2021贵阳市高考英语阅读、阅读表达一轮自练题(5)-及答案

2021贵阳市高考英语阅读、阅读表达一轮自练题（5）及答案完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从1〜15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ItwasaterriblenightforLubeckandlightningflashedthroughthedarknessoverhisbedroom.Beforethe80-year-old1_____workercouldcount"onethousandone,"hewasshakenbyablastofthunder.Itwas11p.m.Thestormhadmoved2_____overhistwo-storywoodhome.Thenheheardthesmoke3_____ringing.Lubeckrushed4_____barefoottoinvestigate.Theflamesfromafire,mostlikelycausedbylightning,explodedout.Lubeckfledbackupstairstocall911.Butthephonedidn't5_____.andwhenLubecktriedtogodownoutsides,hewasstoppedbyawallofflames.Lubeckrealizedhewas6_____.Hisyounggranddaughters,wholivedwithhim,were7_____forthenight.HishousewasthreemilesoffthemainroadandsowellhiddenbypinesthatLubeckknewcallingforhelpwouldbe8.UpahillaboutathirdofamileawaylivedLubeck's9_____neighbors,Wentworthandhiswife.Whenitoccurredtohimthatthesoundwasmorelikeasmokedetector,Wentworthjumpedoutofbed,grabbedawirelessphoneandaflashlight,and10_____downthehillsidetowardthenoise..Wentworthcalledout，"Isanyonethere?"ashe11_____thehouse.Thenheheard,"Helpme!I'mtrapped!"comingfromLubeck'sbalcony(阳台).Insidethehouse,windowsbrokeupallaroundhim.Afteronemore12_____insidethehouse,hegaveupandtherewasno13_____togettohim.Suddenly,henoticedaladder.HedraggeditovertothebalconyandpulledLubeckdownjustasthesecondfloorofthehousecollapsed.‘Withintheyear,Lubeckandhisfamily14_____thehouseatthesiteofthefire.WentworthandLubeckdon'trunintoeachother15_____,butLubecknowknowsthatifheeverneedshelp,Wentworthwillbethere.1.AexcitedBtiredCretiredD.relaxed2.AdirectlyBslightlyC-slowlyDsmoothly3.Apacket‘BalarmCboxDchimney4.AforwardsBupstairsCtowardsDdownstairs5.AworkBuseC'callDmake6.ArescuedBshockedCbeatenDtrapped7.ApresentBawayCaliveDactive8.AhelpfulBcarelessCfruitlessDregretful9.AfarthestBclosestCkindestDdeepest10.AheadedBhandedCescapedDlanded11.AgotBarrivedCapproachedDwalked12.AthoughtBexperimentCchanceDattempt13.AkeyBideaCway]Ddoubt14.AremindedBrebuiltCrepeated]Drecalled15.ArarelyBoccasionallyCcommonly]Dregularly1.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。excited兴奋的；tired累的；retired退休的；relaxed放松的。依据the80-year-old可知80岁当然退休了。那位80岁的退休工人数到了1001个数字，故选C。2.【答案】A【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。directly径直地，直接地；slightly略微地；slowly渐渐地；smoothly平稳地。这里用directly来表明风暴之大。风暴就像就在两层木屋的上方，故选A。3.【答案】B【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。packet包装；alarm报警；box盒子；chimney烟筒。依据上文可知暴风特殊大，他们听见风暴的鸣叫声，故选B。4.【答案】D【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。forwards向前；upstairs楼上；towards向；downstairs向下。依据Lubeckfledbackupstairstocall911.可知他是从楼上下来的。Lubeck光着脚冲下楼去看一下到底，故选D。5.【答案】A【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。work工作；use使用；call打电话；make制造。电话不能用，故选A。6.【答案】D【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。rescued救援；shocked震惊；beaten战胜；trapped逆境。Lubeck意识到必需被救，故选D。7.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。present现在；away离去；alive活着的；active乐观的。原来和他住在一起的小孙女晚上离开（away）了，故选B。8.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。helpful有挂念的；careless马虎的；fruitless徒劳的；regretful懊悔的。他的房子离主要大路有3英里远，并且四周被松树包围着以致于他呼救是没有用的，故选C。9.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。farthest最远的；closest最近的；kindest亲切的；deepest最深的。最近的（closest）邻居住在向山上走一英里的地方，故选B。10.【答案】A【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。headed朝向，率领；handed挂念；escaped逃离；landed着陆。依据上文可知邻居住在上面的上山。Wentworth从床上跳下来，拿起无线电话和手电筒朝下山有声音的地方而去，故选A。11.【答案】C【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。got到达，接介词to再跟名词；arrived到达，接介词at或in再跟名词；approached接近，它后面直接跟名词；walked步行。当他接近房子的时候，Wentworth大叫“那里有人吗”，故选C。12.【答案】D【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。thought思考；experiment试验；chance机会；attempt尝试。在房子又进行一次尝试（attempt）后，他放弃了，故选D。13.【答案】C【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。key钥匙；idea方法；way方法；doubt怀疑。没有方法接近他，故选C。14.【答案】B【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。reminded提示；rebuilt重建；repeated重复；recalled召回。在这一年内，Lubeck和他的家人在着火的地方重建（rebuilt）了一个房子，故选B。15.【答案】D【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。rarely很少地；occasionally间或；commonly通常地；regularly经常，有规律地。Wentworth和Lubeck没有经常见面，但是Lubeck知道，假如他需要挂念，Wentworth就在那里等着。故选D。阅读理解。Toerrishuman.Toblametheotherguyisevenmorehuman.Commonsenseisnotallthatcommon.Whytellthetruthwhenyoucancomeupwithagoodexcuse?Thesethreepopularmisquotes(戏谑的引语)aremeanttobejokes,andyettheytellusalotabouthumannature.Toerr,ortomakemistakes,isindeedapartofbeinghuman,butitseemsthatmostpeopledon’twanttoaccepttheresponsibilityforhavingmadeamistake.Theynaturallylookforsomeoneelsewhocouldberesponsiblefortheproblem.Perhapsitisthenaturalthingtodo.Theoriginalquoteabouthumannaturewentlikethis:“Toerrishuman,toforgive,divine(神圣的).”Thissayingmirrorsanideal:peopleshouldbeforgivingofothers’mistakes.Instead,wetendtodotheopposite—findsomeoneelsetopasstheblameonto.However,takingresponsibilityforsomethingthatwentwrongisamarkofgreatmaturity.Commonsenseiswhatwecallclearthought.Havingcommonsensemeanshavingagoodgeneralplanthatwillmakethingsworkwell,anditalsomeansstayingwiththeplan.Commonsensetellsyouthatyoutakeanumbrellaoutintoarainstorm,butyouleavetheumbrellahomewhenyouhearaweatherforecastforsunshine.Commonsensedoesnotseemtobecommonforlargeorganizations,becausetherearesomanythingsgoingonthatonepersoncannotbeinchargeofeverything.Peoplesaythatinalargecompany,“therighthanddoesnotknowwhatthelefthandisdoing."Andwhatiswrongwithasocietythatthinksthatmakingupagoodexcuseislikecreatingaworkofart?Oneofthecommonproblemswithmakingexcusesisthatpeople,especiallyyoungpeople,gettheideathatit’sokaynottobetotallyhonestallthetime.Thereisacorollary(直接推论)tothat:ifagoodexcuseis“good”evenifitisn’thonest,thenwhereistheplaceofthetruth?1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingseemsthemosthuman?A.Tosearchfortruth.B.Toachieveone’sideal.C.Tomakefunofothers’mistakes.D.Tocriticizeothersforone’sownerror.2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisasignofaman’smaturity?A.Doingthingshisownway.B.Bearingresponsibilityforhismistakes.C.Makingasfewmistakesaspossible.D.Thinkingseriouslyabouthiswrongdoings.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTbasedoncommonsense?A.Amantriestotakechargeofeverythinginalargecompany.B.Astudentgoesoutwithanumbrellainstormyweather.C.Acompany’snextmovefollowsagoodplan.D.Alawyeractsonfinejudgments.4.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutagoodexcuse?A.Makingagoodexcuseissometimesabetterpolicy.B.Inventingagoodexcuseneedscreativeideas.C.Agoodexcuseisasrewardingashonesty.D.Bittertruthisbetterthanagoodexcuse.5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AMirrorofHumanNatureB.ToBlameortoForgiveC.AMarkofMaturityD.TruthofExcuse【参考答案】64.1-5DBADA阅读理解【2022·临沂3月质量检测】ItcanbehardtoencouragefamiliesofpreschoolerstoturnofftheTV，butthereareplentyofhigh­qualityshowsthatpromotelearningandpositiverelationshipsratherthanviolence，researchersnoted.“Althoughclearlykidswatchtoomuch，what’smoreworryingisthattheywatchpoorqualityshows，”saidDrChristakis，theleadresearcheronthenewstudyfromtheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.Hisformersurveyofparentsofthree­tofive­year­oldchildrenshowedthekidsoftenwatchedviolentcartoonsandmoviesthatare“totallyinappropriate”．Fortheirstudy，heandhiscolleaguesrandomlydivide565preschoolersintotwogroups.Inonegroup，parentsrecordednotesaboutkids’normalTVviewing，withoutreceivinganyguidelinestoreduceorchangethosehabits.Intheothergroup，researchersmadevisitsandcallsandsentmonthlynewslettersencouragingparentstoreplaceviolentTVwitheducationalprogramming.Aftersixand12months，parentsreportedtheirkid’sangry，aggressiveoranxiousbehaviorsonaquestionnaire.Atbothtimepoints，childrenintheTVintervention(干预)programhadslightlyfewerproblemsthanthoseinthecomparisongroup.Boysinlow­incomefamiliesseemedtobenefitmostfromthechangeinprogramming，theresearchersfound.“Thepointis，thisissomethingthatisaseffectiveasotherthingswedototrytoguidebehaviorinchildren，andit’sfairlysimple，”Christakissaid.AnotherstudypublishedinPediatricsfoundthemoreTVkidsandteenswatched，themorelikelytheyweretohaveacrimeorotherproblemsinsociety.Childrenmayimitateviolencetheysee—ormoretimeinfrontoftheTVcouldsimplymeanlesscommunicationwithpeersandfamilies，andworseperformanceinschool.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendskidswatchnomorethanonetotwohoursofhigh­qualityprogrammingeachday.ResearchersagreedparentsshouldbemindfulofwhatexactlytheiryoungkidsarewatchingonTVaswell.“It’snotjustaboutturningtheTVoff，it’saboutchangingthechannel，”Christakissaid.1．Whatisthepositiveeffectofhigh­qualityTVshowsonkids?A．Goodlearningresultsandrelationships.B．Beingaffectedbyviolence.C．SpendinglesstimeonTVprogramming.D．EncouragingthemtoturnontheTV.2．ForChristakis，whatismoreconcerning?A．KidswatchingtoomuchTV.B．TVshowsbeingofpoorquality.C．Kidswatchingtoomanycartoons.D．Parentsreceivingnoguidelines.3．WecanlearnfromthesurveymentionedinPara.3that________.A．Childrendon’tlikebeingdisturbedwhilewatchingTVB．PreschoolersseemstolikenewslettersmorethanTVC．PoorchildrenprefertowatcheducationalprogrammingD．Kidswatchinghigh­qualityprogramshavefewerproblems4.Christakisthoughttheeffectofeducationalprogrammingonchildren’sbehaviourwas________.A．unclear B．slightC．obvious D．great5．Accordingtotheresearchers，________.A．gettingpreschoolersawayfromTVisdifficultB．showsonTVinAmericaarefullofviolenceC．parentsshouldcommunicatemorewiththeirkidsD．parentsshouldkeepaneyeonwhatkidswatchonTV语篇解读本文是一篇调查报告。争辩人员通过调查争辩发觉：高质量的电视节目对学龄前儿童的学习和待人处事，有很大的促进作用。同时文中还提示家长：关掉电视不是明智之举，关键要关注孩子观看的节目内容。1．解析：细节理解题。依据第一段中的“...butthereareplentyofhigh­qualityshowsthatpromotelearningandpositiverelationships”可知，A项正确。答案：A2．解析：细节理解题。依据其次段第一句“...what’smoreworryingisthattheywatchpoorqualityshows’．..”可知，B项正确。题干中的concerning与“worrying”同义。答案：B3．解析：细节理解题。依据第三段倒数其次句“Atbothtimepoints，childrenintheTVintervention(干预)programhadslightlyfewerproblemsthanthoseinthecomparisongroup.”可知，与对比组相比，所看电视节目受到干预的孩子的问题相对较少。答案：D4．解析：推理推断题。依据倒数第三段和最终一段可知，Christakis认为，训练类的电视节目对孩子行为的影响是显而易见的。答案：C5．解析：细节理解题。依据最终一段其次句“ResearchersagreedparentsshouldbemindfulofwhatexactlytheiryoungkidsarewatchingonTVaswell.”可知，家长应当关注孩子所看电视节目的内容。答案：D。【上海市嘉定区】Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Manychildrenfirstlearnthevalueofmoneybyreceivinganallowance（津贴）．Thepurposeistoletchildrenlearnfromexperienceatanagewhenfinancialmistakesarenotverycostly．Inanycase，parentsshouldmakeclearwhat，ifanything，thechildisexpectedtopayforwiththemoney．Atfirst，youngchildrenmayspendalloftheirallowancesoonaftertheyreceiveit．Iftheydothis，theywilllearnthehardwaythatspendingmustbedonewithinabudget．Parentsareusuallyadvisednottooffermoremoneyuntilthenextallowance．Theobjectistoshowyoungpeoplethatabudgetdemandschoicesbetweenspendingandsaving．Olderchildrenmayberesponsibleenoughtosavemoneyforlargercosts，likeclothingorelectronics．Allowancesgivechildrenachancetoexperiencethethingstheycandow