专题12议论文2例证法之列事实讲道理(学校生活)

专题12议论文例证法之列事实、讲道理论证（概括事实、各种现象、统计数据） （一）关于学生学习、校园生活以及参与的各项校内外活动相关的话题 目录范文1【2014年上海卷】栏目增减及其理由（TopicalIssues,InterestsandHobbies）范文2【2009年江西卷改编】如何将坏心情变为好心情(Health,Emotions) 范文3近视眼产生的原因及应对措施(Health) 范文4虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后ModestyHelpsOneGoforwardWhereasConceitMakesOneFallbehind(TopicalIssues) 范文5Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?（LiteratureandArt） PracticeI【2016年江苏卷】网络投票（TopicalIssues） PracticeII学校运动会浪费现象(TopicalIssues,Schoollife) PracticeIII【2014年浙江卷】向学校图书馆推荐新书(TopicalIssues,LiteratureandArt) PracticeIVWhetherisHarryPottersuitableforchildrentoread?（LiteratureandArt） 二、列事实、讲道理论证（概括事实、各种现象、统计数据）采用列事实、讲道理论证的议论文主要有两大类话题：第一类是与同学们的学习、校园生活以及参与的各项校内外活动密切相关的话题；第二类会涉及到世界、环境和社会相关的话题（目前的热点问题），让同学们描述这些现象并分析讨论该现象产生的原因或导致的后果，最后再提出可行的解决措施。本专题将分别列举两类话题。（一）关于学生学习、校园生活以及参与的各项校内外活动相关的话题范文1【2014年上海卷】栏目增减及其理由（TopicalIssues,InterestsandHobbies）学校英语报正在改版，拟从现有的三个栏目（健康、娱乐、文化）中去除一个，并从三个备选栏目（时尚、职业规划、读者反馈）中挑选一个纳入该报。假设你是该校学生程飞，给校报编辑写一封电子邮件，表达你的观点。邮件须包括以下内容：你建议去除的栏目及去除的理由；2.你建议增加的栏目及增加的理由。=1\*ROMANI审题体裁：书信体应用文+议论文主体时态：一般现在时主要人称：第一人称写作要点：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________=2\*ROMANII写作提纲Para.1交代写信背景和写信目的；Para.2删除项目及理由；增加项目及理由；Para.3提出希望。=3\*ROMANIIIUsefulexpressionsundergosomereform正在改版addsth.to…把sth.添加到…(上/中/里)addtosth.增加sth.crosssth.out=crossoutsth.=deletesth.删除sth.broadenourhorizons开阔我们的眼界Foronething,readingaboutfashioncanmakeourlifemorecolorful.Foranother,fashionisanessentialpartofourlifewhichdoesn’tconflictwithourstudy.一方面，阅读有关时尚的书籍可以使我们的生活更加丰富多彩。另一方面，时尚是我们生活中不可或缺的一部分，与我们的学习不相冲突。Ihopethatmysuggestionswillproveofsomevalueinyourconsideration,andthattheEnglishnewspaperwillbemorepopularamongusstudents.我希望我的建议在你考虑时能有价值，同时希望英语报纸将受同学们的欢迎。Ihopethatmysuggestionsarehelpfulforyourdecision,andthattheEnglishnewspaperwillbemorepopularamongusstudents.我希望我的建议对你的决定有帮助，同时希望英语报纸将受同学们的欢迎。参考范文ADearEditor,WhatapleasantsurpriseitistoknowthatourschoolEnglishpaperisundergoingsomereform.Ofthethreecolumnsyouareconsideringremoving,I’dratherthatyoudeletedthecolumnof“Health”.Thecolumn“Entertainment”isappealingtousstudents,providinguswithsomeformsofrelaxationfromourroutinestudies,while“Culture”cangiveusaglimpseofdifferentcultures,thusbroadeningourhorizons.Astowhichcolumntoaddtoourpaper,“Fashion”iswhatappealstomemost.Foronething,readingaboutfashioncanmakeourlifemorecolorful.Foranother,fashionisanessentialpartofourlifewhichdoesn’tconflictwithourstudies.Ihopethatmysuggestionswillproveofsomevalueinyourconsideration,andthattheEnglishpaperwillbemorepopularamongusstudents.Student,参考范文BChengFeiDearSir,WordcamethatourschoolEnglishnewspaperispreparingforchange.AsanEnglishnewspaperfan,Ihavesomeadvice.Inmyopinion,school’snewspaperhasagoodinfluenceonourstudyandlife.It’smuchappreciatedbystudentsandteachers.Ifyoumustcrossoutonecolumn,Ithinkitwillbemorebeneficialifyoucancross“Entertainment”out.Afterall,itisveryimportantforustoworkhard.Weshouldtakemoretimetostudy;toomuchentertainmenthasabadeffectonourstudy.Ialsosuggestthatyoushouldadd“Careerplanning”toournewspaper,becauseithasbecomeahottopicamongpeople,especiallyamongtheyoung.Mostimportantly,notonlycanitmakemiddleschoolstudentslearnmoresocialchangesandrealizetheirfuture,butalsoitcanhelpthemtoadaptthemselvestothedevelopmentofsocietybetter.Ihopethatmysuggestionsarehelpfulforyourdecision,andthattheEnglishpaperwillbemorepopularamongusstudents.Student,ChengFeiUsefulexpressionMostimportantly,notonlycanitmakemiddleschoolstudentslearnmoresocialchangesandrealizetheirfuture,butalsoitcanhelpthemtoadaptthemselvestothedevelopmentofsocietybetter.更重要的是，他不仅可以让同学们了解社会的变化，明确自己的未来，而且还有助于他们更好地适应社会的发展。范文2【2009年江西卷改编】如何将坏心情变为好心情(Health,Emotions)学校即将举行以“TurningaBadMood(心情)intoaGoodOne”为题目的英语作文比赛，请按下列要求写一篇议论文。（1）好心情的重要性；（2）产生坏心情的原因；（3）应该如何调整心情。TurningaBadMoodintoaGoodOneItisveryimportantforustohaveagoodmoodinourdailylife.Ifyouhaveagoodmood，youwillbehappywitheverythingintheworld，andmostimportantly，youwillhaveanoptimisticeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.Weallwillliveaharmonious,happyandhealthylife.However,sometimeswhenyoumeetsomedifficulties,quarrelwithothersorfailindoingsomething,youmayhaveabadmood.Ifso,youshouldthinkmoreaboutitsbrightsidebecauseeverythinghasitstwosides.Wearesurethateverythingwillbebetterwithtimepassingby.Remember:Onlyyoucanmakeyourselfhappy.Ihopethateveryonehasagoodmoodeveryday!Usefulexpressions1.Ifyouhaveagoodmood，youwillbehappywitheverythingintheworld，andmostimportantly，youwillhaveanoptimisticeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.如果你有好心情，你会对世界上的一切感到满意，并且最重要的是，你会对周围的人有一种乐观的影响。2.Weallwillliveaharmonious,happyandhealthylife.我们都会过着和谐、幸福和健康的生活。范文3近视眼产生的原因及应对措施(Health)现在越来越多的学生成了近视眼，请分析一下此现象产生的原因及应对措施。参考范文Nowmoreandmorestudents,seniororjunior,eventhepupilsinprimaryschools,arenear-sighted.Howseriousthesituationis!Whatcausethemtobenear-sighted?It’sbecausewereadbooksallday,andeyesaretootired.Atthesametime,mostofusdon’tpayattentiontotherightpostureofwriting.Itiswell-knownthateyesaretheimportantpartofourbody.Weusethemtoseeallthethingsaroundus.Withouteyeswecannotstudyorworkwell.Thougheveryoneknowstheimportanceofoureyes,notallofusunderstandhowtoprotectthem.Ithink,first,afterwehaveworkedforaboutanhourorso,we’dbetterletoureyeshavearest--eitherclosetheeyesforashorttimeorlookintothedistance.Second,weshouldn’treadinthesun,orinapoorlight,orinamovingbus,anddorememberreadingonbedisabadhabit.What’smore,weshouldpayattentiontothedistancefromeyestothebook.Lastbutnotleast,weshouldinsistondoingeye-exerciseeveryday.Inshort,weshouldtryourbesttokeepoureyesbright.Usefulexpression1.Atthesametime,mostofusdon’tpayattentiontotherightpostureofwriting.同时，我们大多数人没有太注意正确的书写姿势。2.Ithink,first,afterwehaveworkedforaboutanhourorso,we’dbetterletoureyeshavearest--eitherclosetheeyesforashorttimeorlookintothedistance.我认为，首先，在用眼工作一小时之后，我们最好休息一下眼睛。可以短时间让两只眼睛靠近练习，也可以看远处的地方。范文4虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后ModestyHelpsOneGoforwardWhereasConceitMakesOneFallbehind(TopicalIssues)ModestyHelpsOneGoforwardWhereasConceitMakesOneFallbehindAsisknown，modestyisoneofChinesetraditionalvirtues.Weweretaughtearlyinourlivesthatmodestyhelpsonegoforwardwhereasconceitmakesonefallbehind.ThisadviceisofgreatvalueandIcan’tagreemorewiththesaying.Beingmodest,onetendstobeawareofhisshortcomingsandwouldliketolearnmoresoastobecomemorecompetent.Andamodestmangetsalongwellwithotherswhileotherswouldrespecthimandhelphimwhenhemeetsdifficulties.Incontrast,aconceitedpersontendstoswellwithprideandover-estimatehimself.Consequently,hewouldstopwhereheis，makingnomoreprogress.Meanwhile,peoplemaydislikehimandhemayfeellonely.Personally，I’llstaymodesteventhoughImayhaveachievedsomethinginlife.(135words)Usefulexpressions1.Asisknown，modestyisoneofChinesetraditionalvirtues.众所周知，谦虚是中国传统美德之一。2.Weweretaughtearlyinourlivesthatmodestyhelpsonegoforwardwhereasconceitmakesonefallbehind.在我们的生活中，我们很早以前就被教导，虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。3.Beingmodest,onetendstobeawareofhisshortcomingsandwouldliketolearnmoresoastobecomemorecompetent.保持谦逊，人们就会意识到自己的缺点，并且也愿意学到更多，这样一来就会变得更有能力。4.Incontrast,aconceitedpersontendstoswellwithprideandover-estimatehimself.相比之下，自负的人会骄傲自大，高估自己。范文5Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?（LiteratureandArt）根据下表内容，以Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?为题写一篇100词左右的短文。现状原因建议许多年轻人喜欢奇幻文学，他们读奇幻文学时往往忘记吃饭、睡觉。奇幻文学情节曲折惊险，能够吸引年轻人。适量阅读一些奇幻文学，但不要沉溺其中，以免不适应现实生活。奇幻文学生动有趣，富有教育意义，容易感动年轻人。奇幻文学往往描绘年轻人在现实生活中无法实现的事情，对年轻人理想的实现是一个弥补。参考范文Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?Atpresentmanyyoungpeopleliketoreadfantasyliterature.Whentheyreadsomefantasyliterature,theyoftenforgettoeatandsleep.Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?Herearesomemainreasons.First,theplotoffantasyliteratureisusuallyindirectandthrilling.Soitcanattractyoungpeople.Atthesametime,fantasyliteratureisusuallylively,interestingandinstructive.Asaresult,itcaneasilymoveyoungpeople.Besides,fantasyliteraturesusuallydescribesomethingthatyoungpeoplecan’tdoinreallife,soitmakesupfortherealizationofyoungpeople’sdreams.Itisusefultoreadaproperamountoffantasyliterature,butdon’tbecomeaddictedtoitoryoumaynotadaptyourselftoreality.Usefulexpressions1.Atthesametime,fantasyliteratureisusuallylively,interestingandinstructive.Asaresult,itcaneasilymoveyoungpeople.同时，奇幻文学生动有趣，富有教育意义，容易感动年轻人。2.makeupfor弥补3.becomeaddictedto对……上瘾的4.adaptyourselftoreality.适应现实生活Practice=1\*ROMANI【2016年江苏卷】网络投票（TopicalIssues）请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Inrecentyears,InternetvotinghasbecomeincreasinglypopularinChina.Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves,butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”.LiJiang,ahighschoolstudent,isinvitedtovoteinthe“BestPoliceOfficer”competition,organizedbythelocalgovernmenttoletthepublichaveabetterunderstandingofpoliceofficers’dailywork.LiJiangvisitsthewebsiteandreadsallthestories.Heisdeeplymovedbytheirgloriousdeeds.Heisalreadythinkingofbecomingapolicemanhimselfinthefuture.SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger”competition.Hehasalreadyreceivedthreesimilarinvitationsthisweek.Hisuncletellshimthatifhiscousinwinsthecompetition,thefamilywillwinanoverseastourforfree.SuHualikeshiscousinverymuch,buthefindsothersingersperformevenbetter.Tovote,ornottovote?Thisisaquestionthattroubleshimverymuch.【写作内容】用约30个单词写出上文概要；用约120个单词阐述你对网络投票的看法，并用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。【写作要求】写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校；不必写标题。I审题体裁：议论文主体时态：一般现在时主要人称：第三人称、第一人称要点：1.用约30词概括所给材料的主要内容；2.用约120词阐述自己对网络投票的看法；3.适当的结尾。=2\*ROMANII写作提纲Para.1用约30词概括所给材料的主要内容；Para.2用约120词提出观点阐述自己对网络投票的看法,并加以论证说明；Para.3总结全文。参考范文AOn-linevotingbecomesincreasinglypopular,andmanycompetitionsgetpeopleinvolvedinit.Itisbeneficialtosomepeople,whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.Inmyopinion,on-linevotingisaninseparablepartofmodernlifeandshouldbewelcomed,sinceitisnomorethanawaytoparticipateinpubliclife.Itmakesnodifferencefromordinaryvotingevents,inwhichcandidatesgoaroundtoseeksupport.Inaddition,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.Furthermore,votingontheInternetmakesinstantfeedbackpossible.Tobehonest,voterssometimesfeelannoyed,notbecausetheyhatevoting,butbecausetheyaredividedbetweenemotionandfairness.Thingswillturnforthebetterifwecanworkoutsomeparticipationrulesforpeopletoobey.Therefore,Iholdapositiveattitudetowardsonlinevoting.UsefulexpressionsOn-linevoting:Internetvoting;votingontheInternet网络投票Itisbeneficialtosomepeople,whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.一方面，它确实对一些人来说有利，然而另一方面，它将其余的人在投与不投的问题上推向了两难境地。bebeneficialtosb.对sb.有好处putsb.intoadilemmaoversth.在某事上将sb.推向了两难的境地beinadilemmaaboutsth.在某事上进退两难3.Inmyopinion,on-linevotingisaninseparablepartofmodernlifeandshouldbewelcomed,sinceitisnomorethanawaytoparticipateinpubliclife.Itmakesnodifferencefromordinaryvotingevents,inwhichcandidatesgoaroundtoseeksupport.在我看来，网络投票是现代生活中不可分割的一部分,并且理应受到欢迎，因为它提供了另一种参与公众生活的途径。虽然它与普通的投票形式没有区别，但是对于普通的投票而言，候选人需要四处（走动）去寻求（他人）支持。inseparableadj.不可分割的参考范文BInternetvotingisquitepopularnowadays.Manypeoplearesomewhatpuzzledatthenegativesideofthevoting,althoughsomearequitehappywithit,andactiveindoingit.Inmyopinion,Internetvotinghasbeguntoshowitsnegativeimpactsonpeopleandsociety.Firstly,peoplemayfeelforcedwhenaskedtodothingsthattheydon’twantto.Secondly,votingofthiskinddoesnotdependonthestrongpointsofthecompetitors,butratheronhowmanysocial-networkingresourcestheyhave.Thirdly,thevotersoreventhecompetitorsinmanycasesarepossiblytakingadvantageofcommercialadvertisement.Inshort,Internetvoting,tosomeextent,isunfair,ifnotimmoral,andcannotbetrusted.Therefore,rulesshouldbeworkedoutandstrictlyobserved.Everyoneinoursocietyshouldhelpthoseinneed,butitismoreimportanttobesincereandearnest.Usefulexpressions1.Manypeoplearesomewhatpuzzledatthenegativesideofthevoting,althoughsomearequitehappywithit,andactiveindoingit.尽管一些人乐于网上投票，也积极参与其中，但是许多人还是担心其消极的一面。puzzlevt.使困惑bepuzzledatsth.对sth.感到困惑puzzlevi.冥思苦想puzzleabout/oversth.苦苦思索某事2.showitsnegativeimpactsonpeopleandsociety对人们和社会都有负面影响。3.Secondly,votingofthiskinddoesnotdependonthestrongpointsofthecompetitors,butratheronhowmanysocial-networkingresourcestheyhave.第二、这种投票不取决于竞争者的强项，而取决于他们所拥有社会关系资源的数量。social-networkingresources社会关系资源4.commercialadvertisement商业广告5.Everyoneinoursocietyshouldhelpthoseinneed,butitismoreimportanttobesincereandearnest.我们社会上的每一个人都应该帮助那些需要帮助的人，但是更重要的是应该诚实和认真。sincereadj.真诚的，诚实的sincerethanks诚挚的谢意earnest(1)adj.serious认真的，诚挚的；(2)n.(u)认真seriousnessinearnest认真地beinearnest郑重其事ThistimeI’minearnest.这次我是认真的。Practice=2\*ROMANII学校运动会浪费现象(TopicalIssues,Schoollife)近年来，部分学校的运动会花费越来越高。现在，请你就此现象，按以下提示，写一篇英语短文。写作内容：花费增高体现：买运动服、做海报等；相应弊端：造成浪费、增加负担；提出建议：培养团队意识、减压和娱乐参考范文Inrecentyears,someschoolsportsmeetingshavecostmoreandmore.Forexample,itistypicalofmanymorestudentstopurchasethesportsuniforms,whichtheydon’tusuallywearintheirdailylife.Besides,postersandslogansforthesportsmeetingsaremadealmosteverytime,whichusuallycostalargeamountofmoney.Andunfortunately,thesebehaviorsresultinabigwasteofmoneyandtheywillalsoputaheavyburdenonourparents.Inmyopinion,whenwearehavingaschoolsportsmeeting,we’dbetterfocusonthesportseventsthemselves,trytodeveloptheteamspirit,relieveourpressureandgetfunaswell.Practice=3\*ROMANIII【2014年浙江卷】向学校图书馆推荐新书(TopicalIssues,LiteratureandArt)学校图书馆需要购置一批新书，现向学生征求意见。假如你是李越，你认为学校图书馆最需要购置科普类图书（popularsciencebooks）和文学类图书（literarybooks）。请你用英语给图书馆王老师写一封100-120词的信，推荐这两类书，并分别说明推荐理由。=1\*ROMANIUsefulexpressions1.Knowingthatourlibraryisgoingtobuybooks,I’dliketogivesomesuggestions.得知我们学校图书馆将采购书籍，我想提供一些建议。

2.Theyhelpusunderstandsciencesubjectsbetterandarouseourcuriosityaboutscientificdiscoveries他们帮助我们更好地理解自然科学学科并且也能激发我们对科学探索的好奇心。

3.Theycannotonlyhelpusunderstandwhatwelearninourclassbetter，butalsohelpbroadenourhorizons.他们不仅可以帮助我们更好地理解我们在课堂中所学的知识，而且可以帮助我们拓宽视野。

4.Theyalsocankeepusstudentsinterestedinscience.他们也可以让学生对科学产生兴趣。

5.Inadditiontoreadingforknowledge,wereadforfunandinspiration.除了为学知识而阅读外，我们也为了娱乐和受到启迪而阅读。

6.Classicworkspresentgreatthoughtsthroughfascinatingstoriesandlanguage.古典的作品通过精彩的故事和具有感染力的语言来传递伟大的思想。

7.Theynotonlyofferusjoyandexcitement,butalsoencourageustothinkcritically.他们不仅可以给我们带来快乐和兴奋，而且可以鼓励我们进行批判性思考。

8.I'llbegladifyoucanconsidermyrecommendation.如果你能考虑我的建议，我将非常高兴。

9.Iwouldbeveryglad/pleased/happyifmyadvicecanbeofsomehelp.如果我的建议对你有用，我将非常高兴。=2\*ROMANII句型练习Foronething,_________________________________________________________________.Foranother,______________________________________________________________________.参考范文ADearMr.Wang,I’mLiYue,astudentwhostudiesinourschool.Aswestudentsknow,ourschoollibraryisgoingtopurchasesomenewbooks.Consequently,I’mwritingtoyoutogivesomesuggestions.AsfarasIamconcerned,popularsciencebooksarethebestchoice,whichwillnotonlycontributetohelpingusunderstandwhatwelearninourclass,butalsocanhelpbroadenourhorizons.Moreimportantly,booksofthiskindwillsurelykeepusstudentsinterestedinscience.Besides,whenwearetiredfromstudy,wecanturntoliterarybooksforfun.Ithinksuchbooksarealsowhatweneed,whichwillhelprelaxourselves.SoIadvisethatyoushouldconsiderbuyingliterarybooksaswell.Iwouldbeverygladifmyadvicecanbeofsomehelp.Yourssincerely,LiYue参考范文BDearMr.