河南省周口市太康县2022-2023学年高一上学期1月期末质量检测英语试题

河南省周口市太康县2022-2023学年高一上学期1月期末质量检测英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文。从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。TheBayAreaScienceFestivalisback!Goingintoits11thyear,thefestivalisofferingagreatmixofbothin-personandvirtualeventsforthecuriousofallages.Itpreviouslywasheldinthefall,butduetoregionalwildfires,thefestivalhasbeenmovedtothespringthisyearandwillbeginonThursday,April21—intimetocelebrateEarthDayonFriday,April22—andrunthroughApril30.Hereareafewrecommendationsrelatedtoenvironmentalscience.ChangingShorelinesApril25,2022,6p.m.—7p.m.Thisin-persontourandwalkthroughthehistoryofsouthSanFrancisco'sshorelinewillbeanexplorationofhowbothclimatechangeandsea-levelrisehaveaffectedtheshiftsinourshorelines—andyou'lllearnaboutwaystoprotectthem.WildfirefromSpaceApril26,2022,7p.m.—8p.m.OurveryownKQEDevent,hostedbyRobertSimmonsfromPlanetLabs,offersvirtualandin-personopportunitiestolearnaboutwildfiresthroughsatelliteimagery.Seewildfiresfromspaceandlearnhowthelatestsatellitetechnologyhelpsagenciesandcommunitiesmanageemergencyresponseduringburns.VirtualTourofRecologyApril27,2022,1p.m.—2p.m.Whathappenstotheitemsyouplaceinyourroadsidebins?ThisvirtualeventwillhelpyoulearnaboutthehistoryofRecology,whatittakestorecycleallthatstuff,andwhatyoucandotocreatechangethathasimpact.GreywaterandWetlandsApril30,2022,2p.m.—4p.m.Thisin-persontouroftheEcoCenterwillexploreenvironmentaljusticethemesthroughthehistoryoftheBayview-HuntersPointneighborhood.You'lllearnhowashippingterminalbecamearestoredwetlandhabitat.Plus,you'llhaveachancetotransplantthenativesaltgrassthathelpsrestorewetlandsandprovideshabitatformigratingbirds.1．WhichofthefollowingisasuitabletimeforpeopletoattendtheScienceFestival?A．OnApril20. B．OnMay21. C．OnApril22. D．OnMay30.2．Ifyouareinterestedintherecyclingofhouseholdwaste,whicheventisthebestchoice?A．WildfirefromSpace. B．VirtualTourofRecology.C．ChangingShorelines. D．GreywaterandWetlands.3．Whatdothefoureventsatthefestivalhaveincommon?A．Theyareheldinthefallthisyear.B．Theyaredesignedforallteenagers.C．Theyarebothonlineandofflineactivities.D．Environmentalscienceisacommontheme.阅读下列短文。从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。DannyandSusiewerewalkingtoschoolwhenSusienoticedsomethingunderthebushes."Whatisthat?"Susieasked,asshepointedtoabush."Hmm,I'mnotsure."Dannyreacheddowntogetit.Itwasabook,anditlookedold.ThetitlewasBuriedTreasure.Hestartedlookingthroughthebook.Itwasfullofdifferentmapsthatweresupposedtoleadtoburiedtreasure."Wow,thisbooklooksgreat!"TheirfriendFredjoinedthemduringabreakatschool.Susieheldthebookandturnedthepages.Eachtreasuremaphadanexplanationforwhereitwasfound,andwhatthetreasurewassupposedtobe.Thestorieswereexciting,andSusie,DannyandFredlettheirmindsrunwild.Theywishedtherewereatreasuremapintheirtownforthemtoexplore.Whatafunadventurethatwouldbe!Theyweregettingtowardtheendofthebookwhenapieceofpaperfellout.Dannyopenedthepaper.Ithadthenameoftheirtownontop,anditwasamapoftheirtown!Therewasamarkingonthemap,whichmeantonething:treasure!Theyimmediatelydecidedtostarttheirownadventure!Theyfollowedthedirectionsandguidanceofthemapandfinallytheystoppedatapark."Wheredoyouthinkthetreasureis?"askedFred."Idon'tknow,butIhopeit'sgood!"saidDanny.Theystartedlookingaroundforhints.Finally,SusiecalledouttoDannyandFred,"Ifoundit!"Hangingonthetrunkofatalltreewasatinyglassbottle,inwhichtherewasamessage,saying"Thebesttreasureisgoodadventurewithgoodfriends!"Danny,FredandSusielookedateachother,smilingandnodding.4．WhichofthestatementisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．ItwasDannywhofirstnoticedthebook.B．FredjoinedDannyandSusieafterschool.C．Theyfoundamessagehiddeninatinyglassbottle.D．Theygotamapoftheirtownonceopeningthebook.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hints"inthelastparagraphmean?A．Trees. B．Clues. C．Maps. D．Bottles.6．Wheredidtheyfind"thebesttreasure"?A．Inthebottle. B．Onthetrunk.C．Atthepark. D．Throughtheadventure.7．Theauthorwrotethisarticlewiththepurposeof________.A．guidingpeopletofindtreasuremapsB．recommendinganinterestingbookC．callingonpeopletocherishfriendshipD．encouragingpeopletohuntfortreasure阅读下列短文。从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接触)withthegroundatalltimes.It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.8．Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A．Theymustrunlongdistances.B．Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C．Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D．Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.9．Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A．It'smorepopularattheOlympics.B．It'slesschallengingphysically.C．It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D．It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.10．WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A．Gettingexperts'opinions. B．Havingamedicalcheckup.C．Hiringanexperiencedcoach. D．Doingregularexercises.11．Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoracewalking?A．Skeptical. B．Objective. C．Tolerant. D．Conservative.阅读下列短文。从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Anewlydevelopeddisposablepaperbatterypromisestomakeabigimpactonsingle-useelectronics.Thebatterythathasbeendemonstratedbyresearchersisbiodegradable(可生物降解的),madefromsustainablematerials,andcheaptoputtogether.What'smore,itcanbeproducedinavarietyofshapesandsizesasneeded.Togiveanideaofthepower,atwo-cellbatterywasenoughtopoweranLCDalarmclock.Whileitwon'tbechargingupyourcomputeranytimesoon,there'slotsofpotentialforlow-poweredsensors."Wepresentaprintedpaperbatterydevelopedtopowersingle-usedisposableelectronicsandtoreducetheirenvironmentalimpacttothelowestlevel,"writetheresearchersintheirpublishedpaper.Thebatteryisbasedonametal-airelectrochemicalcell.Madefromsodiumchloridesalt-diffused(氯化钠盐扩散的)paper,itcanmeasureaslittleasonesquarecentimeter,andisbasedonprintedinks.Allthat'sneeded,then,isasmallamountofwater,aslittleastwodrops.Thisdissolvesthesaltswithinthepaper,andthenactivatesthebatteryastheytravel.Thebatterystartsproducingpoweraround20secondsafterwaterisadded,accordingtotheexperimentscarriedoutbytheteam.Althoughtheperformancedecreasesovertimeasthepaperdriesout,itcanbetoppeduptosomeextentwithmorewater.Theresearcherssaytheywanttoimprovetheefficiencyofthebatteryinthefuture,andgetitworkingforlonger."Witharisingawarenessofthee-wasteproblemandtheemergenceofsingle-useelectronicsforapplications,thereisagrowingneedforlowenvironmentalimpactbatteries,"writetheresearchers.12．Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutthepaperbatteryistrue?A．Itismadefromsingle-usematerials.B．Itiscostlytoputtogether.C．Itcanbeproducedindiverseshapes.D．Itcanbeusedtochargeupyourcomputer.13．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Howthepaperbatteryworks.B．Whatthepaperbatteryconsistsof.C．Whythepaperbatteryispopular.D．Wherethepaperbatterycanbeapplied.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"toppedup"inparagraph4mean?A．Declined B．Maintained C．Increased D．Changed15．Whatistheresearchers'attitudetowardsthefutureofthepaperbattery?A．Indifferent B．Pessimistic C．Cautious D．Promising二、任务型阅读(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。YoungAlisonTealneverrodeinapushchairorplayedonaswingontheplayground.16．ShesawtheviewfromatopapeakinPeruatjusttwomonthsoldonhermom'sback.Theytraveledtheglobestayingnotatfive-starhotelsbutinasix-foot-widetent.Frommountaintopstojungles,theyimmersed(沉浸)themselvesinlocalnatureandculture.BetweenjourneystheywouldreturnhometoquietpartoftheBigIslandofHawaii.Herfrontyardwastheocean,andherfriendsweredolphins.17．Alisonwoulddiveintothewaterandreleaseasealeaf.Adolphinwouldcatchitonitsnoseandthrowittothenextplayer.Overtheyears,thedolphinsgrewtotrustAlison.18．Sheletthemtaketheleadintheirinteractions.AfterstudyingattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyandthengraduatingfromafilmschool,Alisoncontinuedherworldtravels.HeradventurousexperienceandsurvivalskillslandedheraspotontherealityshowNakedandAfraid,inwhichsheandaco-constanthadtoliveonadesertedislandfor21days.Alison'sdeepknowledgeofhowtoliveinawildnesssavedthepair.19．"Afterthat,Icouldn'tignoreourplasticproblem,"saysAlison."Idecidedtoprotectourgreatestresource,theocean."AlongwithsharinghermissionwithherInstagramfollowers,theconservationistgaveaTEDtalkonherdiscover.20．Besides,shehelpedbanplasticbagsinCalifornia.Herbook,Alison'sAdventures:YourPassporttotheWorld,isfilledwithtraveltalesandenvironmentlessons.AlisonbelievesallofuscanmakechangestoprotecttheEarth.A.HowdidAlisonbecomeafilmmaker?B.Whatwastheirwayofplayingcatch?C.Shelaunchedalineofrecycledsurfboards.D.Atanearlyage,shebeganexploringtheworld.E.Therefore,theyapproachedherwhenevershewasinthewater.F.Shewasmostlyhome-schooledasthefamilytraveledtheglobe.G.Butwhatshockedherwastheamountofrubbishthatwashedupontheshore.三、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iremembertothisdaythefeelingofthecoldwindcausingmyearstohurt.However,thatdidn't21．meatthistime.ItwasHogmanayandthebaysofthetownwerecarryingoutthe22．ofgoingfromhousetohouseonthisspecialevening.ItisthoughtthatthetraditioncamefromtheVikingswhoweresettlersintheWesternIsles.Honestly,thatwasn't23．tome.Iwasoutandabouthaving24．.Therewereabout25housestovisitinmytownofNorthBoisdale.Thestarttimewas19:00andalltheboyswould25．atoneendofthetownandbeginto26．eachhouse.Eachpersonhadapillowcase(枕头套)thatwouldbefilledwithgoodies(好吃的东西)27．fromhouseholders.Outsideeachhouseonepersonwouldaskthemanofthehouseforpermission(许可)to28．.Onceinsidethehouseacandlewouldbelitbytheoldestboyinthegroupand29．thecandlewouldbepassedroundallfamilymembers.Afterthat,themotherofthehousewouldbringoutthe30．.Fruit,biscuitsandofcoursesweets.On31．eachhousetheoldestboyinthegroupwould32．thefamilyluckinthecomingyear.Afterbeingtoeachhousethepillowcaseswouldbe33．andheavyanditwasatthelasthousethatthefunbegan.Thepillowcaseswouldbe34．andthegoodiessharedoutequally.Thelasthousewouldalsoprovideasmallpartythatwould,35．beforemidnightsoalltheboyswerehomebeforethebells.21．A．trouble B．interest C．fit D．harm22．A．test B．service C．tradition D．program23．A．new B．possible C．wise D．important24．A．success B．experience C．fun D．help25．A．showoff B．lookaround C．runaway D．meetup26．A．visit B．clean C．find D．fill27．A．bought B．received C．stolen D．sent28．A．enter B．shout C．hide D．stop29．A．still B．again C．even D．then30．A．bags B．gifts C．pictures D．candles31．A．searching B．leaving C．painting D．protecting32．A．give B．remind C．lend D．wish33．A．safe B．full C．warm D．open34．A．discovered B．remembered C．emptied D．accepted35．A．begin B．finish C．continue D．change四、语法填空(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Manycitieshavelivemusicintheirparksduringthesummer.Butthere'saparkinDenmark36．peoplecanhearmusicallyearround—notonastagebutamongthetrees.Aspartof37．artprojectforpublicinAalborg,treesintheParkofMusichostthemusiconce38．(perform)bymusiciansatthenearbyculturalcenter.Itallstartedinthe1980swhenthecityaskedvisitingmusicianstoplantatree39．amemorialoftheirexcellentand40．(forget)performances.Sincethen,over80trees41．(plant)bymusiciansworldwide.In2012,someofthetreesbecameplayable.Itworkslikethis.42．(simple)pressthebuttonontheplaque(匾牌)bearingamusician'snamenexttothetree,andpeople43．(hear)apieceofthemusician'smusic.Allkindsofmusicfrom44．(artist)likeStingcanbeheard.Thetreesare"played"about300,000timesayear,45．(show)thepopularityoftheartproject.五、写作(共两节,满分40分)46．假定你是李华，市场、博物馆将于本周末举行中国民族乐器展（ChineseNationalMusicalInstrumentShow）。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的交换生朋友Tom一同前往参观，内容包括1）展览的时间和地点：2）展览的内容：3）展览的意义。注意：1）写作词数应为80左右；2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,Yours,LiHua47．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Justinandhisyoungersister,Lily,livedwiththeirparentsinapoorneighborhood.Theirmotherwasverysickandtheirfatherwasstrugglingtofindajob,andtheyhadonlyalittlemoneytobuyfood.Astheyhadnotpaidtherentforseveralmonths,thelandlordwasbreathingdowntheirnecks.Oneday,JustintookLily'sshoestoashoerepairmantohavethemfixed,buthelostthemonthewayhome.Itwasn'tuntilhegothomethatherealizedhehadlosttheshoes.Hewasafraidthathisparentswouldbeangryanddisappointed,sohebeggedhissistertokeepitsecret.LilyagreedandthetwodecidedtoshareJustin'srunningshoes.Lily'sschoolhourswereinthemorning,soshewouldwearthemfirst.Afterschool,shewouldrushbackandgivethemtoJustin.Hecouldthenruntohisschool,whichbeganintheafternoon.Althoughheranasfastashecould,Justinoftenarrivedlateandwaswarnedbytheschool.Alongdistanceracewasgoingtobeheldfortheboysinthecity.WhenJustinlearnedthatthethirdprizewasanewpairofshoes,hedecidedtotakepart.Heranhomeexcitedlyandpromisedhissisterthathewouldwinherthenewshoes.Thedayoftheracearrived.Justinhadastrongstart,buthalfwaythroughtheracehebegantogettiredandhislegsbegantoache.Gettingmoreandmoreexhausted,hethoughtonlyofLilyandhispromisetoher.Dreamingofthenewshoeshewouldwinforhissistergavehimstrength,andhestayedrightbehindthetwofastestrunners,determinedtofinishthird.Suddenly,asthefinishlinedrewnear,anotherrunnercollided(碰撞)withJustinfrombehindandJustincrashedtotheground.Paragraph1:Justinlookedupandhesawtheotherboysrushingahead.Paragraph2:Filledwithpleasure,Justinwalkedhomeinnotime.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了湾区科学节上的几个与环境科学有关的活动推荐。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Itpreviouslywasheldinthefall,butduetoregionalwildfires,thefestivalhasbeenmovedtothespringthisyearandwillbeginonThursday,April21—intimetocelebrateEarthDayonFriday,April22—andrunthroughApril30.”之前的庆祝活动是在秋天举行的，但由于当地的森林大火，今年的庆祝活动被推迟到了春季，并将于4月21日(星期四)开始，以及庆祝4月22日(星期五)的地球日，一直持续到4月30日。可知，科学节从4月21日开始，一直持续到4月30日。所以4月22日适合人们参加科学节。故选C。2．考查细节理解。根据VirtualTourofRecology部分中的“Whathappenstotheitemsyouplaceinyourroadsidebins?ThisvirtualeventwillhelpyoulearnaboutthehistoryofRecology,whatittakestorecycleallthatstuff,andwhatyoucandotocreatechangethathasimpact.”你放在路边垃圾桶里的东西怎么办？这个虚拟活动将帮助你了解再生学的历史，回收所有这些东西需要什么，以及你可以做什么来创造有影响力的改变。可知，对循环再造家居废物有兴趣的人，可以参加这个活动。故选B。3．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Hereareafewrecommendationsrelatedtoenvironmentalscience.”这里有一些与环境科学有关的推荐。可知，这4个活动的共同特点是他们的主题都是环境科学。故选D。【答案】4．C5．B6．D7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了几个朋友在上学的路上发现了一本名为《埋藏的宝藏》的书；根据书中提供的线索，他们开始寻宝，最终发现最好的宝藏是和好朋友一起去冒险。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Hangingonthetrunkofatalltreewasatinyglassbottle,inwhichtherewasamessage”在一棵高大的树的树干上挂着一个小玻璃瓶，里面有一封信。可知他们在一个小玻璃瓶里发现了一条信息。故选C。5．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Finally,SusiecalledouttoDannyandFred,‘Ifoundit!'”最后，苏西对丹尼和弗雷德喊道，我找到了。可知他们是在寻找线索，可推断划线词hints是“线索”之意，与clues同义。故选B。6．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Hangingonthetrunkofatalltreewasatinyglassbottle,inwhichtherewasamessage,saying‘Thebesttreasureisgoodadventurewithgoodfriends!'”在一棵高大的树的树干上挂着一个小玻璃瓶，上面写着：“最好的宝藏是和好朋友一起去冒险!”可知最好的宝藏是和好朋友一起去冒险。故选D。7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“‘Thebesttreasureisgoodadventurewithgoodfriends!'Danny,FredandSusielookedateachother,smilingandnodding.”最好的财富就是和好朋友一起去冒险!丹尼、弗雷德和苏茜面面相觑，微笑着点头；以及主要讲述了几个朋友在上学的路上发现了一本名为《埋藏的宝藏》的书；根据书中提供的线索，他们开始寻宝，最终发现最好的宝藏是和好朋友一起去冒险。这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们珍惜友谊。故选C。【答案】8．C9．D10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇运动类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontactwiththegroundatalltimes.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C。9．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。所以说，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D。10．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique.”事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。可知，Dr.Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A。11．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.”可知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B。【答案】12．C13．A14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新开发的一次性纸电池。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“What'smore,itcanbeproducedinavarietyofshapesandsizesasneeded.”更重要的是，它可以根据需要生产出各种形状和大小。可知，纸电池可以制作成各种形状。故选C。13．考查段落大意。根据第三段中的“Thebatteryisbasedonametal-airelectrochemicalcell.Madefromsodiumchloridesalt-diffused(氯化钠盐扩散的)paper,itcanmeasureaslittleasonesquarecentimeter,andisbasedonprintedinks.Allthat'sneeded,then,isasmallamountofwater,aslittleastwodrops.Thisdissolvesthesaltswithinthepaper,andthenactivatesthebatteryastheytravel.”这种电池是基于金属—空气电化学电池。它由氯化钠盐扩散纸制成，最小可达一平方厘米，并以印刷油墨为基础。那么，所需要的只是少量的水，只有两滴。这会溶解纸中的盐，然后在它们移动的过程中激活电池。可知，本段主要讲解的是纸电池的工作原理。故选A。14．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Althoughtheperformancedecreasesovertimeasthepaperdriesout.”尽管随着时间的推移，纸张变干，性能会下降；以及“withmorewater”用更多的水；和“Theresearcherssaytheywanttoimprovetheefficiencyofthebatteryinthefuture,andgetitworkingforlonger.”研究人员说，他们希望在未来提高电池的效率，并使其工作时间更长。可知，使用更多的水可以在一定程度上提高性能。可推知划线部分toppedup和increased“增加”含义一致。故选C。15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Witharisingawarenessofthee-wasteproblemandtheemergenceofsingle-useelectronicsforapplications,thereisagrowingneedforlowenvironmentalimpactbatteries”随着人们对电子垃圾问题的认识不断提高，以及一次性电子产品应用的出现，对低环境影响电池的需求越来越大。可知，研究人员认为未来纸电池是有希望的。故选D。【答案】16．D；17．B；18．E；19．G；20．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了来自美国的AlisonTeal从小跟随父母周游世界,当她发现海洋污染这一问题后，决定投身于环保事业。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇故事类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空后“ShesawtheviewfromatopapeakinPeruatjusttwomonthsoldonhermom'sback.”她在秘鲁的一座山峰上看到了她母亲背上两个月大的风景。可知，AlisonTeal很小就跟着父母旅行，D.Atanearlyage,shebeganexploringtheworld.“在很小的时候，她就开始探索世界”符合语境。其中atanearlyage与后文的atjusttwomonths相呼应。故选D。17．根据空后“Alisonwoulddiveintothewaterandreleaseasealeaf.Adolphinwouldcatchitonitsnoseandthrowittothenextplayer.”Alison会潜入水中，释放出一片海叶。海豚会用鼻子抓住它，把它扔给下一个玩伴。可知，这里在描述Alison怎么和海豚玩，B.Whatwastheirwayofplayingcatch?“他们玩接球的方式是什么？”符合语境，其中catch与后文对应，且本句有启下作用。故选B。18．根据空前“Overtheyears,thedolphinsgrewtotrustAlison.”多年来，海豚逐渐信任Alison。可知，海豚开始信任Alison。E.Therefore,theyapproachedherwhenevershewasinthewater.“因此，只要她在水里，它们就会靠近她”符合语境，其中they是代前文thedolphins，前后这两句也有因果关系。故选E。19．根据空后“‘Afterthat,Icouldn'tignoreourplasticproblem,'saysAlison.‘Idecidedtoprotectourgreatestresource,theocean.'”“从那以后，我无法忽视我们的塑料问题，”艾莉森说。“我决定保护我们最重要的资源，海洋。”；以及结合上文可知，真人秀节目使她把目标转向了环保，G.Butwhatshockedherwastheamountofrubbishthatwashedupontheshore.“但令她震惊的是冲上岸的垃圾数量”符合语境。其中theamountofrubbishthatwashedupontheshore和后文protectourgreatestresource,theocean对应。故选G。20．根据空前“theconservationistgaveaTEDtalkonherdiscover”环保主义者就她的发现发表了TED演讲；以及空后“Besides,shehelpedbanplasticbagsinCalifornia”此外，她还帮助禁止在加利福尼亚州使用塑料袋。可知,这里主要讲她为环保做出了努力。C.Shelaunchedalineofrecycledsurfboards.“她推出了一系列可回收冲浪板”也是讲述她为环保作了的努力，符合语境。故选C。【答案】21．A；22．C；23．D；24．C；25．D；26．A；27．B；28．A；29．D；30．B；31．B；32．D；33．B；34．C；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者描述了自己所在小镇除夕夜的传统习俗。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：然而，这并没有困扰我。A.trouble“麻烦”；B.interest“兴趣”；C.fit“合适”；D.harm“伤害”。根据上文“Iremembertothisdaythefeelingofthecoldwindcausingmyearstohurt.”直到今天我还记得寒冷使我的耳朵受伤的感觉。可知，虽然我耳朵被冻伤了，然而我并没有被这种感觉所困扰。故选A。22．句意：在这个特别的夜晚，小镇的海湾上挨家挨户都按传统过着节。A.test“测试”；B.service“服务”；C.tradition“传统”；D.program“节目”。根据下文“ItisthoughtthatthetraditioncamefromtheVikingswhoweresettlersintheWesternIsles.”人们认为，这个传统来自于在西部岛屿上定居的维京人。可知，来自维京人的传统就是指此句中Hogmanay小镇上的这个传统。故选C。23．句意：诚实地说，那对于我并不重要。A.new“新的”；B.possible“可能的”；C.wise“明智的”；D.important“重要的”。此处的that指代该传统的起源；再根据下文“Iwasoutandabouthaving4.”可知我出来玩，并且很开心，所以这些传统的起源对我并不重要。故选D。24．句意：我出来玩，并且很开心。A.success“成功”；B.experience“经验”；C.fun“乐趣”；D.help“帮助”。根据上文“Honestly,thatwasn't3tome.”可知这些传统的起源对我并不重要，重要的是我能出来玩，并且很开心。故选C。25．句意：开始的时间是19点，所有的男孩都会在城镇的一端见面，开始拜访每一所房子。A.showoff“炫耀”；B.lookaround“环顾”；C.runaway“逃跑”；D.meetup“见面”。根据空前“alltheboys”所有的男孩子，是指有很多人，所以要先会面，再开始一起去拜访每一所房子。故选D。26．句意：开始的时间是19点，所有的男孩都会在城镇的一端见面，开始拜访每一所房子。A.visit“拜访”；B.clean“清理”；C.find“发现”；D.fill“占满”。根据上文“Therewereabout25housestovisitinmytownofNorthBoisdale.”在我住的NorthBoisdale镇，大约有25所房子可以拜访。可知，孩子们聚在一起是来拜访每一家的。故选A。27．句意：每个人都有一个枕套，里面装满了从住户那里收到的好吃的东西。A.bought“买”；B.received“收到”；C.stolen“偷”；D.sent“送”。根据下文“Afterthat,themotherofthehousewouldbringoutthe10”可知房子的主人送了很多礼物给他们，所以说他们的枕套里装满了从住户那里收到的好吃的东西。故选B。28．句意：在每个房子外面，都会有一个人请求房子里的人允许我们进入。A.enter“进入”；B.shout“喊”；C.hide“隐藏”；D.stop“停止”。根据空前“Outsideeachhouse”及下文中的“Onceinsidethehouse”可知，男孩子们要征得主人的许可方可进入。故选A。29．句意：一旦进入房子，小组中最大的男孩就会点燃蜡烛，然后蜡烛就会传过所有的家庭成员。A.still“仍然”；B.again“再一次”；C.even“甚至”；D.then“然后”。男孩们进屋后的动作是连续的，先点然蜡烛，然后再传递蜡烛。用then来叙述事情的发展。故选D。30．句意：在那之后，这家的母亲会拿出礼物。A.bags“袋子”；B.gifts“礼物”；C.pictures“图片”；D.candles“蜡烛”。根据下文“Fruit,biscuitsandofcoursesweets.”水果，饼干，当然还有糖果。可知，这家的母亲拿出的是招待大家的礼物。故选B。31．句意：在离开每个房子时，团队中最大的男孩会祝福这一家人在明年好运。A.searching“搜索”；B.leaving“离开”；C.painting“绘画”；D.protecting“保护”。因为男孩们先进入一家，点燃蜡烛，传递蜡烛，分发礼物，所以按照时间顺序，最后在他们离开之前再送上祝福。故选B。32．句意：在离开每个房子时，团队中最大的男孩会祝福这一家人在明年好运。A.give“给”；B.remind“提醒”；C.lend“借给”；D.wish“祝愿”。根据空后“thefamilyluckinthecomingyear”可知，男孩们在离开这家之前，祝福这一家人好运。故选D。33．句意：到了每所房子后，枕套就会又满又重。A.safe“安全的”；B.full“满的”；C.warm“温暖的”；D.open“开放的”。根据上文“Eachpersonhadapillowcase(枕头套)thatwouldbefilledwithgoodies(好吃的东西)7fromhouseholders.”可知，枕套里会被装满好吃的，又满又重。故选B。34．句意：枕套会被清空，糖果会平均分配。A.discovered“发现”；B.remembered“记得”；C.emptied“清空”；D.accepted“接受”。根据空后“thegoodiessharedoutequally.”可知枕套中的好吃的被平均分配了，所以男孩们要先把枕套里的东西倒出来，再进行分配。故选C。35．句意：最后一家还将提供一个小聚会，在午夜前完成，以便所有的男孩能在钟声响起之前回家。A.begin“开始”；B.finish“完成”；C.continue“继续”；D.change“改变”。根据空后“soalltheboyswerehomebeforethebells.”可知所有的男孩们要在钟声响起之前回家，所以这个小聚会要在午夜前完成，好让男孩们回家。故选B。【答案】36．where；37．an；38．performed；39．as；40．unforgettable；41．havebeenplanted；42．Simply；43．willhear/canhear；44．artists；45．showing【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丹麦一个公园的树木承载着附近文化中心音乐家们曾经演奏过的音乐。只需按下树旁标有音乐家名字的牌匾上的按钮，人们就会听到这位音乐家的一段音乐。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及定语从句，冠词，非谓语动词，介词，形容词，时态语态，副词，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。36．句意：但在丹麦有一个公园，人们一年四季都能听到音乐——不是在舞台上，而是在树林里。peoplecanhearmusicallyearround是限制性定语从句，先行词是park，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。37．句意：作为奥尔堡公共艺术项目的一部分，音乐公园的树木承载着附近文化中心音乐家们曾经演奏过的音乐。project为可数名词，此处为泛指，且art是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。38．句意：作为奥尔堡公共艺术项目的一部分，音乐公园的树木承载着附近文化中心音乐家们曾经演奏过的音乐。perform与music是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填performed。39．句意：这一切始于20世纪80年代，当时该市要求来访的音乐家种植一棵树，以纪念他们出色而难忘的表演。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。40．句意：这一切始于20世纪80年代，当时该市要求来访的音乐家种植一棵树，以纪念他们出色而难忘的表演。根据句意可知，此处与excellent是并列成分，应用形容词unforgettable，修饰名词performances，作定语。故填unforgettable。41．句意：从那时起，世界各地的音乐家已经种植了80多棵树。主语over80trees与谓语plant构成被动关系，结合上文sincethen可知，此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为ove