【创新设计】2020-2021学年高中英语同步精练：必修4-Unit-2单元测试(人教版-重庆专用)

Unit2Workingtheland(满分：150分，时间：120分钟)一、单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．________“OccupyWallStreet”movementstartedas________wayofshowingfrustration(懊丧)abouthighunemployment，socialinequalityandotherissuesinAmericansociety.A．A；a B．The；the C．/；a D．The；a答案D[考查冠词。句意：“占据华尔街”运动是人们表达懊丧心情的一种方式，如对美国社会高失业率、社会不公平现象以及其他社会问题的不满。the“OccupyWallStreet”movement“占据华尔街”运动，这个专出名词是由一般名词构成的，故加the表示特指；awayof...“一种……的方式”。]2．Therearemanysalesofmobilephonesonwww.taobao.com，andyoucanchoose________basedonyourowninterests.A．that B．each C．it D．one答案D[考查代词的用法。句意：在淘宝网上有很多手机出售，你可以依据自己的爱好选择一款。one泛指“从网上选一款手机”；that特指“同一类”；it指同一个。]3．(2021·海口高一检测)Waterfrompoisonedwellsmay________deadlycancers.A．resultfrom B．sufferfromC．leadto D．liein答案C[考查动词短语。句意：有毒的井水可能会导致致命的癌症。leadto“导致；造成(后果)”，符合题意。resultfrom起因于，由……造成；sufferfrom患病；liein在于。]4．Theteacheradvisedmeto________mystoryintoanovel.A．share B．expandC．explode D．respond答案B[考查动词词义。句意：老师建议我把我的故事扩展成一部小说。expand“使变大；扩展”，expand...into...“把……扩展成……”，符合题意。share共享，分担；explode爆炸；respond作出反应，回应。]5．________thehelpofthePLAmen，manypeoplesurvivedtheearthquake.A．Thanksto B．AsaresultC．Asfor D．Inspiteof答案A[考查短语辨析。句意：幸亏有解放军的挂念，很多人才在地震中幸免于难。thanksto“幸亏；由于”，符合题意。asaresult结果，因此；asfor关于；至于；inspiteof不管，尽管。]6．(2021·石家庄高一检测)—Doyoufeellikedrivingout?—No.I'dratherwe________ataxi.A．take B．taking C．havetaken D．took答案D[考查wouldrather从句的时态。句意：你想驾车出行吗？——不，我宁愿我们乘出租车。wouldrather后接的从句中谓语要用虚拟语气形式，表示与现在事实相反应用一般过去时。]7．Hewasverytired，and________hedidn'tgivethemarketreport.A．so B．therefore C．however D．though答案B[句意：他很累，因此他没有作市场报告。and连接两个并列分句，故空处应为副词，前后为因果关系，应用therefore“因此；所以”。so作“因此；所以”讲时为连词；however“然而”，表转折；though“虽然；尽管”，为连词。]8．(2021·青岛高一检测)—Youarenotyourself.What'sthematterwithyou?—Ihavefailedintheexperiment.I________nothavingfollowedmyteacher'sadvice.A．refer B．intend C．respect D．regret答案D[考查动词词义。句意：——你看起来不对劲。怎么了？——我的试验失败了。我懊悔没有听老师的建议。regrethavingdonesth“懊悔做了某事”，符合题意。refer常和to连用，表示“谈到；查阅”；intendtodosth打算做某事；respect“敬重；敬重”，常用于respectsbfor(doing)sth结构。]9．—Whathasmadehimupsetrecently?—________alonetofacethetroublesomecase.A．Left B．BeingleftC．Havingleft D．Toleave答案B[考查动名词结构作主语。句意：——是什么让他最近这么心烦？——独自被留下面对问题大事。答语是只保留了主语的省略句，且he与leave之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式。]10．—Wouldyouliketomakecomments________ourfootballteam'sperformancesduringthewholeyear?—Sorry，butIamnotinapositiontodoso.A．at B．on C．with D．in答案B[考查短语搭配。句意：——你能就我们足球队一年的表现发表一些评论吗？——愧疚，我没有资格这么做。makecommentson“对……加以评论”，为固定搭配。]11．Itisrequiredthatallthevehiclecompaniesshould________theircarswithsafetybelts.A．associate B．equip C．relate D．feed答案B[考查动词词义。句意：要求全部的汽车公司给他们的汽车配备平安带。equip...with...“给……配备……”，符合题意。associate...with...“把……和……联系起来”；relate通常与介词to搭配；feed...with...中with表示把……放进……。]12．(2021·株洲高一检测)Theyboughtsomecarsfromthedevelopedcountrieswiththedollarsearnedby________wheat，cornandrice.A．tobeexported B．toexportC．exported D．exporting答案D[考查动名词短语作宾语。句意：他们用出口小麦、玉米和大米赚得的美元从发达国家购买了一些小汽车。by后用动词­ing形式作宾语，故选D。]13．Hiswinningthecompetitionhas________hisconfidence.A．setup B．putup C．builtup D．madeup答案C[考查动词短语辨析。句意：他赢得了这场竞赛，增加了他的信念。buildup“渐渐增加；建立”，符合题意。]14．Theteacherwassatisfied________theprogresshehasmade，becauseheridhimself________beinglazyandcareless.A．about；of B．with；fromC．with；of D．at；off答案C[考查固定搭配。句意：老师对他已取得的进步很满足，由于他消退了懒散和马虎。besatisfiedwith对……满足；rid...of...使……摆脱或除去……。]15．ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses________energyasthewholeofEurope.A．astwice B．twicemuchC．twicemuchas D．twiceasmuch答案D[考查倍数表达法。句意：据报道，美国使用的能源是整个欧洲使用能源的两倍。倍数表达法常用的有三种：(1)倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than...(2)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as...(3)倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/height...)＋of...，这里考查的是其次种，不过在形容词原级之后加了一个名词。]二、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AMyfriendsandIhadjustfinishedlunchatahotelwhenitstartedtopourheavily.Whenitbecamelighter，Idecidedto__16__theraintogetmycar，whichwasparkedatmyofficethreestreetsaway.Myfriends__17__thatIshouldn'tgo，mainlybecauseIwassevenmonthspregnantthen.IassuredthemthatI'dbevery__18__.Iwalkedoutofthehotelandstartedmakingmy__19__tothecar.Atthetrafficjunction，avan__20__andthepassengergotoffwithanumbrella.BeforeIknewwhatwashappening，hewalkedrightbesidemeandtoldmehe'descort(护送)metomy__21__.Iwasveryembarrassedand__22__，buthewasverypersistent.Duringourwalk，hekepttellingmetowalk__23__，asthegroundwaswet.Whenwegottothecarpark，Ithankedhimandwepartedways.Ididnotgethisnameandmaynoteven__24__himnow.Didhepurposelystopforme？I'llneverknow.SohowdidIpayitforward？IwasathomewhenI__25__twoIndianconstructionworkerswalkingintheheavyrain.Theywereprobablyontheirwaytotheconstructionsitenearmyestate.Iwentoutand__26__themanumbrella，tellingthemtheyshouldtaketheumbrellaandkeepit.Theywereverygratefulandlikeme，probablywonderedwhya__27__wasofferingsuchkindness.16．A.carry B．keep C．brave D．collect答案C[作者打算冒雨去开车。brave为及物动词，意为“英勇地面对”。]17．A.guessed B．arguedC．complained D．promised答案B[伴侣不主见她冒雨前行。argue表示提出理由赞成或反对。]18．A.successful B．carefulC．joyful D．stressful答案B[作者向伴侣保证会当心的(careful)。]19．A.call B．change C．way D．choice答案C[makeone'sway为固定搭配，意为“上路”。]20．A.disappeared B．leftC．started D．stopped答案D[依据下文thepassengergotoffwithanumbrella可知，这辆面包车停了下来。]21．A.destination B．hotelC．office D．company答案A[依据全文推断可知，这位乘客要送作者到目的地(destination)。]22．A.agreed B．declinedC．smiled D．cried答案B[依据下文buthewasverypersistent可知，虽然作者表示谢绝(declined)，但乘客还是坚持护送她。]23．A.slower B．alone C．ahead D．together答案A[依据上文Iwassevenmonthspregnantthen和下文asthegroundwaswet可知，他一再嘱咐作者要慢一些走。]24．A.like B．spot C．recall D．recognise答案D[那时作者没有问及那位好心人的名字，甚至现在不会再认出(recognise)他。like宠爱；spot看出，发觉；recall回忆。]25．A.imagined B．noticed C．invited D．heard答案B[作者打算把爱心传递下去。有一天，在家时突然发觉(noticed)冒雨前行的两名印度建筑工人。]26．A.passed B．made C．showed D．sold答案A[作者把一把雨伞送给这两个人。passsb.sth.意为“把某物交/传给某人”。]27．A.passerby B．strangerC．man D．woman答案B[依据作者个人经受，可以推断这两个印度工人也会对来自于一个生疏人(stranger)的善举感到惊异。]BDoyouoftenseesillywordsordrawings__28__ontothedesksinyourclassroom？Howmanytimeshaveyouseen__29__windowsintheclassroomsandotherschoolbuildings？Thisisvandalism(有意损坏)，thedestroyingordamagingofpublic__30__fornoobviousreason.Vandalisminschoolsisbecomingagrowingproblem，anditis__31__usmorethanmoney.Itcostsusourfeelingofprideinourschool.Howcanwe__32__vandalisminschools？Firstofall，weneedtomakestudentsrealizetheimportanceoftakingcareofpublicproperty.Second，weshouldlearntoobeyschoolrulesand__33__.Ifitisseriousvandalism，weneedtoreportittotheteacher.Third，anyonewho__34__schoolpropertyshouldreceivesomekindofpunishment.Wewillbegintoseecleanerschoolandhappierstudentswhenwe__35__themaboutvandalismandworktopreventitfromhappening.28．A.appeared B．damaged C．carved D．bent答案C[通读全文可知作者在文章开头列举了有意损坏公物的例子。此处指在桌子上“刻(carve)”字或画。]29．A.broken B．abolishedC．abandoned D．attracted答案A[教室及其他学校建筑的“坏(broken)”窗户。abolished彻底废除的；abandoned遗弃的；attracted被吸引，均不符合语境。]30．A.property B．budgetC．content D．school答案A[第三段其次句话中的“publicproperty”可知A项正确，此处指公共财产。]31．A.paying B．spending C．giving D．costing答案D[有意损害公物让我们失去的不仅仅是金钱。下文的“cost”为提示。]32．A.protect B．prevent C．realize D．fight答案B[从下文内容看出，作者列举了三种避开(prevent)有意损坏公物的措施。故选B。]33．A.orders B．demandsC．regulations D．intentions答案C[句意：我们应当学会遵守学校规章制度。此空需要与上文的rules相呼应。regulation规章，条例，符合语境。]34．A.measures B．mixes C．vandalizes D．occupies答案C[句意：不论谁损坏公物都得受到某种惩处。依据上文第一段中的名词vandalism不难推断此处选它的动词形式vandalize。]35．A.educate B．tell C．order D．mention答案A[假如我们训练同学什么是有意破坏公物并实行措施加以防止，我们就会看到更加洁净的校内和更欢快的孩子。文章介绍的为校内大事，故此处填“训练”一词恰当。]三、阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ASeveralhundredstrangersreceived“loveletters”fromayoungmanonthestreet.TheletterwaswrittenandgivenoutbyYangYang，whoaskedpassers­by，ashehandedthemthenotes，“Doyousufferfrompressure？”HewasastudentmajoringinhumanresourcesatChongqingUniversityofScienceandTechnology，whohopedtoshowhisdisappointmentwithjobhunting.Yang'sstoryhascaughtmediaattentionperhapsbecauseitissimilartothoseofmillionsofrecentgraduatesseekingjobsandstrugglingforsurvivalinthecountry'swealthiestcities.Theyhavediplomas，ratherthanprofessionalskills，andcometobigcitiesinhopesofbetterlives，onlytofindlow­payingjobsandpoorlivingconditions.TheyareChina's“anttribe(蚁族)”，atermcoinedbysociologistLianSifromPekingUniversityinhis2009book，AntTribe.“They'resosimilartoants.Theysharesmallandnarrowlivingareas.They'reintelligentandhard­working，yetnamelessandunderpaid.”Thetermalsospeakstotheirhelplessnessinaworldgovernedbythelawofthejungle—onlythestrongestsurvive.AsurveyinLian'sanotherbookpublishedthisyear，AntTribeⅡ，foundnearly30percentof“ants”aregraduatesoffamousuniversities—almostthreetimeslastyear'spercentage.Mosthaddegreesinpopularmajors.Inaddition,7.2percentof“ants”haveatleastamaster'sdegreecomparedto1.6percentin2009.An“ant's”averagemonthlysalaryis1,904yuan，withabout64percentofthemearninglessthan2,000yuanamonth.Anothersurveyinthe2010AnnualReportontheDevelopmentofChineseTalentfoundmorethan1million“ants”liveinbigcities.“Mostantsarefromruralfamiliesorsmalltowns，andtheirexperiencesinordinaryuniversitiesdidn'tarmthemwellenoughtofightwithcompetitorsinbigcities'employmentmarkets.”ProfessorZhangMingatRenminUniversityofChinasaid.The“anttribe's”embarrassinglivingsituationshavebecomeaserioussocialproblem，andthegovernmentshoulddevelopsmallercitiestoattractmoregraduatesfrombigcities，Zhangbelieved.However,“ants”expectmorestudyandtrainingopportunitiesinbigcities，whichkeepsthempositivedespitetheirsituations.36．Yang'sstoryisintroducedinorderto________.A．analyzegraduates'difficultiesinfindingjobsB．leadtothetopicofthearticle—“anttribe”C．tellreadersastoryaboutthosebigcitiesD．showacleverwayofdealingwithpressure答案B[推理推断题。文章用这个年轻人的故事反映出了就业的困难，从而导入“蚁族”这个中心话题。]37．The“ants”failtofindhigh­payingjobsmainlybecause________.A．theyhavenodiplomasfromgooduniversitiesB．theydonothavenecessaryprofessionalskillsC．theirmajorsdonotmeettheneedsofsocietyD．thosefromruralareasarenottreatedequally答案B[细节理解题。依据文章其次段其次句话可知答案。]38．ProfessorZhangthought“ants”problemscouldbesolvedby________.A．creatingmorejobsforgraduatesinbigcitiesB．developingsmallercitiestoattractgraduatesC．sendinggraduatestoruralareasandsmalltownsD．traininggraduatestoimprovetheirability答案B[细节理解题。依据文章倒数其次段的内容可知，张教授认为解决问题的方法是进展比较小的城市来吸引毕业生。]39．Bywritingthisarticle，theauthormainlymeanstoshow________.A．despitebettereducations，“ants”arestillstrugglingB．despitedifficulties，“ants”haveapromisingfutureC．bettereducation，betterjobopportunitiesD．AntTribeisagoodbooktohelpunderstandtoday'sChina答案A[目的意图题。作者通过这篇文章叙述了现阶段“蚁族”高校毕业生在社会上“挣扎”的生活状态。]BOvertheDecemberholidays，myhusbandhada10­daysilentmeditation(冥思、默念)．Notmyideaoffun，buthecamebackrefreshedandenergetic.Hesaidtheexperiencewassofantasticthathehasbeeninmeditationfortwohoursaday，onceinthemorningandonceintheevening，untiltheendofMarch.He'srunninganexperimenttodeterminewhetherandhowmeditationactuallyimprovesthequalityofhislife.Ihavedoubtsaboutit.Butnow，scientistssaythatmeditatorslikemyhusbandmaybebenefitingfromchangesintheirbrains.Theresearchersreportthatthosewhomeditatedforabout30minutesadayforeightweekshadmeasurablechangesingreymatterdensityinpartsofthebrainassociatedwithmemory，senseofself，empathy(心灵相通)andstress.M．R.I(磁共振)brainscanstakenbeforeandaftertheparticipants'meditationfoundincreasedgreymatterinthehippocampue，anareaimportantforlearningandmemory.Theimagesalsoshowedareductionofgreymatterintheamygdala，apartconnectedtoanxietyandstress.Acontrolgroupthatdidnotpractisemeditationshowednosuchchanges.Howexactlydidthesestudyvolunteersmeditate？Somanypeopletalkaboutmeditatingthesedays.WithinfourmilesofourBayAreahome，thereareatleastsixcentersthatoffersometypeofmeditationclass，andIoftenhearphraseslike，“Sohowwasyoursittoday？”BrittaHolzel，aprofessoratMassachusettsGeneralHospitalandHarvardMedicalSchoolandthestudy'sleadauthor，saidtheparticipantspractisedmindfulnessmeditation，aformofsilentdeepthoughtthatwasintroducedintheUnitedStatesinthelate1970s.IttracesitsrootstothesameancientBuddhisttechniquesthatmyhusbandfollows.“Themainideaistousedifferentobjectstofocusone'sattention，anditcouldbeafocusonsensationsofbreathing，oremotionsorthoughts，orobservinganytypeofbodysensations，”shesaid.“Butit'saboutbringingthemindbacktothehereandnow，asopposedtolettingthemindwander.”Generallythemeditatorsareseateduprightonachairorthefloorandinsilence，althoughsometimestheremightbeaguideleadingthepractice，Dr.Holzelsaid.Ofcourse，it'simportanttorememberthatthehumanbrainiscomplex.“Thefieldisvery，veryyoung，andwedon'treallyknowenoughaboutityet，”Dr.Holzelsaid.“Iwouldsaythesearequitepreliminaryfindings.Weseethatthereissomethingthere，butwehavetotestthesefindingsoverandovertofindoutwhattheyreallymean.”Ithasbeenhardtoexactlytellthebenefitsofmeditation，buta2009studysuggeststhatmeditationmayreducebloodpressureforpatientswithcoronaryheartdisease(冠心病)．Anda2007studyfoundthatmeditatorshavelongerattentionperiods.Previousstudieshavealsoshownthattherearestructuraldifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmeditatorsandthosewhodon'tmeditate，althoughthisnewstudyisthefirsttorecordchangesingreymatterovertimethroughmeditation.Finally，Dr.Holzelsaidsheandhercolleagueswouldliketoprovehowmeditationresultsinclearimprovementsinpeople'slives.“Alotofstudiesfindthatitincreaseswell­being，improvesqualityoflife，butit'salwayshardtodeterminehowyoucanobjectivelytestthat，”shesaid.“Meditatorsmaybemorewillingtohelpwhensomeonesuffers，andactmoresympathetically.”Dr.Holzelsaid.Furtherstudyisneeded，butthatforetellswellforme.Fornow，I'mmorethanhappytosupportmyhusband'slittleexperiment，despitethefactthathenowrisesat5a．m.andisexhaustedby10atnight.AnempathetichusbandwhotakesouttherubbishandputspetrolinthecarbecauseheknowsIdon'tliketo—I'lltakethat.【解题导语】科学家们通过争辩发觉，冥思可以转变人们大脑内和记忆力、自我意识、心灵相通和压力有关的灰物质的密度，在降低冠心病患者的血压方面也有很大的挂念。科学家们将对冥思对于人们提高生活质量和健康方面更具体的影响做进一步的争辩。40．Howlongdoestheauthor'shusbandcarryonwithhismeditationpractice?A．About1year. B．About4months.C．Abouthalfayear. D．About2months.答案B[依据文章第一段的第一句话和其次段的第一句话可知，作者丈夫的假期从12月开头到3月底，所以时间应当为4个月。]41．Theunderlinedword“preliminary”inParagraph9means“________”．A．typical B．valuable C．original D．reliable答案C[original意为“最初的，原始的”。依据文章第九段中的第一、二句话“Ofcourse，it'simportanttorememberthatthehumanbrainiscomplex...”可知，在这方面的争辩是最初的，还有很多要争辩。]42．Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatthewifeis________.A．proudtohavesuchapatienthusbandB．gladtoseeherhusbandfullofenergyC．willingtofollowherhusband'sexampleD．happytohaveaconsideratehusband答案D[依据最终一段的最终一句话可知，“我”丈夫会主动把垃圾带出去，把汽车的油加满，由于他知道“我”不宠爱做这些事情。故作者的丈夫是格外爱护的。]43．Whatcanbethepossibletitleforthepassage?A．WhatrolemeditationplaysinlifeB．HowmyhusbandpractisesmeditationC．HowmeditationmaydogoodtousD．WhatexperienceIgotfrommyhusband答案C[通读全文可知，科学争辩表明冥思给人们的健康和生活的各个方面都带来了好处，因此C项最符合题意。]CTheresearchcarriedoutbytheUniversityofBariinItalycouldhelpprovehospitalswhoareaccusedofwastingmoneyonartanddecorationasitsuggestsapleasantenvironmenthelpspatientseasediscomfortandpain.AteamheadedbyProfessorMarinadeTommasoattheNeurophysiopathologyPainUnitaskedagroupofmenandwomentopickthe20paintingstheyconsideredmostuglyandmostbeautifulfromaselectionof300worksbyartistssuchasLeonardodaVinciandSandroBotticelli.Theywerethenaskedtolookateitherthebeautifulpaintings，ortheuglypaintings，orablankpanelwhiletheteamzapped(照射)ashortlaserpulseattheirhand，creatingasensationasiftheyhadbeenstuckbyapin.Thesubjectsratedthepainasbeingathirdlessintensewhiletheywereviewingthebeautifulpaintings，comparedwithwhenlookingattheuglypaintingsortheblankpanel.Electrodesmeasuringthebrain'selectricalactivityalsoconfirmedareducedresponsetothepainwhenthesubjectlookedatbeautifulpaintings.Whiledistractions，suchasmusic，areknowntoreducepaininhospitalpatients，ProfdeTommasosaysthisisthefirstresulttoshowthatbeautyplaysapart.Thefindings，reportedinNewScientist，alsogoalongwaytoshowthatbeautifulsurroundingscouldaidthehealingprocess.“Hospitalshavebeendesignedtobefunctional，butwethinkthattheirartisticaspectsshouldbetakenintoaccount，too，”saidtheneurologist.“Beautyobviouslyoffersadistractionthatuglypaintingsdonot.Butatleastthereisnosuggestionthatuglysurroundingsmakethepainworse.Ithinktheseresultsshowthatmoreresearchisneededintothefieldhowabeautifulenvironmentcanalleviatesuffering.”PicturestheylikedincludedStarryNightbyVincentVanGoghandBotticelli'sBirthofVenus.PicturestheyfounduglyincludedworksbyPabloPicasso，theItalian20thcenturyartistAnonioBuenoandColumbianFernandoBotero.“Thesepeoplewerenotartexpertssosomeofthepicturestheyfounduglywouldbeconsideredmasterpiecesbytheartworld，”saidProfdeTommaso.【解题导语】意大利巴里高校日前开展的一项争辩表明，舒适愉悦的环境有助于减轻病人的苦痛。这一发觉有力地驳斥了认为医院不应当把钱铺张在艺术品装饰上的说法。争辩人员信任新的争辩会对患者起到新的治疗作用。44．Theunderlinedword“alleviate”inthe5thparagraphprobablymeans“_______”．A．cure B．ease C．improve D．kill答案B[词义猜想题。依据文章的第一段最终一句asitsuggestsapleasantenvironmenthelpspatientseasediscomfortandpain可以得出本题的答案为ease(缓解，减轻)，而不是“治愈”“毁灭”或“增加”。]45．Howmanyartistshavebeenmentionedinthepassage?A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7.答案C[数字计算题。本文提到的艺术家有LeonardodaVinci，SandroBotticelli，VincentVanGogh，PabloPicasso，AnonioBueno，ColumbianFernandoBotero六人。]46．Fromthelastparagraph，weknowthat________.A．someartists'paintingswerebeautiful，sotheyweremasterpiecesB．onlyartexpertscouldjudgetheyweremasterpiecesornot，thoughuglyC．theartistsmentionedabovewerenotreallyartmastersD．someofthemwereartmasters，whileotherswerenot答案B[推理推断题。本段的最终一句的意思为：这些人不是艺术家，所以一些他们认犯难看的作品其实都是世界名作。]47．Whichofthefollowingisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A．BeautifulsurroundingscaneasepainB．UglypaintingscouldbemasterpiecesC．MoreresearchshouldbedoneinthefieldD．Latestenvironmentalresearch答案A[主旨大意题。依据全文内容和争辩结果可知，本题答案为A。B、C只是争辩结果中的一部分，不能概括全文。D的范围过大。]DManypeoplefeelthattheirparentswereharderonthemthanontheirbrotherorsister.Andmanyarequicktoblamenegativeresultsinadulthoodonit.ButresultsfromaTempleUniversityResearchershavefoundthatamongsiblings(兄弟姐妹)inthesamefamily，recallednegativeearlyexperiencessuchasconflictswithparentsseemtohavelittleinfluenceoverpsychological(心理的)well­beinginmid­life.“Existingresearchsuggeststheimportanceofearlychildhoodparentaltreatmentonlaterwell­being，butrespondentsinthisstudywhothoughttheyweretreatedlessfavorablythantheirsiblingshavebeenfoundtobejustassatisfiedintheirlives，”saidAdamDavey，apsychologistintheCollegeofHealthProfessions.Davey'sstudylookedatdatacollectedfrom1,369siblingsbetweentheagesof26—74from498differentfamiliestodeterminetheextent(程度)towhichdifferentchildhoodtreatmentreachedintoadulthood.Eachsiblingansweredaseriesofquestionsabouttheirmemoriesofparentalaffection(宠爱)，conflictswiththeirparentswhentheywereyoungandcurrentwell­being.Daveyandhisteamfoundthatthosewhorememberedhavingmoreconflictswiththeirparentsthantheirsiblingsstilltendedtohavegenerallyhighlevelsofwell­beinginadulthood.Notsurprisingly，theyalsofoundthathappiermemories，suchasmemoriesofaffectionandwarmth，canhavepositiveeffects.Olderrespondentswhoweremarriedandhadchildrenoftheirowntendedtohaveamorepositiverecollectionoftheirchildhood.Daveysaysthesefindingscouldsuggestthatlifeexperienceactsasafilter(过滤)forrememberingchildhoodmemories.Headdsthatpersonalityalsoplaysarole：thosewhoweremoreout­goingtendedtohaveabetterrecollectionoftheirchildhood.“Evenpeoplewhogrowupinthesameenvironmentcanhavedifferentwaysofrecallingthepast.Andit'snotnecessarilywhathappensinthepast，butthewaywerememberitthatmakesadifferencetoourwell­being，”saidDavey.【解题导语】争辩表明，负面的童年经受对成年期的心理健康并无多大影响。48．What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toshowhowtoimprovewell­beinginmid­life.B．Toteachparentshowtogivetheirchildrenahappierchildhood.C．Toblamesomeparentsforbeingharderononeoftheirchildren.D．Toshowthelinkbetweennegativechildhoodexperiencesandwell­beinginadulthood.答案D[作者意图题。本文主要向大家呈现了一项争辩结果，故选D。]49．Theresearchshowsthat________.A．negativeearlyexperienceshavelittleinfluenceoverwell­beinginmid­lifeB．peoplewhoweretreatedfavorablyaremoresatisfiedintheirlaterlivesC．earlychildhoodparentaltreatmentisimportanttolaterwell­beingD．it'simpossibleforparentstotreatchildrenequally答案A[细节理解题。依据其次段的recallednegativeearlyexperiencessuchasconflictswithparentsseemtohavelittleinfluenceoverpsychologicalwell­beinginmid­life.可知应选A。]50．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafactoronhowpeoplerecollectchildhoodinParagraph5?A．Havingchildrenornot.B．Beinghealthyornot.C．Lifeexperience.D．Personality.答案B[细节理解题。通读第五段，可知影响儿时回忆的因素有：是否已婚和有孩子，生活经受以及共性，作者并没有提到健康与否是否会影响对儿时的回忆。]51．AccordingtoDavey，whatinfluencesourwell­beinginadulthood?A．Whathappenedinthepast.B．Howwerememberthepast.C．Theroleweplayinsociety.D．Howmuchwehave.答案B[推理推断题。依据末段的it'snotnecessarilywhathappensinthepast，butthewaywerememberitthatmakesadifferenceinourwell­being可知应选B。]EFROM1964to1978，Dazhai，withapopulationof500，wasthemostfamousvillageinChina.MillionsofChinesecametotheShanxivillagetovisititsterracedfields(梯田)and“splendid”irrigationsystems.Itwasnotuntil1978whenGuoFenglian，headofthevillage，paidavisittotheUSthatChina'smodelvillagefoundhowfarithadfallenbehindthoseindevelopedcountries.“Iwasastonishedattheirmodernequipmentinharvesting，whichcouldevenseparatebigtomatoesfromsmallones，”saidGuo.“Americanfarmers'lifequalityalsoimpressedmealot.Everydaytheyhadtwocupsofmilk，whichissomethingwedon'thaveeveninourwildestdreams.”“Wehavetolearntheiradvancedtechnologyandadministrationforourowndevelopment，”saidthenfirstDeputyPrimeMinisterDengXiaopingwhowasplanningChina'sreformandopeninguppolicythen.“Throughopeningourdoors，wewouldnotonlytakeadvantageofforeignfunds(资金)，butalsocreatejobopportunitiesandcultivate(培育)talents.”In1978JapaneseelectricitygiantPanasonic(松下)cametoChinaasthefirstforeignbusinesstoinvest(投资)hereanditssuccessattractedotherworldbrandsintoexploringtheChinesemarket.SofarChinahasfor15yearstakenintheworld'ssecondbiggestforeigninvestment，followingtheUS，tohelpsetthecountryinafastgrowth.However，China's30­yearroadofreformwasnotalwayssmooth.Doubtsonthereformbegantoriseattheendofthe1980sasmanypeopleworriedthecountrywouldturntocapitalism(资本主义)．“Thecriterionforourjudgmentiswhetherithelpsdevelopsocialistproductiveforces，whetherithelpsincreasetheoverallnationalstrengthofasocialistcountry，andwhetheritbringsaboutbetterlivingstandards，”saidDeng.“China'sreformandopeningupisauniquesuccessstory.IthasbroughtbenefittobothChinaandtheworld，”saidWilliamKeller，chiefmanagerofaSwisspharmaceutical(制药的)company.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，其大意是描述大寨村在改革开放后的历史变化，从而影射出改革开放对中国经济进展作出的贡献。52．Dazhaiwasnotfamousfor________.A．thewonderfulirrigationsystemsB．itsterracedfieldsC．itsmodernequipmentD．thefarmer'slife答案C[推理推断题。依据第三段的大意可知本题选C。本题难度适中。]53．GuoFenglianwas________atthesightofthemodernequipmentinharvestingwhenshevisitedtheUSin1978.A．shocked B．delightedC．excited D．attracted答案A[细节理解题。依据第三段首句中的astonished可知本题选A。本题易。]54．________wasthefirstbigcountrytoinvestinChina.A．America B．Japan C．Swiss D．Panasonic答案B[细节理解题。依据第五段首句可知本题选B。本题易。]55．Manypeoplehavedoubtsaboutthereform________.A．in1978 B．in1980C．in1981 D．attheendofthe1980s答案D[细节理解题。依据第六段大意可知本题选D。本题难度适中。]四、写作(共两个写作任务，满分35分)写作一(满分15分)请依据以下提示，结合你校内生活中的一个事例，就“自信”这一话题，用英语写一篇短文。Ifonehasnoconfidence，thereislittlepossibilitythatonecanachieveanythingwhenfacedwithhardships.留意：1