2021深圳市高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练(4)及答案

2021深圳市高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练（4）及答案语法填空。阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。ThereoncelivedaboynamedWooSing,16fatherbroughthomeamirror.WooSinghadneverseenonebefore.Sowhenhesawitforthefirsttime,hedidn’tunderstand17itwas,butthoughthesaw18boy,whichmadehimveryhappy,forhethoughttheboyhadcometoplaywithhim.Hespoketothestrangerinaveryfriendlyway,butreceivednoreply.Helaughedandwavedattheboy,whodidexactly19samething.Thenhethought,“I’llgocloser.Itmaybethathedoesn’thearme”.Butwhenhebegantowalk,theotherboyimitated（仿照）him.WooSingstopped20(think)aboutthesestrangeactions,sayingtohimself,“Thisboyisfoolingme.HedoeseverythingthatIdo;”andthemorehethoughtaboutit,the21(angry)hebecameandsoonhenoticedtheboybecameangrytoo.SoWooSing22(strike)theboyintheglass,butheonlyhurthisownhandandwent23(cry)tohisfather,whosaid,“Theboyyousawwas24image.Thisshouldteachyouanimportantlesson,myson.Youshouldnevershowyourangertoothers.Nowrememberthatinreallifewhenyoustrike25causeyou’llhurtyourselfmostofall.”【参考答案】语法填空：16.whose17.what18.another19.the20.tothink21.angrier22.struck23.crying24.your25.without完形填空Susanwasashybutclevergirl.Shecouldn'tseetoowellandhadwornglassesformanyyears.Someofherclassmatesbeganto__1__atherbigglasses.Lewisstartedcallingher“FourEyes”．Sheactedlikeshedidn'tmind，butinfactSusancouldn't__2__it.Oneday，theclasswenttovisitsomefamouscaves，whenLewisputhisfootinaholeandslipped.While__3__，hegrabbedontoSusan，whowaswalkingnexttohim，andbothfelldowntheholeandlandedinaverybig__4__cave.Allthatcouldbeseenwasasinglerayoflightcomingfromthecaveroof，andsome__5__whichhadfallenthroughthehole.SusanandLewisshoutedforhelp，butnoonecame.Heusedthe__6__lighttolookforawayout.Butafterhoursof__7__，hefoundnothing，andstartedfeeling__8__.Itmusthavebeen__9__，whenSusannoticedthattherayoflightwasdescendingfromtheholeinastraightline，and__10__onthefloorinfrontofher.__11__，shetookapieceof__12__thathadfallenintothecave，and，usingher__13__asamagnifyingglass，she__14__therayoflightontothewooduntilalittle__15__sprangup.Nowtheyhadatorch.Lewiswatchedallthiswithsurpriseand__16__.Hegrabbedsomemorebranches，andofftheywenttogether，to__17__thecave.Ittookthemsometime，andtheyhadto__18__quiteafewtorches，butfinallytheyfoundawayout.Henow__19__havinggivenherthatname，__20__seeingthatitwasherglassesthathadsavedthemboth.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。聪慧而大方的Susan由于戴眼镜而受到同学的赞扬。但在一次班级出游中，赞扬她的同学Lewis和Susan一同掉进了一个漆黑的地窖中，是Susan用自己的眼镜聚集太阳光点燃了洞里的枯树枝两人才得以走出地窖。1．A.shout B．laugh C．point D．glance解析从后一句“Lewisstartedcallingher‘FourEyes’”可知，同学们开头赞扬Susan戴眼镜。laughat“赞扬。”答案B2．A.stand B．understand C．resist D．stop解析依据前句和转折词可知，Susan表面不在乎别人的赞扬，但事实上难以忍受。stand“容忍，忍受”，符合语境。答案A3．A.passing B．walking C．crying D．falling解析Lewis在滑倒的时候抓住了走在他旁边的Susan。由语境可知D项正确。答案D4．A.narrow B．empty C．dark D．cold解析从下句只能看到从洞顶射进来的一束光和后文两人用火把照明可知，山洞里格外黑。答案C5．A.branches B．stones C．leaves D．fruits解析从后文Susan用树枝做火把可知，有些树枝掉到了洞中。答案A6．A.natural B．strong C．artificial D．weak解析从前文可知，只有一缕阳光照进洞中，由此可知光线很微弱。答案D7．A.waiting B．searching C．planning D．talking解析Lewis试图借着光亮查找出去的路，但是经过几个小时的查找，并没有找到出口。答案B8．A.annoyed B．starved C．frightened D．puzzled解析经过几个小时的查找仍未找到出口，他开头感到可怕。答案C9．A.noon B．suppertimeC．earlymorning D．lateafternoon解析阳光直射在洞中，由此推断此时已经是中午了。答案A 10．A.shining B．reflecting C．spreading D．landing解析从时间到了中午这一细节可知，阳光从洞口射入，落在地面上。land“落下，掉下”，符合语境。答案D11．A.Slowly B．Quickly C．Quietly D．Finally解析Susan很快拿起了一块掉在山洞里的木头。故B项正确，其他三项均不符合语境。答案B12．A.rock B．grass C．wood D．paper解析后文有提示，Susan用树枝做成了火把，因此此处指“木头”。答案C13．A.keys B．shoes C．glasses D．knives解析从本文最终一句可知，正是Susan的眼镜救了两人的命，因此此处指她将眼镜用作放大镜来点燃木头。答案C14．A.collected B．focusedC．placed D．poured解析由语境可知，此处指她用眼镜把阳光聚集在木头上。focus“集中(光束于)”，符合语境。答案B15．A.air B．smoke C．light D．flame解析在阳光的照射下，木头点燃了，毁灭了小火苗。答案D16．A.excitement B．shockC．wonder D．pride解析看到眼前发生的一切，Lewis感到既吃惊又兴奋，由于两人可以借助火把找到地窖的出口了。答案A17．A.explode B．enlarge C．explore D．dig解析他又捡了一些树枝，他们一起去探究地窖。答案C18．A.break B．burn C．hold D．make解析两人花费了很长时间，烧掉了好几根火把，但是最终他们找到了出口。答案B19．A.preferred B．rememberedC．enjoyed D．regretted解析Susan的眼镜救了两人的命，因此Lewis懊悔当时给Susan起那个外号。regretdoingsth“懊悔做了某事”。答案D20．A.especially B．actuallyC．carefully D．thoroughly解析尤其是当他看到正是她的眼镜救了两人的命。especially“尤其”，符合语境。答案A阅读下面短文，把握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Astudyhasshowedthatthebrainmakesdecisionsabout10secondsbeforeapersonrealizesit.Expertsinvolvedinthestudysaidthatlookingatbrainactivitywhilemakingadecision,theycouldpredictthechoicesthesubjectswouldmake,beforetheyrealizedthattheyhadmadeadecision.LeadresearcherJohn-DylanHaynes,aneuroscientist(神经学家)attheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanCognitiveandBrainSciencesinLeipzig,saidthatthenewfindingscalledintoquestionsfor“consciousness”ofdecisionsthatpeoplemake,andmightevenchallengeideasastohow“free”peoplearetomakeadecisionataparticularmoment.“Wethinkourdecisionsareconscious,butthesedatashowthatconsciousnessisjustthetipoftheiceberg,”Naturemagazinequoted(引用)himassaying.Thinkingtheresults“quitedramatic”,FrankTongofVanderbiltUniversityinNashville,Duringthestudy,thebrainsof14volunteerswereimagedastheyperformedadecision-makingtask.Thesubjectshadtwobuttonsbeforethem,eachtobeoperatedbyadifferenthand,whichtheycouldpresswhentheyfelttheurgeto.Theyweresimultaneously(同时地)shownastreamofletters,whichappearedonascreenathalf-secondintervals(间隔).Thevolunteershadtorememberwhichletterwasshowingwhentheydecidedtopresstheirbutton.Uponanalysisofthedata,theresearchersrealizedthattheearliestsignaltheycouldcatchstartedsevensecondsbeforethevolunteersreportedhavingmadetheirdecision.Giventhedelayofafewsecondsintheimaging,theyreckoned(估量)thatthebrainactivitycouldhavebegunabouttensecondsbeforetheconsciousdecision.Theresearchersshowedthatthesignalswerepickedupfromaregion(区域)calledthefrontopolarcortex(脑额极皮层),whichislocatedatthefrontofthebrain,immediatelybehindtheforehead.Whilewritingabouttheobservationsmadeduringtheresearchinhisstudyreport,Haynessaidthatthefrontopolarcortexmightbethebrainregionwheredecisionsarestarted.Healsoshowedthatthenextstepintheresearchwouldbetospeedupthedataanalysissoastoenablehisteamtopredictpeople’schoicesastheirbrainswouldmakethem.1.Thepassagetellsusthat______.A.weareawareofourwholeprocessofdecision-makingB.peopledon’tmakedecisionsuntiltheyrealizeitC.expertshavenowaytotellwhatdecisiononewillmakeD.thedecision-makingprocessstartsbeforeitismade2.Theunderlinedword“subjects”inPara.2probablyrefersto______.A.thetopicoftheexperts’researchpaperB.thescientificsubjectsthattheexpertswerestudyingC.thethingsthatexpertsdo