2021高考英语天津市(三月)阅读、完形填空自练(3)答案

2021高考英语天津市（三月）阅读、完形填空自练（3）答案阅读理解。Businessesarewitnessingadifficulttime,whichhasinturnproducedinfluenceonconsumers’desiretogogreen.However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns.Twothirdsofcustomerssaythatenvironmentalconsiderationsinformtheirpurchasestothesamedegreeastheydidayearago,whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy.Thismayhelptoinfluencehowshopsstoregoodsontheirshelves.Andthecompaniesshouldstillmakeeffortstobecomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Twooutofthreepeoplethinkitisimportanttobuyfromenvironmentallyresponsiblecompanies,withaboutoneinsevensayingthattheyhadevendecidedtotaketheircustomelsewhereiftheyfeltacompany’senvironmentalreputationwasnotgoodenough.HarryMorrison,chiefexecutive（主管）oftheCarbonTrust,sympathizes：“Iunderstandthissituationwheresurvivalisveryimportantnow.Butfromenvironmentalconsiderations,theclockisticking—wedon’thavemuchtime.Inaddition,cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand.”Largercompanieshaveanextramotivationtolookatreducingtheircarbonfootprint,asnewrulesnextyearwillrequirebusinessestobuycarbonallowancestomakeupfortheiremissions（排放）.Thosethathavetakenearlyactionwillhaveaheadstart.Morethantwothirdsofconsumersarenotclearaboutwhichcompaniesareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers.TheCarbonTrustbelievesthatitcanhelpbyinformingcustomersaboutthegoodworkcompaniesaredoing.“Whencompaniesaregranted（授予）thestandard,theycanusealogo（标识）inalltheirmarketingwhichmakesitclearthattheyareworkingtowardscuttingemissions,”Mr.Morrisonsaid.()1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Businessesarefindingwaystosendtheirmessagetotheshoppers.B.Companieswillsoongetinformationaboutcuttingcarbonemissions.C.Firmsaremakingeffortstoencouragecustomerstokeepgoodsathome.D.Firmsareurgedtocutcarbonemissionsbyshoppers’environmentalawareness.()2.Theunderlinedword“inform”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.A.affectB.changeC.disturbD.reject()3.AccordingtoHarryMorrison,businesses.A.willbenefitfromcuttingcarbonemissionsB.shouldbuycarbonallowancesforshoppersC.arerequiredtomakeupfortheircarbonemissionsD.haveencouragedshopperstotaketheircustomelsewhere()4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbusinesseswill.A.haveastrongdesiretoreducecostsB.usethesamelogointheirmarketingC.gainadvantagesbytakingearlyactionD.attractmoreshoppersbystoringgoods【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。现在顾客购物已经开头考虑环保的问题。面临顾客环保的心理需求，企业只有主动实行措施，削减排放，才会更好地赢得顾客的信任，进而获得更好的收益1、答案D。【解析】主旨大意题。依据第一段最终一句“However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns”及最终一段第一句可知，企业因购买者的环保意识而去减排。故选D项。2、答案A。【解析】词义猜想题。由本段中“whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy”可知，现在三分之二的顾客在购物时对环境的考虑比一年前程度加深了。因此A项符合句子意思3、答案A。解析】推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand”可以推断出：商业会受益于减排。因此A项符合文章。4、答案C。【解析】推理推断题。依据第五段最终一句“Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers”可知，早实行行动减排的企业可以更好地吸引顾客。因此可以推断出C项。.阅读理解【2022·江西省南昌两校高三上学期第四次联考】TheAmericannewspaperpublisherArthurSulzbergerSrdiedattheageof86.MrSulzbergerledTheNewYorkTimesformorethanthreedecades，beforepassingthebusinesstohisson.Hetookoverthepaperin1963whenitwasinfinancialtrouble，andtransformeditintotheheartofamulti­billiondollarmediaempire.HisfamilyannouncedhehaddiedathishomeinSouthampton，NewYorkState，afteralongillness.Hisson，ArthurSulzbergerJr，saidinastatementthathisfather，whomhereferredtobyhischildhoodnicknameofPunch，was“oneofourindustry’smostadmiredexecutives”．“Punch，theoldMarinecaptainwhoneverbackeddownfromafight，wasanabsolutelyfiercedefenderofthefreedomofthepress，”hesaid.TheNewYorkTimeswasboughtbyMrSulzbergerSr’sgrandfatherAdolphOchsin1896.DuringMrSulzberger’stenure，TheNewYorkTimeswon31Pulitzerprizes.BorninNewYorkCity,5February1926，SrservedinMarineCorpsduringWorldWarⅡandKoreanWar，joinedTheNewYorkTimesin1951aftergraduatingfromColumbiaCollege，tookoveraspublisherin1963afterhisbrother­in­lawdiedsuddenly，steppeddownin1997andpassedstewardshiptohisson，ArthurSulzbergerJr.Heoversawahugecirculationboostatthepaper，andincreaseditsparentcompany’sannualrevenues(年收入)from$100min1963to$1.7bnbythetimehesteppeddownin1997.Healsoledthepaperthroughhigh­levelclasheswiththepoliticalestablishment.In1971，TheTimespublishedaseriesofstoriessayingthatpoliticianshadsystematicallyliedovertheUSinvolvementinVietnam.ThesourcewasthousandsofleakedgovernmentdocumentsknownasthePentagonPapers.TheNixonadministrationdemandedthatthepaperstoppublishingthestoriesongroundsofnationalsecurity.Butthepaperrefused，andthenwonthesubsequentcourtcasebyarguingthattheFirstAmendmentoftheUSConstitution(宪法)guaranteedfreespeech.ThecaseisseenasalandmarkinthehistoryoffreespeechintheUS.MrSulzbergersaidhereadmorethan7,000pagesofthePentagonPapersbeforepersonallydecidingtopublishthem.Hisfamilystillholdsacontrollingstake(控股权)inTheNewYorkTimes.Hewasastrongbelieverinfamilyownershipofnewspapers.Heoncejoked：“Myconclusionissimple.Nepotismworks.”1．WhendidArthurSulzbergerSrdie?A．In1997. B．In2022.C．In1963. D．In1971.2．Punch，theoldMarinecaptainwasactually________.A．ArthurSulzbergerJrB．AdolphOchsC．ArthurSutzbergerSr’sfatherD．ArthurSulzbergerSr3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．ArthurSulzbergerSrtookoverTheNewYorkTimesfromhisbrother­in­law.B．ArthurSulzbergerJr’sgrandfatherboughtTheNewYorkTimes.C．ArthurSulzbergerSrresignedwhenTheNewYorkTimeswasinfinancialtrouble.D．ArthurSulzbergerJrtookoverTheNewYorkTimesaftergraduatingfromColumbia4．Inthepoliticalcaseinthe1970s，MrSulzberger________.A．failedthecaseintheendB．lostthecontrollingstakeinTheNewYorkTimesC．gaveintothegovernmentD．succeededinguardingfreespeechofthepaper5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Nepotism”probablyreferto?A．Friendship. B．Politics.C．Familyownership D．Freedomofspeech.语篇解读本文介绍了《纽约时报》前总裁ArthurSulzbergerSr的生平。1．解析：考查细节理解。依据第一段第一句中的“ArthurSulzbergerSrdiedattheageof86”和第四段第一句中的“BorninNewYorkCity,5February1926”可知，他诞生于1926年，去世时86岁，由此可知他在2022年去世。答案：B2．解析：考查细节理解。依据其次段中的“Hisson，ArthurSulzbergerJr，saidinastatementthathisfather，whomhereferredtobyhischildhoodnicknameofPunch，was‘oneofourindustry’smostadmiredexecutives’”．可知Punch，theoldMarinecaptain指ArthurSulzbergerSr。答案：D3．解析：考查细节理解。依据第四段中的“SrservedinMarineCorps...tookoveraspublisherin1963afterhisbrother­in­lawdiedsuddenly”可知，A项正确。B项中的“ArthurSulzbergerJr’sgrandfather”错误；依据第一段最终一句可知C项错误；依据第四段可知D项错误。答案：A4．解析：考查细节理解。依据倒数第三段中的“nationalsecurity.Butthepaperrefused，andthenwonthesubsequentcourtcase”可知，D项符合题意。答案：D5．解析：考查词义猜想。依据画线词前面的“Hewasastrongbelieverinfamilyownershipofnewspapers.”可推想，画线词指的应是familyownership。答案：C。【福建省福州市2022高考英语3月质检试题】完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asateacher．Ioftenmakeitarulethatwhenweareonafieldtrip，therewillbenotalkingasweenterabuilding．Thisrule36toenteringanyplace，whetheritisacinema，achurch，atheatre,oranyotherplace．Once，inNewYorkCity，Itookmyclasstoseea(n)37nearTimesSquare．Whenwearrivedatthetheatre，therewereabouttwentyotherclasses38outsidewaitingtogetin．Thestudentsfromtheotherschoolswerenot39andtherewaspandemonium(乌烟瘴气)．Itoldmystudentstostayinalineandkeep40．Itoldthemthatwewouldnotcarryourselveslikethoseother41．Soonwestartedtofileintothetheatre，anditwasverydisorganized．Therewasa42thegroupsandgetthemtotheirseats，43studentswereeverywhereand44reallyknewwheretogo．Myclass，observingourrule，walkedin45intwosingle-filelines．Westoodnearthedoorbehindeveryoneelse，andwe46．Allofasudden，theladywhowas47noticedusandshewalked48ourdirection．Sheaskedthestudents49theteacherwasforourgroup,andIraisedmy50．Sheasked,“Very,verynicetomeetyou．Comethisway．”Wewereledintothetheatre，51，andweweregivenfront-rowseats．Sometimes52forothersmaynotseemlikeitisgoingtohaveaneffect，especiallywhenyou53noonearoundwhoistakingmannersinto54．However，thatisusuallythetimewhensuch55actionswillbemostappreciatedandrecognized．36．A．l