【创新设计】2021高考英语(广东专用)大二轮总复习测试：完形填空专题-专题四-语法填空

专题四语法填空Ⅰ.体验高考(2022·广东)阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Lastyear，mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid__1__wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent，wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame，wewereready.Afterourplanelanded，wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths__2__(early)，butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We__3__(tell)thatourroomshadn'tbeenreservedforthatweek，__4__fortheweekafter.Ididn'tunderstand__5__thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged__6__thereservation.What'sworse，thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo，themanagercameout.Shewas__7__(surprise)helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon__8__topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom，andweweren'tchargedextra.Thenextday，mybrotherandIwenttothebeach__9__wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Wegotalittle__10__(sunburn)，butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidn'tmind.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，记述了我和我兄弟去Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正值不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们支配在留出来的VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，真是喜出望外的事。1．解析在said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。答案it2．解析在句中作状语，照旧用副词；不变词性，由于是较早的做的事，所以用比较级。答案earlier3．解析由句意可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。答案weretold4．解析依据上下句意，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”，为not...but...结构。答案but5．解析意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用why引导宾语从句。答案why6．解析charge...for...是习惯搭配。答案for7．解析因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊异地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。答案surprisingly8．解析特指“在顶楼”。答案the9．解析先行词是地点thebeach，且在定语从句中作状语，故填where(＝onwhich＝andonthebeach＝andthere)。答案where10．解析在表示“变化”的got后作表语，要用形容词；sunburn是名词，其形容词形式是burnt或burned。答案sunburnt/sunburnedⅡ.仿真模拟Passage1Acertainmanplantedaroseandwatereditfaithfullyandbeforeitblossomed，heexaminedit.Hesawthebud__1__wouldsoonblossom，butnoticedthorns(棘刺)uponthestemandhethought，“Howcananybeautifulflowercome__2__aplantburdenedwithsomanysharpthorns？”Saddenedbythisthought，he__3__(neglect)towatertherose，andjust__4__itwasreadytobloom...itdied.Soitiswithmanypeople.Withineverysoulthereis__5__rose.TheGod­likequalitiesplantedinusatbirth，growamidthethornsofourfaults.Manyofuslookat__6__andseeonlythethorns，thedefects.Wedespair，__7__(think)thatnothinggoodcanpossiblycomefromus.Weneglecttowaterthegoodwithinus，and__8__(event)itdies.Weneverrealizeourpotential.Somepeopledonotseetherosewithinthemselves;someoneelsemustshow__9__tothem.Oneofthe__10__(great)giftsapersoncanpossessistobeabletoreachpastthethornsofanother，andfindtherosewithinthem.【语篇导读】本文叙述每个人心中都有一朵玫瑰。我们要透过自己的缺点，看到自己的优点。1．解析引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词bud。答案that/which2．解析依据comefrom“来自于”可知。答案from3．解析由与之并列的谓语died可知，用一般过去时。答案neglected4．解析因在and后有itwas...和itdied两个句子，且这两句之间没有关联词，故填关联词；表示“在……之前，还没来得及……”，用before。答案before5．解析每个人的灵魂深处都有一朵玫瑰，用不定冠词。答案a6．解析前有us，我们很多人端详自己，用反身代词。答案ourselves7．解析前已有谓语动词despair，think前又没有连词，故用现在分词表示伴随。答案thinking8．解析此处需要用副词修饰谓语，故要作词类转换。答案eventually9．解析代词it指代前面的rose。答案it10．解析依据句意，尤其是“oneof”可知用最高级。答案greatestPassage2Whenwedonotunderstandeachother'slanguage，wecantalkwiththehelpofsigns.AFrenchmanwasoncetravelinginEngland.HecouldnotspeakEnglishatall.Onedayhewentintoarestaurantand__1__(sit)downatatable.Whenthewaitercame，heopenedhismouth，puthisfingersinitandtook__2__outagain.Hewantedtosay，“Bringme__3__toeat.”Thewaitersoonbroughthimacupoftea.Themanmovedhishead__4__sidetoside.Thewaiterunderstoodhimandtooktheteaaway.Inamomenthecamewithacupofcoffee，__5__themanagainrefusedit.Heshookhishead__6__thewaiterbroughthimsomethingtodrink，fordrinksarenotfood.Whenthemanwasgoingaway，__7__mancamein.Thismansawthe__8__(wait)，andheputhishand__9__hisstomach.Thatwasenough.Inafewminutestherewasalargeplateofmeatandvegetablesonthetableinfrontofhim.__10__，yousee，sometimeswecanunderstandthelanguageofsignsaswellaswecanunderstandthelanguageofwords.【语篇导读】本文介绍当两个生疏人彼此之间没方法理解对方的语言时，可以借助手势进行沟通，但有时也会产生误会，造成误会。1．解析用过去时，与前面的动词wentinto并列，前后时态全都。答案sat2．解析指代前面的hisfingers。答案them3．解析不定代词“一些东西”，下面一段有提示。答案something4．解析与to连用，构成“fromsidetoside”。答案from5．解析表转折，由于后面有一个动词refuse。答案but6．解析依据前后的关系，可知引导时间状语从句“无论什么时候”。答案whenever/when7．解析表示“另一位，另一个”，接单数名词。答案another8．解析在冠词后用名词，表示“侍者，服务员”。答案waiter9．解析表示，“把手放在肚子上”。答案on10．解析因此，承上启下，表示“总结”。答案So/ThereforePassage3Wealthhasalwaysbeenwhatsomepeoplelongfor.Itistruethatmostofthemtrytoacquirewealthbymeansofhonestlabour.__1__effortscontributetothewelfareofthesocietyandatthesametimetotheaccumulationoftheirwealth，andhencetotheirhappiness.Thereisnodoubtthatwealthbringshappiness，especiallyinthemodemsociety.Variouskindsofup­to­datehouseholdappliances，__2__(late)fashionsandrecreationsmaketheirappearancewitheachpassingday.Allthismakesourlifemorecomfortableandcolourful.Therefore，withoutmoneywecannotturn__3__(admire)intoreality.Butthereareexceptions__4__wealthdoesnotgohandinhandwithhappiness.Wealthmaytemptweak­willedpersonstobeaddicted__5__harmfulhabits，suchasdrug­takingandgambling，andresultintheirownrain.Besides，apersonmaylosehisreasonandgoastray(误入歧途)ifheintendsonlytoseekwealthandindulgeshimselfinleadingaluxuriouslife.Forexample，therearesomegovernmentofficials__6__takeadvantageoftheirpositionstotakebribes(贿赂)from__7__peopleturningtothemforhelp.Allthese__8__(bring)aboutthenegativeeffectofwealthifwedon'ttakeaproperattitudetoit.Inmyopinion，__9__noaccountcanweidentifywealthwithhappiness.Ialsobelievethatoneshouldneverreckononlyonwealth__10__(achieve)happiness.【语篇导读】本文是谈论文，主要论述幸福与财宝的关系，说明幸福与财宝没有多大关系。1．解析指代前文的mostofthem且与后面的efforts构成修饰关系，故填their。答案Their2．解析作定语修饰后面的名词fashions，故填形容词latest(最新的)。答案latest3．解析词类转换，作谓语动词turn的宾语，故填其名词形式。答案admiration4．解析两者之间没有关联词，必定是填关联词；依据两句之间的规律关系应填when。答案when5．解析固定搭配，beaddictedto“沉溺于”。答案to6．解析引导限制性定语从句，先行词为officials，故填who/that。答案who/that7．解析由于people后接turningtothemforhelp，作后置定语，故填the。答案the8．解析位于主语后面且缺谓语，故填willbring。答案willbring9．解析固定搭配，onnoaccount意为“决不”。答案on10．解析从句中已有谓语动词，该空为非谓语动词且作目的状语，故填toachieve。答案toachievePassage4Moneymaynotbuyyouhappiness，buthavingahappychildhoodcanmakeyoulotsofmoney.Astudyhasfoundthatchildren__1__asunnytemperament(性情)goontoearnmoreasadults，eveniftheirparentswerenoteducatedorhighearners.Andwithinthesamefamily，__2__isthehappiestwhotendtoearnthemost.Thestudyexaminedthehappinesslevelsof90,000childrenandyoungadultsintheU．S.，and__3__(compare)thedatatotheirlevelsofincomeasadults.Evenwhen__4__factorsweretakenintoaccount，theeconomists__5__(carry)outthestudyfoundthathappinesslevelswhenyoungclearlydeterminedhigherearningsinlaterlife.Forexample，those__6__lifesatisfactionincreasedbyonepointonascaleofonetofiveattheageof22werelikelytoearn￡1,200more__7__yearbytheageof29.ProfessorAndrewOswaldofWarwickUniversity，thestudy'sco­author，said:“Thisresearchprovidesyetanotherreasonfortheneedtocreatean__8__(emotion)healthyhomeenvironment.”Economistshavelongrecognisedthatthosewithhigherincomestendtobe__9__(happy)，butthisisthefirststudywhichshowstheeconomicbenefitsofbeinghappywhenyoung.Theauthorssaidhappierpeopletendedtobemoreproductive，whichmayexplain__10__theywerepromotedmorequicklythantheirmorepessimisticcolleagues.【语篇导读】争辩表明，钱可能买不了幸福，但幸福的童年能够让你长大后赚更多的钱。1．解析空格后是个名词短语“asunnytemperament”，这个名词短语既不作主语，也不是动词的宾语，那么它的前面就应当是个介词，由它和前面的名词children可知，是指“性情开朗的孩子”，介词短语作定语。答案with2．解析由句式结构可知，此句是强调句型。答案it3．解析连词and连接并列的两个谓语动词examined和compared。答案compared4．解析由上下文可知，幸福欢快的童年是成年后赚钱更多的关键因素，但不是唯一的因素，别的因素也要考虑(takeintoaccount)进去。答案other5．解析句中的谓语动词是found，carry就应是非谓语动词了，它的规律主语是theeconomists，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词carrying，分词短语carryingout作定语修饰theeconomists。答案carrying6．解析此处是定语从句，先行词是those，由于从句中已有主语lifesatisfaction，那么关系代词就不是who，而是作lifesatisfaction的定语的whose。答案whose7．解析此处a有“每一”的意思，...earn￡1,200moreayear，每年多赚1,200英镑。答案a8．解析修饰后面的形容词healthy要用副词形式，然后emotionallyhealthy再修饰后面的名词短语homeenvironment。答案emotionally9．解析由句意可知，经济学家们生疏到收入更高的人往往更幸福，要用比较级。答案happier10．解析由句意可知，更欢快的人更高效，这也就是他们为什么比他们那些更悲观的同事更简洁获得升迁的缘由，why引导一个从句，作谓语动词explain的宾语。答案whyPassage5Somepeoplehaveverygoodmemories，andcaneasilylearnquitelongpoemsbyheart.Thereareotherpeoplewhocanonlyrememberthings__1__(make)theyhavesaidagainandagain.Agoodmemoryis__2__greathelpinlearningalanguage.Everybodylearnshisownlanguage__3__rememberingwhathehearswhenheisasmallchild.Somechildrendon'tliveintheirowncountry;theyseemtolearntwolanguagesalmostaseasilyas__4__.Inschool，itisnotsoeasytolearnaforeignlanguage__5__studentshavesolittletimeforitandtheyarebusywith__6__lessons，too.Aman'smindisrather__7__acamera，butittakesphotosnotonlyofwhatweseebutalsoof__8__wefeel，hear，smellandtaste.Whenwetakearealphotowithacamera，thereismuchtodowhenthephoto__9__(finish)andreadytoshowtoourfriends.Inthesameway，thereismuchwork__10__(do)beforewecankeepapictureforeverinourminds.【语篇导读】人的记忆力各不相同，好的记忆力对学习有很大的挂念。人的头脑与照相机一样，必需把所看到的一切东西记在脑海中并加以处理。1．解析引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语。答案that/which2．解析不定冠词泛指“一个”帮手，前后对应。答案a3．解析表示方式，手段，后面接动词的­ing形式。答案by4．解析表示一种语言，与前面对应，说明学两种语言跟学一种语言一样简洁。答案one5．解析引导缘由状语从句，由于后面讲到同学们在学校里学习语言的时间很少。答案because6．解析不定代词“其他的，别的”，后面接复数名词。答案other7．解析介词“像”，指人的头脑就像照相机一样。答案like8．解析作介词of宾语又引导宾语从句，含有两层成分。答案what9．解析用一般现在时被动语态，因主语是相片，所以用被动。答案isfinished10．解析不定式被动式作定语，修饰work。答案tobedonePassage6(2022·深圳高三其次次模拟考试)Acouplehadbeenmarriedforover60years.Theysharedeverything，talkedabouteverythingandkeptnosecrets__1__eachotherexceptthatthewomanhadaboxinadrawer__2__shehadcautionedherhusbandnevertoopenoraskherabout.He'dneverthoughtaboutiteversince.Oneday__3__womangotverysickandthedoctorsaidshewouldn'trecover.Tosortouttheiraffairs，thehusbandtookdowntheboxand__4__(bring)ittohiswife'sbedside.Sheagreeditwastimethatheshouldknow__5__wasinthebox.__6__(open)it，hefoundtwosmalltablematsandasu