2021青岛市高考英语阅读理解自练及答案12

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。体裁：谈论文话题：如何减压时间：6分钟Ourchildrenfeelstressedoutbyaneducationalsystemthatactuallyusesstressasaneducationaltechnique.It'saconstantpressureofhomeworkdeadlines，essaysandexams.Andourchildrenaretoldatayoungagethatfailingatestmeansthattheyarefailuresinlife.They'llendupnowhereiftheydon'tpassthisorthatexam.OureducationalsystemisbasedonaveryWesternideathatlifeisastruggleandyou'dbettermeasureup.It'ssurvivalofthefittest.Whilethereissometruthtothis，notasmuchaspeoplethink.Ourancestorsdidn'tdevelopaconstantstressenvironment.Backthen，stresscamequicklyandwasoverquickly，itwasn'tlikethestressofmoderneducation.Stresswasoriginallyjustashort­termbiologicalresponsetodanger；however，theconstantstressofmoderneducationrarelystops.It'slongterm，atleasttenyearsandusuallymore.Recentresearchhasshownthattheneurological(神经系统的)responsetostressisthesameresponsethatisfoundindepression.So，what'sthesolution?Anumberhavebeenproposed，includingbutnotlimitedtothefollowing.________.Exerciseconsumesenergythatwouldotherwisebuildupinthestressresponseandcouldcausephysicalandmentalproblems.Teachrelaxationexercises.Allowingthemindandbodytorelaxcutsoffthestressresponseandreducestheneurologicalfatigue，enablingtheindividualtorecoveratleastsomewhat.Payattentiontothinking.Trainingthestressedstudenttopayattentiontohisorherownmindtoapointwhereheorsheissufficientlyawaretoshutoffthestressresponsewhennecessary.Ofcourse，there'salogicalanswertotheproblem.Justrearrangeourteachingmethodstoencourage，ratherthanprevent，thenaturalcuriosityandjoyinlearningthatweareallbornwith.Thiswouldremovethestressandprobablycutlearningtimeinhalf.【语篇导读】在现行训练制度下，孩子们的压力很大，已经不堪重负了。作为家长和老师，应当怎样有效的挂念孩子减压呢？1．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Dealingwithstressinmoderneducation.B．Helpingchildrenliveahappylife.C．Gettingridofthemoderneducation.D．Takingmeasurestolearnatschool.解析主旨大意题。这是一篇谈论文，叙述了现行训练制度下，如何挂念孩子摆脱压力。故选A项。答案A2．Childrenfeelstressedbecause______.A．theydisliketheeducationaltechniqueB．theyhavenoabilitytofinishtheirhomeworkC．theyareconvincedhighgradesareimportantD．theysuffernumbersoffailuresintheirlife解析细节理解题。依据文章第一段的ourchildrenaretoldatayoungagethatfailingatestmeansthattheyarefailuresinlife可知，孩子们很小的时候就被告知考试失败意味着他们生活中也会失败。故选C项。答案C3．Howdidourancestorstreateducation?A．Theythoughteducationwastheonlywaytosuccess.B．Theyfelteducationcouldbringshort­termstress.C．Theybelievededucationcouldbringthebestout.D．Theyknewtheimportanceofgoodeducation.解析推理推断题。依据文章其次段的Backthen，stresscamequicklyandwasoverquickly可知，我们的祖先那时候，在训练方面压力来得快，也很快结束，是短期行为，故选B项。答案B4．Whichofthefollowingisthebestfortheblank?A．Makesurethatkidsgetexercise.B．Quiteafewchildrenavoidexercise.C．Trytosaveenergyasmuchaspossible.D．Setafewlimitstoyourphysicalactivities.解析推理推断题。运动消耗能量，否则这些能量引起压力反应，可能会导致身体和心理问题。因此让孩子们参与运动，这样可以减压。故选A项。答案A5．Ifyouareateacherinahighschool______.A．youshouldrelaxyourselfasfaraspossibleB．youshouldignorethestressedstudentC．youshouldleavestudentsinagoodmoodD．youshouldsticktoyourteachingmethods解析细节理解题。依据文章尾段可知，老师应当鼓舞孩子们的奇异   心，让孩子们在愉悦中学习。故选C项。答案C【2022高考英语广东省梅州市质检试卷】CTheancientEgyptiansappearedtobeamongthefirstearlycivilizationstolearnhowtogrowroses.In1888,atHawaraintheElFaiyumareaofEgypt,two-thousand-year-oldroseswerefoundinancienttombs.Thediscoverysuggestedroseswereanimportantpartofthecomplexburialceremonywhichtookplacewhenanimportantpersondied.Therosesfoundinthetombsarethoughtbymodernexpertstobetheoldestpreservedflowerseverfoundintheworld.Theymusthavebeencutanddriedbeforefloweringsothattheywouldremainundamaged.Overthecenturies,theroseshadshrunkandbecametightballs,butoncarefulexaminationitwasdiscoveredthatthepetals(花瓣)themselveswerehardlydamaged.Egypt’sskillinmass-cultivation（大面积栽培）ofrosesinearlytimesledtotheflowersbecominganimportantexportproduct.AttheheightoftheRomanEmpire,EgyptexportedlargequantitiesofrosestotheRomancourts.WealthyRomanslovedthebeautifulcolorsandsweetsmellsofroses.SotheRomansattemptedtogrowtheirownrosesandtheyeventuallymasteredtheartofmasscultivation.Egyptthendecidedtoconcentrateongrowinggraininsteadofroses,sograinsoontookoverasthenumber-oneagriculturalproductofEgypt.Roseswereappreciatedinotherearlycivilizationstoo,includingGreeceandPersia.Theyareadecorativefeatureoncoins,sculpture,andvasesdatingbackthousandsofyears.ThereisalsoevidencethatroseswerehighlyvaluedbytheChinesewhobelievedthattheflowerscouldbeusedtohelptreatawiderangeofillnesses,fromtoothachetoskinandchestdiseases.Inthemodernworld,therosehasnotlostitspopularityasthe“QueenofFlowers”—thenamegiventoitbytheGreekpoetessSappho.Eventodaymorerosesaresoldthananyotherflower.Moderntechniqueshaveenabledpeopletocreateevermorebeautifulroses.Transportationbyairmakesitpossibletogrowrosesincountrieswithfavorableclimatesandsellthemwithintwenty-fourhoursinprofitablemarketsallovertheworld.Tonsofrosesaretransportedthiswayeveryweek.RosesfromEcuador,acountryinnorthernSouthAmerica,canbeboughtinHolland,eventhoughthatcountryitselfhasahugerose-growingbusiness.36.TherosesdiscoveredatHawarain1888were______.A.buriedaboutfourthousandyearsagoB.cutaftertheyfloweredC.usedtokeepthedeadbodyfreshD.finelypreserved37.Grainreplacedrosestobecomethenumber-oneagriculturalproductofEgyptbecause_____.A.theEgyptiansshowedlessinterestinrosesB.thecompetitioninroseexportbecamefierceC.theRomanscouldgrowrosesforthemselvesD.grainwasingreatdemandintheworldmarket38.Paragraph3isdevelopedmainly_____.A.bycauseandeffect B.byorderinspaceC.byorderintime D.byexamples39.WiththeexampleofrosesfromEcuador,theauthorshows______.A.moderntechniqueshelpthecultivationofrosesB.airtransporthelpstherosetradeworldwideC.rosesgrowninEcuadorareworld-famousD.rosesaresoldmorethananyotherflower40.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.QueenofflowersB.Historyofgrowingroses C.BigarcheologicaldiscoveryD.Rosetradearoundtheworld【参考答案】36-40DCDBA本文是说明文。文章介绍了花中女王——玫瑰。36.D。细节理解题。由第一段的theywouldremainundamaged和thepetalsthemselveswerehardlydamaged可知，这些出土的玫瑰保存完好。37.C。细节理解题。由其次段的SotheRomans…masteredtheartofmasscultivation可知，罗马人最终把握了大面积栽培玫瑰的技术，不需要大量进口埃及人的玫瑰了，因此埃及人把种植谷物放到了首位。38.D。写作手法题。本段介绍了玫瑰在其他文明古国一样受欢迎，列举了玫瑰在希腊、波斯、中国的用途。39.B。推理推断题。联系上一句Transportationbyair...allovertheworld可知，空运促成了玫瑰销售的全球化。这个例子正是用来说明这一点。40.A。标题归纳题。本文对玫瑰栽培的历史和当今玫瑰产业进行了简要介绍。第四段提到了the“QueenofFlowers”，因此用A项作标题格外恰当。【2022高考英语广东省梅州市质检试卷】DAustraliancitiescankeeptheirnativewildlife—butonlyiftheycankicktheirhabitofurbansprawl(无方案的扩展).That’sthefindingofanewstudybyleadingAustralianenvironmentalresearchersJessicaSushinsky,ProfessorHughPossinghamandDrRichardFullerofTheUniversityofQueensland.“Whileurbandevelopmentusuallyreducesthenumberofbirdsinacity,buildingmorecompact(紧凑的)citiesandavoidingurbansprawlcanslowthesereductionsgreatly,”saysleadauthorJessicaSushinsky.“Compacthousingdevelopmentleavesbirds’homesuntouched,leadingtofewerlossesofbirds.”TheresearcherssurveyednativeandwildbirdsinBrisbane’surbanareas,includinglivingandindustrialareas,publicparksandgardens,majorroadwaysandairports.Theythenusedstatisticalmodelingtofindoutwhatwillhappentothebirdsasthecitygrows.Thefirstsettingwascompactgrowth—wheremultiplehomesarebuiltonlandthatpreviouslyhadonlyonehouse.Thesecondsettingwassprawlinggrowth—afamiliarpatternwherehomesarebuilthereandtherebeyondthecity’scurrentboundaries.Theteam’sforecastsshowedthatamuchgreaterdiversityofspecieswaslostover20yearsinthesprawlingsettingcomparedtothemorecompactsetting.“Urbansprawlresultedinthedisappearanceofmanyurban-sensitivebirds—birdsthatonlyliveinareaswherethereisnativevegetation(植被),suchasparklandsandwoodlands,”MsSushinskysays.“Ontheotherhand,wefoundthecitywiththecompactdevelopmentattractedmorebirdsbecauseitkeptmoreofitsparksandgreenareas.”NowtheQueenslandGovernmenthasadoptedthemorecompacturbangrowthstrategy,which,DrRichardFullersays,isgoodnewsforAustralia’snativebirds.Thesebirdsareenvironmentalspecialists—theyneedaparticularenvironmenttodowell.“Whilecompactdevelopmentmeanssmallerbackyards,itcanalsomakeourentirecitiesmorebiodiverse,”accordingtoDrFuller.“Thestudyshowsthatweshouldholdontoourgreenspacesinsteadofclearingthemforsprawlingdevelopment.”Thisisthefirsttimesciencehasmodeledtheeffectsofdifferenturbangrowthstrategiesonbirds,theresearcherssay.“Statisticalmodelsliketheseareimportantbecausetheyhelpustounderstandtheecologicalconsequencesofaparticulardecision,”saysDrFuller.41.Thestudydealswiththerelationshipbetween______.A.citydevelopmentandbirdsB.theenvironmentandbirdsC.humansandwildlifeD.climateandwildlife42.Whyiscompacturbangrowthbetterthanthesprawlingstrategy?A.Itmakesthecitiesmorebeautiful.B.Itgivespeoplelargerbackyards.C.Itismoney-saving.D.Itisbird-friendly.43.DrRichardFullerthinkstheQueenslandGovernment’saction______.A.isreallybraveB.isworthpraisingC.hasanuncertainfutureD.shouldbeperformednationwide44.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromthepassage?A.Itisbasedonthestatisticsinthepast.B.Itisstronglyagainsturbandevelopment.C.ItcriticizesthecityenvironmentinBrisbane.D.Itsuggestsleavingmoregreenspacesforbirds.45.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Atravelguide.C.Ahealthmagazine. D.Ahistorybook.D篇(环境)41-45ADBDA本文是新闻报道。澳大利亚争辩者发觉：紧凑型的城市进展能够使得城市保留大量绿地，为鸟类供应良好的生存空间。41.A。细节理解题。由其次段的urbandevelopmentusuallyreducesthenumberofbirdsinacity,buildingmorecompactcitiesandavoidingurbansprawlcanslowthesereductionsgreatly和最终一段可知，该争辩关注的是城市进展方式与鸟类之间的关系。42.D。推理推断题。依据倒数第三段的wefoundthecitywiththecompactdevelopmentattractedmorebirdsbecauseitkeptmoreofitsparksandgreenareas可知，紧凑型的城市进展模式有利于鸟类在城市的生存。43.B。推理推断题。依据倒数其次段的which,DrRichardFullersays,isgoodnewsforAustralia’snativebirds可知，DrRichardFuller赞扬昆士兰政府的做法。44.D。细节理解题。由第一段的kicktheirhabitofurbansprawl和第五段的wefoundthecitywiththecompactdevelopmentattractedmorebirdsbecauseitkeptmoreofitsparksandgreenareas及倒数其次段的Thestudyshowsthatweshouldholdontoourgreenspacesinsteadofclearingthemforsprawlingdevelopment可知，争辩人员主见紧凑型进展，让城市保留大量绿地。45.A。文章出处题。由文章第一段的That’sthefindingofanewstudyby...可知，本文最有可能选自一篇新闻报道。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Grandmacelebratedherfifty-thirdbirthdayjustweeksbeforegrandpadiedofcancerin1965.Althoughhispassingwasverydifficultforher,Ithinktheirsharedstruggletomakehislifelongertaughtgrandmathatgoodhealthwasnottobetakenforgranted,andshemadeuphermindtolivetherestofherownlifeasfullyandaslongasshecould.Oneday,whensheannouncedtoattendlessonsattheFredAstaireDanceStudioinPortland,Isupposegrandma'sprimarymotivationforwantingtolearntodancewassocial.Shehadbeenashygirl,alwaysverytallandheavy,andhadmarriedintograndpa'squietlifestylebeforedevelopinganyeleganceorconfidenceinherpersonalappearance.Dancing,ontheotherhand,filledherlifewithflashlights,wonderfulparties,beautifuldresses,handsomeyoungdanceinstructors,andthechallengeoflearning.Althoughtheweeklydancelessonsdidnotchangeherample,two-hundred-poundfigure,grandmasurprisedeveryonewithenergeticperformancesonthedancefloor,whichsoongaveherasmucheleganceandconfidenceasanyMissAmericancompetitor.Havingtakenweeklydancelessonsforyears,mygrandmalearnedvariousdanceseasilyandwassoonparticipatingindancingmatchesallovertheNorthwest.WhenIwasfourteen,grandmaproudlyinvitedmetowatchhercompeteinoneofthesematchestobeheldinthegrandballroomoftheRedLionInn.Myattitudewasstillunenthusiasticatthatpoint,buttomakeherhappy,mymotherandIattendedt