2022成都市高考英语阅理和作文自选练习(4)及答案

阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2021·四川省绵阳市第三次诊断)Chelyabinsk，Russia—Ameteorite(陨石)movedquicklyacrosstheskyandexplodedovercentralRussiaonFeb.15,2021，rainingfireballsoveravastareaandcausingashockwavethatsmashedwindows，damagedbuildingsandinjured1,200people.PeopleheadingtoworkinChelyabinskheardwhatsoundedlikeanexplosion，sawabrightlightandthenfelttheshockwave，accordingtoaReutersjournalistintheindustrialcity1,500kmeastofMoscow.Thefireball，travellingataspeedof30kmpersecondaccordingtoRussianspaceagencyRoscosmos，hadblazed(熊熊燃烧)acrossthehorizon，leavingalongwhitetrailthatcouldbeseenasfaras200kmaway.Caralarmswentoff，thousandsofwindowswerebrokenandmobilephonenetworkswereinterruptedforashorttime.TheInteriorMinistrysaidthemeteoriteexplosion，averyrarespectacle，alsoreleasedagreatexplosivesound.“Iwasdrivingtowork.Itwasquitedark，butitsuddenlybecamebrightasifitwereday，”saidViktorProkofiev,36，aresidentofYekaterinburgintheUralsMountains.“IfeltlikeIwasblindedbyheadlights.”Themeteorite，whichweighedabout10tonnesandmayhavebeenmadeofiron，enteredEarth’satmosphereandbrokeapart30km­50kmabovegroundaccordingtoRussia’sAcademyofSciences.“TheenergyreleasedwhenitenteredtheEarth’satmospherewasequaltoafewkilotonnes，”theacademysaid，“thepowerofasmallatomicweaponexploding.”NodeathswerereportedbuttheEmergenciesMinistrysaid20,000rescueandclean­upworkersweresenttoUralsRegionafterPresidentVladimirPutintoldEmergenciesMinisterVladimirPuchkovtoeaseandhelpthevictims.TheInteriorMinistrysaidabout1,200peoplehadbeeninjured，atleast200ofthemchildren，andmostfrombrokenpiecesofglass.1．Whatdowelearnaboutthemeteoritefromthepassage?A．Itisaveryhugeballmadeofiron.B．Itquicklybrokeapartontheground.C．ItexplodedoverRussia’sUralsRegion.D．It’ssimilartoanA­bombinweight.22．Theunderlinedword“smashed”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．broke B．meltedC．swallowed D．cleared3．Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.A．Moscowis1,500kilometersawayfromtheeastofChelyabinskB．manyhousesweredestroyed，withlotsofpeoplereportedmissingC．ViktorProkofievbecameblindafterseeingtherarespectacleD．theshockwavebrieflyinfluencedmobilephonenetworks4．Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?A．“MeteoriteRush”BeginsinRussiaB．PresidentPutinOrdersAssistanceC．MeteoriteHitsRussia,1,200PeopleHurtD．MeteoriteFliesQuicklyAcrossRussia【参考答案】语篇解读文章报道了陨石在俄罗斯乌拉尔地区爆炸，导致1200人受伤的大事。1．解析：细节理解题。依据第一段中的“explodedovercentralRussiaonFeb.15,2021”以及倒数其次段中的“rescueandclean­upworkersweresenttoUralsRegion”可知，陨石在俄罗斯乌拉尔地区爆炸。答案：C2．解析：词义猜想题。依据画线词所在句“causingashockwavethatsmashedwindows，damagedbuildingsandinjured1,200people”以及第四段中的“thousandsofwindowswerebroken”可推知smashed与broke的意思最接近。答案：A3．解析：细节理解题。依据第四段中的“mobilephonenetworkswereinterruptedforashorttime”可知D项正确。答案：D4．解析：主旨大意题。第一段是本则新闻的主旨，C项既点明白大事主题“陨石攻击俄罗斯”，又报道了其后果“1200人受伤”，所以选C项。答案：C。【广东省广州市2022模拟】基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）以下是佛山剪纸艺术的相关信息：历史：1)传统的民间艺术，历史悠久，起源于1000多年前;2)清朝时期开头盛行，是人们日常生活的一部分。种类：1)三种：用于装饰、宗教和设计;2)用于装饰的剪纸使用最为广泛。现状：1)送礼佳品，深受外国友人宠爱;2)有30多家经营剪纸的商店，产品远销东南亚。[写作内容]请依据以上信息写一篇英语短文，介绍佛山剪纸艺术，供外国游客参考，内容包括：佛山剪纸艺术的历史、种类及现状。[写作要求]1.只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；2.作文中不能毁灭真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准]句子结构精确     ，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。基础写作【参考范文】Foshanpaper-cuttingisatraditionalfolkartwithalonghistory,whichdatesbacktomorethan1000yearsago.InQingDynasty,paper-cuttingbecamepopularinFoshanandwasanimportantpartofpeople’sdailylife.Therearethreekindsofpapercuts:papercutsfordecoration,forreligiouspurposesandfordesign,amongwhichthosefordecorationarethemostwidelyused.Nowadays,paper-cuttingproductsareoftenchosenaspresentsandforeignerarealwaysfondofthem.Therearemorethan30shopsforpapercutsinFoshan,andpaper-cuttingproductssellasfarasinSoutheastAsia.【广东省广州市2022模拟】读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)阅读下面的短文，然后依据要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Forminggoodstudyhabitsisagreatstartonapathtosuccess.Evensmallchangescanmakeabigdifferenceand,overtime,willchangenotonlyyourapproachtowardstudyingandorganizingbutyouroveralloutlookonschoolandwork.Havingeffectivestudyhabitscreatesamoreefficientacademicenvironment.Planningyourstudyscheduleinadvanceandfaithfullystickingtoitsavestime.Evengivingconsiderationtosmalldetailsmakesadifference.Developinganefficientstudyplancanmakeyouracademiclifegomuchmoresmoothly.Whenyouhavegoodstudyhabits,youtendtobelessstressed.Studentswhoareanxiousonexamdayaretypicallythosewhocameunprepared.Studentswhoorganizetheirlivesandsticktotheirstudyschedulesareconfidentandrelaxedattest-takingtime.Regardlessofwhetheryouaresettingagoodexampleforclassmatesorforfriends,showinggoodstudyhabitscanhaveapositiveeffectonthosearoundyou.Yourfriendsandclassmatesmayturntotheirownstudiesasyoustudy.Yourroommatesmaybeinspiredtoorganizetheirownroomsandstudyplans.[写作内容]你校的英文报组织了关于“养成良好学习习惯”的争辩,上文是刊登在该报上的文章。你看完文章后，想就这一主题写一篇英语短文并投稿，内容包括：1.以约30词概括上文的主要内容；2.以约120词就“养成良好学习习惯”进行争辩，并包括以下要点：（1）你有哪些好的学习习惯；（2）好的学习习惯挂念你成功的经受；（3）如何才能养成好的学习习惯。[写作要求]1.作文中可以使用亲身经受或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2.作文中不能毁灭真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准] 概括精确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。读写任务【参考范文】Bydevelopinggoodstudyhabits,youwillworkmoreefficientlyandexperiencinglessstressinthelearningprocess.Havinggoodhabitsandskillscanalsoinfluencethosearoundyou.Asforme,IbenefitalotfrommygoodhabitslikegettingupearlytoreadEnglishaloud,goingoverwhatIhavelearnedbeforegoingtobed,andlisteningtosomeEnglishprogramseveryday.Inthepast,IdarednotspeakEnglishbecauseIwaspoorinpronunciation.Thankstomygoodhabits,however,IhavebeenmakingprogressinmyEnglishspeaking.NowI’mactivelyinvolvedinthediscussioninEnglishclasses,andalso,I’mdoingmuchbetterinenglishexams.Therefore,Ithinkitisofgreatsignificancetocultivategoodstudyhabits.Whenyouhavemadeaplan,sticktoitforatleastoneweek,nomatterhowharditis.Thenyoumayfinditisnotasdifficultasitappeared.Besides,findingapartnertostudytogetherwithisalsoagoodwaytokeepyoumotivated.【甘肃省嘉峪关市一中2022模拟】书面表达（满分25分）假如你是李华。你的两位伴侣Tom与Peter几天前发生了争吵。3月9日是Peter生日，Tom想送他一个礼物来缓和关系，修复友情，特地发来邮件寻求你的建议。请你依据以下要点给Tom回一封邮件：1.礼物选择2.你的理由3.其他和解建议留意：1.词数100左右2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数DearTom,I’mgladtohearthatyouareconsideringmakingupwithPeter.LiHua【参考范文】写作（25分）DearTom,I’mgladtohearthatyouareconsideringmakingupwithPeter.IfIwereyou,Iwouldconsiderabikeasabirthdaypresentforhim.AsfarasIknow,Peterisalwaysinpoorhealthsohecantakemoreexercisebyridingabiketobuilduphisbody.Inthemeanwhile,youcanoftengooutingbybiketogether,whichishelpfultorebuildyourfriendship.Besides,takingabikeisanenvironmentally-friendlymeansoftransport.It’sconvenientforhimtogetaroundaswell.Apartfromgivinghimagift,youcanalsoadoptothermeans,suchastravelling,seeingamovie,havingdinnerandgoingshopping.Nomatterwhatyoudo,beingsincereisthemostimportant.Ireallyhopethatwecanbegoodfriendsforever.Bestwishes,LiHua【东北三省2022模拟】书面表达（满分25分）假如你是李华，你的美国网友Tom想要了解一下你所在学校的校内布局，请你依据下面的简图给他写一封e-mail，描述一下你的学校，并简洁表达你对学校的情感。留意：1.词数100字左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearTom,HowareyouandImissyou!I’dliketointroducethelayoutofmyschooltoyou._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【参考范文】书面表达：DearTom,Howareyou?Imissyou.I’dliketointroducethelayoutofmyschooltoyou.Enteringthecampus,youwillsteponthemainpathleadingthroughthewholecampus.Ontheleftofthecrossroadsislocatedthemodernlaboratorybuildingwhileoursplendidteachingbuildingisontherightwherewehavefascinatinglessonseveryday.Attheendofthemainpath,thelibraryontheleftgreetsyouandthegymisontheoppositeside.Happily,wedosportsafterclassinthefootballfieldwhichisbetweenthelibraryandthelabbuilding;thebasketballcourtfacesthefootballfieldacrossthemainpath.Ilovemyschoolwithstudentsworkinghardtorealizetheirdreamsandteacherstraininguslikeourparents.Providedyoucanvisitmyschoolsomeday,Iwillshowyouaroundit.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Bestwishes.Yours,Lihua阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Mynewly-rentedsmallapartmentwasfarawayfromthecentreofLondonanditwasbecomingessentialformetofindajob,sofinallyIspentawholemorninggettingtotownandputtingmynamedowntobeconsideredbyLondonTransportforajobontheunderground.Theywerelookingforguards,notdrivers.Thissuitedme.Icouldn’tdriveacarbutthoughtthatIcouldprobablyguardatrain,andperhapscontinuetowritemypoemsbetweenstations.ThewritersKeatsandChekhovhadbeendoctors.T.S.EliothadworkedinabankandWallaceStevensforaninsurancecompany.I’dbeasubwayguard.Icouldseemyselfbeingcheerful,useful,agoodmaninacrisis.ObviouslyI’dbeoverqualifiedbutIwaswillingtoforgetaboutthatinreturnforasteadyincomeandtravelprivileges—thosebeingparticularlywelcometosomeonelivingalongwayfromthecitycentre.ThenextdayIsatdown,withalmostahundredothercandidates,fortheintelligencetest.Imusthavedoneallrightbecauseafterabouthalfanhour’swaitIwassentintoanotherroomforapsychologicaltest.Thistimetherewereonlyaboutfiftycandidates.Theinterviewersatatadesk.Candidatesweresignaledforwardtooccupytheseatoppositehimwhenthepreviousoccupanthadbeendismissed,afteragreaterorshortertime.Obviouslythelonginterviewswerethemoresuccessfulones.Someoftheinterviewswereasshortasfiveminutes.Minewastheonlyonethatlastedaminuteandahalf.Icanrememberthequestionsnow:“Whydidyouleaveyourlastjob?”“Whydidyouleaveyourjobbeforethat?”“Andtheonebeforethat?”Ican’trecallmyanswers,exceptthattheywereshortatfirstandgrewprogressivelyshorter.Hisclosingstatement,Ithought,revealedalackofsensitivitywhichhelpedtoexplainwhyasapsychologist,hehadrisennohigherthantheundergroundrailway.“You’vefailedthepsychologicaltestandweareunabletoofferyouaposition.”Failingtogetthatjobwasmylowpoint.OrsoIthought,believingthattheworkwaseasy.Actually,suchjobs—beingapostm