上海顶尖名校期中预测卷02-新高考英语一轮总复习（上海专用）（解析版）

PAGE1PAGE2上海顶尖名校期中预测卷02（解析版）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________GrammarSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（2023秋·上海·高三上海市大同中学校考开学考试）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Imagineforamomentthatyourunbornchildhasararegeneticdisorder.Not1atleastvaguelyfamiliar,suchassickle-cellanaemiaorcysticfibrosis,butratheracondition2(bury)deepwithinthemedicaldictionary.Adrenoleukodystrophy,maybe.OrEhlers-Danlossyndrome.Wouldyou,whenyourchildisborn,wanttoknowaboutit?Ifeffectivetreatmentswereavailable,youprobablywould.Butifnot?Iftheoutcomewerefatal,wouldyourinterestinknowingaboutitdependonwhetheryournewbornhadfiveyearsoflife3(look)forwardto,orten?Or30?Todaythesequestionsaremostlyhypothetical.Preciselybecausetheyarerare,suchdisordersareseldomnoticedatbirth.Theymanifest(显现)themselvesonlygradually,andoftenwithunpredictableseverity.Butthatmaysoonchange.Twentyyearsafterthefirsthumangenome4(map),thepriceofwhole-genomesequencinghasfallentoapoint5itcould,inrichcountriesatleast,beofferedroutinelytonewborns.Parentswillthenhavetodecideexactlyhowmuchtheywanttoknow.Earlydiagnosisbringswithitthepossibilityofearlytreatment.Moreover,sequencingthegenomesofnewbornscouldofferalifetimeofreturns.Apatient’sgenomemayreveal6drugswillworkbestinhisorherparticularcaseforconditionssuchasADHD,depressionandcancer.Combinedwithinformationaboutsomeone’swayoflife,itcouldhighlighteasilyneglectedhealthriskssuchascancersandcardiovasculardisease,leadingtobetterpreventivemeasures.Adatabaseofgenomes,7(match)tolivingpeople,wouldbeabenefittomedicalresearch.Thefruitsofthatresearch,inturn,wouldmakethosegenomesmoreusefultotheirownersastimegoeson.Suchapowerfulnewtechnologycreatenewdangers.Widespreadscreeningforthousandsofpotentiallyharmfulgenesmaybecounterproductive:someresultsmayworryparentsunnecessarily,becausesomegeneticvariations,8occasionallyindicativeofdisease,arenotstronglyso.Parentsmaynotwanttounlockallthesecretsthattheirnewborn’sgenomemightreveal.Somemayindeedprefernottoknowaboutconditionsthatcannotbetreated.Adult-onsetillnessesposeadifferentdilemma—areasonablepositionisthatit9beuptothechildrenthemselves,oncegrown,todecidewhethertheywanttolookattheirgenomicinformation.Afurtherconcernisthatdatawillnotbekeptsecure,andmaybeleakedorotherwisemisused10somepointinthefuture.【答案】1．something2．buried3．tolook4．wasmapped5．where6．which7．matched8．though9．should10．at【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了某些疾病难以预测，但在第一个人类基因组图谱绘制完成20年后，全基因组测序的价格已经下降到可以（至少在富裕国家）常规提供给新生儿的程度。与活人相匹配的基因组数据库将有利于医学研究。1．考查代词。句意：至少不是一些似曾相识的疾病，比如镰状细胞贫血症或囊性纤维化，而是一种深深植根于医学词典中的疾病。根据句意可知，表示一些，应用不定代词something。故填something。2．考查非谓语动词。句意：不是像镰状细胞贫血或囊性纤维化这样的稍微熟悉的疾病，而是深埋在医学词典中的一种疾病。分析句子结构可知bury与逻辑主语condition构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填buried。3．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果结果是致命的，你是否有兴趣知道它取决于你的新生儿的寿命是5年还是10年？或30年？此处为have+宾语+宾补结构，且表示将来的动作应用不定式。故填tolook。4．考查时态语态。句意：在第一个人类基因组图谱绘制完成20年后，全基因组测序的价格已经下降到可以(至少在富裕国家)常规提供给新生儿的程度。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Twentyyearsafter可知动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为thefirsthumangenome，谓语用单数。故填wasmapped。5．考查定语从句。句意：在第一个人类基因组图谱绘制完成20年后，全基因组测序的价格已经下降到可以(至少在富裕国家)常规提供给新生儿的程度。定语从句修饰先行词point，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。6．考查宾语从句。句意：病人的基因组可能会揭示哪种药物对他或她的特殊情况最有效，比如多动症、抑郁症和癌症。结合有关某人生活方式的信息，它可以突出容易被忽视的健康风险，如癌症和心血管疾病，从而导致更好的预防措施。引导宾语从句，从句中表示“哪一种药物”应用which。故填which。7．考查非谓语动词。句意：与活人相匹配的基因组数据库将有利于医学研究。分析句子结构可知match与逻辑主语Adatabaseofgenomes构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填matched。8．考查状语从句。句意：对数千种潜在有害基因的广泛筛查可能会适得其反：一些结果可能会让父母不必要地担心，因为一些基因变异虽然偶尔预示着疾病，但并不强烈。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though。故填though。9．考查情态动词。句意：成人发病的疾病带来了不同的困境——一个合理的立场是，应该由孩子们自己决定，一旦长大，他们是否想要查看自己的基因组信息。后文be为动词原形，结合句意“应该”可知应用情态动词should。故填should。10．考查介词。句意：更令人担忧的是，数据将不会保持安全，并且可能在将来的某个时候泄露或以其他方式被滥用。结合句意表示“在某个时候”应用atsomepoint。故填at。SectionBDirections:（2023秋·上海·高三上海交大附中校考开学考试）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．award

B．house

C．hit

D．namely

E．specifically

F．grabbedG．traded

H．gang

I．bar

J．principled

K．transmissionAmericanauthoritiesarrestedMasphalKry,anofficialinCambodia’sforestryadministration,lastNovemberwhenhewasheadingtoaninternationalmeetingabouttraderegulationsforendangeredspeciesinPanama.Prosecutorsaccusedhimofconspiringwithasmugglingring.Thecontraband(违禁品):monkeys,11long-tailedmacaques.His12allegedlygrabbedwildmacaquesinCambodia’snationalparksandbribedofficialstolabelthemascaptive-bred.FakepapersallowedVannyBioResearch,aCambodianpharmacompany,toshiptheseunfortunateprimates(灵长类动物)toAmericaforuseinresearch.MrKryisfacingtrialinFlorida’sSouthernDistrictCourt.ThefederalgovernmentfundssevenNationalPrimateResearchCentres(NPRCs),which13intotalaround20,000primates,notonlymacaquesbutalsobaboonsandmarmosets.Thesecentresthen14primatestolabsacrossAmerica.NPRCshavefulfilledonlyathirdofrequestsforuntested-onmacaquesin2021andpriceshavesoared.Beforethecovid-19pandemicarhesusmacaquecost$8,000;by2022theyhad15$24,000.Anotherspecies,long-tailmacaques,isprobablyperpoundcurrentlythemostexpensive16wildlife,saysLisaJones-Engel,ascienceadviseratPETA,ananimal-rightsgroup.Gettinglabmonkeysfromabroadbecameharderduringthepandemic.Chineseauthoritiesbannedtheexportofallprimatesinearly2020.TheChinesegovernmentwantedto17thecountry’swildlifetrade,whichisthoughttoencouragethe18ofpathogens—likesars-cov-2—fromanimalstohumans.ThatforcedAmericancompaniestorelyonless19South-EastAsiansuppliers.ManyscientistsbelievepoachingisprevalentacrossCambodia.InFebruary,theDepartmentofJusticesubpoenaedCharlesRiverover1,000juvenilemacaquesthepharmaceuticalcompanyhadboughtfromCambodia;theDoJsuspectedtheywere20inthewildthenexported.TheseprimatesarenowinTexasandMarylandbutalsoindilemma:theycannotbetestedon,norcantheybeflownbacktoCambodia.【答案】11．E12．H13．B14．A15．C16．G17．I18．K19．J20．F【导语】本文是新闻报道。本文报道了美国当局在2020年逮捕了柬埔寨官员和走私集团，涉嫌走私长尾猴。文章还讨论了美国灵长类动物研究中心的现状以及从国外获取实验室猴的困难。此外，文章还提到了中国禁止灵长类动物出口和某制药公司涉嫌从柬埔寨购买幼年长尾猕猴的案件。整篇文章展示了灵长类动物走私和实验室猴供应的问题。11．考查副词。句意：违禁品：猴子，特别是长尾猕猴。分析句子结构可知，空处应是副词做状语，修饰后文long-tailedmacaques，所以specifically意为“特别是”符合语境。故选E项。12．考查名词。句意：据称，他的团伙在柬埔寨国家公园捕获野生猕猴，并贿赂官员，让他们给这些猕猴贴上圈养繁殖的标签。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作主语，gang意为“团伙”符合语境。故选H项。13．考查动词。句意：联邦政府资助了7个国家灵长类动物研究中心(nprc)，总共饲养了大约2万只灵长类动物，不仅有猕猴，还有狒狒和狨猴。分析句子结构可知，本句是which引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，house意为“安置”符合语境。故选B项。14．考查动词。句意：然后这些中心将灵长类动物授予美国各地的实验室。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语把动词，所以空处应填动词，award意为“授予”符合语境。故选A项。15．考查动词。句意：在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前，一只恒河猴的价格为8000美元；到2022年，这一价格已达到2.4万美元。分析句子结构可知，此处用过去完成时，空前已有had，所以空处应填动词过去分词形式，hit意为“到达”为过去分词形式，符合语境。故选C项。16．考查形容词。句意：动物权利组织善待动物组织(PETA)的科学顾问丽莎·琼斯-恩格尔(LisaJones-Engel)说，另一种物种，长尾猕猴，可能是目前交易中每磅最昂贵的野生动物。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词，traded意为“被交易的”符合语境。故选G项。17．考查动词。句意：中国政府希望禁止该国的野生动物贸易，因为人们认为野生动物贸易会鼓励像sars-cov-2这样的病原体从动物传播给人类。分析句子结构可知，空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，bar意为“禁止”符合语境。故选I项。18．考查名词。句意：中国政府希望禁止该国的野生动物贸易，因为人们认为野生动物贸易会鼓励像sars-cov-2这样的病原体从动物传播给人类。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，transmission意为“传染”符合语境。故选K项。19．考查形容词。句意：这迫使美国公司依赖不那么有原则的东南亚供应商。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以恐吓粗应填形容词作定语，principled意为“有原则的”符合语境。故选J项。20．考查动词。句意：今年2月，美国司法部传唤了查尔斯河制药公司从柬埔寨购买的1000多只猕猴幼崽；司法部怀疑这些猕猴是在野外捕获的，然后出口。分析句子结构，根据句意可知，grabbed意为“抓住”和空前的be动词构成被动语态，表达“被抓”之意，符合语境。故选F项。ReadingComprehension(21–35题，每题1分；36–50题，每题2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.（2023·高三上海市杨浦高级中学校考阶段练习）CorporateAmericaisstrugglingtoadapttoGenZInrecentmonths,thepaymentscompanyVisahasquietlystartedtooffercustomersanewfeature:adigitaltoolthatletsthemcapspendinginapersonalizedway,forexampleby21thebillatcoffeebarstoapresetlimiteachweek.Nothingoddaboutthat,youmightthink.Withinflation(通货膨胀)weakeninghousehold22,andcreditcarddebtatrecordhighsincountriessuchastheUS,consumershavereasonstodoso.Butlookalittlecloser,andthereisatwist:Visa’smoveispartlysparkedbyanurgeto23thebehaviourof“GenZ”,orthegroupofpeoplebornbetween1997and2012.“GenZwantscontrol,”explainsCharlotteHogg,chiefexecutiveofVisaEurope,whosaysthecompanyis24tryingtofigureouthowtheseteensandyoungadultsthinkandbehave.Sincemostbusinessleaderstodayare“babyboomers,”ormembersof“GenX”,(born,thatis,between1946and1964,or1965and1980,respectively),manyfeelconfusedbyGenZ,andassumetheyare25to“millennials”(orthosebornbetween1981and1996).Thisassumptionisnotentirelywrong.ArecentstudybytheconsultancyOliverWyman,which26150,000GenZ-ersovertwoyears,showsthatthisgenerationcaresfarmoredeeplyaboutsocialandenvironmentalissuesthantheirelders,andexpectsdigitaland“real-world”experiencestobe27,astheyhavegrownupsurroundedbymoretechnologythanpreviousgenerations.Inthisrespect,theyaresimilartomillennials.28,GenZhasahigherrateofself-reportedmentalhealthissuesthanmillennials,anditsmembersprefertogettheirinformationfrom29ratherthanauthorityfigures.Thesefindings,which30similarstudiesbyMcKinsey,undoubtedlyreflectthefactthatGenZ-ersaredigitalnativeswhoseliveshavebeenshapedbythe31oftheglobalfinancialcrisis,theCovid-19pandemicandthewarinUkraine.ButthemoststrikingissuethatdefinesGenZissomethingelse:32.Accustomedtodigitizationandsmartphones,theyconsideritentirelynormalanddesirableto33everything—fromtheirmusic,media,foodandholidaystotheirpolitics,genderidentitiesandworkingpractices.Icallthistheeraof“GenP”,whichhasledtotheriseofa“pick’n’mix”or“playlist”approachtolife,inwhichpersonalchoice34.ToGenZtheideaofacceptingpreselectedrolesorconsumptionpackagesfeelsas35asonlylisteningtomusicontheradiopickedbysomebodyelse.Insteadtheywanttoexercisechoice.21．A．applying B．restricting C．consuming D．accepting22．A．budgets B．names C．goods D．bills23．A．givewayto B．makesenseof C．comeupwith D．takeadvantageof24．A．leisurely B．ultimately C．urgently D．reluctantly25．A．prior B．contrary C．familiar D．identical26．A．tracked B．tended C．selected D．attained27．A．supervised B．connected C．generated D．separated28．A．However B．Likewise C．Consequently D．Furthermore29．A．schoolteachers B．onlinepeers C．familymembers D．newsanchors30．A．modify B．review C．echo D．oppose31．A．outlets B．upgrades C．forecasts D．aftershocks32．A．inspiration B．innovation C．identification D．personalization33．A．tackle B．customize C．access D．authorize34．A．rules B．arises C．fulfills D．fades35．A．dynamic B．casual C．outdated D．unconventional【答案】21．B22．A23．B24．C25．D26．A27．B28．A29．B30．C31．D32．D33．B34．A35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国企业正在努力适应Z世代。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近几个月，支付公司Visa悄悄开始向客户提供一项新功能:一种数字工具，让他们以个性化的方式限制支出，例如将每周在咖啡馆的账单限制在预设的上限。A.applying申请；B.restricting限制；C.consuming消费；D.accepting接受。根据下文“toapresetlimiteachweek”可知，此处指限制账单。故选B。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于通胀削弱了家庭预算，而美国等国的信用卡债务处于创纪录高位，消费者有理由这样做。A.budgets预算；B.names姓名；C.goods货物；D.bills账单。根据下文“andcreditcarddebtatrecordhighsincountriessuchastheUS”可知，此处指通胀削弱了家庭预算。故选A。23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但仔细看看，会发现一个转折：Visa此举在一定程度上是出于理解“Z世代”（即1997年至2012年出生的群体）行为的冲动。A.givewayto让位于；B.makesenseof理解；C.comeupwith想出；D.takeadvantageof利用。根据下文“thebehaviourof‘GenZ”,orthegroupofpeoplebornbetween1997and2012.”可知，此处指理解“Z世代”（即1997年至2012年出生的群体）行为的冲动。故选B。24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“Z世代想要掌控一切，”Visa欧洲首席执行官夏洛特·霍格解释说，她表示，该公司正迫切试图弄清楚这些青少年和年轻人的思维和行为方式。A.leisurely悠闲地；B.ultimately最终；C.urgently迫切地；D.reluctantly勉强地。根据下文“tryingtofigureouthowtheseteensandyoungadultsthinkandbehave.”及常识可知，公司要想适应Z世代，需要迫切弄清楚这些青少年和年轻人的思维和行为方式。故选C。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于今天的大多数商业领袖都是“婴儿潮一代”，或“X世代”(分别出生于1946年至1964年或1965年至1980年之间)，许多人对Z世代感到困惑，并认为他们与“千禧一代”(或生于1981年至1996年之间)相同。A.prior优先的；B.contrary相反的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.identical相同的。根据上文““GenZ”,orthegroupofpeoplebornbetween1997and2012”及下文““millennials”(orthosebornbetween1981and1996).”可知，许多X世代的人对Z世代感到困惑，认为他们与“千禧一代”相同。故选D。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：OliverWyman最近的一项研究对15万Z世代进行了两年多的跟踪调查，结果显示，这一代人对社会和环境问题的关心远远超过他们的长辈，并期望将数字体验和“现实世界”体验联系起来，因为他们在比前几代人更多的科技环境中长大。A.tracked跟踪；B.tended倾向；C.selected选择；D.attained获得。根据下文“overtwoyears”可知，此处指两年多的跟踪调查。故选A。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：OliverWyman最近的一项研究对15万Z世代进行了两年多的跟踪调查，结果显示，这一代人对社会和环境问题的关心远远超过他们的长辈，并期望将数字体验和“现实世界”体验联系起来，因为他们在比前几代人更多的科技环境中长大。A.supervised监督；B.connected连接；C.generated生成；D.separated分离。根据下文“astheyhavegrownupsurroundedbymoretechnologythanpreviousgenerations.”可知，此处指Z世代期望将数字体验和“现实世界”体验联系起来。故选B。28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Z世代的自我报告心理健康问题的比例高于千禧一代，而且Z世代的成员更喜欢从网上的同龄人而不是权威人士那里获取信息。A.However然而；B.Likewise同样；C.Consequently因此；D.Furthermore此外。前后句意存在转折关系，应用转折副词。故选A。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Z世代的自我报告心理健康问题的比例高于千禧一代，而且Z世代的成员更喜欢从网上的同龄人而不是权威人士那里获取信息。A.schoolteachers学校教师；B.onlinepeers网上同龄人；C.familymembers家庭成员；D.newsanchors新闻主播。根据下文“ratherthanauthorityfigures”可知，Z世代的成员更喜欢从网上的同龄人而不是权威人士那里获取信息。故选B。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些发现与麦肯锡的类似研究相呼应，无疑反映了这样一个事实：Z世代是数字原住民，他们的生活受到全球金融危机、新冠肺炎大流行和乌克兰战争的余震影响。A.modify修改；B.review审查；C.echo产生回响；D.oppose反对。根据下文“similarstudiesbyMcKinsey,undoubtedlyreflectthefactthatGenZ-ersaredigitalnatives”可知，此处指新的发现与麦肯锡的类似研究相呼应。故选C。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些发现与麦肯锡的类似研究相呼应，无疑反映了这样一个事实：Z世代是数字原住民，他们的生活受到全球金融危机、新冠肺炎大流行和乌克兰战争的余震影响。A.outlets插座；B.upgrades升级；C.forecasts预测；D.aftershocks余震。根据下文“theglobalfinancialcrisis,theCovid-19pandemicandthewarinUkraine.”及常识可知，此处指Z世代受到了现在全球金融危机、新冠肺炎大流行和乌克兰战争产生的余震影响。故选D。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但定义Z世代的最引人注目的问题是另一件事：个性化。A.inspiration灵感；B.innovation创新；C.identification识别；D.personalization个性化。根据下文“Accustomedtodigitizationandsmartphones,theyconsideritentirelynormalanddesirableto13everything—fromtheirmusic,media,foodandholidaystotheirpolitics,genderidentitiesandworkingpractices.”可知，Z世代个性化很强。故选D。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：习惯了数字化和智能手机，他们认为定制一切是完全正常和可取的——从他们的音乐、媒体、食物和假期到他们的政治、性别认同和工作方式。A.tackle解决；B.customize定制；C.access访问；D.authorize授权。根据下文“Insteadtheywanttoexercisechoice.”可知，Z世代认为定制一切是完全正常和可取的。故选B。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把这个时代称为“P世代”(GenP)，这个时代导致了一种“自选混合”(pick’n’mix)或“播放列表”(playlist)生活方式的兴起，在这种生活方式中，个人选择占据首要地位。A.rules占首要地位；B.arises出现；C.fulfills履行；D.fades褪色。根据上文“Accustomedtodigitizationandsmartphones,theyconsideritentirelynormalanddesirableto13everything—fromtheirmusic,media,foodandholidaystotheirpolitics,genderidentitiesandworkingpractices.”可知，个人选择占据首要地位。故选A。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于Z世代来说，接受预先选定的角色或消费套餐的想法就像只听别人挑选的收音机里的音乐一样过时。A.dynamic精力充沛的；B.casual随便的；C.outdated过时的；D.unconventional不因循守旧的。根据上文“Icallthistheeraof“GenP”,whichhasledtotheriseofa“pick’n’mix”or“playlist”approachtolife,inwhichpersonalchoice14.”可知，对应Z世代而言，个人选择占据首要地位，接受预先选定的角色或消费套餐的想法就像只听别人挑选的收音机里的音乐一样过时。故选C。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）（2023·上海·高三上海市大同中学校考阶段练习）ArthurConanDoyleArthurConanDoyleisaniconofBritishliterature,worldrenownedforhiscrimefictioncreation,“SherlockHolmes”.Hisabilitytocreateexcitingstoriesfilledwithmysterystillresonateswithreaderstoday,andmodernreincarnations(再生)inbothfilmandtelevisionmeanHolmesisaspopularasever.Thecreationofsuchanextraordinaryworldwouldbeanimpossibletaskformost,sowheredidDoylefindtheinspirationsbehinditsconception?Thetopics,charactersandeventsthatunfoldwithinDoyle’screationsmayseemfarremovedfromyouorI,butforArthur,theyweremuchclosertohome.ThemaininspirationforHolmeswasArthur’sprofessoratEdinburghMedicalSchool,Dr.JosephBell.Thedoctor,armedwithfantasticscientificknowledgeandremarkableabilitiesinobservationanddeduction(演绎),wouldknowsomeone’soccupationandhabitsfromthetiniestdetails.Ononeoccasion,heshockedhisclassbydeducingtheoccupationofapatientsimplyfromhisaccent,schedule,andhands.Additionally,workingwithmurderinvestigations,illnessesanddeadbodiesthroughhisstudies,Doylebecameveryknowledgeableaboutthisarea.Sinceschool,Doyle’stalentasawriterwasclearasfellowpupilspaidhiminsweetsjusttocontinuehisstories,soyouwouldhavetoassumethatthesuccessofSherlockonthenationalstagebroughtDoylegreathappiness,right?Well,notquite.Fewpeopleknowthatitdidn’ttakelongforDoyletogetfrustratedwiththecharacter.Whileherankedhisworkhighly,heactuallyfeltthathiscareerhad,“goneofftherails”andwrotetohismothersaying,“Imustsavemymindforbetterthings.”DoylesawSherlockasanunwelcomedistractionfrommoreseriousworkwhichiswhyhekilledhimoffinTheFinalProblem.HolmesandMoriartyplungetotheirdeathsattheReichenbachFallsandSherlockHolmeswasfinished.But,aswithanyHolmestale,thereisatwist!FanswereextremlyangryandcanceledtheirsubscriptionsforTheStrandMagazineinrecordnumbers.ThecontinuouspressurefromfansandpublishersfinallyledDoyletopublishanewstory,TheHoundofBaskervilles,in1901.This,however,wassetbeforethedeathofSherlocksothecompleteresurrection(复活)happenedin1903,withTheAdventureoftheEmptyHouse,inwhichitisrevealedthatonlyMoriartyfellandHolmesfakedhisdeath.36．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ThesuccessofSherlockHolmesmadeDoyleinstantfamous.B．TheinventionoffilmandtelevisionhashelpedtopromoteSherlockHolmes.C．DoylefoundinspirationmainlyfromDr.JosephBellandhisteacherinschool.D．Doyle’swritingcapabilitieswaslongrecognizedbyhispeers.37．WhydidDoylefeelfrustratedwithSherlockHolmes?A．ThecharacterwasnotaskeenasDr.JosephBell.B．Hecouldn’tmakemuchmoneyfromthebook.C．Thebookkepthimfromwritingseriousliterature.D．Hewasattackedbythefansofthebook.38．Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A．Doyledidn’tshowtalentforwritinguntilhemetDr.JosephBell.B．ThesuccessofSherlockHolmeswasbitter-sweettoDoyle.C．ManymoviesareadaptedfromthestoryofSherlockHolmes.D．DoylewasinvolvedinmurderinvestigationsinordertowriteSherlockHolmes.39．Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom________.A．abookletofDoylemuseum B．awebsiteforfansofHolmesC．aliterarymagazine D．anacademicreport【答案】36．D37．C38．B39．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作家柯南·道尔和他的《福尔摩斯》系列作品，道尔的创作灵感源于他的大学教授，他从学校开始便展露出众的写作天赋，《福尔摩斯》的成功带给道尔的并不都是幸福，还有因为无法创作严肃文学作品的沮丧，他因此结束了主角福尔摩斯的生命，但是因书迷们的反抗，后来又让主角复活了。36．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sinceschool,Doyle’stalentasawriterwasclearasfellowpupilspaidhiminsweetsjusttocontinuehisstories（从学校开始，道尔作为一个作家的天赋就很明显，因为同学们给他糖果，只是为了让他继续写他的故事）”可知，道尔的同学们都认可他出众的写作天赋，会给他糖果希望他保持创作。故选D项。37．细节理解题。根据第四段中“DoylesawSherlockasanunwelcomedistractionfrommoreseriousworkwhichiswhyhekilledhimoffinTheFinalProblem.（道尔认为夏洛克会让他远离严肃的文学作品，这也是他在《最后一案》中杀死夏洛克的原因。）”可知，道尔之所以对夏洛克·福尔摩斯感到失望，是因为这个角色的受欢迎让他无法创作严肃的文学作品。故选C项。38．推理判断题。根据第三段中“…soyouwouldhavetoassumethatthesuccessofSherlockonthenationalstagebroughtDoylegreathappiness,right?（所以你会认为夏洛克在全国舞台上的成功给道尔带来了巨大的幸福，对吧?）”和第四段中“Well,notquite.Fewpeopleknowthatitdidn’ttakelongforDoyletogetfrustratedwiththecharacter.Whileherankedhisworkhighly,heactuallyfeltthathiscareerhad,“goneofftherails”andwrotetohismothersaying,“Imustsavemymindforbetterthings.”（嗯，不完全是。很少有人知道道尔很快就对这个角色感到沮丧。虽然他对自己的工作评价很高，但他实际上觉得自己的事业已经“脱轨了”，他写信给母亲说：“我必须把心思放在更好的事情上。”）”可知，《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》的巨大成功带给道尔的并不完全都是幸福，虽然他对自己的工作评价很高，但他也意识到这让他无法创作严肃文学，因此感到沮丧。因此，夏洛克·福尔摩斯的成功对于道尔而言是悲喜交加的。故选B项。39．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了作家柯南·道尔和他的《福尔摩斯》系列作品，道尔的创作灵感源于他的大学教授，他从学校开始便展露出众的写作天赋，《福尔摩斯》的成功带给道尔的并不都是幸福，还有因为无法创作严肃文学作品的沮丧，他因此结束了主角福尔摩斯的生命，但是因书迷们的反抗，后来又让主角复活了。文章在介绍作家的同时，涉及了作品的相关趣事，相对来说比较客观，但并没有那么专业和艰深，所以应该出自一本文学杂志，而非道尔博物馆的小册子、福尔摩斯迷的网站、学术报告。故选C项。（B）（2023·上海徐汇·统考二模）WHATISSCIENCEGAMES?Withafocusoncollaboration,connection,discovery,andfun,studentsinBritishColumbiawillhaveanopportunitytoparticipateina3-weeksciencejourneyinJuly2023!AtScienceGames,studentsfromGrades1–6acrossBCexploresciencefirst-handinanonlinegroupledbyengineersandgeoscientists.Thisinteractiveeventhostedonlinegivesstudentsthechancetoinvestigatethewaysscienceaffectstheireverydaylives.Divingdeepintotheworldofinnovation,participantswillconnectwithotherlike-mindedstudentsandworktogetheronlinetocreatetheirownsolutionsduringeachSaturdayactivitysession.2023VIRTUALPROGRAMSCHEDULEDateDivision1(Grades1–3)Division2(Grades4–6)July15,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PMJuly22,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PMJuly29,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PM2023SCIENCEGAMESREGISTRATIONToparticipateinthesesessions,yourchildmustbesignedupasa2023ScienceGamesparticipantandpaya$25+GSTregistrationfee.Ifthereisafinancialbarriertoyourparticipationinthe2023ScienceGames,youcanapplyforabursaryforareducedrate.TheonlineScienceGamesBursaryapplicationformwillbeavailablewhenregistrationlaunches.Parents/Guardianscanregistertheirchild/childrenas:IndividualParticipantsGroupParticipantsPleasenote:Youcangroupregistrationswithagroupcode.Thegroupsizemaximumis3participantssoyoucanonlyshareyourcodewith2otherScienceGamesparticipants.ScienceGamesparticipantswillalsoreceiveapackagefromEngineersandGeoscientistsBCattheendofJune.ThispackageincludesitemsthatarenecessaryforparticipationinaparticularScienceGamesactivity.HaveanyotherquestionsaboutScienceGames2023?Emailusatsciencegames@egbc.ca.40．Accordingtotheinformationabove,ScienceGamesismostprobably________.A．asciencewebsite B．apackageofgamesC．anonlineprogram D．agroupcompetition41．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bursary”probablymean?A．Admission. B．Reward. C．Budget. D．Scholarship.42．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutScienceGames?A．Eachsessionofthevirtualprogramwilllasttwohours.B．Studentswillconducthands-onexperimentswithscientists.C．Parentsneedtoprepareactivitymaterialsfortheirchildren.D．Eachregistrationgroupcanhavenomorethan3participants.【答案】40．C41．D42．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一项在线活动——科学游戏。40．推理判断题。根据第一框第二段中“Thisinteractiveeventhostedonlinegivesstudentsthechancetoinvestigatethewaysscienceaffectstheireverydaylives.(这个在线举办的互动活动让学生有机会调查科学如何影响他们的日常生活)”可知，ScienceGames最有可能是在线活动。故选C项。41．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“TheonlineScienceGamesBursaryapplicationformwillbeavailablewhenregistrationlaunches.(网上科学游戏助学金申请表将于报名时提供)”以及本句中“forareducedrate(以降低费率)”说明网上科学游戏可以申请助学金，这样能降低费用，从而推知划线词句“Ifthereisafinancialbarriertoyourparticipationinthe2023ScienceGames,youcanapplyforabursaryforareducedrate.(如果你参加2023年科学运动会有经济障碍，你可以申请bursary，以降低费率)”其中划线短语应为“助学金”的意思。故选D项。42．细节理解题。根据第二框第一段中“Thegroupsizemaximumis3participantssoyoucanonlyshareyourcodewith2otherScienceGamesparticipants.(小组人数最多为3人，因此你只能与其他2名科学游戏参与者分享你的代码)”可知，每个注册组的参与者不超过3人。故选D项。（C）（2023·上海·上海市民办文绮中学校考三模）Backin1964,inhisbookGamesPeoplePlay,psychiatristEricBernedescribedapatternofconversationhecalled“WhyDon’tYou—YesBut”,whichremainsoneofthemostannoyingaspectsofeverydaysociallife.Thepersonadoptingthestrategyisusuallyachroniccomplainer.Somethingisterribleabouttheirrelationship,job,orothersituation,andtheycomplainaboutitendlessly,butfindsomeexcusetodismissanysolutionthat’sproposed.Thereason,ofcourse,isthatonsomeleveltheydon’twantasolution;theywanttobevalidated(认可)intheirpositionthattheworldisouttogetthem.Iftheycan“win”thegame—dismissingeverysuggestionuntilinterlocutor(对话者)givesupinannoyance—theygettofeelpleasurablyrighteous(正当的)intheirangerandexcusedfromanyobligationtochange.Partofthetroublehereistheso-calledresponsibility/faultfallacy(谬误).Whenyou’refeelingharddoneby—takenforgrantedbyyourpartner,say,orobligedtoworkforastupidboss—it’seasytobecomeattachedtothepositionthatit’snotyourjobtoaddressthematter,andthatdoingsowouldbeanadmissionoffault.Butthere’saconfusionhere.Forexample,ifIweretodiscoveranewbornatmyfrontdoor,itwouldn’tbemyfault,butitmostcertainlywouldbemyresponsibility.Therewouldbechoicestomake,andnopossibilityofavoidingthem,sincetryingtoignorethematterwouldbeachoice.Thepointisthatwhatgoesforthebabyonthedoorstepistrueinallcases:eveniftheotherpersonis100%inthewrong,there’snothingtobegained,long-term,fromusingthisasajustificationtoevaderesponsibility.Shouldyoufindyourselfonthereceivingendofthiskindofcomplaining,there’sacleverwaytoshutitdown—whichistoagreewithit.PsychotherapistLoriGottliebdescribesthisas“over-validation”.Foronething,you’llbesparedfurthercomplaining,sincetheotherperson’smotivationwastoconfirmherbeliefs,andnowyou’reconfirmingthem.Butforanother,asGottliebnotes,peopleconfrontedwithover-validationoftenheartheircomplaintsafreshandstartarguingback.Theconceptthatthey’reutterlypowerlesssuddenlysee