2018长沙中考英语真题及答案

2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷

英语

II.知识运用（两部分，共20小题，计20分）

第一节语法填空从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。（共

10小题，计10分）

21.——Theweatherreportsaysit'sgoingtohaveashowerthis

afternoon.

一Itdoes?We'dbetternow,justincase.

A.toIeaveB.IeavingC.Ieave

22.——IsthemanoverthereAdam?

—Itbehim.HehasgonetoHongKongonvacation.

A.mustB.can'tC.mustn't

23.——Dothetwinslookthesame?

—No,JaneistallerthanClaire.

A.IittIeB.moreC.aIittIe

24.——HowmanyappIescanIhave?

—Youcanhavetwo.areforJim.

A.TheothersB.OthersC.Theother

25.Youmustn'tdriveacarontheroadyougetadriver's

Iicense.

A.unIessB.ifC.sinee

26.一Mom,Iboughtustwoticketstothe2018INorIdCupinRussia.

ReaIIy?pIeasantsurprise!

A.HowB.WhatC.Whata

27.BritishphysicistStephenHawking,whoasthe“smartest

manalive",passedawayinEnglandonMarch14,2018.

A.PraisedB.waspraisedC.wiIIbepraised

28.Aslongasthewholeofoursocietytrying,wewiIImake

ourskiesbIueagain.

A.keepsB.wiIIkeepC.kept

29.Kids,Ihopeyou'IIrememberthegoodolddayswespent

togetherinjuniorhighthoughit'stimetosaygoodbye.

A.whoB.whatC.which

30.——DoesanybodywanttoshareonFather'sDay?

―Guesswhat?I'llwriteapoemformydad.

A.whenwiIIyoushopB.whatyouwiIIdo

C.whereyouwiIIgo

第二节词语填空通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从题中所给的A、

B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。（共10小题，计10分）

WhenIwasfifteenyearsoId,Ibecameveryinterestedin

shopping.Afterawhilebeingjustabuyer,Iwantedto31

something.IhadmanythingsthatInoIongerneededathome.Iknew

withtheheIpofmyfatherIcouIdmakemoney.Soformonthsand

monthsI32myseIfbyseiIingthingsonmydad'sbankaccount（账

户）.

OnJuIy18th,2015,Imademyownaccountandbegantostart

myown33.ThingsweregoinggreatandthenIreaIizedthat

sellingthingsaroundthehousewasn't34forme,soIdecided

toexpand（拓展）mybusinessbyrunningare-saIeshop.Iwentaround

totheyardsaIesandboughtthingsatIowpricesandsoIdthemat

35pricestomakemoney.

LastOctober,IwenttoayardsaIethatwasaIittIebit

different.AIadyhadmanynicethingstosell.Iwentuptoher

andhada36withher.Throughthecommunication,Iknewshe

wasjobIessatthatmomentandneededmoneytofeedherfamily.I

thoughtIcouIddoitbetterandmorequicklyforher.SoImade

adecisiontoheIpherout.SheIookedatmeforawhileandthen

said37.AfterthatItookawaysomeofherthingsandoverthe

nextmonthImade$1,500forher!WhenIgaveherthemoney,she

brokedownintotears（眼泪）38.

Ihaveneverfeltso39toheIpsomeoneinmylife.Iknow

myskiIIscouldbeusedtoheIpthoseinneedandthatevenonesmaII

actofkindnesscouId40.

31.A.buyB.seIIC.produce

32.A.annoyedB.enjoyedC.punished

33.A.businessB.hoIidayC.education

34.A.famiIiarB.heIpfuIC.enough

35.A.higherB.IowerC.half

36.A.competitionB.fightC.conversation

37.A.noB.yesC.sorry

38.A.peacefuIIyB.regretfuIIyC.thankfuIIy

39.A.worriedB.stressedC.pIeased

41.TheticketpriceincludesthefollowingEXCEPT

A.drinksB.snacksC.freeWi-Fi

42.Fromtheposter（海报）above,wecanknowthat

A.theeventendsat10p.m.

B.theeventisjustforthebestpIayers

C.theticketonIineischeaperthanthatatthedoor

B

NameJonathanSmith

DateofbirthFeb.25,2001

PlaceofbirthNewYork,NY,theUSA

Address:37GreenfieIdRoad,Sydney,

Contact（联系方AustraIia

式）Telephone:0123186225689

E-maiI:jonathan@

GED-12,includingEnglishandmath

EducationGreenfieldHighSchooI,Sydney,

AustraIia

WaiteratBetty'sPizzaRestauranton

Saturdays一9months;

WorkexperienceVolunteerasajudge（裁判）in

GreenfieldNurserySchoolsports

meeting一3times

EngIish一firstIanguage

Languages

Chinese-secondIanguage

SkillsandSports,singing,drawing,traveIing,

interestsgardening

43.Accordingtothechart（图表），howoldisJonathanthisyear?

A.17.B.27.C.37.

44.WheredidJonathanreceivehishighschooleducation?

A.InLondon.B.InNewYork.C.InSydney.

45.Thecharttellsusthat.

A.Jonathanhasn*tgotanyworkexperience

B.JonathanknowstwolanguagesandIovesIife

C.JonathancanbecontactedthroughWeChatmessages

第二节短文理解阅读下面的短文，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，

选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共10小题，计20分）

A

Afterwandering（闲逛）aroundin

foraIongtime,TomfinalIyfound

standinginfrontofthepaIace.He

throughitsgoIdengate,hopingtotake

reaIprinee（王子）.

Thereweresomeguards（卫兵）standingatbothsidesofthegate.

Tom,dressedbadly,wasmovingnervousIypastthemwhenhesuddenIy

caughtsightofaweII-dressedboywhowasfoIIowedbyseveraI

servants.Hewasnodoubttheprinee!

Tomwasexcited.HewantedtogetcIosetotheprineeandhave

agoodlookathim.However,aguardsawhimandstoppedhimrudeIy

鲁地）.

Theyoungprinee,whosenamewasEdward,wasangrywiththeguard

forhisrudeness.HeaskedtheguardtoopenthegateandtookTom

tohisroominthepaIace.

Thetwoboysbecamegoodfriends.Theyevenexchangedtheir

clothesafterTomtoIdEdwardthathehaddreamtaboutdressingIike

aprince.Astheystoodsidebysideinfrontofagreatmirror,

theyweresurprisedtofindthattheyIookedaImostIiketwins!

Thetwoboyswereineachother'scIotheswhenEdwardsuddenIy

noticedabruise（瘀伤）onTom'shand.HesoonreaIizedthatitwas

causedbytheguardwhohadstoppedTomrudely.Inamoment,the

youngprineeranoutoftheroom.Hedecidedtopunishtheguard.

However,theguarddidn'treaIizethattheprineewasinTom's

oldwornclothes.HehitEdwardheavilyontheearandthrewhim

outofthepaIace.

46.WhydidTomIookthroughthegateofthepaIace?

A.TotaIkwiththeguard.

B.ToaskforapIacetoIivein.

C.TohaveaIookatareaIprinee.

47.HowdidTomfeeIwhilemovingpasttheguards?

A.Nervous.B.Excited.C.Proud.

48.WhenTomwasstopped,Edwardgotmadbecauseof.

A.thebadmannersofTom

B.thestrictruIesofthepaIace

C.therudebehavioroftheguard

49.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.EdwardandTomweretwinbrothers.

B.Edwardwaskind,caringandfriendIy.

C.EdwardwastiredofIivinginthepaIace.

50.Wecaninfer（推断）fromthepassagethat.

A.bIoodisthickerthanwater

B.twoheadsarebetterthanone

C.neverjudgepeopIebytheirlooks.

B

EIephantsaretheIargestlandanimals

alivetoday.AfricaneIephantsIivein

famiIygroupscalledherds（群）.AlIofthe

eIephantsintheherdtakecareofeachother.

TheIeaderoftheherdisanoldmothereIephant.Sheisthe

matriarch（族长）.Aherdmayhaveasfewaseightorasmanyas100

eIephants.TheothereIephantsfollowthematriarchbecauseshe

knowshowtokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger.

EIephantsIearnbywatchingandcopyingothereIephants,and

aIsoIearnfromIife.BabyeIephantsstaywiththeirmothersuntiI

theyarefullygrownatabouttenyearsoId.ElephantsIivetobe

50or60yearsoId.ElephantsaresmartanimalswithIongmemories.

Inthedryseason,amatriarchcanrememberwherewaterwasfound

inthepast.TheherdwiIIfollowherthere.ShecanaIsoremember

thesafestpIaceforbabyeIephantstocrossafast-movingriver.

EIephantstaIktoeachotherwithrumbIingsounds.SomerumbIing

soundsaresolowanddeepthatpeopIeareunabIetohearthem.

EIephantshearsoundsnotonIywiththeirears,butaIsowiththeir

feet,andeventrunks（longnosesoftheelephants）.TheyaIsogreet

eachotherbytouchingwiththeirtrunksandfeet.Ifdangerappears,

mothersbeattheirearstocaIItheirbabiestothem.

Otheranimalsdon'tusuaIIyattack（攻击）eIephants.However,

aIionmighttrytoattackasickeIephantorababy.Ifthishappens,

theadulteIephantscirclearoundthebabyeIephants.TheaduIts

makeloudersoundsandhitthegroundwiththeirtrunks.The

matriarchputsherselfbetweentheIionandtheherd.Shebeatsher

earsouttomakeherseIfIookevenIarger.ThensheIowersherherd

andattackstheenemy（敌人）inabigcIoudofdust（灰尘）.

51.AccordingtoParagraph（段落）One,aneIephantherd.

A.hasafathereIephantastheIeader

B.ownsamatriarchwhokeepsitawayfromdanger

C.alwayshasseveraIleadersandhundredsofelephants

52.LongmemoriesheIpelephantsto.

A.choosetheirmatriarch

B.communicatewitheachother

C.findwaterandcrosstheriver

53.WhatdoestheunderIinedword“rumbling"mean?

A.低沉的B.尖细的C.高亢的

54.WhydotheadulteIephantscirclearoundtheirbabies?

A.Tokeeptheirbabiessafe.

B.ToweIcometheirfriends.

C.Toattacktheirenemies.

55.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout

A.whytheeIephantsIiveinherds

B.whattheeIephants'Iivinghabitsare

C.howtheeIephantsavoidbeingattacked

第三节语篇补全阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白

处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。（共4小题，计8分）

Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturally,

whileabadmemoryassomethingthatcannotbechanged.Infact,

thereisaIotthatyoucandotoimproveyourmemory.Herearesome

tips（贝占士）foryou.

♦56.

WeaIIrememberthethingsweareinterestedin,andaIways

forgettheonesthatboreus.ThisexpIainsthereasonwhyschooIboys

rememberfootbaIIresultseasilybutstruggle（挣扎）withdates

fromtheirhistoryIessons!DeveIopanactiveinterestinwhatyou

wanttoremember.Onewaytomakeyourselfmoreinterestedisto

askquestions一themore,thebetter!

♦Repeatthingsinchunks（块）.

Repeatingthingsinchunksisthebestwaytorememberthings

forashorttime,forexampIe,rememberingaphonenumberforafew

seconds.

57.ThefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibIeformost

ofustoremember:1492178919318483.ButIookatthemin"groups”

or“chunks“repeatedIy;anditbecomesmucheasier：14921789

19318483.

♦Inventastory.

TorememberIongIists,tryinventingastorywhichincIudesaII

thethingsyouwanttoremember.Inexperimerits,peoplewereasked

torememberupto120wordsusingthisway.Whentheyweretested

Iater,theycouIdrememberabout90%ofthem.58.

♦TakephysicaIexercise.

PhysicaIexerciseisimportantforyourmemory,becauseit

increasesyourheartrate（心率）andsendsmoreoxygen（氧气）toyour

brain,andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter.

59.Asweknow,toomuchpressureisverybadfor

thememory.

A.Takeaninterest.

B.ExerciseaIsoIowersstress.

C.ThetestresultwasreaIlyamazing!

D.Anotherwaytoimprovememoryistogetenoughrest.

E.GroupingnumbersmayheIpyoutorememberthem.

第四节阅读表达阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内

容回答问题。（共5小题，计10分）

InHebei,thereisasmaIIviIIagecaIIedYeIi.

ThroughtheviIIage,youcanseegreentreesaIongtheriverbank.

However,youcanhardIyimaginethat,about16yearsago,thisarea

wascoveredwithrocksandweeds（杂草）.ThebigchangeisaII

becauseofyearsofhardworkbytwobestfriends:JiaHaixia,who

isblind,andJiaWenqi,whohasnoarms.

ThetwofriendsdecidedtopIanttreestomakeaIivingback

in2002.AlthoughbotharedisabIedftheyIearnedtoworktogether

bybecomingeachother5seyesandhands.WithIittIemoneytobuy

youngtrees,theyhadtocolIectandpIantcuttings（插枝，插条）.

Everymorning,theywenttotheriverbanktogether.JiaWenqiwaIked

inthefrontandJiaHaixiafollowedhimbyholdingoneofhis

friend'semptysleeves（衣袖）.Aftertheyarrivedattheriverbank,

JiaHaixiawouldclimbonhisfriend'sshouIderstogetcuttings

andJiaWenqiwouIdteIIhimwhichcuttingswerethebest.After

that,theydughoIesonthegroundandwateredthecuttingstogether.

TheypIanted800treesinthefirstyear,butonIytwo

survived（存活）.Theydidn'tgiveup.Instead,theycontinuedto

pIantmoreinthenextfewyears.Theriverbankisnowhometoover

tenthousandtrees.

Today,thetwofriendsnoIongerneedtomakealivingby

pIantingtrees,buttheyhavenopIanstostop.TheyaimtopIant

asmanytreesaspossibIeintheareasoastoprotecttheviIIage

fromflooding（洪水）andtoimprovetheIocaIenvironment.

60.WheredidthestorytakepIace?

61.CouIdpeopIeseemanygreentreesthere16yearsago?

62.HowdidthesetwodisabIedmenworktogether?（Nomorethan12

words）

63.HowmanytreesarethereaIongtheriverbanknowadays?

64.What'sthepurposeoftheirpIantingtreesnow?

IV.写作技能（三部分，共11小题，计32分）

第一节语篇翻译阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。（共5

小题，计10分）

Peoplehavebeentryingtofindoutifhomeworkisgoodorbad

forschooIchiIdren,andtheyhavedifferentopinions.

65.SomepeopIethinkthathomework

isanimportantpartofIearningforstudents,

TheybeIieveitnotonIyenabIeschiIdren

topracticewhattheyhaveIearnedincIass,

butaIsoheIpsimprovetheirhandwriting.TheyaIsosaythat

homeworkheIpsteachchiIdrenhowtoworkontheirown.66.Also,

it'saskillwhichisusefuItotheminfutureIife.

Othersdisagree,though.67.他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的

压力。Andthetimespentonhomeworkcouldhavebeenusedtodo

otheractivitiesIikereadingandplayingsports.Tobackuptheir

opinion,theygivetheexampIeofFinland（芬兰）.68.在芬兰,学

生几乎没什么作业。Butthecountryremainsoneofthemost

educationaIIysuccessfuIcountriesintheworId.

Hereismypointofview（观点）onthismatter.69.Whetherthe

homeworkisgoodorbaddependsonthepurposeofit.Ifthereis

nocIearreasonforgivinghomework,thestudentswon'tgetanything

fromdoingit,soitshouldnotbeset.However,IstillbeIieve

thathomeworkcanreaIIyheIpwithchiIdren'sIearning,ifteachers

clearlyteIIthemwhytheyshouIddothehomeworkandIetthemknow

howtheyhavedoneintheirhomework.

65.

66.

67.

68.

69.

第二节情景交际通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。（共5小

题，计10分）

A：Hey,EmiIy,how*sitgoing?

B:70.Youknowwhat?I'vemadesomeprogress

inEnglish,andIgotan"A"intheIastexam.

A:Wow,goodforyou!YoureffortsfinalIypaidoff.

71?

B:WeII,IjustIistenedtotheteachercarefullyinclass.Besides,

readingEnglishnewspapersandnoveIsheIpedmealot.

A:Nowondergrammarisjustapieceofcakeforyounow.

B:Anyhow,IstillhaveaIongwaytogo.Bytheway,Icalledyou

atnineo'cIockIastnight,butyoudidn'tanswer.

729

A:Oh,terribIysorry.IwaswatchingthemovieAmazingChina.

73?

B:Yes,Ihave.AmazingChinareaIIyshowsushowamazingChinais!

AlItheChinesepeopIeareproudofourcountry.

A:Ican'tagreemore.I'dIiketowatchmoremoviesIikethatafter

thebigexaminJune.ButnowIhavetogoaIIoutfortheexam.

B:Youareright.Studycomesfirst.GoodIuck,myfriend.

A:74.Thesametoyou!

第三节书面表达（计12分）

75.假如你是李华，于4月