寒假分层作业09 阅读理解专练（单选）（解析版）VIP

PAGEPAGE1限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：作业09阅读理解专练（单选）做阅读理解时，可遵循“四部曲”的原则，即：仔细阅读题干；快速阅读短文；认真逐题作答；复查校对答案。第一步，仔细阅读题干，特别注意问题里的特殊疑问词，是问的哪些疑问词，例如when,what,why,where,how,howoften,howmuch.等第二步，快速阅读短文，带着问题去读文章，即scanning，就是寻读。快速阅读一遍弄清段落大意，对全文有一个整体了解，阅读时从宏观入手，掌握中心大意，注意说明中心大意的主要事实和具体细节，抓住关键词，弄清作者写作意图。如果遇到生词，应先跳过，继续通读全文，也可以通过上下文来推测含义。第三步，认真逐题作答，看完短文后，对整篇短文有了大致的了解，然后马上看后面的问题，带着问题去找答案。如果是客观信息题，可直接在短文中找到出处。如果是推理判断题，则迅速再读全文，仔细分析思考，将近似的答案对照原文反复比较，推敲，并选出最佳答案。第四步，认真校对所选答案，做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否正确，应该遵循“有理有据”的原则。如果有拿不定主意的答案，千万不要随意更改，要尊重“第一印象”，一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正。总之，“冰冻三尺，非一日之寒”，做好阅读理解题要求学生具备扎实的英语的基本功，这些要来自平时严格的基本功训练和长期的知识积累。一、阅读单选Passage1（2023·全国·九年级专题练习）Somedesigners(设计师)aretryingtobuildanewtypeofhouse.Thepicturebelowshowssomeinformationaboutthehouse.1．Accordingtothepassage,theplantsontherooftopcan__________.A．keepthehousecool B．takeinwaterC．makethehousebeautiful D．preventwaterpassingthrough2．Thewatersensors__________canwarnpeopleaboutfloods.A．inthegarden B．inthewallsC．underthefloor D．onthetopoftheroof3．Duringfloods,__________canmakethehouseriselikeaboat.A．thefloorsofthehouse B．theplantsontherooftopC．thebuoyantmaterialsunderthehouse D．thedrainagesystem4．Thedesignersbuildthespecialhouseto__________.A．moveiteasily B．fightagainstsnowstormsC．reusethewaste D．keepsafeduringfloods【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．D【导语】本文主要介绍了一些设计师试图建立一种新的房子，详细地介绍了房子的情况。1．细节理解题。根据“Thereareplantsonthetopoftheroof.Theycan‘drink’lotsofwater”可知，它们能吸收大量的水，故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“Thegardenhaswatersensors.”可知，水传感器在花园里，故选A。3．细节理解题。根据“Therearebuoyantmaterialsunderthehouse.Duringfloods,thehousecanriselikeaboat”可知，房子下面有浮力很强的材料。洪水期间，房子会像船一样上涨，故选C。4．推理判断题。根据房屋的构造可知，各项设施都是预防洪水的作用，由此可知，建造这个特殊的房子是为了在洪水期间保持安全，故选D。Passage2（2023上·陕西西安·九年级统考期中）DoyouknowtheLanternFestival?ItisatraditionalChinesefestival.Whenthousandsoflanternslightupthecityatnight,theChineseLanternFestivaliscoming.ItiscelebratedonthefifteenthdayoftheChineseNewYear.SeveraldaysbeforetheLanternFestival,peoplebegintomakelanterns.Allkindsoflanternsshineintheskyagainstthedarknight.Someofthelanternsaresmall,andothersarereallybig.Somelooklikebeautifulflowersandlovelyanimals.Thelanternsaremadeofdifferentmaterials.Thereareplastic(塑料的)lanterns,silklanterns,andpaperlanterns.Whilemakinglanterns,peopleusuallywriteriddles(谜语)onthem.DuringtheLanternFestival,peoplegooutsidetohavealookatthelanternsandguesstheriddlesonthem.Usually,peoplecangetaprizeaslongastheygivetherightanswer.Peopletogetherwiththeirfamilywalkhappilyinthecrowdedstreets,lookingatmanykindsofamazinglanterns.Whilesomepeopleareenjoyingthebeautifullanterns,othersarewatchingtraditionalChineseliondanceperformances.Peoplepreparedeliciousricedumplingsinthemorningfortheirfamilyandfriendstoenjoyintheevening.Thesweetsmellmakeseveryonehungry.Everythingisveryinterestingandeveryoneisveryhappy.5．WhatdopeopledobeforetheLanternFestival?A．Peoplebegintomakelanterns. B．Peopleguesstheriddles.C．Peopleenjoythebeautifullanterns. D．Peoplehavedeliciousricedumplings.6．Whichkindofthefollowinglanternsisnotmentioned(被提到)inthepassage?A．Plasticlanterns. B．Silklanterns. C．Paperlanterns. D．Glasslanterns.7．Theunderlinedsentenceinthepassageprobablymeansthat________.A．peoplecangetaprizethoughtheygivethewronganswerB．ifpeopleguesstheriddlecorrectly,theycangetaprizeC．peoplecangetaprizeunlesstheysucceedingivingtherightanswerD．peoplecangetaprizebeforetheygivetherightanswer8．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthepassage?A．Health. B．Sports. C．Culture. D．Travel.【答案】5．A6．D7．B8．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的传统节日——元宵节。5．细节理解题。根据“SeveraldaysbeforetheLanternFestival,peoplebegintomakelanterns.”可知在元宵节的前几天人们开始制作灯笼，故选A。6．细节理解题。根据“Thelanternsaremadeofdifferentmaterials.Thereareplasticlanterns,silklanterns,andpaperlanterns.”可知文章中提及塑料灯笼，丝绸灯笼和纸灯笼，故选D。7．词义猜测题。根据“peoplecangetaprizeaslongastheygivetherightanswer”中“aslongas”为“只要”之意可猜测其同义句为条件状语从句，而givetherightanswer“给出正确的答案”与guesstheriddlecorrectly“正确地猜出灯谜”同义，所以选项B“如果人们正确地猜出灯谜，他们能得到一个奖励”符合语境，故选B。8．推理判断题。根据全文可知文章介绍了我国的传统节日，属于我们文化的一部分，故选C。Passage3（2022上·贵州六盘水·九年级统考期末）WumengGrasslandTicket:45yuanforadults,freeforchildren(under12)Openingtime:24hourseverydayBesttourseason:SpringActivities:watchthesunrise,enjoyflowers,ridehorses,flykites…LaochangBambooForestTicket:60yuanforadults,halfforstudentsandteachersOpeningtime:8:00a.m.—18:00p.m.everydayBesttourseason:SummerActivities:drinkspecialtea,enjoythecool,drawpictures,tastelocalsnacks…TuoleAncientGinkgoTicket:30yuanforall(youneedtobooktickettwodaysinadvance)Openingtime:9:00a.m.—17:00p.m.onweekdaysBesttourseason:AutumnActivities:enjoyautumn,takephotos,eatginkgobanquet(银杏宴)…YusheSkiResortTicket:98yuanforadults,50yuanforchildren(9—12)Openingtime:10:00a.m.—17:00p.m.onMonday,FridayandSaturdayBesttourseason:WinterActivities:ski,enjoysnow…9．HowmuchwillyourparentspayiftheywanttovisitWumengGrassland?A．45yuan. B．90yuan. C．33yuan.10．Ifyouwanttotakesomepicturesofbamboo,youcangoto________.A．TuoleAncientGinkgo B．YusheSkiResort C．LaochangBambooForest11．Ifyouwanttoenjoythebeautyoffallandexperienceskiing,youcanvisit________.A．TuoleAncientGinkgoandYusheSkiResortB．LaochangBambooForestandYusheSkiResortC．WumengGrasslandandTuoleAncientGinkgo12．Wherecanyoureadthispassage?A．Inastorybook. B．Inaguidebook. C．Inamagazine.【答案】9．B10．C11．A12．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个旅游景点。9．细节理解题。根据WumengGrassland中的“Ticket:45yuanforadults,freeforchildren(under12)”可知，如果你的父母想去乌蒙草原游玩，他们要付45×2=90元。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据“LaochangBambooForest”可知，如果你想拍一些竹子的照片，你可以去老厂竹林。故选C。11．细节理解题。根据TuoleAncientGinkgo中的“Activities:enjoyautumn…”和YusheSkiResort中的“Activities:ski,enjoysnow…”可知，如果你想欣赏秋天的美景，体验滑雪，你可以去托勒古银杏和玉社滑雪场。故选A。12．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了四个旅游景点，所以推测可能在旅游指南上看到这篇文章，故选B。Passage4（2023上·辽宁沈阳·九年级统考期末）①Asmileshowsthatapersonishappy.Forexample,apersonmaysmilewhenheispleasedwithagradeonatest.OrapersonmightsmileifafriendtoldafunnyjokePeoplesmileformanydifferentreasons.Butsmilesaremorethanjustawayforpeopletoshowthattheyarehappy.Thereareothergoodreasonstosmileoften.②First,itiseasiertosmilethantoshowunhappiness.Infact,itonlytakes17muscles(肌肉)tosmile.Butittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.Sogivethemusclesinyourfacearestandsmile!③Second,smilesarenice.Peoplemaytrytolookniceontheoutsidebyexercisingorwearingniceclothes.However,thereisafamoussaying:asmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear.Thatisbecauseitiseasytobearoundsomeonewhoissmilingandhappy.Almostnoonewantstobearoundsomeonewhoisunhappyallthetime.④Third,smilesarehelpful.Bothsmilingandlaughingcanquicklyspreadfromonepersontoanother.Ifonepersonsmiles,peoplearoundhimwanttosmile,too.Similarly,whenapersonlaughs,peopletend(倾向)tolaughwithhim.Ifapersonissad,thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileorlaugh.Itistheeasiestandcheapestwaytocheersomeoneup.Usuallynobodywouldliketoturndowntheinvitationwhichisofferedbyapersonwithasmile.⑤Finally,smilingandlaughingareverygoodforthebody.Evenifyouaremadorsad.trysmiling.You’llfindthatitwillbehardtostaymadorsadforverylong13．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“turndown”meanmostpossibly?A．Accept. B．Receive. C．Refuse. D．Share.14．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Smilinghasnothingtodowithhealth.B．Smilinghelpspeoplegetoverunhappyfeelings.C．Thebestwaytocomfortsomeoneistoshareyourownstory.D．Peoplewhowearsmileslookmorepolitethanthosewhodon’t.15．Howisthetextorganized?(①=Paragraph1,②=Paragraph2,.)A． B．C． D．16．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A．Thepowerofsmiling. B．Theimportanceofhappiness.C．Differentwaysofsmiling. D．Waysofmakingpeoplehappy.【答案】13．C14．B15．D16．A【导语】本文主要讲述了微笑不仅仅是人们表示快乐的一种方式，人们微笑有许多不同的好处。13．词义猜测题。根据“Third,smilesarehelpful.”可知，本段说的是微笑是有帮助的，所以推断没有人愿意拒绝一个面带微笑的人的邀请。划线部分表示“拒绝”，与refuse同义。故选C。14．推理判断题。根据“Ifapersonissad,thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileorlaugh.Itistheeasiestandcheapestwaytocheersomeoneup.”可知，微笑可以帮助人们克服不愉快的感觉。故选B。15．篇章结构题。本文第一段是总述人们微笑有许多不同的原因，第二、三、四、五段分别介绍了一种原因，所以全篇文章是总——分结构。故选D。16．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了微笑不仅仅是人们表示快乐的一种方式，人们微笑有许多不同的好处，体现了微笑的力量，A项“微笑的力量”最适合做标题。故选A。Passage5（2022上·山东淄博·九年级统考期末）Peopleoftenuseshoppingcarts(购物车)whenshoppinginthesupermarketnow.Buthaveyoueverthoughtaboutwhenandhowtheywereinvented?Intheearly20thcentury,moreandmorepeopleownedcarsandfridges.Theywantedtobuylotsoffoodatatime,buttherewerenowaystocarryeverythingtheywantwhilewalkingaroundthesupermarket.ItwasSylvanGoldmanwhodesignedthefirstshoppingcartin1937.However,thecartwasnotacceptedbyeveryone.Menrefusedtouseitastheythoughttheycouldeasilycarryashoppingbasket.Womenusuallypushedababycarriage(婴儿车)sotheycouldn’tpushashoppingcartatthesametime.Itwasonlytheolderpeoplewhouseditinthebeginning.Goldmantooksomemeasurestosolvetheproblems.Heranadsthatshowedatired-lookingwomanwithashoppingbasketfullofgoods.Theadread,“Nomoreofthis.”Healsoaskedgood-lookingmenandwomento“shop”withshoppingcarts.Heevenpaidamantostandatthedoortogreetcustomersandofferthemacart.Iftheyrefused,hewouldnotethateveryoneelsewasusingacart,pointingtothe“modelshoppers”.Bythe1940s,shoppingcartsbecamepopular.Thoughthecartswerewidelyused,theywerenotperfect.LateranotherinventorOrlaE.Watsonimprovedtheshoppingcart,makingthemlookliketheshoppingcartweusetoday.17．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．People’sshoppinghabitsintheearly20thcentury.B．Thereasonwhyshoppingcartswereinvented.C．Therapiddevelopmentofsociety.D．ThedifficultiesGoldmanmet.18．Whydidmenrefusetouseashoppingcartinthebeginning?A．Theythoughttheywerestrongenoughtocarryashoppingbasket.B．Thecartwastoosmalltoholdthethingstheybought.C．Theyhadtopushababycarriagewhentheyshopped.D．Thecartwasdifficulttopush.19．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toshowtheimportanceoftheshoppingcart.B．Toencouragepeopletoinventmoreeverydaythings.C．Totellustheinventionanddevelopmentoftheshoppingcart.D．Toexplainwhypeopledidn’tuseshoppingcartsinthebeginning.20．Whichofthefollowingproverbs(谚语)areshowninthepassage?①Agoodbeginningishalfdone.②Romewasnotbuiltinoneday.③Nomancandotwothingsatonce④Needisthemotherofinvention.A．①② B．②④ C．③④ D．①④【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．B【导语】本文主要介绍了购物车是如何发明的及其发展。17．段落大意题。根据“moreandmorepeopleownedcarsandfridges.Theywantedtobuylotsoffoodatatime,buttherewerenowaystocarryeverythingtheywantwhilewalkingaroundthesupermarket.”可知，人们想一次性买很多食物但是却没办法在超市逛的时候拿所有东西，所以本段主要介绍了发明购物车的原因，故选B。18．细节理解题。根据“Menrefusedtouseitastheythoughttheycouldeasilycarryashoppingbasket.”可知，男人们拒绝使用它，因为他们认为自己可以轻松拎着购物篮，故选A。19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了购物车是如何发明的及其发展。故选C。20．推理判断题。根据“Theywantedtobuylotsoffoodatatime,buttherewerenowaystocarryeverythingtheywantwhilewalkingaroundthesupermarket.”可知，因为人们的需要所以才发明了手推车，说明“需要是发明之母”，即④；根据手推车发明初期，人们拒绝使用到后来采取各种措施使人们接受并使用直到流行起来，以及手推车从发明初期到最后被改良成我们今天使用的购物车，可知，其验证了“罗马不是一天建成的”这一谚语，故选B。Passage6（2023上·浙江衢州·九年级衢州市实验学校教育集团（衢州学院附属学校教育集团）校考期中）①WelcometotheChinaAviation(航空)Museum!LocatedatthefootofDatangMountaininChangpingDistrictofBeijing,itisAsia’slargestmuseumofairplanerelics(遗迹).It’smyfavoritemuseuminthewholeworld.Ifyouspendonedayvisitinghere,youcanjoininmanyinterestingactivitiesandenjoyyourselves.TheChinaAviationMuseumincludesthreelargeexhibitionareas:Cavern(洞穴)ExhibitionHall,Open-airExhibitionArea,andOfficeHall.②WhenyouwalkintotheChinaAviationMuseum,thefirstthingyouwillseeisthemarkwhichisupto9metershigh.TheCavernExhibitionHallisinthesouthofthemark.Inthishall,youcangetagoodknowledgeoftheworld’sgreataviationtreasuresfromancienttomodernairplanes.Theseexhibitsareplacedontwosidesintimeorder.TherightsidenotonlyexhibitsairplaneswhicharefamousinChineseAviationhistory,andtheleftsideisalotofmodernairplanesproducedbyChina.③Asyouwalktothenorthfromthesign,youcannotmisstheOpen-airExhibitionArea.TheHeroStreetrunsthroughitanddividestheareaintotwoparts.Thereisaman-madelakeontheleftoftheHeroStreet.Onthesouthernsideofthelake,thereareplanesspeciallyforgreatpeople.TherightsideoftheHeroStreetistheModelHall,whichexhibitsfighterplanes,radar(雷达),andhelicopters(直升机).④AllthewaydowntotheHeroStreetliestheOfficeHall.Inthishall,thereare28realairplanes,over550modelsofvariousairplanes,over20,000books,morethan1850picturesandphotosaswellas1,021giftsoffriendshipfromothercountries.OnthewestsideoftheOfficeHalllaysaCSfieldcamp.Youcanhaveafantasticexperiencehere.⑤TheChinaAviationMuseumiswonderfulforpeopleofallages.Youcanfindsomethingspecialandhavefunthere.Itisopenfrom9amto5pm.Soifyouwanttolearnaboutthespace,don’tforgettovisittheChinaAviationMuseum.Wearewaitingforyourcoming!21．Wherecanthevisitorslearnaboutthedevelopmenthistoryoftheaviation?A．TheHeroStreet. B．OfficeHall.C．Open-airExhibitionArea. D．CavernExhibitionHall.22．Accordingtothepassage,whichisthemapoftheChinaSpaceMuseum?A． B．C． D．23．Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．TotelltherulesinChinaAviationMuseum.B．TogivefactsabouttheChinaAviationMuseum.C．ToattractpeopletovisitChinaAviationMuseum.D．TosharehisexperienceinChinaAviationMuseum.24．Whatisthestructure(结构)ofthepassage?A． B．C． D．【答案】21．D22．A23．C24．C【导语】本文介绍了中国航空博物馆。21．细节理解题。根据“TheCavernExhibitionHallisinthesouthofthesign.Inthishall,youcangetagoodknowledgeoftheworld’sgreataviationtreasuresfromancienttomodernairplanes.”可知，游客在洞穴展厅可以了解航空业的发展历史。故选D。22．推理判断题。根据“TheCavernExhibitionHallisinthesouthofthemark...”及“TheHeroStreetrunsthroughitanddividestheareaintotwoparts.Thereisaman-madelakeontheleftoftheHeroStreet.”可知，洞穴展览馆在标志的南面，英雄大街贯穿其中，将该地区分为两部分，英雄大道的左边有一个人工湖，选项A的图片是中国航空博物馆的地图。故选A。23．推理判断题。根据“WelcometotheChinaAviation(航空)Museum!”及“Soifyouwanttolearnaboutthespace,don’tforgettovisittheChinaAviationMuseum.Wearewaitingforyourcoming!”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了吸引人们来参观博物馆。故选C。24．篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段总体介绍中国航空博物馆，第二段到第四段具体讲博物馆内展区及展品，第五段总结，欢迎游客来参观，所以结构为“总分总”，C项符合题意。故选C。Passage7（2022上·江苏南京·九年级统考期末）Peopleareseenwalkingtheirdogsalmosteveryday.However,it’snowvogueinChineseuniversitiestowalk“dogs”madeofcardboard.Videosof“cardboarddogs”aregoingviralorChinesesocialmedialately,makingthesecreativelymade“animals”extremelypopular.Walkingthe“cardboarddogs”hasevenbecomeafunwayofsocializingforuniversitystudents,whichismoreimportantforagenerationgrowingupincreasinglyonlineandlackingregularopportunitiesforface-to-facecommunication.Whenwalking“cardboarddogs”oncampus,studentscantalkjoyfullywitheachother,eventhoughmanyhavenevermetbefore.Somepeoplethink“walkingcardboarddogs”ischildish,butLiJing,adogloverfromNortheastNormalUniversityinnortheastChina’sJilinProvince,saidthatwhatotherssayisnotthatimportant.ForLi,whatmattersmostistobehappy.Shealwayswantedtokeepadoginherdormitoryandmakingacardboardoneisaperfectsubstitute.FanXinran,anotherstudentfromtheuniversitysaidthatmaking“cardboarddogs”hasbelpedherrelievepressureandhasgivenhermoreopportunitiestocommunicatewithothers.“Associalanimalspeopleneedface-to-facecommunication,especiallywheninterpersonalexchangesaremoreandmoreonlinenowadays.”saidQuHongmei,deputydeanoftheSchoolofPhilosophyandSociologyinJilinUniversity.“Thecardboarddogtrendmayafterallbeagreatopportunityforuniversitystudentstogooutdoorsandcommunicatemorewitheachother,”Quadded.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vogue”mean?A．popular B．attractive C．unusual D．strange26．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Walkingthecardboarddogshelppeopletalkmoreonline.B．Walkingthecardboarddogsisanactivityheldbyschools.C．Alotofpeopleincludingchildrenliketowalkthecardboarddogs.D．Walkingthecardboarddogscanincreasechancestocommunicate.27．Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A．LiJingkeepsadoginherdormitory.B．Wecanbuycardboarddogsonthemarket.C．Manystudentsareseentotalkabouttheircreativelymadedogsintheplayground.D．Thisgenerationneedsonlinecommunicationinsteadofface-to-facecommunication.28．Walkingthecardboarddogscanhelppeople________.①relievepressure②learnhowtokeepdogs③gooutsidemoreoften④communicatemore

⑤getmorechancestomakefriendsA．②③④⑤ B．①②③⑤ C．①③④⑤ D．①②③④【答案】25．A26．D27．C28．C【导语】本文主要讲的是遛纸板狗在大学流行，学生们通过这个有趣的活动得到的好处。25．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Videosof‘cardboarddogs’aregoingviralorChinesesocialmedialately,makingthesecreativelymade‘animals’extremelypopular.”可知，在中国大学里遛纸板狗的视频使得“纸板宠物”非常流行，由此可推知划线词“vogue”的意思与“popular”相近。故选A。26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Walkingthe‘cardboarddogs’hasevenbecomeafunwayofsocializingforuniversitystudents”以及第四段中“Whenwalking‘cardboarddogs’oncampus,studentscantalkjoyfullywitheachother,eventhoughmanyhavenevermetbefore.”可知，即使从没见过面的学生也能通过这一有趣的社会方式愉快地交谈，因此遛纸板狗可以增加交流的机会。故选D。27．推理判断题。根据“Thecardboarddogtrendmayafterallbeagreatopportunityforuniversitystudentstogooutdoorsandcommunicatemorewitheachother”可知，许多学生会在操场这些户外场所谈论他们所制作的充满创意的纸板宠物狗。故选C。28．细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是遛纸板狗在大学流行，学生们通过这个有趣的活动可以减轻压力，更频繁地到户外，增加面对面的交流，有更多交友机会。故选C。Passage8（2023上·重庆沙坪坝·九年级重庆一中校考期中）OnOctober16th,apieceofnewsattractedaheateddiscussionontheInternet.Anuntiedbigblackdogsuddenlybit(咬)a2-year-oldgirlinChengdu.Althoughthemotherandabravewomancleanertriedsohardtoprotectthelittlegirl,itstillcausedseriousinjury(伤害)onthatpoorgirl.Actually,onemanguardwasnearbybutdidn’tgiveahandonthatday.Afterithappened,someanimalexpertssaidthatdogownerssh