2022高考英语阅读理解暑假精炼(13)及答案(茂名市)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Thedaywhenthejobswerehandedoutwasoneofthemostexcitingmomentsforallthechildrenintheclass.Ittookplaceduringthefirstweekoftheterm.Everykidwasgivenajobforwhichtheywouldberesponsiblefortherestofthatschoolyear.Somejobsweremoreinterestingthanothers,andthechildrenwereeagertobegivenoneofthebestones.Whengivingthemout,theteachertookintoaccountwhichpupilshadbeenmostresponsibleduringthepreviousyear.DuringthepreviousyearRitahadcarriedouttheteacher’sinstructionsperfectly.AllthechildrenknewRitawouldbegiventhebestjob.Buttherewasabigsurprise.Eachchildreceivedanormaljob.ButRita’sjobwasverydifferent.Shewasgivenalittleboxcontainingsomesandandoneant.Thoughtheteacherinsistedthatthisantwasveryspecial,Ritafeltdisappointed.Mostofherclassmatesfeltsorryforher.EvenherfatherbecameveryangrywiththeteacherandheencouragedRitatopaynoattentiontothisinsignificantpet.However,Ritapreferredtoshowtheteacherhererrorbydoingsomethingspecialwiththatjoboflittleinterest.Ritastartedinvestigatingallaboutherlittleantandgavetheantthebestfood,anditgrewquiteabitbigger.Oneday,aman,wholookedveryimportant,cameintotheirclassroomanddeclared,“Yourclasshasbeenchosentoaccompanyme,thissummer,onajourneytothetropicalrainforest,wherewewillinvestigateallkindsofinsects.Amongalltheschoolsofthisregion,yourclasshasbestcaredforthelittleant.”Thatdaytheschoolwasfilledwithjoyandcelebration.EveryonethankedRitaforhavingbeensopatientandresponsible.Andmanychildrenlearntthattobegiventhemostimportanttaskyouhavetoknowhowtoberesponsibleeveninwhatarethesmallesttasks.26.Whatdidtheteacherbasehisdecisiononwhengivingoutjobstothechildren?A.Theircharactersandinterests.B.Theirclassperformanceduringthepreviousyear.C.Theirworkingperformanceduringthepreviousyear.D.Theirabilityofmanagingtheiraccountsduringthepreviousyear.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。依据Whengivingthemout,theteachertookintoaccountwhichpupilshadbeenmostresponsibleduringthepreviousyear.在分发任务的时候，老师依据同学上一年的学习表现，故选C。27.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.Eachchildgotanimportantjob.B.Eachchildgotaninterestingjob.C.Theperfectstudentgotthejobofeveryone’spreference．D.Themostresponsiblestudentgotthejobofleastinterest.【答案】D【解析】句意理解题。依据由于上一年Rita表现最好，大家都认为老师应当给她一个最好的工作，可是有一个令人吃惊的事情，所以与同学的想法相反她被给一个没有爱好的工作，故选D。28.WhatisRita’sattitudetoherfather’ssuggestion?A.Negative.B.Uncertain.C.Totallypositive.D.Acceptive.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。依据heencouragedRitatopaynoattentiontothisinsignificantpet.However,Ritapreferredtoshowtheteacherhererrorbydoingsomethingspecialwiththatjoboflittleinterest.她父亲鼓舞她不要照看那个小动物，可是Rita却想做好这个没好玩的工作来表明自己的老师的错误打算，故选A。29.Wecaninferthatthemanwhomadethedeclarationisa_________.A.hunterB.directorC.biologistD.principal【答案】C【解析】推理推断题。依据Yourclasshasbeenchosentoaccompanyme,thissummer,onajourneytothetropicalrainforest,wherewewillinvestigateallkindsofinsects.Amongalltheschoolsofthisregion,yourclasshasbestcaredforthelittleant.”由于同学跟随他去森林争辩动物，所以猜想可能是生物学家，故选C。30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Nevercomplainaboutlife.B.Smalltaskscanleadtofortunes.C.Menarebestknownbytheirfriends.D.Responsibilityandintelligencebringgoodluck.【答案】B【解析】标题归纳题。依据最终一句总结性的话Andmanychildrenlearntthattobegiventhemostimportanttaskyouhavetoknowhowtoberesponsibleeveninwhatarethesmallesttasks.可知小的工作带来好运气，故选B。阅读理解。Iusuallydoubtaboutanyresearchthatconcludesthatpeopleareeitherhappierorunhappierormoreorlesscertainofthemselvesthantheywere50yearsago.Whileanyofthesestatementsmightbetrue,theyarepracticallyimpossibletoprovescientifically.Still,1wasstruckbyareportwhichconcludedthattoday’schildrenaresignificantlymoreanxiousthanchildreninthe1950s.Infact,theanalysisshowed,normalchildrenbetween9and17haveahigherlevelofanxietytodaythanchildrenwhoweretreatedformentalillness50yearsago.WhyareAmerica’skidssostressed?Thereportcitestwomaincauses:increasingphysicalisolation(孤独)broughtonbyhighdivorceratesandlessinvolvementincommunity,andagrowingperceptionthattheworldisamoredangerousplace.Giventhatwecan’tturntheclockback,adultscanstilldoplentytohelpthenextgenerationtocope.Atthetopofthelist,nurturing(培育)isabetterappreciationofthelimitsofindividualism.Nochildisanisland.Strengtheningsocialtieshelpsbuildcommunitiesandprotectindividualsagainststress.Tohelpkidsbuildstrongerconnectionswithothers,youcanpulltheplugonTVsandcomputers.Yourfamilywillthankyoulater.Theywillthenhavemoretimeforface-to-facerelationships,andtheywillgetmoresleep.Limittheamountofvirtual(虚拟的)violenceyourchildrenareexposedto.It’snotjustvideogamesandmovies;childrenseealotofmurderandcrimeonthelocalnews.Keepyourexpectationsforyourchildrenreasonable.ManyhighlysuccessfulpeopleneverattendedHarvardorYale.Makeexercisepartofyourdailyroutine.Itwillhelpyoudealwithyourownanxietiesandprovideagoodmodelforyourkids.Sometimesanxietyisunavoidable,butitdoesn’thavetoruinyourlife.31.WhatdoestheauthorthinksoftheconclusionthatpeopleinAmericaareunhappierthan50yearsago? A.Surprising B.Confusing C.Illogical D.Questionable【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。依据surprising令人吃惊的；confusing令人困惑的；illogical不合唱里的； questionable可疑的。Iusuallydoubtaboutanyresearchthatconcludesthatpeopleareeitherhappierorunhappierormoreorlesscertainofthemselvesthantheywere50yearsago.作者对于调查结果持怀疑的态度，故选D。32.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“wecan’tturntheclockback(Para.3)?A.It’simpossibletoslowdownthepaceofthechange.B.Thesocialrealitychildrenarefacingcannotbechanged.C.Lessonslearnedfromthepastshouldnotbeforgotten.D.It’simpossibletoforgetthepast.【答案】B【解析】句意理解题。依据adultscanstilldoplentytohelpthenextgenerationtocope.孩子们面临的社会不能被转变，故选B。33.Accordingtoananalysis,comparedwithnormalchildrentoday,children50yearsago__________.A.werelessisolatedphysically B.wereprobablylessself-centeredC.probablysufferedlessfromanxiety D.wereconsideredlessindividualistic【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。依据today’schildrenaresignificantlymoreanxiousthanchildreninthe1950s今日的孩子比50年前的孩子压力大，故选C。34.Whatisthefirstandmostimportantthingparentsshoulddotohelptheirchildren?A.Toprovidethemwithasaferenvironment.B.Tolowertheirexpectationsforthem.C.Togetthemmoreinvolvedsocially.D.Tosetagoodmodelforthemtofollow.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。依据Strengtheningsocialtieshelpsbuildcommunitiesandprotectindividualsagainststress.父母应当让孩子多参与社会活动，故选C。35.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?A.Anxiety,thoughalwaysunavoidable,canbecopedwith.B.Children’sanxietyhasbeenenormouslyexaggerated(夸大).C.Children’sanxietycanberemovedwithmoreparentalcare.D.Anxiety,ifproperlycontrolled,mayhelpchildrenbecomemature.【答案】C【解析】推理推断题。依据Sometimesanxietyisunavoidable,在父母的关怀下孩子们的焦虑是可以消退的，故选C。阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2022·枣庄高三模拟)MicrosoftfounderBillGateshasopenedupaboutbeingaparent，statingthat13isanappropriateageforachild’sfirstcellphone.The57­year­old，father­of­three，revealedonTheTodayShowthathischildrenJenniferandRorywerenotallowedphonesuntiltheir13thbirthdayandhisyoungestdaughterPhoebeisstillwaitingforone.“We’vechoseninourfamilythatit’s13whereyougetaphone，”theself­madebillionaireexplained.Hesaidasaresulthischildrenoftenreturnhomefromschoolcomplaining，“Alltheotherkidshaveone.I’mtheonlyonewithoutone.It’ssoembarrassing.”Askedifhekeepspasswordstohissonanddaughters’emailandFacebookaccounts，MrGatessaidthathedoesn’tforJennifer,16，whohedescribesas“independent”．Headmittedthatmonitoringonlineactivityis“averytrickyissueforparentsnow”．DespitetheirvastwealthMrandMrsGates，wholiveinLakeMedina，havesaidtheywanttogivetheirchildrenasnormalanupbringingaspossible.Itwaspreviouslyreportedthattheiryoungstershavetocompletehouseholdchoresandaregivenamodestamountofpocketmoney.Andin2010MrGatessaidthatheintendstogivemostofhis$61billionfortuneawayratherthanhanditdown.“Thatwouldn’tbegoodeitherformykidsorsociety，”hesaid.AlsoduringtheTodayinterviewwithhostMattLauer，MrGates，whosteppeddownfromMicrosoftin2008toconcentrateonphilanthropy，saidthathelpingothersgiveshimthesameexcitementascreatingsoftware.“Whatyoureallyfeeliswhatyou’veachieved.Ifapieceofsoftwaregetsoutthereandlotsofpeopleloveit—itletsthemgettheirworkdoneinbetterways—that’sexciting，”heexplained.1．BillGateswillnotlethischildrenownacellphone________.A．untiltheyreachtheageof13B．iftheydon’treallyneedoneC．unlesstheydosomehouseworkD．beforetheybecomeindependent2．WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutBillGates’children?A．Allhischildrennowhavecellphones.B．Phoebehasherowncellphone.C．Theyarenotgivenanypocketmoney.D．JennifercanusetheInternetfreely.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”refertointhetext?A．Beingaparentasabillionaire.B．Handingallhismoneydowntohischildren.C．Allowinghischildrentohavetheirphones.D．Givingawayallhismoneytogoodcauses.4．WhatcanwelearnaboutBillGatesfromthetext?A．Heisawarm­heartedfathertohischildren.B．Hehascreatedalotofsoftwaresince2008.C．HenowdevoteshimselftohelpingothersD．Hecaresmoreaboutmoneythananythingelse.5．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．HowBillGatesmadehimselfabillionaire.B．HowBillGatesdealswithhismoney.C．HowBillGatesmanagedhisbusiness.D．HowBillGatesbringsuphischildren.语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。微软公司的创始人比尔·盖茨认为：孩子只有到13岁以后才能使用手机。本文通过一些类似的例子说明白比尔·盖茨训练孩子的方法。1．解析：细节理解题。依据第一段内容可知，比尔·盖茨只允许年满13岁的孩子使用手机。答案：A2．解析：推理推断题。依据第五段内容可推断出，比尔·盖茨不对Jennifer的邮箱和Facebook账户设置密码，由于他认为年满16岁的Jennifer已经“独立”了，即她可以自由地使用网络。答案：D3．解析：指代推断题。画线词所在句子意为：那对我的孩子和整个社会都不好。由于that指代上文中提到过的事，所以依据上一句“在2010年盖茨先生说他打算把他610亿美元的财产大部分都捐出去而不是留给自己的孩子”可知，此处that指把自己的财产留给孩子。答案：B4．解析：推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中的“MrGates，whosteppeddownfromMicrosoftin2008toconcentrateonphilanthropy(慈善事业)”可知，比尔·盖茨现在认真于慈善事业，即挂念别人。答案：C5．解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过介绍比尔·盖茨给孩子配手机时有年龄限制让孩子做家务，和他不预备把全部财产都留给孩子的例子，说明白盖茨先生想让自己的孩子像一般家庭的孩子一样成长，这些都是比尔·盖茨训练孩子的方法。答案：D。【山东省泰安市2022第一轮质检试题】Howmanyhoursdoyouspendsittinginachaireveryday?EighthoursintheofficeplusthreehoursinfrontoftheTVafterworkisthenormformanypeople．Youprobablydon’tneedanexperttotellyouthatsittingtoomuchisnotgoodforyourhealth—fromanincreasedriskofheartdiseaseandobesityinthelongterm，toreducedcholesterol(胆固醇)maintenanceintheshortterm，nottomentionthestrainonyourneckandspine．Tomakemattersworse，manyresearchesshowagooddietandregularexercisecall’treducethenegativeeffectsofsittingtoomuch．A2010studyofnearly9,000Australiansfoundthatforeachadditionalhouroftelevisionapersonwatchedperday，theriskofdyingroseby11percent．Anotherstudytrackedthehealthof123，000Americansbetween1992and2006．Thedeathrateformenwhospentsixhoursormoreperdaysittingwasabout20percenthigherthanformenwhosatforthreehoursorless．Sowhatcanwedoaboutit?Healthexpertssuggestwebreakupthosemanyhoursspentsittingwithmorehoursspentstanding．TheBBCconductedasimpleexperimentwithagroupof10volunteerswhousuallyspentmostofthedaysitting．Theywereaskedtostandforatleastthreehoursaday．TheresearcherstookmeasurementsOildayswhenthevolunteersstood，andwhentheysataround．Whentheylookedatthedatathereweresome