专题1：阅读理解（细节理解类1）-2024-2025学年中考英语二轮复习题型篇(含答案)

专题1：阅读理解（细节理解类1）Afamousstudywasdoneinaschoolbyaprofessorfromauniversity.Atthestartoftheschoolyear,theteachersweregiventhenamesoffivechildren.Theyweretoldthatthesefivewerethemostexcellentstudentsintheclass.Butthefactwasthatthesestudentswereonlyaverage,andtheywerenotthebeststudentsatall.Well,guesswhat?Attheendoftheyear,allthefiveaveragestudentsscoredamongthehighestintheclass.Whatmadetheseaveragestudentschangesomuchtobecometopstudents?Theonlydifferencewasthechangeintheirteachers'attitude.Becausetheteachersbelievedthatthesefivekidswerethetopstudents,theyexpectedmorefromthem.Andsothesefiveaveragestudentsbegantobelieveandexpectmorefromthemselves.Sotheyworkedhardertodoaswellastheycould.Doyouknowwhy?Ifyouexpectthebestfrompeople,they'llusuallywanttogiveyoutheirbest.Agreatleadersaid,"Treatapersonjusthowheappearstobeontheoutside,andyou'llmakehimevenworse.Buttreatapersonlikehe'salreadyasuccess,andyou'llhelpmakehimthebesthecanbe."Likethetruestoryof7-year-oldJohnny,histeachergotsoangrywithhimthatonedayshesaid,"Johnny,you'rethenaughtiestboyinthisclass.I'msureyou'llneverchange."ThenextyearJohnnyhadanewteacher.Andonthefirstdayofclass,shemetwithJohnnyafterschoolandsaid,"Johnny,I'veheardalotaboutyou!ButdoyouknowthatIdon'tbelieveawordofit."Andeverydayafterthat,thisnewteachertreatedJohnnyasifhewasoneofthesmarteststudentsevenwhenJohnnydidnaughtythings.Lateron,Johnnybecameaschoolleader.That'sthepowerofourbeliefandattitudetowardchildren.(1)Theprofessorstartedhisresearchby_____. A．teachingthefivechildrenhimself B．askingthefivechildrentofindanewteacher C．tellingthefivestudentstoworkharderthaneverbefore D．tellingtheteacherthefivestudentswerethebestintheclass(2)Thefiveaveragestudentsbecametopstudentsmainlybecauseof_____. A．theprofessor'sstudy B．theteachers'hardwork C．thechangeintheteachers D．thechangeintheteachers'attitude(3)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus? A．Attitudeandbeliefcanchangeaperson B．Onlyteacherscanmakeyouatopstudent. C．Aprofessor'sstudycanhelpyouscorehighest. D．Ifyouwanttogetmore,youshouldhavenewteachers.Astoryhappenedwhenthetelegraph(电报)wasthefastestmethodoflong-distancecommunication.Oneday,ayoungmanwenttoaninterviewforajobasaMorsecodeoperator(莫尔斯电码报务员).Answeringtheadinthenewspaper,hewenttotheofficeaddress.Whenhearrived,hewalkedintoalarge,busyofficefilledwithnoise,includingthesoundofthetelegraph.Anofficeworkeraskedhimtowaituntilhewascalledtogointotheinneroffice.Sevenotherpeoplewerealreadyinthewaitingareafortheinterview.Theyoungmansatdownandwaitedwiththem.Afterafewminutes,theyoungmanstoodup,crossedtheroomtothedooroftheinneroffice,andwalkedrightin.Naturallytheotherpeoplewonderedwhatwasgoingon.Theyweresurethattheyoungmanmadeamistakeandwouldberefused.Afewminuteslater,however,thebosscameoutoftheinnerofficewiththeyoungmanandsaidtotheotherpeople,"Gentlemen,thankyouverymuchforcoming,buttheyoungmanhasgotthejob."Theotherpeopleweresurprised,andoneofthemsaid,"Waitaminute.Idon'tunderstand.Hewasthelasttocomein,andweneverevengotachancetobeinterviewed.Yethegotthejob.That'snotfair!"Thebosssaid,"I'msorry,butallthetimeyou'vebeensittinghere,thetelegraphhasbeensendingoutthefollowingmessageinMorescode:"Ifyouunderstandthismessage,thencomerightin.Thejobisyours."Noneofyouhearditorunderstoodit.Thisyoungmandid.Thejobisthis.(1)Theyoungmangottheinformationaboutthejobfrom_____. A．thetelegraph B．thenewspaper C．anofficeworker D．afriend(2)Whatwastheofficelike? A．Large,busyandnoisy. B．Busy,noisyandcrowded. C．Large,crowdedbutquiet. D．Busy,crowdedbutquiet.(3)Howmanypeoplewentfotthejobinterviewthatday? A．7 B．8 C．9 D．10(4)Theyoungmanwasofferedthejobbecause_____. A．hewasyoung B．heknewtheboss C．heheardthetelegraphmessageandunderstoodit D．hewasthelastonetowalkintotheinnerofficeOneday,amansawaladyontheroad.Hercarbrokedownandsheneededhelp.Themanstoppedhiscarandsaid:"I'mheretohelpyou.YoucancallmeBryanAnderson."Afterhefixedthecar,theladywantedtopayhim.ButBryansaidno.Hesaidifshereallywantedtopayhimback,thenexttimeshesawsomeonewhoneededhelp,shecouldgivethatpersonthehelpheorsheneeded.Afewmilesdowntheroadtheladywentintoasmallcafe.Thewaitresscameover.Theladynoticedthewaitresswasnearlyeightmonthspregnant(怀孕的),butsheneverletitchangeherattitude(态度)whensheservedher.Theladyfinishedhermealandpaidwitha$100bill.Thewaitresswenttogetthechange.Whenshecameback,shefoundtheladyhadgoneandleftanoteonapieceofpaper:"Youdon'towe(欠)meanything.SomebodyoncehelpedmethewayI'mhelpingyou.Ifyoureallywanttopaymeback,hereiswhatyoudo:donotlettheloveendwithyou."Underthepaperwerefourmore$100bills.Thewaitresswasmoved.Shereallyneededthemoney,asthebabywouldsoonarrive.Thenshecalledherhusband:"Everythingwillbeallright.Iloveyou,BryanAnderson."(1)Whatwaswrongwiththelady?(2)WhatdidBryanasktheladytodoafterfixingthecar?(3)Howmuchmoneydidtheladygivethewaitressinall?(4)Whoisthewaitress'shusband?(5)Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthestory?TheCocaColaCompanyhasaninvention—the"PlantBottle".Itispartlymadefromplantsandcanberecycled(循环).Itshowshowbusinessescanhelptodealwiththeproblemofclimate(气候)change.NowtheUKhasanewlightbulbthatcanlast25yearsormore.Itisgreenandenvironment-friendly(环保的),andasbrightastheoldlightbulbs,butitcosts￡30.Goodnewsforswimmers.Doyouwanttotalktoyourfriendsunderthewater?RichStachowskiinventedthisWaterTalkyattheageof10.Thisinventioncanamplify(扩大)voicesunderwaterforupto15feet.Ifyousitinachairfortoolongorinabadposition(姿势),yourbackmaybegintohurt.Nowthereisanewchairthatcanhelpyouavoidthat.ItwasdevelopedbyGermanscientists.Itmakesnoisestotelluserswhentheyneedtomove.(1)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthe"PlantBottle"? A．Thebottleiscompletelymadeofplants. B．ItwasaproductoftheCocaColaCompany. C．Itcostsmuchmoney. D．Peoplecan'trecycleit.(2)Thenewlightbulb. A．isbrighterthantheoldones B．isn'tgoodfortheenvironment C．canlastatleast25years D．canlastlessthan25years(3)TheWaterTalkywasinventedby. A．Germanscientists B．ayoungchild C．aUKcompany D．someswimmers(4)Whatwillhappenifyousitinthenewchairfortoolong? A．Yourheadwillhurt. B．Youwillbeverynervous. C．Thechairwillmove. D．Thechairwillwarnyoutomove.Amanmadeanicetalkingmachine.Itcouldweighpeople'sweight.Themanwantedtotrythemachinebeforehecouldmakealotofmachines.Heputthemachineintothewaitingroomofastation.Therewerealwayslotsofpeopleinandout.ThefirstonewhousedthemachinewasanIndianwoman.Shestoodonthemachine.Themachinethoughtforafewsecondstodecidewhichlanguagetospeak."Goodmorning,Madam."itsaidinIndian."Yourweightis72kilograms.That'sthreekilogramsmore.Ifyoueatmorefruitandvegetables,youwillbesoonallright.Pleasehaveaniceday."ThesecondonetousethemachinewasaChinesegirl.Shestoodonthemachineandwaitedtohearherweight."Goodmorning,Miss."themachinesaidinChinese."Yourweightis45kilograms.It'sallrightforyourage.Keepeatingwhatyoueateveryday.Pleasehaveaniceday."ThethirdonetousethemachinewasaveryfatAmericanwoman.Shethoughtforalongtimetostandonthemachine.ThemachinespokequicklyinEnglish."Goodmorning.Willoneofyougetoff?"(1)ThemachinetoldtheIndianwoman_____. A．shewasalittlelighter B．shewasalittleheavier C．itcouldn'tspeakIndian D．toeatwhatshewantedtoeat(2)ThemachinesaidtoaChinesegirlthatshe_____. A．shouldeatmore B．shouldeatless C．hadtoeatmorefruit D．keptherselfhealthy(3)HowwastheAmericanwoman? A．Shewashealthy. B．Shelikedthinking. C．Shewastooheavy. D．Themachinedidn'tlikeher.​Goodbooksarelikegoodfriends.Theysupportyou,andhelpyouunderstandtheworld.TIMEandAMAZONlistedsomeofthebestbooksof2015foryoungreaders.Teenshavepickedoutthreeofthem.Haveyoureadallofthem?AbsolutelyAlmostLisaGraff,USAlbiehasalwaysbeenan"almost"—He'salmostgoodatsports.He'salmostsmartenoughtopasshisspellingtest.Healmostmakeshisparentsproud.Infact,Albiehasalonglistofthethingshe'snotverygoodat.However,thingsbegintochangewhenAlbiegetsanewbabysitter,Calista.Shehelpshimworkoutallofthethingsheisnotgoodat.Whatwillhappentothis"almost"boy?ThisOneSummerJilljanTamakiMarikoTamki,CanadaEverysummer,RosegoeswithhermumanddadtoalakehouseinAwagoBeach.It'stheirrelaxingtime.Rose'sfriendWindyisalwaysthere,too.Butthissummerisdifferent.Rose'smumanddadkeepfighting.RoseandWindywantstoescapefromit,buttheyfindthemselveswithawholenewsetofproblems.Theymeetalocalteen,butlaterheiscaughtupinsomethingbad…It'sreadyasummerofsorrow(悲伤)andgrowingup.TheFourteenthGoldfishJenniferL.Holm,USEleven-year-oldElliehasneverlikedchange.Shemissesfifthgrade.Shemissesheroldbestfriend.Sheevenmissesherdearlydeadgoldfish.Thenonedayastrangeboyshowsup.HelooksalotlikeEllie'sgrandfather,ascientistwho'salwaysbeencrazyaboutimmortality(永生).CouldthisstrangeboyreallybeEllie'sgrandpa?HashefinallyfoundthesecrettoimmortalitywithEllie?​(1)WhowrotethebookAbsolutelyAlmost? A．JenniferL.Holm. B．MarikoTamaki. C．JillianTamaki. D．LisaGraff.(2)What'sthedifferenceforRosethissummer? A．Shelostsomethingimportant. B．Shedoesn'thaveaholiday. C．Shecannotmeetherfriend. D．Herparentskeepfighting.(3)WhydoesElliemisseverythinginthepast? A．Becauseshehasneverlikedchange. B．Becauseshemeetsastrangeboylater. C．Becausehergrandfatherisascientist. D．Becausethesecrettoimmortalityisfound(4)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE? A．Albiealwaysdoeswellineverythingbefore. B．Goodbookscanhelpyouunderstandtheworld. C．Ellie'sdearlydeadgoldfishcomesbacktolife. D．AllthebookswerewrittenbyAmericanwriters.ExerciseisgoodforyouYou'veprobablyheardmanytimesthatexerciseisgoodforyourhealth,butdoyouknowthatitcanhelpyoufeelwell,too?Doctorsthinkthatchildrenshouldget60minutes’exerciseeveryday.Herearesomeofthereasons.Exercisecanhelppeoplesleepbetteratnight.Itcanalsohelpthepeoplewhohavemental(精神的)illnesses.Peoplewhodoexerciselookbetterthanthosewhodon't.Infact,exerciseisoneofthemostimportantpartsofkeepingthebodyhealthy.Thesediseasesarebecomingmorecommonamongchildren.Thismaynotseemimportantnow,butyourbodywillthankyoulater.Studieshavefoundthatsomeexercise,likejumping,runningandwalking,canhelpgirlsandboyskeeptheirbonesstrong.（一）把下面的句子填入短文中适当的横线上。A.Exercisecanhelpapersongrowupwell.B.Exerciseisgoodforeverypartofthebody,includingthemind.C.Exercisecanhelppeopleloseweightandreducetheriskofgettingcertaindiseases.D.Exercisecanhelppeoplelookbetter.（二）：回答下面的问题。Howlongshouldchildrenexerciseeveryday?(1)______________________________________________(2)______________________________________________(3)______________________________________________(4)______________________________________________(5)Howlongshouldchildrenexerciseeveryday?______________________________________________Newrulesandbehaviorstandards(行为规范)formiddleschoolstudentscameoutinMarch.①Whoarethemostexcellentstudents?②Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethat.Thebeststudentswon'tonlyhavegoodgrades.Theywillalsobekidswhodon'tdyetheirhair,smokeordrink.Thefollowingaresomeofthenewrules.③_____Haveyouevercopiedothers'workinanexam?Don'tdoitagain!That'snotwhatanhoneststudentshoulddo.Ifyouhaveplayedcomputergamesfortwohoursinyourroom,don'ttellyourparentsyouhavedoneyourhomework.Domoreatschool.④好学生热爱动物,关心他人。AprilisBird-LovingmonthinChina.Isyourschooldoinganythingtocelebrateit?Youshouldjoin!Inthatway,youcanlearnmoreaboutanimalsandlearntoprotectthem.Andwhenyourclassmatesareintrouble,remembertogivethemahand.Youknowafriendinneedisafriendindeed.UsetheInternetcarefully.Tryto⑤_____awayfromWebpagesthatarebadforyou.FindgoodWebsitesandusethemforhomework.Beopentonewideas.Haveyoueverthoughtthatpeoplecouldliveonthemoon?Maybeyoucandiscoveranewplanetsomeday.Don'tlookdownonnewideas.⑥Youshouldwelcomethem,becausenewideasmakelifebetterforeveryone.(1)​在横线上填写一词，使文中①、②句合并为一句。Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethemostexcellentstudentsare.(2)()选出文中③处的主题句。A.Don'tcheatinexams.B.Neverplaycomputergames.C.Tellthetruth.D.Doyourhomework!(3)​将文中④翻译成英语。______________________________________________(4)在文中⑤处填写一个单词，使句意完整、上下文通顺。______________________________________________(5)将文中⑥处翻译成汉语。______________________________________________阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。OneThursdayafternoon,whenIwasinGrade9,anewboycameintomyclassroom.Hewasshortandthin.Hewalkeduptotheteacherandtoldher,veryseriously,thathewasnew.HisnamewasChristian.Hesatdown,tookalookatme,andthenlookedaway.Ididn'tthinkhewasveryniceandIwassurehewasn'tthetypeIwouldliketobecomefriendswith.Duringthatyear,Ididn'ttalktohimmuch,buthesmiledatmewhenoureyesmet,alwaysshyly.Heneveratelunchwithanybody,andhenevertalkedtoanybodybutme.ButonedayIjoinedthoseunkindkidswhoweremakingfunofhim.WemadefunofhimthoughIthoughtitwaswrong."Haven'tyougotanyfriends?"akidaskedChristian,whohadwalkedpastusalone,headdown."No,hehasn'tgotanyfriends.He'stoostupidandshy,"Isaid.ThenChristianlookedupatmewiththesaddestdogeyesIhadeverseen.Ifeltverysorryatthatmoment.Thatnight,Icouldn'tsleepbecauseIcouldn'tgetChristian'sfaceoutofmymind.Intheweeksthatfollowed,henevermetmyeyesinclassandneversmiledatme.Itwasreallyhardformetodecidetowritehimanoteaskinghimtoforgiveme.ButIthoughtIshould.Thenextdayinclass,IwrotehimanotetellinghimhowsorryIfelt.Aboutfiveminuteslater,Iturnedandsawtearsinhiseyes."Youwillneverrealizewhatyourapology(道歉)hasmeanttome,Jimmy,"hesaidtome."Ihopewecanbecomefriends."WehadlunchtogetherthatnoonandwehadthebesttalkIhadeverhad.Overtheyearsathighschool,wewereclosefriends.WhenIthinkback,Irealizethat,ifIhadnotapologized,IwouldneverhaveknownwhatalovelypersonChristianwas.Apologiescanreallychangeyourlife,sonevermissthechancetotellsomebodyyouaresorry.(1)Fromthepassage,weknowChristianwasa_____boy. A．tallandfat B．shortandshy C．shortandactive D．lovelyandfat(2)Jimmydidn'ttalktoChristianmuchatfirstbecause_____. A．hedidn'tthinkChristianwasthetypehewantedtobecomefriendswith B．Christianwasn'tnicetopeoplearoundhimafterhecametothenewclass C．Christianmadefriendswithothers D．Christianhadthesaddestdogeyes(3)Jimmyfelt_____afterhemadefunofChristianwithotherunkindkids. A．happy B．interested C．sorry D．bored(4)JimmyaskedChristiantoforgivehimby_____. A．sendingane-mail B．wearingasmile C．eatingsuppertogether D．writinganote(5)Thisarticletellsusthat_____. A．weshouldmakeanapologywhenwehurtothers B．Jimmy'sapologywasunimportanttoChristian C．Christianwasn'tlovelyinfact D．itisimpossibletosaysorrytoothers阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。QianXuesenwasborninShanghaionDecember11th,1911.Heisknownas"thefatherofChina'sspaceprogramme"and"thekingoftherocket".Whenhewas24yearsold,QianwenttoAmericaforfurtherstudy.Aftergraduation,heworkedinAmericaforafewyears,wherehisworkingconditionswerebetter.Intheearly1950s,heheardthePeople'sRepublicofChinahadbeenfounded(成立)anddecidednottostayinAmericaanylonger.Hesucceededincomingbacktohismotherlandin1955thoughtheAmericangovernmenttriedtostophim.In1956,QianXuesensuggestedsettingupaspecialorganization,whichlaterbecametheleadingorganizationforChina'srocketandairtravelprogrammes.InJune1964,Chinasuccessfullycreateditsfirstmediumrocket.QianalsoplayedanimportantroleindevelopingChina'sfirstman-madesatellite(卫星).OnApril24,1970,Dongfanghongwassuccessfullysentintospace.In1964,ayoungmanwroteQianXuesenaletterandpointedoutamistakeinhispublishedarticle.Qianimmediatelyansweredtheletterandencouragedtheyoungmantowriteanarticleaboutthemistake.ZhuYilin,whowassaidtobethelaststudentofQianXuesen,oncesaid,"IlearnedalotofprofessionalknowledgeaswellasthespiritandattitudethatascientistshouldhavefromMrQian,especiallyhisdeeploveforthemotherland.Withoutthat,hecouldn'thavehelpedtodevelopscienceandtechnologywhenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasbadlyinneedofscientistsforitsdevelopment.Withoutthat,hewouldnothavemadegreatcontributions(贡献)totherocketindustryinthelate1950sandearly1960swhenconditionsinChinaweretoohard."MrQianhasbeendeadforoveradecade,buthewillliveinthememoryoftheChinesepeopleforever.(1)WhydidQianXuesengotoAmericawhenhewasyoung? A．Tofindanewjob. B．Toreceivefurtherstudy. C．Tomeetwithhisparents. D．Tofindbetterworkingconditions.(2)WhenwasChina'sfirstmediumrocketcreated? A．In1955. B．In1956. C．In1964. D．In1970.(3)WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus? A．ThewayQianXuesentriedtoreturntoChina. B．Thereasonwhyaspecialorganizationwassetup. C．TheroleQianXuesenplayedinmakingthesatellite. D．ThecontributionsQianXuesenmadetoChina.(4)InZhuYilin'sopinion,whatmadeQianXuesenworkhardforhismotherland? A．Hisloveforthemotherland. B．Hisprofessionalknowledge. C．Hisworkingexperience. D．HisangertowardsAmerica.(5)Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____. A．QianwasnotwelcomeinAmericainthe1950s B．theyoungmancouldn'tunderstandQian'sarticles C．thePeople'sRepublicofChinawasingreatneedofscientistslikeQian D．hardconditionsmadeiteasiertodeveloptherocketindustry

答案一、阅读理解题（共10题）1.(1)D(2)D(3)A2.(1)B(2)A(3)B(4)C3.(1)Hercarbrokedown./Hercardidn'twork.(2)Heaskedhertohelpothers(whoneededhelp).(3)$500./500dollars.(4)BryanAnderson.(5)Don'tlettheloveendwithyou./Behelpfultoothers./Bekind-heartedtoothers./Letthelovegoon.4.(1)B(2)C(3)B(4)D(1)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：TheCocaColaCompanyhasaninvention—the"PlantBottle".Itispartlymadefromplantsandcanberecycled(循环).Itshowshowbusinessescanhelptodealwiththeproblemofclimate(气候)change.可口可乐公司有一个发明——“聚酯塑料瓶”。它在一定的程度上是由植物制成的，并可以回收利用。它显示商家可以怎样帮助处理气候改变的问题。因此，正确答案是B。(2)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：NowtheUKhasanewlightbulbthatcanlast25yearsormore.现在英国有一种可以使用25年甚至更久的新型灯泡。因此，正确答案是C。(3)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：RichStachowskiinventedthisWaterTalkyattheageof10.RichStachowski在10岁时发明了这种“水下谈话工具”。因此，正确答案是B。(4)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Itmakesnoisestotelluserswhentheyneedtomove.但使用者需要移动的时候，它会发出声响来告诉他们。因此，正确答案是D。5.(1)B(2)D(3)C(1)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Yourweightis72kilograms.That'sthreekilogramsmore.Ifyoueatmorefruitandvegetables,youwillbesoonallright.你的体重是72公斤。超重3公斤。如果你多吃水果和蔬菜，你的体重很快就会正常的。因此，正确答案是B。(2)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Yourweightis45kilograms.It'sallrightforyourage.你的体重是45公斤。这对你的年龄来说是合适的。因此，正确答案是D。(3)此题是推理判断题。答案出处：ThethirdonetousethemachinewasaveryfatAmericanwoman.第三个使用这台机器的是