广东省茂名市电白区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试卷

广东省茂名市电白区20222023学年高一上学期期末英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读理解阅读理解Ifyou'dliketogosightseeing,thefollowingWorldHeritagesites(世界遗产保护地)maybeyourbestchoices.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestAreaJiuzhaigouValley,whichliesinthenorthernpartofSichuanProvince,China,reachesaheightofmorethan4,800m,withaseriesofdifferentforestecosystems(生态系统).It'sparticularlyfamousforitsnarrowlandformsandexcellentwaterfalls.Some140kindsofbirdsalsoliveinthevalley,aswellasanumberofendangeredplantsandanimals,includingthegiantpanda.JiuzhaigouValleywasrecognizedasaWorldHeritagesitebyUNESCOin1992.KhamiRuinsNationalMonumentThecityofKhami,whichdevelopedafterthecapitalofGreatZimbabwehadbeengivenupinthemid-16thcentury,isofgreatarchaeological(考古的)interest.ThediscoveryofobjectsfromEuropeandChinashowsthatKhamiwasamajorcentrefortradeoveralongperiodoftime.ItjoinedtheWorldHeritageListin1986.HendersonIslandHendersonIsland,whichliesintheeasternSouthPacific,isoneofthefewatolls(环礁)intheworldwhoseecology(生态)hasbeenuntouchedbyhumans.Itisparticularlyfamousforthe10plantsand4birdsthatcanonlybeseenontheisland.ItwasrecordedintheWorldHeritageListin1988.OldCityofJerusalemAsaholy(神圣的)cityforthreedifferentreligionsintheMiddleEast,Jerusalemhasalwaysbeenofgreatreligiousimportance.ItwasgivenaWorldHeritageStatusin1981andplacedonthe"WorldHeritageinDangerList"thefollowingyear.1．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutJiuzhaigouValley?A．Itisfamousformanyancientobjects.B．Wonderfulwaterfallscanbeseenthere.C．Ithasbeenuntouchedbyhumanbeings.D．ItliesintheeasternSouthPacific.2．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatJerusalem______.A．wasruinedinthemid-16thcenturyB．wasoncebusinesscenterfortradeC．isaholycityforthreemajorreligionsD．hasover140kindsofbirdslivingthere3．Accordingtothepassage,whichWorldHeritagesitewasmostrecentlyset?A．JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea.B．KhamiRuinsNationalMonument.C．OldCityofJerusalem.D．HendersonIsland.阅读理解Onenight,PilarwasinadeepsleepwhenshewaswokenbyhercatInti.IntiwasmeowingwildlyoutsidePilar'sbedroomandthrowinghimselfagainsttheclosedbedroomdoor.WhenPilaropenedhereyes,shesawthatherbedroomwasfilledwithsmoke.AssheescapedherhousewithIntiinherarms,shesawthatafirewasburninginherkitchen.Pilarcouldeasilyhavelostherlife,butIntiwouldnotletthathappen.EventhoughInticouldhaveescapedthehousethroughacatdoor,hewouldn'tleavePilar.Asamazingasthisstoryis,itisnotasuncommonasyoumaythink.TaketheexampleofCharlotteLeeandherhorse,Thunder.Onesummernight,thewholefamilywasasleepwiththewindowsopen.Itwasnormallyveryquietwheretheylived.Suddenly,therewasaloudnoise.Charlottewokeupfromhersweetdream,andthenoisecontinued.Thensheheardahorserunningfasttowardsthehouse.ThenextthingshesawwasThunderstandingoutsideherwindow,neighing（嘶叫）andshakinghishead.Sheknewsomethingwaswrong.Charlottequicklygoteveryoneoutofthehousebeforetheearthquakehit.Thunderhassavedherlife.Therearealsostoriesofwildanimalscomingtotherescueofhumans.Oneanimalknowntobeafriendofhumansisthedolphin.Once,ToddEndriswassurfingwithhisfriendswhenhewasattackedbya13foot(4meter)shark.Inthemiddleoftheattack,agroupofdolphinscametohisrescuebyformingaprotectiveringaroundEndrisuntilhecouldgetsafelytoshore.Withoutthehelpofthedolphins,thereislittlechancethatToddcouldhaveescaped.Nooneissurewhyanimalshavesooftencometoourrescue.However,itisclearthathumansandanimalsenjoyacloserelationship.Itisimportantthatwecareforthemasmuchaswecan.4．WhydidIntithrowhimselfagainstthedoor?A．Hewastryingtowakeuphisowner.B．Hewantedtogetoutoftheroom.C．Hefeltboredandwasplayingbyhimself.D．Hecouldn'tfindthewayoutbecauseofsmoke.5．Beforetheearthquakehit,Charlotte______.A．closedthewindows B．wassleepingdeeplyC．rantowarnherneighbors D．gotherhorseoutofthestable6．BothIntiandThunder______.A．wereshyandquiet B．usedtomakenoiseatnightC．werebraveandsmart D．savedtheirownersseveraltimes7．WhichofthefollowingisprobablyTodd'sfeelingtowardsthedolphins?A．Doubtful. B．Grateful. C．Frightened. D．Bored.阅读理解IfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven'tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheeffectisgreater,theyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguage.AteamledbyDrAndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof"earlybilinguals"whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity(密度)inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifference."Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage,"saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWales,hasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills."Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible(灵活的),"hesaid."Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas."ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesoftwoand34.Reading,writing,andcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter."Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld,"explainedthescientists.8．Themainsubjecttalkedaboutinthispassageis______.A．scienceonlearningasecondlanguageB．man'sabilityoflearningasecondlanguageC．languagecanhelpbrainpowerD．languagelearningandmathsstudy9．Inthesecondparagraph,thewritermentions"exercise"inorderto______.A．saylanguageisalsoakindofphysicallaborB．provethatoneneedsmorepracticewhenhe(she)islearningalanguageC．toshowtheimportanceofusingthelanguagewhenyoulearnthelanguageD．makepeoplebelievelanguagelearninghelpsgreymatterworkwell10．Wemayknowfromthescientificfindingsthat______.A．theearlieryoustarttolearnasecondlanguage,thehigherthegreymatterdensityisB．thereisnodifferencebetweenalatersecondlanguagelearnerandonewhodoesn'tknowasecondlanguageC．theexperienceoflearningasecondlanguagehasbadeffectonpeople'sbrainD．theabilityoflearningasecondlanguageischangingallthetime11．Theunderlinedword"bilinguals"probablymeans______.A．aresearcheronlanguagelearningB．apersonwhoisgoodatlearningforeignlanguagesC．apersonwhocanspeaktwolanguagesD．anactivelanguagelearner阅读理解OverthelasttwodaysinDecemberlastyear,nearly30tornadoescausedgreatdamageacrosssixstates—fromArkansasinthesouthtoIllinoisinthemidwest.Morethan100tornadowarningswereissued—themosteverforaday.ThetornadoinKentuckycausedatleast50people'sdeaths,whichwasdescribedastheworstinthisstate'shistory.Asoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,theUnitedStatesisalsooneofthemostgeographicallyvariouscountries—fromdesertstoforeststomilesofcoastline.Whilethiscomeswithmanyadvantages,itunfortunatelyleavesthecountryeasilydamagedbyallkindsofnaturaldisasters.DifferentpartsoftheUnitedStatesfacedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters.Thewestcoastisatriskofwildfires,earthquakes,andevenvolcaniceruptions.Thesouthernpartofthecountryisfrequentlyhitbytornadoes,andtheeastcoastfacesthethreatofserioushurricaneseveryyear.Midwesternareasnearriversareoftenfloodedbyhugefloods,andthesearetheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.Thegovernmentsreviewedtheweathereventineachstate'shistorythatcausedthehighestnumberofdeathstodeterminetheworstnaturaldisasterineverystate.Thankstotheirlocationandgeographicresearch.somestatesmadepreparationsaheadoftimetoavoidmass-casualty(重大伤亡的)weatherevents.However,manyotherpartsofthecountryhavebeenlessfortunate,experiencingmassivestormsandfloods.Manysuchevents,likethe1900hurricanethathitGalvestonofTexas,killedsomanypeoplethatitwasimpossibletogetanexactnumberoffinaldeaths,especially,duringthattime.Americanweathercontinuestobecomemorechangeable.In2018,therewere14weathereventsthatcausedover﹩1billionindamage.Andinmanypartsofthecountry,theseweathereventscouldbecomeevenmoredestructive(毁灭性的)becauseofglobalwarming.12．Whatdoweknowfromthefiguresinparagraph1?A．LessandlessnaturaldisastershitAmerica.B．TornadoeswerethegreatestthreattoAmericans.C．ThetornadoinKentuckywastheworstinAmerica.D．Americasufferedfromseriousnaturaldisasters.13．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．ThenaturaldisastersindifferentpartsofUS.B．TheearthquakesinthewestcoastofUS.C．ThehurricanesalongtheeastcoastofUS.D．TheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.14．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAmerican'sweatherinthefuture?A．Controllable. B．Unchangeable. C．Pleasant. D．Worrying.15．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．AserioustornadoinKentucky B．AweatherreportfromtheUSC．CommonnaturaldisastersintheUS D．Tornadoescausinggreatdamage二、任务型阅读任务型阅读SimplewaystoimproveyourwrittenEnglishManypeoplethinkitisreallydifficulttoimprove(提高)theirwritinginEnglish.Don'tworry,though.HerearesomesimplestepsthatyoucantaketoimproveyourwrittenEnglish.•Increaseyourvocabulary.Toexpressyourselfclearly,youneedagoodactivevocabulary.That'snotjustbeingabletoknowlotsofwords—itmeansactuallybeingabletousethemcorrectly.16．Tip：Whenyoulearnanewword,trytolearnalltheformsofthatword.•17．Peopleoftensaythatwelearntowritebestbyreading.ReadinginEnglishisusefulinmanyways.Itisagreatwaytogetanideaofthedifferentstylesofwritingandseehowtousewordsproperly.Tip:18．Learningshouldn'tbeboring.Readeachtextseveraltimestomakesureyouunderstandhowtousenewwordsandexpressionsinthetext.•Improveyourgrammar.Grammarisveryimportantbecauseitimprovesthequality(质量)ofyourwriting.Tip:19．Thefirsttime,lookforgeneralmistakesandthesecondtimelookformistakeswiththegrammarpointyouarestudyingatthemoment.•Justdoit!Thebestwaytoimproveyourwritingistogetapenandpaperandwrite.Bepreparedtowriteseveralversions(版本)ofeachtext.20．A.Knowyourreaders.B.Readwidelyandoften.C.Alwayscheckyourwritingtwice.D.Remember,practicemakesperfect!E.Choosebooksorarticlesthatinterestyou.F.Usesimplerlanguageandshortersentencestoshowyourideas.G.Dothisbylearningnewwordswithexamplesentences,notjustwordlists.三、完形填空完形填空ItwasabitterwintermorninginKennewick,Washington.JohnLuncefordsawacryingchildalonghisbus21．toschool.Tearsrolleddowntheyoungboy'scheeksashisbare(裸露)handsandearswere22．redbecauseofthebittercold.Luncefordtookhis23．off,whichhegavetothechild,andsaid,"It'llbeOK.""I'magrandfather.Noonewantsakidto24．likethat,"Luncefordsaid.Hisheart25．becauseofthepoorchild,knowingthe26．winterwasstilllyingahead.After27．thekidsoffatschool,thethree-yearbusdriverandformer(昔日的)USArmysoldierwenttothe28．tobuytensetsofglovesandhats.Hereturnedtothe29．anddeterminedtofindtheboy.Aschoolworker30．Luncefordtothelibrary,wheretheboywasstudyingwithhisclass.ThereLuncefordwassurprisedto31．theboywithanewpairofglovesandahat.Butthelittleboywasjustthe32．.Manyotherstudentswouldreceivethe33．oftheirfamiliarbusdriver.Heannouncedtothestudentsinthelibrarythatanychildfoundwithoutahatorglovesalonghisbusroutewouldbegivenaset.Onelittlegirl34．saidshedidn'thaveahat.AsLunceford35．heracomfortablehat,hesmiledandsaid,"I'lltakecareofyou,sweetie."21．A．entrance B．duty C．trip D．route22．A．totally B．generally C．merely D．roughly23．A．overcoat B．glasses C．gloves D．socks24．A．work B．suffer C．wait D．behave25．A．lost B．recovered C．changed D．ached26．A．latest B．coldest C．hottest D．shortest27．A．dropping B．taking C．rolling D．sending28．A．company B．park C．store D．bank29．A．home B．station C．library D．school30．A．fetched B．invited C．guided D．followed31．A．look B．find C．blame D．charge32．A．center B．beginning C．attention D．end33．A．comment B．prize C．challenge D．kindness34．A．immediately B．jokingly C．finally D．obviously35．A．made B．promised C．handed D．lent四、语法填空语法填空TheSmallFriendsPetShelterwasstartedbyagroupofhighschoolstudentsand36．(them)parentswhentheystartedtoseemanypetsthatwereleftbehindaftertheirfamilies37．(move)away.Today,thereareabout70cats,50dogs,threerabbits,andafewturtles38．(live)attheshelter.Theyoungpeople39．runtheshelterworkhard40．(keep)theplaceclean,takecareoftheanimals,andadvertisetheanimalssothattheycanbeadopted.Theyhavealreadyhelpedtofind41．(home)fornearly200animals.Itishardwork,but42．youngpeopleworkingattheshelterthinkitisworthit.Soifyoufindapetthat43．lose),calltheyoungpeople44．SmallFriendsPetShelter!Andifyouwanttohelpout,goandvolunteeryourtimeandlove.Thatiswhattheanimals45．(real)needmost.五、单句语法填空46．Despitethegreatdifficulties,therescueteamsearchedsurvivorsdayandnight.47．Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishands(bury)inthepocketsofhisdarkovercoat.48．Theysparednoefforttosavethebuilding(date)backtotheQingDynasty.49．It'ssaidthatthecauseoftheterribleaccidentisstillunder(investigate).50．Ithasbeenfoundthatparents'wordsanddeedshaveeffectontheirchildren.51．Theposterwarnspeoplethatit'sillegal(hunt)endangeredanimalsinthereserve.52．I'dappreciateifyoucouldhelpmewiththeopeningspeech.53．Theoldbridge,built300yearsago,(sweep)awaybyaheavyfloodlastsummer.54．Idon'tknowwhattimeitisnowbecausemywatch(repair).55．Thecompanywevisittodayisnottheonemyfatherusedtoworkfornearlytenyears.56．Thefestivalwillincludeaofactivities,suchasoperadancing,paintingandballgames.(vary)57．Inwithlastterm,mygradeshavegreatlyimproved,butwithmyclassmates,Istillhavealongwaytogo.(compare)六、完成句子58．购物中心因为一根烟而被烧毁，这让我们感到震惊。Theshoppingcenterwasburneddownduetoacigarette,madeus.59．他失去了平衡，这使他从自行车上摔下来。He,makinghimfalloffthebike.60．只有当我们学会与自然和谐共存，这世界才变得越来越美好。Onlywhenwelearntothenaturetheworldbebetterandbetter.61．假定你是李华，你班要举行一个英语学习经验交流会。作为英语课代表，你是老师指定的发言人之一。请你准备一篇发言稿与同学们交流，内容包括：1）你的英语学习经验（多看多听多交流）；2）对同学们的鼓励。注意：1）词数100左右；2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3）文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dearclassmates,……Thankyou!

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．C3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个观光地点，它们都是世界遗产保护地。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea部分中的“It'sparticularlyfamousforitsnarrowlandformsandexcellentwaterfalls.”它以其狭窄的地形和极好的瀑布而闻名。可知，九寨沟以其狭窄的地形和极好的瀑布而闻名，故选A。2．考查细节理解。根据OldCityofJerusalem部分中的“Asaholy（神圣的）cityforthreedifferentreligionsintheMiddleEast，Jerusalemhasalwaysbeenofgreatreligiousimportance.”作为中东三个不同宗教的圣城，耶路撒冷一直具有重要的宗教意义。可知耶路撒冷是三大宗教的圣城。故选D。3．考查细节理解。根据JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea部分中的“JiuzhaigouValleywasrecognizedasaWorldHeritagesitebyUNESCOin1992.“九寨沟于1992年被联合国教科文组织确认为世界遗产。可知，九寨沟是1992年被确认为世界遗产的；KhamiRuinsNationalMonument部分中的“ItjoinedtheWorldHeritageListin1986."它于1986年加入世界遗产名录。可知，卡米国家遗址纪念地是1986年被确认为世界遗产的；HendersonIsland部分中的"ItwasrecordedintheWorldHeritageListin1988.”它于1988年被列入世界遗产名录。可知，亨德森岛是1988年被确认为世界遗产的；以及OldCityofJerusalem部分中的“ItwasgivenaWorldHeritageStatusin1981andplacedonthe‘WorldHeritageinDangerList'thefollowingyear.”1981年被授予世界遗产地位，次年被列入"濒危世界遗产名录"。可知，耶路撒冷古城是1981年被授予世界遗产地位，次年被列入"濒危世界遗产名录"，综上所述，对比时间可知，最近确定的世界遗产是九寨沟风景名胜区。故选D。【答案】4．A5．B6．C7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了不同的动物救人的故事，这告诉人们：动物和人类的关系很密切，我们应该尽可能多地照顾它们。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Onenight，PilarwasinadeepsleepwhenshewaswokenbyhercatInti.IntiwasmeowingwildlyoutsidePilar'sbedroomandthrowinghimselfagainsttheclosedbedroomdoor.”一天晚上，皮拉尔在熟睡中被她的猫英蒂吵醒。英蒂在皮拉尔的卧室外疯狂地喵喵叫，扑倒在紧闭的卧室门上；以及“afirewasburninginherkitchen.”她的厨房着火了。可知，英蒂用自己的身体撞门是为了唤醒自己的主人，因为厨房里着火了。故选A。5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“TaketheexampleofCharlotteLeeandherhorse，Thunder.Onesummernightthewholefamilywasasleepwiththewindowsopen.”以夏洛特•李和她的马雷霆为例。一个夏夜，全家都开着窗户睡着了。可知，地震前夏洛特在熟睡。故选B。6．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Onenight，PilarwasinadeepsleepwhenshewaswokenbyhercatInti.IntiwasmeowingwildlyoutsidePilar'sbedroomandthrowinghimselfagainsttheclosedbedroomdoor.”一天晚上，皮拉尔在熟睡中被她的猫英蒂吵醒。英蒂在皮拉尔的卧室外疯狂地喵喵叫，扑倒在紧闭的卧室门上；以及第二段中的“Thensheheardahorserunningfasttowardsthehouse.”然后她听到一匹马飞快地向房子跑去；和“Thunderhassavedherlife.”雷鸣救了她的命。可知，英蒂和雷鸣都很勇敢和聪明，它们通过撞墙和嘶叫唤醒了处于危险中的主人。故选C。7．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Withoutthehelpofthedolphins，thereislittlechancethatToddcouldhaveescaped.”如果没有海豚的帮助，托德逃跑的可能性很小可推知，托德要感谢海豚。故选B。【答案】8．C9．D10．A11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习一门外语可以使你的脑力增加。学者们发现，学习外语改变脑力，可以促进你大脑的发运，让你更加的聪明。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower”学习第二语言有助于增加你的脑力；以及倒数第二段中的“‘Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible，'hesaid.‘Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.'”掌握两种语言给了你观看两个世界的窗口，你会超越语言本身，对于不同的问题有更好的理解。故选C。9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation”研究人员发现，学习其他语言会改变灰质。这是大脑进行信息加工的地方；以及“Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles”这就和我们通过锻炼来增强肌肉的作用是一样的。可知作者用锻炼肌肉来比喻语言学习对对大脑的作用，使读者能形象的理解这种作用，故选D。10．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity（密度）inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage”脑部扫描表明学习第二语言的人的大脑灰质层的密度比没有学习的人高；以及“Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifference”但是学习的越晚这种不同越小。可推断出学习第二语言越早的人他的大脑密度越高，故选A。11．考查词义猜测。根据第四段"AteamledbyDrAndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof‘earlybilinguals'whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.”伦敦大学学院的安德烈•梅切利博士领导的一个研究小组，研究了一群只会说英语的英国人。他们与一组五岁以前学过第二语言的"早期双语者"以及一些后来的学习者进行了比较。可知，前面应是说掌握第二语言的人，所以bilingual的意思应是peoplewhocanspeaktwolanguages.故选C。【答案】12．D13．A14．D15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国地理环境多样化，天气多变，常年遭受自然灾害，不同地区遭受不同的自然灾害。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查推理判断。根据第一段"OverthelasttwodaysinDecemberlastyear,nearly30tornadoescausedgreatdamageacrosssixstates—fromArkansasinthesouthtoIllinoisinthemidwest.Morethan100tornadowarningswereissued—themosteverforaday.ThetornadoinKentuckycausedatleast50people'sdeaths,whichwasdescribedastheworstinthisstate'shistory.”在去年12月的最后两天里，从南部的阿肯色州到中西部的伊利诺伊州，近30次龙卷风在六个州造成了巨大的破坏，发布了100多个龙卷风警告，这是有史以来最多的一天。肯塔基州的龙卷风造成至少50人死亡，这被描述为该州历史上最严重的一次。可知，文章第一段列举的数字说明美国遭受了严重的自然灾害，造成了极大的破坏，故选D。13．考查段落大意。根据第三段"DifferentpartsoftheUnitedStatesfacedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters.Thewestcoastisatriskofwildfires,earthquakes,andevenvolcaniceruptions.Thesouthernpartofthecountryisfrequentlyhitbytornadoes,andtheeastcoastfacesthethreatofserioushurricaneseveryyear.Midwesternareasnearriversareoftenfloodedbyhugefloods,andthesearetheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.”美国不同地区面临不同类型的自然灾害。西海岸面临野火、地震甚至火山爆发的风险。该国南部地区经常受到龙卷风的袭击，东海岸每年都面临严重飓风的威胁。靠近河流的中西部地区经常被巨大的洪水淹没，这些都是美国历史上最严重的洪水。可知，第三段主要讲述美国不同地区面临不同类型的自然灾害，并主要介绍美国不同地区的自然灾害，故选A。14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Americanweathercontinuestobecomemorechangeable.In2018，therewere14weathereventsthatcausedover＄1billionindamage.Andinmanypartsofthecountry,theseweathereventscouldbecomeevenmoredestructive（毁灭性的）becauseofglobalwarming.”美国的天气继续变得更加多变。2018年，有14个天气事件，造成超过10亿美元的损失。在该国的许多地方，由于全球变暖，这些天气事件可能会变得更具毁灭性。可知，美国的天气多变，可能会变得更具毁灭性。可推知美国未来的天气是令人担心的、不容乐观的，故选D。15．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的"Asoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,theUnitedStatesisalsooneofthemostgeographicallyvariouscountries—fromdesertstoforeststomilesofcoastline.”作为世界上最大的国家之一，美国也是在地理环境上最多样化的国家之一，从沙漠到森林再到数英里的海岸线；以及第三段"DifferentpartsoftheUnitedStatesfacedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters.Thewestcoastisatriskofwildfires,earthquakes,andevenvolcaniceruptions.Thesouthernpartofthecountryisfrequentlyhitbytornadoes,andtheeastcoastfacesthethreatofserioushurricaneseveryyear.Midwesternareasnearriversareoftenfloodedbyhugefloods,andthesearetheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.”美国不同地区面临不同类型的自然灾害。西海岸面临野火、地震甚至火山爆发的风险。该国南部地区经常受到龙卷风的袭击，东海岸每年都面临严重飓风的威胁。靠近河流的中西部地区经常被巨大的洪水淹没，这些都是美国历史上最严重的洪水。可知，本文主要介绍美国地理环境多样化，常年遭遇很多自然灾害，并且不同地区常年面临不同的自然灾害。“美国常见的自然灾害”适合做文章的标题，故选C。【答案】16．G；17．B；18．E；19．C；20．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍提高书面英语水平的简单方法。【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前“Toexpressyourselfclearly,youneedagoodactivevocabulary.That'snotjustbeingabletoknowlotsofwords—itmeansactuallybeingabletousethemcorrectly”要清楚地表达自己，你需要一个良好的词汇表。这不仅仅是能够知道很多单词，还意味着能够正确地使用它们，G.Dothisbylearningnewwordswithexamplesentences,notjustwordlists."要做到这一点，就要用例句学习生词，而不仅仅是单词表"符合语境，usethemcorrectly和examplesentences是关联词，故选G。17．根据空后“Peopleoftensaythatwelearntowritebestbyreading.ReadinginEnglishisusefulinmanyways.Itisagreatwaytogetanideaofthedifferentstylesofwritingandseehowtousewordsproperly”人们常说我们通过阅读来学习写作。英语阅读在很多方面都很有用。这是一个了解不同写作风格并了解如何正确使用单词的好方法。B.Readwidelyandoften."广泛而经常地阅读"符合本段的主题，故选B。18．根据空后“Learningshouldn'tbeboring”学习不应该是枯燥的"，E.Choosebooksorarticlesthatinterestyou."选择你感兴趣的书或文章"，承接下文，符合语境，boring和thatinterestyou是关联词，故选E。19．根据空后“Thefirsttime,lookforgeneralmistakesandthesecondtimelookformistakeswiththegrammarpointyouarestudyingatthemoment”第一次，查找一般错误，第二次查找你正在学习的语法点的错误，C.Alwayscheckyourwritingtwice."总是检查你的写作两次"符合语境，Thefirsttime；thesecondtime和twice是关联词，故选C。20．根据空前“Bepreparedtowriteseveralversions（版本）ofeachtext”准备好写几个版本，可知D.Remember,practicemakesperfect!"记住，熟能生巧"符合语境，writeseveralversions（版本）ofeachtext和practicemakesperfect是关联词，故选D。【答案】21．D；22．A；23．C；24．B；25．D；26．B；27．A；28．C；29．D；30．C；31．B；32．B；33．D；34．A；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一则真善美的故事：善良的公交车司机Lunceford看到小男孩被冻得掉眼泪，于是把自己的手套送给了小男孩。之后甚至去商店购买御寒装备送到小男孩学校，并且向学生宣布凡是没有帽子或手套的都可以获赠一套帽子和手套。【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：HognLunceford在去学校的路上看到一个哭闹的孩子。A.entrance“入口”；B.duty“职责”；C.trip“旅行”；D.route“路线”。根据空后"toschool"可知Lunceford是在去学校的路上看到了一个哭闹的孩子。故选D。22．句意：泪水顺着小男孩的脸颊滚了下来，因为严寒，他赤裸的手和耳朵都被完全冻红了。A.totally“完全地”；B.generally“一般地”；C.merely“仅仅”；D.roughly“大体上”。根据空前"Tearsrolleddowntheyoungboy'scheeks”眼泪沿着小男孩的脸颊流下；以及空后"becauseofthebittercold”因为严寒，可知小男孩赤裸的双手和耳朵全都红了，故选A。23．句意：Lunceford脱下手套给了孩子，说："没事的。"A.overcoat“大衣”；B.glasses“眼镜”；C.gloves“手套”；D.socks“袜子”。根据下文“theboywithanewpairofglovesandahat”公交车司机送给小男孩一套新的手套和帽子，故选C。24．句意：没人想让孩子遭受那样的痛苦。A.work“工作”；B.suffer“遭受”；C.wait“等待”；D.behave“举止”。根据上文，孩子被冻得耳朵和手发红，可知是遭受痛苦。故选B。25．句意：他为那个可怜的孩子感到心痛。A.lost“失去”；B.recovered“恢复”；C.changed“改变”；D.ached“疼痛”。根据语境可知，Lunceford为那个可怜的孩子感到心痛。故选D。26．句意：冬天最寒冷的时候还没到来。A.latest“最迟的”；B.coldest“最冷的”；C.hottest“最热的”；D.shortest“最短的”。根据空后"winterwasstilllyingahead"冬天应该是寒冷，所以是指冬天最寒冷的时候还没到来。故选B。27．句意：在把孩子们送到学校后，这位担任过三年公交车司机的前美军士兵去商店买了十套手套和帽子。A.dropping“掉落”；B.taking“带走”；C.rolling“滚动”；D.sending“发送”。根据空后"thekidsoffatschool"可知是指把孩子送到学校，dropsb.off固定短语，"让某人下车"。故选A。28．句意：在把孩子们送到学校后，这位担任过三年公交车司机的前美军士兵去商店买了十套手套和帽子。A.company“公司”；B.park“公园”；C.store“商店”；D.bank“银行”。根据空后"tobuytensetsofglovesandhats可知，是去商店买手套和帽子。故选C。29．句意：他回到学校，决心要找到那个男孩。A.home“家”；B.station“车站”；C.library“图书馆”；D.school“学校”。根据空后"anddeterminedtofindtheboy.Aschoolworker"可知Lunceford买了东西又回到学校，想找到刚才那个男孩。故选D。30．句意：一位学校工作人员领着Lunceford去图书馆，这个男孩正在那里和他的同学一起学习。A.fetched“去取”；B.invited“邀请”；C.guided“引导”；D.followed“跟随”。根据空后"Luncefordtothelibrarywheretheboywasstudyingwithhisclass"可知一位学校工作人员领着Lunceford去图书馆。故选C。31．句意：在那里，伦塞福德惊讶地发现男孩戴着一副新手套和一顶帽子。A.look“看”；B.find“发现”；C.blame“责备”；D.charge“负责”。根据句意，可知是"发现"。故选B。32．句意：但这个小男孩只是一个开始。A.center“中心”；B.beginning“开始”；C.attention“注意力”；D.end“结束”。根据下文"Manyotherstudentswouldreceivethe"可知还有其他的学生得到了帮助，男孩只是个开始。故选B。33．句意：其他许多学生也收到了他们熟悉的司机的善举。A.comment“评论”；B.prize“奖品”；C.challenge“挑战”；D.kindness“善举”。Lunceford给学生送帽子和手套，是一种善举。故选D。34．句意：一个小女孩立即说她没有帽子。A.immediately“立即，马上”；B.jokingly“开玩笑地”；C.finally“最后”；D.obviously“显而易见地”。根据语境可知，此处指女孩立即说自己没有帽子。故选A。35．句意：当Lunceford递给她一顶舒适的帽子时，他笑着说："我会照顾你的，亲爱的。"A.made“制作”；B.promised“允诺”；C.handed“递给”；D.lent“借出”。根据空后"heracomfortablehat"可知Lunceford递给女孩一顶