Unit3-Food-and-Culture【单元测试】(解析版)(适合新高考卷区)

Unit3FoodandCulture单元测试卷第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenitcomestomaterialstodogoodtoourbody,itmustbementionedthatthereareallsortsoffoodstoeveryone'staste.Somefoodsareknowntohaveacompletelyruinedeffectonyourbrainfunction,andnutritionistsadviseusnottoconsumethemtoomuchinordertolimittheirnegativeimpacts.Herearethetopfivefoodsthatkillyourintelligence.1.SugarSugarandsugaryproductsarebadnotonlyforyourwaistline,butforyourbrainfunctionaswell.Long-termconsumptionofsugarcancreatealotofneurological(神经系统的)problems,anditcanalsodoharmtoyourmemory.Ontheotherhand,sugarcanalsobringdamagetoyourabilitytolearn.Soavoidtheproducts.2.AlcoholAlcoholisknowntoharmyourliver(肝)inthelongrun,anditalsocauseswhatisknownas"brainfog",afeelingofmentalconfusion.Itactslikeacloudthatimpactsyourabilitytothinkclearly,aswellasyourmemory.Haveyouevernoticedthatyoucannotremembercommonitems'names?Thismightbeinfluencedbyhighalcoholintake,whichimpactsthebalanceofthebrain.3.JunkFoodArecentstudyhasrevealedthatjunkfoodcanchangethechemicalsinthebrain,thusleadingtosymptomsassociatedwithdepressionandanxiety.Besides,foodsthatarehighinfatcanalsoproducesomesymptomsthataresimilartothesignsof"miss"whenyoustopconsumingthem.Thesefoodsaffecttheproductionofdopamine(多巴胺),animportantchemicalthatpromoteshappinessandanoverallfeelingofwell-being.4.VerySaltyFoodsEverybodyknowsthatsaltyfoodsaffectyourbloodpressureandtheyareveryhardonyourheart.However,asresearchsuggests,foodsthatcontainhighamountsofsaltcanaffectyourlearningfunctionandmakeyourabilitytothinkimperfect.Otherwisestated,saltyfoodsaffectyourintelligence!Asamatteroffact,theconsumptionofsaltyfoodshasbeenshowntohavethesameeffectastakingdrugs,asitcancauseuncomfortablesymptomsandhungerforsaltyfoods.5.FoodswithProcessedProteins(蛋白质)Meatistherichestsourceofhigh-qualityprotein,butavoidoverlyprocessedproteinssuchashotdogs,sausagesandsoon.Unlikethenaturalproteinsthathelpyourbodyprotectthenervoussystem,processedproteinsdoexactlytheopposite.Betterchoosenaturalproducts,suchasfish,dairyproducts,andseedsasthesearenatural,high-qualityproteinsources.1.Whichgroupoffoodsmayaffectyourmemory?A.Sugarandalcohol.B.Sugarandjunkfood.C.Alcoholandjunkfood.D.Sugarandverysaltyfoods.2.Ifyouwanttopromotehappiness,whichofthefollowingshouldyoustopeating?A.Sugar.B.Foodswithprocessedproteins.C.Alcohol.D.Junkfood.3.Comparedtotheoverlyprocessedproteins,whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofthenaturalproteins?A.Theprotectionofthenervoussystem.B.Theincreaseofdopamine.C.Theprotectionofyourintelligence.D.Theincreaseofhappiness.【答案】ADA【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了最损害大脑功能的五种食物。1．A考查细节理解。从“Sugar”这一段中的“itcanalsodoharmtoyourmemory”和“Alcohol”这一段中的“thatimpactsyourabilitytothinkclearly,aswellasyourmemory”可知，糖和酒精对记忆力有影响。2．D考查细节理解。根据“JunkFood”这段可知：多巴胺是一种能够提升幸福感的重要化学物质，而垃圾食品会影响多巴胺的产生。所以，你如果想提升幸福感就应停止食用垃圾食品。3．A考查细节理解。从最后一段第二句可知：天然蛋白质与过度加工出来的蛋白质相比，最大的一个优点在于天然蛋白质可以保护神经系统。故选A。BDifferentcontextsaffectfoodproduction,processing,trade,marketingandconsumption.Asaresultofthis,thefoodavailability,accessibility,andaffordability—aswellasconsumers’dietarybehaviourandnutritionalstatus—vary.OnepossiblepictureispresentedheretoprovideanideaonhowCOVID-19mightimpacttheglobalfoodsystem.Consumerdemandplaysacrucialroleinfoodproductionandtheirdemandsdependonpurchasingpowerandpreference.Becauseofthelockdown,thereisnoworkformanypeople.Asaresult,theydonothaveenoughmoneytobuyadequatefoodfortheirfamilies.Theclosureofrestaurants,schoolmealsandtourismbusinessesmayreducethedemandforfreshfood.Peoplebuyfrozen.driedandcannedfoodwithlongershelflife.Energy-dense,lessnutritiousfoodsareoftenmoreaffordablethanfreshandnutritiousone.AccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,COVID-19isnotlikelytobetransmittedthroughfood.However,workerscangetinfectedbyeachotheriftheydonotmaintainsocialdistanceproperly.Shortageoflaborcannotonlyhamperfoodproduction,butalsotheprocessingoffood.Aroundtheworld,millionsofpeopledependoninternationaltradeeitherforthen-livelihoodorfoodsecurity.Thevirusoutbreakmightslowdownglobaltradeandmarketingoffood.Asaresult,countriesdependingonimportedfoodcanfacedifficulties.Theclosureofportsandothersupplyrestrictionswillhamperfoodsupply.Thepriceoftransferringfoodwithinandoutsideofthecountrymaygetmoreexpensive.Itmeansimportmaygetmoreexpensiveandexportmaybringlessmoney.Ontheotherhand,therestrictionintransportandsupplycanbethecauseoffoodlossparticularlyforfreshfruitsandvegetables.Companiesmayfacedifficultiestoimporttheingredientsfordifferentproductswhichmaydisturbtheproduction.4.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.whythefoodsystemiseasilyaffectedbyCOVID-19B.howtheworldmaybeaffectedbyCOVID-19outbreakC.whateffectCOVID-19mayhaveonthefoodsystemD.whatcontextsaffectfoodproduction5.Howisconsumers’dietarybehaviorchangingnow?A.Theyareeatingmorefreshfood.B.Energy-densefoodisnotpopularwiththem.C.Theybuymorelessnutritiousfood.D.Abalanceddietprovidesadequatenutritionforthem.6.Paragraph3isrelatedtofood________.A.gathering B.trade C.market D.processing7.Whichofthefollowingleadstotheshortageoffreshfood?A.Growingconcernforfoodsecurity.B.Inadequateingredients.C.Increasedprocessedfood.D.Limitedtransportandsupply.【答案】CCDD【解析】本文是说明文。不同的环境影响食品生产、加工、贸易、营销和消费。因此，食物的可获得性、可承受性以及消费者的膳食与营养状况不同。本文讲述了新冠病毒对食物体系的影响。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“OnepossiblepictureispresentedheretoprovideanideaonhowCOVID-19mightimpacttheglobalfoodsystem.”（这里提供一幅可能的图景，以说明新型冠状病毒可能如何影响全球粮食系统）可知，本文主要讲述了新冠病毒对食物体系有什么影响。故选C。5.推理判断题。根据第二段“Peoplebuyfrozen,driedandcannedfoodwithlongershelflife.Energy-dense,lessnutritiousfoodsareoftenmoreaffordablethanfreshandnutritiousone.”（人们购买冷冻,保质期较长的干燥和罐装食品。高能量、低营养的食物往往比新鲜、有营养的食物更便宜）可知，在新冠病毒爆发时，消费者的膳食与营养状况正在改变，人们会买更多缺少营养的食物。故选C。6.推理判断题。根据第三段“However,workerscangetinfectedbyeachotheriftheydonotmaintainsocialdistanceproperly.Shortageoflaborcannotonlyhamperfoodproduction,butalsotheprocessingoffood.”（但是，如果不适当地保持社会距离，员工之间也会感染。劳动力短缺不仅影响食品生产，还影响食品加工）可知，第三段和食物加工有关。故选D。7.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ontheotherhand,therestrictionintransportandsupplycanbethecauseoffoodlossparticularlyforfreshfruitsandvegetables.”（另一方面，运输和供应方面的限制可能是粮食损失的原因，特别是新鲜水果和蔬菜）可知，有限的运输和供应造成新鲜食物的短缺。故选D。CScientistshavefoundthateatingdarkchocolateappearstolowertheriskofdepressionbyfourfold.While7.6percentofthe13,000peoplesurveyedreporteddepressivesymptoms,just1.5percentofthechocolateeatersdid.Thestudyalsofoundthatthepeoplewhoconsumedthemostofanychocolatewerealso57percentlesslikelytoreportdepressivesymptoms.Thestudyisthefirsttoexaminetheassociationwithdepressionaccordingtothetypeofchocolateconsumed.Theteamassesseddatafrom13,626adultsfromtheUSNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationSurvey.Arangeofotherfactorsincludingheight,weight,maritalstatus,education,householdincome,physicalactivity,smokingandchronic(慢性的)healthproblemswerealsotakenintoaccounttoensurethestudyonlymeasuredchocolate'seffectondepressivesymptoms.Afteradjustingforthesefactors,itwasfoundthatindividualswhoreportedeatinganydarkchocolateintwo24-hourperiodshad70percentloweroddsofreportingclinicallyrelevantdepressivesymptomsintheprevioustwoweeksthanthosewhoreportednoteatingchocolateatall.

Chocolatecontainsanumberofpsychoactiveingredients(精神活性成分)whichproduceafeelingofeuphoria(兴奋感)similartothatofcannabinoid(大麻素),foundincannabis.Italsocontainsphenylethylamine(苯基乙胺),whichisbelievedtobeimportantforregulatingpeople'smoods.HoweverBritishscientistsurgedcautionaboutthefindings,suggestingthatthedecisiontoeatdarkchocolatecouldbelinkedtootherhealthfactors.Forexample,peoplewhochoosedarkchocolatemaybemorehealthconsciousingeneral,whichisknowntoprotectagainstdepression.Depressedpeoplearealsomorelikelytocravemoresugaryfattyfoodsandsocouldbelesslikelytopickadarkalternativewhenchoosingchocolate.8.Whatistheaimofthestudy?A.Tofindacurefordepression.B.Tofindoutthecauseofdepression.C.Toresearchontheingredientsofchocolate.D.Tostudyassociationbetweendepressionandchocolate.9.Whatisphenylethylamine?A.Somethingthatcanmakepeopleexcited.B.Somethingthatcanadjustpeople'smoods.C.Somethingthatcanmakepeopledepressed.D.Somethingthatcanmakepeopleoverweight.10.WhatisBritishscientists'attitudetowardthefindings?A.Supportive. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Cautious.11.Whataredepressedpeoplemorelikelytodo?A.Eatsugaryfattyfoods. B.Havedarkchocolates.C.Exerciseoutdoors. D.Concernabouthealth.【答案】DBDA【解析】8.D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"Thestudyisthefirsttoexaminetheassociationwithdepressionaccordingtothetypeofchocolateconsumed."可知，其目的是研究抑郁和食用巧克力的种类之间的关系。9.B细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中"whichisbelievedtobeimportantforregulatingpeople'smoods"可知，苯基乙胺是调节人们情绪的东西。10.D推理判断题。根据第六段第一句"HoweverBritishscientistsurgedcautionaboutthefindings,suggestingthatthedecisiontoeatdarkchocolatecouldbelinkedtootherhealthfactors."可知，英国科学家对研究的发现持谨慎的态度。11.A细节理解题。根据最后一段"Depressedpeoplearealsomorelikelytocravemoresugaryfattyfoodsandsocouldbelesslikelytopickadarkalternativewhenchoosingchocolate."可知，抑郁的人也更有可能想吃更多的高糖高脂食物，因此在选择巧克力时，他们不太可能选择黑巧克力。DForDamenFletcher,chessismuchmorethanagame.ThisinspiringCaliforniamanuseschesstocoachyoungpeoplefromsomeofthemostdisadvantagedneighborhoodsinSouthernCaliforniaandbeyondtodevelopself-confidence,andfindpurposeintheirlives.WhydoesFletcherchoosechesstohelpkidsandteensmaketherightmovesinlife?Theanswerliesinhisownlifestory.Fletcher,wholearnedtoplaythisgameofstrategicskillattheageof13,grewupinCompton,California.Afterheadingfarthertocollege,hereturnedhometofindhisfriendsstruggling.Asheexplains;"Someofthemhadfallenintoprison.Homelessandunemployed...andIjustwondered，‘WhydidIhavesuchadifferentoutcome?'Anditwaschess.”Sohesetaboutbuildinghisownorganization“TrainofThought”tohelpinnercitykidsfindtheirownkingorqueenandlifegoalsbylearningproblemsolving,teamwork,andforwardplanningskillsatanearlyagethroughchess,whileenjoyingthemselves.FletcherhighlightsinaninterviewwithFoxNewsthateverygameofchessis75to100moves,andeverysinglemovethatyouropponentmakespresentsanewproblemforyoutosolve,sochessisagameinwhichtheweakcanturnoutstronger.AsPaigeStevenson,a7thgraderandalreadyakeenchessplayerthankstoFletcher'senthusiasm，tellsthechannel，“Hehastaughtmenottogiveupbecauseyoucanmoveandfindawayoutinsteadoflosing.”Hisorganizationhaspartneredwithmorethan100schoolstodateandhastaughtmorethan50,000studentsthegameofKingsinCalifornia，withplanstoexpandintheUS.Itisanoldproverbthatchildrenlearnfromplay,andthisissomethingthatFletcheriskeentostress.Andashiswebsitealsoexplains:"Ifyouthinkchessisjustagame，you'renotplayingitright.”12.WhatdoweknowaboutDamenFletcher?A.Hehadaroughchildhood. B.Helikesnothingbutchess.C.Heisapositivechessmaster. D.Heisafamoussocialactivist.13.WhatinspiredFletchertofound“TrainofThought”?A.Thevalueofchess. B.Thecollegeeducation.c.Hispursuitforsuccess. D.Hisfriends’requirement.14.WhydidtheauthormentionPaigeStevensoninparagraph4?A.Tocomparedifferentideas.B.ToshowPaige'senthusiasm.C.Toprovideotherinformation.D.TosupportFletcher'sopinion.15.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthegameofKingsfromthetext?A.Itcanhelpkidsgrowuphappily.B.Itmaygetkidsaddictedtochess.C.Itwillbecomearequiredcourse.D.Itisactiveinschoolsintheworld.【答案】CADA【解析】D篇介绍了Damen这位棋类大师的理念和项目，学生可以在游戏中快乐成长。总体考察对语篇段落的理解，有细节题，也出现了更深一层的对行文目的的推断，难度中等。12.C根据第一段就可以看出，Damen棋技高超，能指导他人，只有C射击类chess，符合题意。13.A根据第二段可以看出，Damen认为，比起那些生活挣扎的朋友们，他能取得如此高的成就正是因为下棋，因此启发他的就是因为下棋本身的价值。C选项有偏误，第二段的表述没有谈及他对棋的追求。14.D考察对行文目的的理解。结合第四段，前半部分在展示Damen的观点，即棋类游戏每一步都涉及问题解决，能由弱转强。Paige的讲话内容是围绕这个观点的，且赞同感谢这个观点，因此可以推测，行文的目的就是为了支持Damen的观点。15.A细节推理题。答案从最后一段中寻找。第三行的learnfromplay，可以看出孩子们会通过游戏来成长学习，是快乐的，A符合；B说上瘾是胡编乱造；C和D都错在过度解读，不能说已经变成义务课程，也不能说因为在美国推广就能在世界范围普及。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ALongandHealthyLifeEveryonewantstobehealthyandlivealongtime.1Someyearsago，a90­year­oldAmericanwritergavesomeadviceforalongandhealthylife：•Believeinyourself.•Keepyourmindactive.•Bepositive(乐观的)．•Lovepeopleandenjoyhelpingothers.ThewomenofOkinawa，inJapan，areanothergreatexample.2Theirsecret?Theyexerciseeveryday，theydon’thavemuchstressintheirlives，and，ingeneral，theyarepositiveandactive.Butofcourse，dietisimportant，too.3Theyeatsomemeat，buttheydon’teatanyfatfromthemeat.Andtheyeatseaweed(海藻)．Thisisgoodfortheheart.TheMediterraneandietisveryhealthy，too.Itincludesvegetables，tomatoes，fish，beans，cheeseandrice.4Itcomesfromoliveoilandfromfish.So，whatdothesetwodietstellus?•Don’teatanybadfats—likefatsinsweets，friedfoodandmeat.•Eathealthyvegetables，fruitandrice.•5Ifyouuseoil，useagoodonelikeoliveoil.Andavoiddeep­friedfood!•Ifyou’realittlehungry，eatanappleoracarrot—notabagofpotatochips!Eatwell，liveanactiveandstress­freelife，andyou’lllivealongtime.A．Buthowcanwedoit?B．Thefatinthisdietis“goodfat”．C．Beactiveanddoexerciseeveryday.D．Don’tusetoomuchoilwhencooking.E．WhydotheJapanesewomenlivethelongest?F．TheOkinawawomeneatfish，greenvegetables，carrots，fruitandsweetpotatoes.G．Theylivealongtime，theyareveryhealthyandtheydon’thavemanydiseasesorheartproblems.eq\x(语篇解读本文是说明文。怎样才能够健康长寿？本文就此给出了几点建议。)【答案】AGFBD【解析】1．A根据文中的“Everyonewantstobehealthyandlivealongtime.”与“Someyearsago...adviceforalongandhealthylife”可知，横线处应该是对如何能够健康长寿提出的疑问，故选A。2．G根据上文中的“ThewomenofOkinawa，inJapan，areanothergreatexample.”可知，空处应是对冲绳的女人们的健康长寿情况的介绍。故G项符合此处语境。3．F联系语境及上文中的“Butofcourse，dietisimportant，too.”可知，饮食健康是冲绳女人长寿的一个重要原因，F项介绍了冲绳女人的饮食，故应选F。4．B根据下文中的“Itcomesfromoliveoilandfromfish.”可知，地中海饮食中的脂肪是从橄榄油和鱼中获取的，所以是健康的。5．D下文中的“Ifyouuseoil，useagoodonelikeoliveoil.Andavoiddeep­friedfood！”与D项“做饭不要用太多油”相呼应。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Anoldmanwenttolivewithhisson,daughter-in-law,and4-year-oldgrandson.Theoldman’shands13,hiseyesightwasnotclear,andhis14unsteady（不稳定的）.Thefamilywere15everynightatthedinnertable.Buttheelderlygrandfather’sshakyhandsand16sightmadethisratherdifficult.Peasrolledoffhisspoonontothefloor.Whenhegraspedtheglass,17wouldoftenspill（洒落）ontothetablecloth.“Wemustdosome-thingaboutgrandfather,”saidthehusband.Sothehusbandandwifesetasmalltableinthecorner.There,grandfatherate18inthecornerwhiletherestofthefamilyenjoyeddinneratthedinnertable19grandfatherhadalreadybrokenadishortwo,hisfoodwasservedina20bowl.Sometimes,whenthefamily21grandfather,hehadatearinhiseyeasheatealone22,theonlywordsthecouplehadforhimweresharp23whenhedroppedaforkorspilledfood.The4-year-oldboywatchedallthis24Oneeveningbeforesupper,thefather25hissonplayingwithwoodscraps（小块）onthefloor.Heaskedthechildsweetly:“Whatareyoumaking?”Justas26,theboyanswered:“Oh,Iammakingalittle27foryouandmamatoeatyourfoodfromwhenIgrowup.”The4-year-oldboysmiledandwentbackto28onit.Thewords29theparentssomuchthattheywere30Thentearsstartedtostreamdowntheircheeks31nowordwasspoken,bothknewwhattheyhadtodo.Thatevening,thehusbandtookgrandfather’shandand32ledhimbacktothefamilytable.13.A.wounded B.moved C.trembled D.dragged14.A.step B.feet C.speech D.body15.A.away B.together C.asleep D.apart16.A.losing B.failing C.disappearing D.rising17.A.food B.pan C.milk D.dinner18.A.alone B.casually C.steadily D.bitterly19.A.After B.Since C.While D.When20.A.small B.safe C.big D.wooden21.A.glancedat B.staredat C.lookedthrough D.lookedafter22.A.However B.Otherwise C.Still D.Rather23.A.comments B.quarrels C.warnings D.remark24.A.insilence B.inadvance C.indanger D.incharge25.A.researched B.noticed C.searched D.explored26.A.firmly B.suddenly C.cruelly D.sweetly27.A.bowl B.cup C.spoon D.pan28.A.worship B.work C.whisper D.weave29.A.impressed B.touched C.confused D.struck30.A.speechless B.homeless C.fearless D.hopeless31.A.Once B.Whether C.Though D.Unless32.A.gently B.happily C.fluently D.fortunately【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.B17.C18.A19.B20.D21.A22.C23.C24.A25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.A【解析】试题分析：文章讲述的是一个关爱老人的故事。老人年纪大了，手脚开始变得不听使唤。家人嫌弃手脚不便的老人，让老人单独吃饭，还经常批评老人打破餐具。这些场景都被四岁的孙子看到了，小男孩也学着爸爸妈妈的做法，给爸爸妈妈做木碗，等长大了让爸爸妈妈也用木碗吃饭。通过这件事，夫妇两人认识到了他们的错误。13.C考查形容词辨析。A受伤的；B感动的；C颤抖的；D牵引的。根据第三行theelderlygrandfather’sshakyhands可知，老人有手颤的毛病，故选C。14.A考查名词辨析。A脚步，步子；B脚；C演讲；D身体。Theoldman’shands,hiseyesightwasnotclear,andhisunsteady（不稳定的）.老人手颤，视力不好，走起路来也不稳。根据句意可知，这里描述的是老人的肢体状况，故选A。15.B考查形容词辨析。A离开；B一起；C睡着的；D分开的。根据Peasrolledoffhisspoonontothefloor.可知，一家人每晚聚在一起吃晚饭，故选B。16.B考查形容词辨析。A失去的；B衰退的；C消失的；D上升的。这里指下降的视力，故选B。17.C考查名词辨析。A食物；B平底锅，烤盘；C牛奶；D晚餐。Whenhegraspedtheglass,wouldoftenspill（洒落）ontothetablecloth.当他握住玻璃杯时，牛奶总是洒到桌布上。根据句意可知，被子里装的是液体，故选C。18.A考查副词辨析。A单独，只有；B随意地；C稳定地；D强烈地，痛苦地。根据whiletherestofthefamilyenjoyeddinneratthedinnertable可知，老人独自一人在角落里用餐，故选A。19.B考查连接词。A在......之后；B自从，因为；C当......时候，尽管；D当。根据hisfoodwasservedinabowl可知，老人用的是木制的碗，防止老人吃饭时把碗打破。句子前后是因果关系，故选B。20.D考查形容词辨析。A小的；B安全的；C大的；D木制的。根据grandfatherhadalreadybrokenadishortwo可知，老人已经打破了一两个碗，家人给老人换了木制的碗，不容易摔烂，故选D。21.A考查动词短语辨析。A一瞥；B盯着看；C浏览；D照顾。Sometimes,whenthefamilygrandfather,hehadatearinhiseyeasheatealone.有时，当家人瞥见老人时，老人眼里含着泪，故选A。22.C考查副词辨析。A然而，表转折；B否则；C然而，不过；D相反。这里布标转折，用still加强语气，故选C。23.C考查名词辨析。A评论B争吵；C警告；D评论，意见。sharpwhenhedroppedaforkorspilledfood当老人弄掉叉子或洒出食物时，夫妇两人总是说一些尖锐的话语警告老人，故选C。24.A考查介词短语辨析。A静静地；B提前；C处于危险中；D负责。The4-year-oldboywatchedallthis4岁的小男孩静静地看着这些事情，不敢吱声，故选A。25.B考查动词辨析。A研究；B注意到；C搜寻；D探索。thefatherhissonplayingwithwoodscraps（小块）onthefloor.父亲注意到儿子在玩一块木头，故选B。26.D考查副词辨析。A坚决地，紧紧地；B突然；C残酷地；D甜美地，良好地。根据Heaskedthechildsweetly可知，儿子用同样甜美的声音回答，故选D。27.A考查名词辨析。A碗；B杯子；C汤匙；D平底锅。根据toeatyourfoodfrom可知，儿子在为爸爸妈妈做一个木碗，故选A。28.B考查动词辨析。A尊敬；B工作；C低语；D编织。wentbacktoonit男孩说完后继续做木碗，workon继续工作，致力于，故选B。29.D考查动词辨析。A给......深刻印象；B感动；C使困惑；D敲打。Thewordstheparentssomuch男孩的话语让父母吓得目瞪口呆，struck使感到（惊讶），故选D。30.A考查形容词辨析。A语塞的；B无家可归的；C无畏的；D无望的。Thewordstheparentssomuchthattheywere.儿子说的话让父母吓了一跳，变得一时无话可说。故选A。31.C考查从句辨析。A一旦；B是否；C尽管；D除非。nowordwasspoken,bothknewwhattheyhadtodo.尽管夫妇俩什么也没说，但两人都知道该怎么做了。前后表示转折关系，故选C。32.A考查副词辨析。A温和地；B开心地；C流利地；D幸运地。thehusbandtookgrandfather’shandandledhimbacktothefamilytable.男子握住老人的手，温和地把他带回到餐桌前。故选A。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TraditionalChinesecultureplacesmuchemphasis(重视)onfood.Consideredtobeanimportantpartofeachday,33.(eat)isfarbeyondsimplymeetinganeed.However,peoplearelivinginfast-pacedsocietynow,sotheyhardlyhavetimetoenjoytheirfood.Theyneedfastfood.Thatis34.China’sfast-foodmarketexpands.Aforeignfast-foodrestaurant35.(call)KFCarrivedinChinafirst,quicklyfollowedby36.（other）suchasPizzaHutandMcDonald’s.With37.the(develop)ofChina,foreignfast-foodchainsarerealizinghigh-speed38.(grow)inChina.However,these“junkfoods”havelongbeencriticizedbyhealthexpertsbecause39.(their)can’tprovidebalancednutrition(营养).Theexpertsalsoshowthatsomeforeignfastfoodcontainsafoodcoloring,SudanI,40.cancausecancer.Infact,Chinahasmanyofitsowntraditionalfast-fooddishes.Amongthem,dumplings,soybeanmilkandnoodles41.(be)themostpopular.Comparedwithforeignfastfood,thosetraditionalonesarehealthier.42.manyChinesestillenjoythespecialtasteandthegoodenvironmentintheforeignfast-foodchainseventhoughthereexistsomepotential（潜在的）risks.【答案】33.eating34.why35.called36.others37.development38.growth39.they40.which41.are42.But【解析】33.eating作主语用动名词形式。34.why后面介绍了快餐在中国的发展，这里是表示“为什么”。35.called用过去分词作定语，句意为“被叫作KFC的一家外国快餐店首先进入中国”。36.others随后其他的必胜客和麦当劳也跟着进来了。others在这里指其他的快餐厅。37.development随着中国的发展。with表“随着”。38.growth作宾语用它的名词形式growth。39.they这里指肯德基、麦当劳等洋快餐，所以用they。40.which空格所在的句子缺少主语，而这一句与前一句之间用逗号连接，故可以判定是定语从句，结合上下文，应该填which。41.are最高级前用定冠词the。42.But前后文是转折关系，故用but。考点：考查非谓语动词、名词、代词、连词及定语从句等语法知识第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作（满分15分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim在邮件中谈到近年来全球掀起的剩食运动（WasteNoFoodMovement），例如：推行打包及食物共享文化、鼓励购买即期品，并将厨余分类回收后加以利用。请你回邮件，说明你对此现象的看法，内容包括：1.你对剩食运动的看法；2.你或者你周围人的做法。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：leftovern.剩余食物;adj.剩余的DearJim,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,It’sgreattohearfromyou.I’mstronglysupportiveof“WasteNoFoodMovement”forthefollowingtworeasons.Tobeginwith,foodshortageisaproblemconcerningthewholeworld,soweshouldtakeeverysmallactiontosavefood.Besides,themovementappealstopeopletoclassifyandrecyclefoodwaste,whichisobviouslywonderfultoprotecttheenvironment.Inmylife,I’vewitnessedmanypracticalacts.Forexample,whileeatingoutside,wetendtopackleftovers.Nowadays,moreandmoreChinesearepracticinggarbageclassification.Weputtheleftoverasidetomakeitpossibleandeasiertoreuse.Whatdoyouthinkofthemovement?Lookingforwardtoyourbrilliantidea.Yours,LiHua【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求给朋友回邮件。【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim在邮件中谈到近年来全球掀起的剩食运动（WasteNoFoodMovement），例如：推行打包及食物共享文化、鼓励购买即期品，并将厨余分类回收后加以利用。请你回邮件，说明你对此现象的看法，内容包括：1.你对剩食运动的看法；2.你或者你周围人的做法。第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：stronglysupportive,foodshortage,savefood,appealsto,classifyandrecycle,protecttheenvironment,practicalacts,packleftovers,garbageclassification.第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如themovementappealstopeopletoclassifyandrecyclefoodwaste,whichisobviouslywonderfultoprotecttheenvironment.运用了非限制性定语从句；whileeatingoutside,wetendtopackleftovers.是状语从句的省略；Weputtheleftoverasidetomakeitpossibleandeasiertoreuse.运用了it作形式宾语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mymotheralwaystoldmeitwasbettertobesmartthantobebeautiful.“Ifyouaresmart，finallyyouwillaffordtobebeautiful.”AllIneededwerethebrains，andsomeday，Iwouldbeareallybeautifullawyer.MymotherworkedataTVstationandIwouldcomealongandwatchthemagicoffilmingTVshows.Butallthesame，Iwaslearning.Whenmyfather’sbusinessfailed，Iwasabletocontinuetoattendoneofthebestbilingual(双语的)schoolsinMexicoCitythankstoscholarship.Scholarshipfollowedmeintomiddleschoolandhighschool.However，duringmysenioryearinhighschoolmyfamilymovedtomydad’