【2021春走向高考】高三英语一轮(人教版)复习练习：必修5-Unit-3

第一部分必修五Unit3Ⅰ.语法单句填空1．(2021·北京改编)________makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.答案：What考查名词性从句。句意：使这本书不同寻常的是作者富有制造性的想象力。what引导主语从句，在句中作主语，符合句意。2．(2011·山东改编)Theyarebroadeningthebridgetospeed________theflowoftraffic.答案：up考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们正在加宽这座大桥以加快交通流量。speedup加速，加快，符合句意。3．It'simpossibleforhertohavemorefreetimetoaccompanyherparentsbecauseherworktake________muchofhertime.答案：up句意：她不行能有更多的空余时间来陪伴她的父母，由于工作占据了她的大部分时间。takeup拿起，占据(时间或空间)。4．(2022·湖北改编)Whatwasso________(impress)aboutJasmineWestland'svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbare­footed.答案：impressive句意：JasmineWestland打动人的地方是她赤脚在马拉松竞赛中得了第一名。impressive打动人的，有感染力的。5．(2021·辽宁改编)Briggswilltake________asgeneralmanagerwhenMitchellretires.答案：over句意：Mitchell退休后，Briggs将会接管当总经理。takeover接管。6．(2010·福建改编)Moreandmorehigh­risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcities__________lackofspace.答案：for句意：由于缺乏空间，在大城市建起了越来越多的高层建筑。forlackof“因缺乏……”。7．Making________goodimpressionontheinterviewersisofvital________(important)．答案：a；importance句意：给面试官留下好的印象是极其重要的。固定搭配leave/makeagoodimpressiononsb.＝leave/makesb.agoodimpression，故第一空应填入a。beofimportance＝beimportant。8．(2022·山东改编)Itisdifficultforustoimagine________lifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.答案：what考查名词性从句。句意：对我们来说，想象奴隶们在古代的生活是什么样子是很难的。空格处引导宾语从句，从句中belike后缺少表语，故用what引导。9．________(leave)athomereadingallday,theboyfeltverylonelyandwishedtogoouttoplaywithhisfriends.答案：Left考查非谓语动词。leave在这里表示“留下”，与主语theboy之间构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作状语。10．WhenIgothome,itflashed________methatIhadforgottentolockthedoor.答案：upon考查固定句型。Itflasheduponsb.that...为常用句型，意为“某人突然想到……”Ⅱ.阅读理解(2022·临沂市3月质检)PeopleinseveralAmericanstatesmaybesurprisedtoseecarsoncitystreetswithoutadriver.ExperimentaldriverlessvehiclesnowarelegalinFlorida,NevadaandCalifornia.Theyarepointingthewaytoafuturethatisnotfardowntheroad.Thehigh­techcompanyGooglehasanumberofself­drivingcars,whichhadcovered480,000kilometersbyAugust.Volvoisamongthecompaniesdoingroadtestsandsaysitplanstoselldriverlesscarsby2022.InSeptember,CaliforniaGovernorJerryBrownsignedanacttoallowautonomousvehiclesontheroadsofhisstate.“Todaywe'relookingatsciencefictionbecomingtomorrow'sreality—thedriverlesscar.”Thetechnologyforthesecarsincludescameras,radarandmotionsensors.ThesystemshavebeenimprovedthroughcompetitionssponsoredbytheU.S.governmentagencyDARPA.EngineerRichardMasonoftheRandCorporationhelpeddesigndriverlessvehiclesforDARPAchallenge“Carshavebecomemuchmorefuel­efficient,andnewelectronicfeaturesaremakingHondassafer，”saidAngieNucciofHondaAmerica.“Acameraonthepassenger­sidemirroractuallyengagedonyourguidingscreensoyoucansafelychangelanes.”Othersafetyfeaturesincludewarningsystemsonthefrontandthesidesofthecars.Thesesystemshelpdrivers,butdon'treplacethem.CuratorLeslieKendallofthePetersenAutomotiveMuseumsaidautonomouscarswillmakethehigh“Bytakingoutdrivers,youalsoremovemostrisksofanaccident，”Kendallsaid.Hesaidconsumers,however,maybeunwillingtolosecontrol.“Itmaytakethemtimetocometorealizethatthetechnologyisindeedreliable,butitwillhavetoproveitselffirst.”Masonsaidthetechnologyalreadyworksandthebiggestchallengenowisgettingdownthecostfordriverlessvehiclesfromhundredsofthousandsofdollarstosomethingmoreaffordable.Hesaidthiswillhappenasthetechnologyisimproved.文章大意：自动汽车原来只是科幻作品中毁灭，现在它即将成为可能。1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraphl?A．DriverlessvehiclesarenowlegalinthewholeUSA.B．Volvowillbethefirsttoselldriverlesscars.C．Driverlesscarsarepointingusafarawayfuture.D．Google'sself­drivingcarshavecoveredalongdistance.答案：D细节理解题。由第一段第四句话“Thehigh­techcompanyGooglehasanumberofself­drivingcars,whichhadcovered480,000kilometersbyAugust.”可知，谷歌公司的自动汽车已经行驶了很长的距离。2.WelearnthatGovernorofCaliforniaJerryBrown________.A．helpeddesignself­drivingcarsB．supportsself­drivingcarsonroadsC．considersself­drivingcarssciencefictionD．improvedtheself­drivingcarsystems答案：B细节理解题。由其次段第一句话“InSeptember,CaliforniaGovernorJerryBrownsignedanacttoallowautonomousvehiclesontheroadsofhisstate.”可知，GovernorJerryBrown支持自动汽车。3.WhatistheroleofthesystemsmentionedinParagraph3?A．Theycanhelppeopledrivemoresafely.B．Theycantaketheplaceofdriversnow.C．Theycanmakecarsrunwithoutfuel.D．Theycanhelpcarsrunmuchfaster.答案：A细节理解题。由第三段内容可知，自动汽车系统更节油、更平安，能挂念驾驶员但是不能代替驾驶员。4.AccordingtoRichardMason,whatisthebiggestchallengefordriverlesscars?A．Theyarenotallowedtorunontheroad.B．Theirtechnicalproblemsremaintobesolved.C．Theyarenowtooexpensiveforconsumers.D．Theyaremoredangerousforpeopleonthestreet.答案：C细节理解题。由最终一段第一句话“Masonsaid...thebiggestchallengenowisgettingdownthecostfordriverlessvehiclesfromhundredsofthousandsofdollarstosomethingmoreaffordable.”可知，价格是其最大的挑战。5．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Thebenefitsoftheself­drivingcars.B．Thebiggestchallengeoftheself­drivingcars.C．Saferormoredangerous—self­drivingcars.D．Self­drivingcars—sciencefictionfutureisnear.答案：D主旨大意题。由文章大意可知。Ⅲ.完形填空(2022·山西省四校联考)IhearalotofpeopletalkingaboutNewYear'sresolutions(新年方案).Somesay,“Ican'tkeepthemandInevermakeresolutions.”Perhapsthereal__1__isthatwehavetroublechanging.Weget__2__inourwayoflifeandevenifthingsaren'tgood，__3__theyarefamiliar.Astheyearsgoby,ourresolutionsseemtolosesome__4__.Inspiteofthefactthatmyowneagernessseemsto__5__，Istillliketheideaofmakingresolutions.Itisthe__6__ofnotgivingupthatisimportant.Ithinkoftheyear__7__likeacarpetofnewfallensnowthathasnotyetbeen__8__byfootprintsormarksofanykind.It__9__beforeussoperfectandbeautiful,butitwon'tremainthatwayforlong.__10__weknowit,wemustgetoutinthesnowandmakeourownmarksandtracks.Soon,wewillseeallkindsof__11__andpathsinthesnow.Wewillseeeverythingfrom__12__，icymudtotheprintsofsnowangelsmadebychildrenatplay.It'sallpartofour__13__.Aswecloseouttheoldyear,anewsetofmonthsliesaheadofusandwethink,“Maybe,justmaybeIcando__14__.”Perhaps,thistime,wecanlosethose__15__pounds,__16__abadhabit,improveourbehavior,__17__buildabetterrelationship.Eventhoughtherearesituationsinourlivesthatcangetus__18__，wecanlookforwardtobeginningagainanddoingwhatwecandoto__19__ourlivesaccordingtohowweareable.AstheNewYearcomesaround,whatkindofmarkswillyoumakeinthe__20__？文章大意：很多人在新年即将到来时会做新年方案，但是在实际生活中又恢复原状，虽然如此，但是我还是宠爱这种不放弃的精神。生活中不如意事常八九，但是面对新的生活我们还是要多一些奇怪的愿望和期盼，这才是乐观的生活态度。1．A.plan B．ideaC．puzzle D．problem答案：D考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。或许真正的问题是我们自己在转变上有问题。A.plan方案；B.idea想法；C.puzzle迷惑；D.problem问题，故选D。2．A.comfortable B．curiousC．serious D．painful答案：A考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。我们对自己的生活方式感到舒适。A.comfortable舒适的；B.curious奇异   的；C.serious严峻的；D.panful苦痛的。故选A。3．A.atmost B．atlastC．atleast D．atfirst答案：C考查短语的辨析和对语境的理解。该句应当理解为：即使不好，但是至少他们是我们所生疏的。A.atmost至多；B.atlast最终；C.atleast至少；D.atfirst首先。故选C。4．A.faith B．enthusiasmC．sense D．confidence答案：B考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。随着岁月消逝，我们对方案好像失去一些热忱。A.faith信念；B.enthusiasm热忱；C.sense感觉；D.confidence信念。依据语境可知选B。5．A.increase B．existC．decline D．disappear答案：C考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。尽管事实上，我自己的渴望好像消减了，但是我还是宠爱做方案的想法。A.increase增加；B.exist存在；C.decline下降；D.disappear消逝，故选C。6．A.spirit B．ruleC．challenge D．decision答案：A考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。常识理解为：其实是不放弃的这种精神很重要。A.spirit精神；B.rule规章；C.challenge挑战；D.decision打算。故选A。7．A.behind B．betweenC．around D．ahead答案：D考查副词的辨析和对语境的理解。我认为即将到来的新年像新地毯一样。A.behind在……之后；B.between在……和……之间；C.around围围着；D.ahead在前面的。后文有aheadof毁灭，故选D。8．A.discovered B．noticedC．damaged D．cleared答案：C考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。新年就像都没有被任何脚印或任何种类的痕迹破坏过的新落的雪铺就的地毯似的。A.discovered发觉；B.noticed留意；C.damaged损坏；D.cleared清除。故选C。9．A.stands B．liesC．comes D．occurs答案：B考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。它在我们面前是如此完善，秀丽，但它不会保持很长时间。A.stands站，位于；B.lies躺，位于；C.comes来；D.occurs发生，故选B。10．A.Although B．BeforeC．Until D．If答案：B考查连词的辨析和对语境的理解。在我们还不知道的时候就必需走进风雪中踏出我们自己的各种痕迹。A.Although虽然；B.Before在……之前；C.Until直到；D.If假如，故选B。11．A.prints B．stonesC．plants D．pictures答案：A考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。结合前面的描述可知：很快，我们将看到雪中有了各种各样的印迹和小路。A.prints印迹；B.stones石头；C.plants植物；D.pictures图片。下一句也有prints毁灭，故选A。12．A.tidy B．softC．dry D．dirty答案：D考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。我们将看到脏的、冰的泥和孩子们玩雪时留下的各种痕迹。A.tidy洁净的；B.soft软的；C.dry干燥的；D.dirty脏的。故选D。13．A.quality B．attitudeC．belief D．wisdom答案：B考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。这就是我们的生活态度。A.quality质量；B.attitude态度；C.belief信念；D.wisdom才智。故选B。14．A.better B．worseC．easier D．harder答案：A考查副词的辨析和对语境的理解。在我们结束了过去的一年，在我们面前的是新的岁月，我们认为，“或许我可以做得更好。”A.better更好；B.worse更糟糕；C.easier更简洁；D.harder更难。人们总是展望奇怪的将来。故选A。15．A.exact B．finalC．extra D．former答案：C考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。依据语境理解可知：或许，这一次我们可以减掉那些多余的体重。A.exact精确     的；B.final最终的；C.extra特殊的；D.former以前的。故选C。16．A.pickout B．calloffC．cutdown D．giveup答案：D考查动词短语的辨析和对语境的理解。……或许可以改掉坏毛病。A.pickout挑出；B.calloff取消；C.cutdown消减；D.giveup放弃。故选D。17．A.and B．orC．so D．for答案：B考查连词的辨析和对语境的理解。前后用逗号隔开是选择关系，所以句意是：……改进我们的行为或者建立更好的人际关系。A.and和；B.or或者；C.so所以；D.for由于。故选B。18．A.over B．acrossC．down D．away答案：C考查副词的辨析和对语境的理解。这里是与get构成短语：getover克服；getacross穿过；getsb.down使某人心情低落；getaway走开。即使生活中有些时候会让我们心情低落，但是我们可以期盼新的开头。故选C。19．A.save B．experienceC．start D．improve答案：D考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。结合前一句可知句意是：我们可以尽我们所能来改善我们的生活。A.save挽救；B.experience体验；C.start开头；D.improve改善。故选D。20．A.snow B．mudC．carpet D．ice答案：A考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。随着新年的即将到来，你又会在雪中做什么样的标记呢？A.snow雪；B.mud泥；C.carpet地毯；D.ice冰，结合前文可知，故选A。Ⅳ.语法填空(2022·东北三省四市其次联考)Thetaskofbeingacceptedinauniversitybeginsearlyforsomestudents.Longbeforetheygraduate__1__highschool,thesestudentstakespecialcoursestoprepareforadvancedstudy.Theymayalsotakeoneormoreexaminationsthattest__2__wellpreparedtheyarefortheuniversity.Inthefinalyearofhighschool,theycomplete__3__(apply)andsendthemtotheuniversities__4__interestthemmost.Somehighschoolstudentsmayberequiredtohave__5__interviewwithpeoplefromtheuniversity.__6__(neat)dressedandalittlebitfrightened,theyaredeterminedtoshowthattheyhaveagoodattitudeandtheabilitytosucceed.Ifthenewstudents__7__(accept),manyuniversitieswillofferaninstructionprogramforthemtogettoknowtheproc