陕西2020-2024年中考英语五年真题汇编学生版-专题09 阅读七选五

陕西2020-2024年中考英语五年真题汇编学生版——专题09阅读七选五【五年考情回顾】年份体裁主题内容2024年说明文本文介绍了亚马逊热带雨林。2023年说明文本文是一篇说明文，介绍农家机器人可以减少化学污染。2022年说明文本文主要介绍了龙卷风季节，以及龙卷风来临时人们应该做什么。2021年说明文本文主要介绍了我们为什么需要睡眠，睡眠的时间，梦游以及动物睡觉的情况。2020年说明文文章讲述人们住在河流附近的原因，过去河流是如何帮助人们的，现在为什么仍有人住在河流附近，河流会出现的问题和人不想住在河流附近的原因以及人们选择住在哪里考虑的因素。（2024·陕西·中考真题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Rainforestsareforeststhatgetalotofrain.Itcanrainmorethanoneinch(=2.54cm)perday!Therearetropical(热带的)rainforestsallovertheworld.1Theyareverywarm.TheAmazonisinSouthAmerica.Itisthebiggestrainforestintheworld.MorethanhalfoftherainforestisinBrazil.2ManyplantsandanimalsliveintheAmazon.Therearemorekindsofplantsandanimalstherethananywhereelseintheworld.Thebiggestmixofplantsandanimalsliveinthecanopy(遮篷).3Thecanopykeepsoffmostofthesunlight.Therainforestfloorisverydark.4Therearemorethan400differentnativetribes(土著部落)!Nativepeopleusedtostayintherainforest.Theyfoundfoodandbuilthomesthere.Theymademedicinefromplants.Nowtheysometimesleave.Theygointonearbytownstosellfood.Still,theyliveintheirownways.Today,theAmazonisfacedwiththeproblemofdeforestation.Thismeansthattoomanytreesarecutdownbyhumansand5Whatcanwedotoprotecttherainforestandthewildlifethere?A．Thecanopyisathickcoatoftrees.B．Theyarefoundneartheequator(赤道).C．itbringsharmfulresultstothewildlifeintheAmazon.D．itmakesmorespacefortheanimalsintheAmazontolivein.E．Theyhavefoundsomewildlifeneartheequator.F．Therestspreadsacrosseightothercountries.G．PeopleliveintheAmazontoo.（2023·陕西·中考真题）Farmyardrobotscancutdownchemicalpollution.6?Manyofthemusechemicalstokillweeds(杂草).Thetroubleis,theseweedkillersalsokillwildlife,polluteriversandarebadforthefields.7.Thiskindofrobotcancutweedkilleruseby90%.Therobotisreallysmartbecauseitonlykillsweedsbutnotcrops(庄稼).8?Severalcamerasarebuiltintotherobot.Thecamerasfacingthegroundtakephotostohelptherobot“see”theplantsitpasses.Therobotcompareseachphototoalibraryofplantphotostodecideonwhichplantsareweeds.Robotarmsmoveintopositiontogiveasmalldose(剂量)ofweedkillerontheweeds.Therobotisenergy-friendly.9.HowtherobotwilldevelopThescientistsdonotwanttojuststopattheachievementtheyhavemade.10.Theimprovedmodelofrobotswillexactlydiscoverweedsanddigthemoutinsteadofweedkillers.Robotscouldbeprogrammedtoleavesomeharmlessweedsinthefieldstosupportwildlifelivingthere.A．ButscientistshavecreatedafarmyardrobotB．ItispoweredbytheenergyfromthesunC．WheretherobotisusedD．They’reworkingonthenewdesignstoimprovethemodelE．HowtherobotworksF．WhydofarmerschoosetherobottoworkintheirfieldsG．Howdofarmersusuallykillweedsinthefields（2022·陕西·中考真题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EveryyearintheU.S,thereareabout500tornadoes,anaturaldisaster(灾害；灾难),fromTexasthroughOklahoma,Kansas,Nebraska,lowaandintoSouthDakota.11.The“tornadoseason”isusuallyinspring,butthepeopleinTormadoAlleyarealwaysreadyforthemandtheyalwayslistentothenews.Whenthewarningscome,12.Theyfindsomewheresafetostay.Athome,thebestplaceisthebasement—aroomthatisusedtostorethingsundertheleveloftheground.Ifthereisnobasement,aroomwithoutwindowslikethebathroomisalsoasafeplace.“13sothatwecangetreadyandwon’tfeelafraidwhenthere’satornado,”saysTiffanyTaylor,ahighschoolstudentfromTexas.“There’snobasementatmyschool,soweusuallygotothehallwaysonthelowestfloors.Ofcourse,weneversitnearthewindows.”Afterthetornado,peoplefirstchecktoseeifitissafetogooutandthentheycheckthebuildingsandtheareafordamage(破坏).14!InChina,wearenotsooftentroubledbytornadoes,butwedohavedisasterslikeearthquakes,oranunexpectedfire.Itisimportanttoknowhowtokeepussafewhenadisasterhappens.Remember:inordertostaysafeinnaturaldisasters,15.Forexample,we’dbetterkeepdisasterplansinmindandpracticeoften.A．peoplefollowtheirdisasterplansB．AndusuallythereisalotofdamageC．ThisisbecausetherearealotoftornadoesD．Atschool,weoftenhavepracticeE．peoplerunoutoftheirhomeswithfearF．weshouldgetwellpreparedG．That’swhythisareaiscalled“TornadoAlley”（2021·陕西·中考真题）Doyouknowthereasonwhywefeeltiredinthemiddleofaclass?Maybeyouwouldsayitisbecausetheteacher’sclassisboring.16Perhapsthisissomethingyouhavenotpaidenoughattentiontoornotyetnoticed.Purposeofsleep17Sleephelpsourbodyheal（修复）,grow,andstayhealthy.Italsogivesusenergy,sowecanbeactiveallday.Doctorsandhealthscientistssay:Whenyoucloseyoureyesandneedtorest,sleepisjusttheverybest!Thisismorethanadvice.SleeptimeEnoughsleepisimportanttous.Howmuchsleepdoweneed?New-bornbabiessleepmostofthetime.Theycansleep20—22hoursaday.Childrenneed10—12hoursofsleepaday.Teenagersneed8—10hoursofsleepadaybecausetheyneedlotsofenergytogrowintotheiradult（成人的）bodies.Grown-upsusuallyneed6—8hoursofsleeptokeepactive.18Thatiswhyoldpeoplesleeplessthanyoungpeople.

InterestingfactsAlmosteveryonehastheirdreamswhiletheysleep,butnotallofthemcantelltheirdreamsclearlywhentheywakeup.19Moresurprisingly,somemayevengetupintheirdreamsandwalkaround.Thisiscalled“sleepwalking”.Areyouasleepwalker?Or,isthereasleepwalkeraroundyou?20It’snotjustpeoplethatlovetosnooze（打盹）.Infact,manyanimalshaveunusualorsurprisingsleepinghabits.Someanimals,suchasbearsandhedgehogs,sleepallthroughwinter.Theswiftisaveryfastbirdthatcansleepwhileitflies!Cutekoalassleeparound18hoursaday.Giraffesdon’tneedmuchsleepatall.Theyusuallysleepstandingup.A．SleepyanimalsB．Whydoweneedsleep?C．Somepeopletalkintheirdreams.D．However,therealreasonisprobablythatwedon’thaveenoughsleep.E．Theolderyouget,thelesssleepyouwillneed.F．Somepeopleneverdreamwhiletheysleep.G．Cleveranimals（2020·陕西·中考真题）WhyLiveNeartheRiver?Imaginepioneerstravelingwestinthe1800s.Inthosedays,itwashardtofindrunningwaterandshopswheretobuythings.Astimewentby,mostpioneershadtomaketheirhomesnearariversothattheycouldgetwatereasily.Howdidrivershelppeopleliveinthepast?Backinthepioneerdays,peoplegrewtheirownfood,caughttheirownfish,andcollectedtheirownwater.21Peoplealsousedriversasroads,travelingonboats.Tradersshippedgoods(货物)topeoplefromotherareas.22Whenbuildingmanyfactoriesrightnexttoriversforthewater’spowertomakemachineswork,somepeoplechoosetolivenearariverforworking.Theyusetherivertoshiplargegoods,andsomeofthemworkatthesefactorieswherepowerfactoriesprovideelectricitytohomesandbusinesses.23Whowouldn’twanttolivenearariver?Somepeoplearenervousaboutlivingnearriversbecauseriverscancausefloods(洪水).Everyonceinawhile,floodwatersrisehigherthanahouse,ruining(泡坏)manythingsinthehouse.24Suchwastecauseswatertosmellbadandpollutesthecrops(庄稼)weeat.Waterandcropsinpollutedareascanmakepeopleverysick.Howdopeopledecidewheretolive?25Riverscanprovidejobsandfunactivitiesinabeautifulplace.However,thoselivingbyriversshouldbewillingtoacceptpossibleproblemsaswell.A．Whydopeoplelivenearriversnow?B．Whydidpeoplewanttolivenearariver?C．Somefactoriesputtheirwasteintorivers.D．Stayingclosetoariverwaseasytogetwaterforliving.E．Somefactoriesstopwastewaterfromrunningintorivers.F．Peoplewhocarrygoodsontoshipsliveneartheriver,too.G．Peopleshouldthinkoverthepossiblerisksbeforedecidingwheretolive.（2024·陕西商洛·三模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Bananasdon’tgrowontrees.Theygrowonastalk(茎)thatlooksjustalittlelikeastalkofcorn.Thestalkissoftenoughtobecutwithaknife.Ittakesaboutayearbeforebananasarereadytobepicked.Someareassmallasfingers.26.Somebananaplantsgrowastallasahouse—eventaller!27.Somenevergetsweet,andtheyarecookedasakindofvegetable.Thetastyfruitdoesn’tcomefromaseedbutfromarootplanteddeepintheground.First,astalkpushesupintotheair.28.Inthebeginning,thebananaplantgrowsveryfast—sometimesasmuchasthelengthofyourfeetinonenight.Soon,sweet-smellingflowerscomeout,andwhentheirflowersdropoff,bananasbegintogrow.Astheygetbigger,bananasstartturningup(卷起来).29!Bananasarereadytoeatwhentheyturnsoftandyellow.Bananasarepickedlongbeforethis——whenthey’rehardandgreen.Thisisbecausebananashavetotravelmanymilesbeforetheyarriveatastore.30.Therearespecialboatsjustforbananasandspecialtrainsthatkeepthemjustcoolenoughsothattheywillgetripe(成熟的)whiletraveling.Ifbananasarepickedwhentheyareripe,theywillspoilontheway.A．ThentheleavesgrowB．NotallbananasareeatenasfruitC．AlongtimeisspentpickingbananasD．Itlooksasifthey’regrowingupsidedownE．ManypeoplelikeeatingbananasF．Othersareaslongasmen、’sarmsG．Onboatsandtrainsbananastravelallovertheworld（2024·陕西宝鸡·三模）Saygoodbyetospringfatigue(春困)Thesunisshining,theflowersaresmiling—afterthecold,darknights,we’reallhappytowelcomespring.Whileothersareoutenjoyingthesun,you’refeelingsleepierthanever.31?Somepeoplecallitspringfatigue.Andyou’renotaloneifspringtimeisnoteasyforyou.Here’swhatyoucandoaboutit.Don’toversleepItmaysoundstrange,butoversleepingdoesn’tleadtomoreenergy.32.Forthatreason,youshouldtrytogetenoughqualitysleeptofeelyourbest.Andthatisusuallyaround7-8hourseverynight.33Spendingmoretimeoutdoorsduringthedaycanmakeiteasierforyoutofeellesssleepy.Youcantakealunchbreakoutside,walktoschool,orgoforaquickmorningwalktogetyourdaystarted.34ifyouhaveabusydaywithlittletimetospendoutdoors.ExercisemoreIknowyou’veheardofthistiptoomanytimes.Butexercisingisreallygoodinthespring,especiallyinthemorninghours.35.Ifsportsaren’tyourthing,tryingtogetoffthebusonestopearliereverydayisagoodstart.A．GetenoughsleepB．SpendmoretimeoutdoorsC．What’sthematterwiththatD．Whydon’tyousleepearlierthanbeforeE．DoingsportslikerunningorbikingcangetoverfatigueF．Trytogetbrightmorningsunlightonyourfacefor10-15minutesG．Studieshaveshownthatsleepingtoomuchcanmakeyoufeeltired（2024·陕西咸阳·三模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthepasttwoyears,the“AIfacechange”hasbecomeahottopic.AIfacechangereferstochangingotherpeople’sfacesintotheirownthroughAIsmarttechnology.Criminals(罪犯)willusethetechnologytocheatpeople,whichoftencausesgreatlossesinashortperiodoftime.36CriminalscangetapictureoravideoevenourvoicethroughsomeappsthatweusetohavefunintheInternet.37MovehandsinfrontofthefaceDuringavideocall,youcanaskthepersontomovehishandinfrontofhisface.38Andyoucanseethefaceshakingonthescreenoryoucanrequirehimtopresshisnoseorcheek.Whenarealpersondoesthis,hisnosewillnaturallychangetheshape.TalksecretlyIncommunication,39Orfortheunknownperson,suchastheso-calledleaderorfriends,youcancheckthembycallingoraskingrelativesandfriendsyou’refamiliarwith.40Doagoodjobofdailyinformation,suchasphone’ssecurityprotection.Strengthentheface,voiceprint(声纹)andfingerprint.Don’tenterintounknownwebsitesandloadtheunknownapps.A．Saveyoursparetime.B．Watchoutyourphone.C．Thebehaviorcanbreakthefacial(面部的)system.D．Whydotheychangefaces?E．Herearesometipstohelpprevent.F．Howdotheysucceed?G．youcanasksomequestionsthatonlythepersonknowstocheckifheisrealorunreal.（2024·陕西渭南·二模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nomatterwhatyouwanttodowithyourlife,you’llneedaneducationfirst.Youmakeyourownfuture.Youwanttobeadoctor,ateacher,orapoliceofficer?41.Andwhatyou’relearninginschooltodaywilldecidewhetheryourcountrycanmeetthegreatestchallengeinthefuture.Itseemsquiteclearthatifpeoplewanttobesuccessful,theymustworkhardandkeeptryingevenwhentheymeetdifficulties.42.Someofthemostsuccessfulpeopleintheworldaretheoneswho’vehadthemostfailures.Forexample,thefirstbookofJ.K.Rowling,thewriterofHarryPotter,wasrefused12timesbeforeitwasfinallypublished(出版).43.Helosthundredsofgamesandthousandsofshotsduringhiscareer.Buthesaid,“Ihavefailedoverandoveragaininmylife.Butthat’swhyIsucceed.”44becausetheyknewthefailureswerethemotheroftheirsuccess.Soifyougetabadgrade,thatdoesn’tmeanyou’restupid.Infact,youneedtospendmoretimestudying.Iexpectyoutoputyourbesteffortintoeverythingyoudo.Sodon’tletusdown,don’tletyourfamilyorcountrydown.Mostimportantly,45A．ThesepeoplecouldsucceedB．Butinfact,beingsuccessfulishardC．MichaelJordanwasoncekickedoffhishighschoolbasketballteamD．Aslongasthereisahope,weshouldnevergiveupE．wecan’tdoeverythingbyourselvesF．Agoodeducationisrequiredforeverysingleoneofthosecareers(职业)G．don’tletyourselfdown（2024·陕西榆林·二模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Hangzhou,togetherwithfiveothercitiesinZhejiang,hassuccessfullyhostedthe19thAsianGamesfromSept23,2023toOct8,2023.TheGameswerethought“smart”withtheuseofmanyexcitingtechnologies.46!Thevenue(场地)forthetennisfinalsoftheHangzhouAsianGamesissometimescalledthe“SmallLotus”.47.Thesepetalscanopenandclosefreelythougheachofthemweighs160tons.It’sbuiltthiswayfordifferentkindsofweather.48?Whentheathletesneededfirstaid,drones(无人机)wereusedtosendthingsover.Theycouldflyasfaras20kilometersandtravel16metersinonesecond.Usingadronesavedabout60percentofthetime.IfyouareinHangzhouandgoingtovisitthevenue,itwillbesadifyoucan’tfindyourway.ARisheretohelp.ThereisaminiprogramthatprovidesuswithARservice.Yousimplyturnonyourphone’scameraand49.Youcanalsogetmoreinformationaboutthevenueasyouwalkby.Technologymadethe19thAsianGamesverysmartandconvenient.50.Wehopewecanseemore“smart”gamesinthefuture.A．HowweretheaccidentsdealtwithB．WhyshouldwepaymoreattentiontoHangzhouC．ThegameslefttheworldagreatmemoryD．Let’shavealookE．youwillknowalotaboutAsianGamesportsF．Onthetopofthevenue,thereareeight“petals”(花瓣)G．itwillknowwhereyouareandthenshowyoutheway（2024·陕西榆林·二模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoumakeyourbedeverymorning?51,butdon’tlookdownonthebenefitsofmakingtheactahabit.Thisisgoodforbothyourphysicalandmentalhealth(身心健康).Firstofall,makingyourbedcanbeyourfirststeptowardshavingasuccessfulday,Tidyingupyourbedmayonlytakeafewminutes,butthiscanbeyourfirsttaskoftheday.52.Andthiswillencourageyoutomoveontoothertasks.53.Poorsleepenvironmentincludesnotonlynoiseandlight,butalsoanuntidybed.Inotherwords,anuntidybedwilldistract(分散注意力)youandkeepyoufromfallingasleep.However,keepingyourbedroomcleanandcomfortablewillhelpyousleepbetteratnight.Howcanyoumakebed-makingadailyhabitthen?54.Youcantrymakingyourbedafterbrushingyourteeth,forexample.Somepeoplealsosetalarmsontheirphonestoremindthemtomaketheirbeds.Whateverwayyouwanttotake,55.Itcangetyourday