2022高考英语完形类和阅读类训练(2)及答案

完形填空。完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Therewasaveryspecialteacherwhomadeafar-reachingdifferenceinmylife.Fall,1959,thefirstdayofclassatBethesdaChevyChaseHighSchoolwasabouttobegin.“Who”,Iaskedasenior,“isMrs.McNamara,my10thgradeEnglishteacher?”Hejust1andsaidsomethingaboutmybeingin2.Soon,Iunderstoodwhathemeant.Mrs.McNamarahadapatternof3thatsherepeatedagainandagain.Wewouldhavealiteraturereadingtaskfor4.Thenextday,whenwecametoclass,therewouldbetwoorthreetopicsontheblackboard5tothehomeworkreading.Wewere6towriteanin-classessayaboutoneofthetopics.Thefollowingday,shewould7thecorrectedandgradedessaysandeachpersonwouldbecalled8tostandinfrontoftheclassandto9his/heressay.Theclasswererequiredtocriticize（评论）thatessay,1ThefirsttimethatI11herread-write-criticizemethod,Ihadnot12todothehomeworkandhadwrittensomethingwithoutknowingwhatitmeant.13theextremeembarrassmentIsuffered,standingbeforemyclassmates,14myself.Noonelaughedatme;noonewouldbe15enough,orfoolishenough,todothatinMrs.McNamara’sclass.Theembarrassmentcamefrom16andalongwithitcameastrong17nottoletithappenagain.Mrs.McNamarakeptallofourwrittenworkinfiles;itwaseasytoseethe18inwritingthathadoccurred.Whatwasnotsoeasytoseewastheinnertransformationthathadtakenplace,atleastforme.WhatMrs.McNamara19metodowastoseemyselfasothersseemeand,havingdonethat,Icouldimprovemyself.AndI20.Thankyou,Mrs.McNamara.()1.A.nodded B.laughed C.apologized D.shouted【答案】B()2.A.trouble B.sorrow C.danger D.anger【答案】A．()3.A.behaviour B.evaluation C.activity D.thought【答案】C．()4.A.review B.performance C.practice D.homework【答案】D．()5.A.added B.relatedC.contributed D.compared【答案】B．()6.A.expected B.persuaded C.allowed D.advised【答案】A．()7.A.collect B.return C.send D.receive【答案】B.()8.A.onpurpose B.atfirst C.bychance D.inturn【答案】D．()9.A.talkthrough B.handoverC.readout D.showoff【答案】C．()10.A.so B.and C.but D.or【答案】D．()11.A.tried B.adopted C.examined D.experienced【答案】D．()12.A.undertaken B.attempted C.bothered D.hesitated【答案】C．()13.A.Remember B.Predict C.Bear D.Imagine【答案】D．()4.A.playingjokeson B.makingafoolof C.settingatrapfor D.takingadvantageof【答案】B．()15.A.braveB.careless C.proudD.selfish【答案】A．()16.A.above B.within C.behind D.below【答案】B．()17.A.tendency B.preference C.determination D.sense【答案】C．()18.A.improvementsB.pains C.difficulties D.advantages【答案】A．()19.A.trusted B.invited C.forced D.permitted【答案】C．()20.A.did B.could C.had D.would【答案】A．1.【解析】考查动词。依据下文可知同学知道作者会陷入麻烦，因此在这里只是笑了笑，并不作答，有幸灾乐祸之意，故选择laughed。nodded点头，apologized赔礼，shouted叫喊。2.【解析】考查名词。从下文看作者因对老师的教法和布置的作业不认真对待，因此会陷入麻烦，故选择trouble，与in搭配也很协调。sorrow哀痛，danger危急，anger生气。3.【解析】考查名词。此处是指Mrs.McNamara有一种特殊的课堂方法或者是组织的一种课堂活动，选项中只有activity与含义相符，behaviour是指言行举止，evaluation评估，thought思想。4.【解析】考查名词。依据35空后面的tothehomeworkreading可推出此处也是homework。不应是面试、表演或实践。5.【解析】考查动词。这里是指老师在黑板上写上与家庭作业有关的一些话题，应选择related“相关”。added增加，contributed奉献，compared比较。6.【解析】考查动词。此处含义是老师要求我们写一篇课内文章，beexpectedtodo也是一个搭配，表示“被期望做某事”。persuaded劝服，allowed允许，advised奉劝。7.【解析】考查动词。作业做完了确定要交给老师批阅，然后老师其次天退还给我们，此处选择return。collect收集，send发送，receive接收。8.【解析】考查介词短语。这里是指同学们轮番站在讲台前向全班同学读出自己作品，故选择inturn。onpurpose有意地，atfirst首先，bychance偶然。9.【解析】考查动词短语。依据上下文可知此处是指先读出作品，然后由其他同学点评。选择readout“朗读出”。talkthrough电话接通（开头讲话）、通话完毕，handover交出，移交；showoff炫耀，显示。10.【解析】考查连词。依据上下文可知若不能依据要求朗读而后每人评价，每个人的成果就会减分，选择or“不然的话”符合规律。so表因果，and表并列，but表转折。11.【解析】考查动词。这里是指第一次经受老师的教学方法，应选择experienced。tried尝试，adopted吸取，收养，examined检查。12.【解析】考查动词。bothertodosth是一个常见结构，表示“不嫌麻烦做某事”，此处因是否定句，意思可理解成“懒得做……”。undertaken担当,承揽；attempted企图，hesitated迟疑。13.【解析】考查动词。此处含义是“试想我所患病的极度的尴尬……”，选择Imagine表示“想像”，Remember记住，Predict猜想，Bear忍受。14.【解析】考查动词短语。makeafoolof有“出洋相”之意，符合文意。playjokeson愚弄，戏弄，setatrapfor为……设下圈套，takeadvantageof利用。15.【解析】考查形容词。依据上文可知这是一项很严格的活动，因此没有哪个同学敢在Mrs.McNamara课堂上赞扬起哄别人的。应选择brave。careless，proud和selfish都不合句意。16.【解析】考查介词。此处是指尴尬来自自身，选择within与from一起表示来自自身（内部）。其它介词都与文意不符。17.【解析】考查名词。依据下文…nottoletithappenagain可知此处表示决心不让此事再次发生，选择determination表示“决心”，tendency倾向，preference偏爱，sense意识，意义。18.【解析】考查名词。依据这种方法，同学们可以清楚看到自己在写作上所取得的进步，选择improvements表示“进展，进步”，pains苦痛，difficulties困难，难处，advantages优点，用途。19.【解析】考查动词。依据上文所述，这种方法是带有强制性的，即强迫同学们读评。应选择forced。trusted信任，invited邀请，permitted允许。20.【解析】考查助动词。此处考查动词do/did/does代替另一动词的用法。依据上文Icouldimprovemyself可知应使用did代替improved，即“我的确进展了自我”，不能选择could，因此处强调的是动词improve本身而并非是“能”。语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】W：Whereareyougoingtospendyourholidaythisyear,Bob?M：Wemaygoabroad，__1__I'mnotsosure.W：Whatdoyoumean?M：Well,mywife'stalkingaboutEgyptrecently.Shemaywanttogothere.I'dliketogothere，__2__.W：Yes,it'saninterestingcountry__3__(see)．M:Butwecan'tmakeup__4__mindsyet.Youknow,around­triptickettoEgyptcostsalot.W：Butyoumaygobysea.M：You'reright.It's__5__(cheap),isn'tit?W：Youmaysaveatleasthalfofthemoneyifyougobyship.M：Butdon'tyouthinkitwouldtake__6__longtimeand…W：Butyoucanenjoythesceneoftheseaandthe__7__(rise)sun.M：Yes,I'lltellmywife.W：You'lldefinitelyenjoy__8__，I'msure.M：Don'tbesosure.Wemaynotgo__9__.W：Youalwayshesitateateverything.M：It'snotmyfault,youknow.Mywifealwaysworriestoomuch.W：Likewhat?M：Well...Whoisgoingtolookafterthehouse?Whoisgoingtolookafterthegarden?Andwhoisgoingtolookafterthepets?Wehavethese__10__(problem)everyyear.Andintheendwestayathomeandlookaftereverything.1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1.but2.too3.toblems语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】Ms.Marywasovereighty,butshestilldroveheroldcarlikehalfherage.Sheloveddrivingveryfast,andboastedofthefact__1__shehadnever,inherthirty­fiveyearsofdriving,beenpunished__2__adrivingmistake.Thenoneday,shenearlylostherrecord.Apolicecarfollowedher,andthepolicemeninitsawherpassaredlightwithout__3__(stop)．WhenMs.Marycamebeforethejudge,helookedatherseverelyandsaidthatshewastoooldtodriveacar,andthatthereason__4__shehadnotstoppedatredlightwasmostprobablythathereyeshadbecomeweak__5__oldage,sothatshehadsimplynotseenit.Whenthejudgehadfinished__6__hewassaying,Ms.Maryopenedthebighandbagshewascarryingandtookouthersewing.Withoutsayingaword,she__7__(choose)aneedlewithaverysmalleye,andthreadeditatthefirsttime.Whenshehad__8__(success)donethis,shetookthethreadoutoftheneedleagainandhandedboththeneedleandthreadtothejudge,saying,“Nowitisyourturn.Isupposeyoucandriveacarwell,andyouhavenodoubts__9__youreyesight.”Thejudgetooktheneedleandtriedtothreadit.Afterhalfadozentimes,hehadstillnotsucceeded.ThecaseagainstMs.Mary__10__(dismiss),andherrecordremainedunbroken.1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1.that2.for3.stopping4.why5.with6.what7.chose8.successfully9.about10.wasdismissed阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。GETYOURDEGREEATHOME!HaveyoueverwonderedwhataDegreemightbeworthtoyouinyourjoborcareer(事业)?ItmeansalotofAmericanswithanAssociateDegreeaveragenearly$10,000moreinyearlyearningsthanthosewithjustaHighSchoolDiploma(毕业证).HarcourtLearningDirectoffersyouawaytogetaSpecializedAssociateDegreein11oftoday’sgrowingfields-withouthavingtogotocollegefulltime.WithHarcourt,youstudyathome,inyoursparetime-soyoudon’thavetogiveupyourpresentjobwhileyoutrainforabetterone.ChoosefromexcitingmajorslikeBusinessManagement,Accounting,Dressmaking＆Design,Bookkeeping,Photography,ComputerScience,Engineering,andmore!Yourtrainingincludeseverythingyouneed!Books,lessons,learningaids-evenprofessional-qualitytoolsandequipment-everythingyouneedtomasteryourtrainingandmoreaheadtoanewcareerisincludedinthelowtuition(学费)priceyoupay.Youreducationisnationallyrecognized!Nearly2,000Americancompanies-includingGeneralElectric,IBM,Mobile,GeneralMotors,Ford,andmanyothers-haveusedourtrainingfortheiremployees.Ifcompaniesliketheserecognizethevalueofourtraining,youcanbesurethatemployeesinyourareawill,too!Earnyourdegreeinaslittleastwoyears!Getacareerdiplomainjustsixmonths!Thecareerofyourdreamsiscloserthanyouthink!Evenifyouhavenoexperiencebefore,youcangetvaluablejobskillsintoday’shottestfields!Step-by-steplessonsmakelearningeasy.Prepareforpromotions(提升),payraises,evenstartabusinessofyourown!SendtodayforFREEinformationaboutHarcourtathometraining!Simplyfillinyournameandaddressonthecoupon(票券)above.Thenwriteinthenameandnumberoftheoneprogramyou’remostinterestedin,andmailittoday.We’llrushyourfreeinformationabouthowyoucantakeadvantageoftheopportunities(机会)inthefieldyou’vechosen.Acttoday!Mailcoupontoday!Orcallthenumberbelow1-800-372-1589.Callanytime,24hoursaday,7daysaweek.www.Harcourt-learning.comE-mail：Harcourt＠learning.com.1.Thisadvertisementaimsatcallingonpeopleto________.A.attendfull-timeuniversitiesB.workparttimetofurthertheireducationC.improvetheireducationathometogetbetterjobsD.earntheirdegreesindifferentwaysthatsuitthem2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTclearlymentionedinthisadvertisement?A.Thewayhowyouwillgetyourdegree.B.Tuitionprice.C.Thehotfieldsyouwillbepreparingyourselffor.D.Thelengthoftimeitwilltakeyoutogetadegree.3.WhatdoesthewriterofthisadintendtosaybynamingGeneralElectric,IBM,Ford,etc.?A.Toshowthattheirtrainingiswidelyusedinthecountry.B.ToshowthatthetrainingprogramisfullysupportedbyfamouscompaniesintheU.S.C.Toprovethevalueoftheirtrainingineveryarea.D.Toshowtheimportanceofgettingrecognizedbythemostfamouscompanies.4.Itseemstothewriterthatthegreatestattractionforpeopletotaketheirtrainingis______.A.itsconvenienceB.thedegree’snation-widerecognitionC.theeconomicbenefit(利益)itwillbringaboutD.thehotfieldsthetrainingwillhelppeopletoenter5.HowmanywaysarementionedintheadforpeopletogetintouchwiththeHarcourtLearningDirect?A.One.

B.Two.

C.Three.

D.Four.文章是一则业余培训班的招生广告。1.C。推理推断题。依据WithHarcourt,youstudyathome,inyoursparetimesoyoudon’thavetogiveupyourpresentjobwhileyoutrainforabetterone(你可以在家，业余时间接受培训…)可知答案选C。2.B。事实细节题。文章中提到…inthelowtuitionpriceyoupay，但没说具体多少学费，故答案选B。3.C。推理推断题。从Youreducationisnationallyrecognized和Ifcompaniesliketheserecognizethevalueofourtraining,youcanbesurethatemployeesinyourareawill,too!可知答案C正确。4.C。推理推断题。从Prepareforpromotions,payraises,evenstartabusinessofyourown可推知答案C正确。5.D。事实细节题。文章共提到四种联系方式：(1)sendingtodayforFREEinformation(2)fillthecoupon(3)mailcoupon(4)call，即答案选D。阅读理解。Theliteralmeaningofphilosophyis“loveofwisdom”.Butthismeaningdoesnottellusverymuch.Unliketheotherdisciplines（学科）,philosophycannotbedefinedbywhatyoustudy,becauseitisactuallyunlimited.Anythingcanbethesubjectmatterofphilosophy:are,history,law,language,literature,mathematics,andinfact,theotheracademicdisciplinesaredirectlyrelatedtophilosophy.ForthisreasonyougetaDoctorate（博士学位）ofPhilosophy(Ph.D.)inbiochemistry,orcomputerscience,orpsychology.Twobroadsub-fieldsofphilosophyarelogicandthehistoryofphilosophy.Logicisthescienceofargumentandcriticalthinking.Itprovidessoundmethodsfordistinguishinggoodfrombadreasoning.Thehistoryofphilosophyinvolvesthestudyofmajorphilosophersandperiodinthedevelopmentofphilosophy.Ofwhatuseisphilosophy?Firstitisusefulineducationaladvancement.Itisnecessaryforunderstandingotherdisciplines.Onlyphilosophyquestionsthenatureoftheconceptsusedinadiscipline,anditsrelationtootherdiscoveries.Andthroughthestudyofphilosophy,onedevelopssoundmethodsofresearchandanalysisthatcanbeappliedtoanyfield.Thereareanumberofgeneralusesofphilosophy.Itstrengthensone’sabilitytosolveproblems,tocommunicate,toorganizeideasandissues,topersuade,andtotakewhatisthemostimportantformalargequantityofdata.Thesegeneralusesareofgreatbenefitinthecareerfield,notnecessarilyobtainingone’sfirstjobaftergraduation,butforpreparingforpositionofresponsibility,managementandleadershiplateron.Itisveryshortsightedafterall,totakeacourseofstudiesonlyforthepurposeofgettingone’sfirstjob.Theusefulskillsdevelopedthroughthestudyofphilosophyhavesignificantlong-termbenefitsincareeradvancement.Nootherdisciplinesystematicallyfollowstheidealsofwisdom,leadership,andcapacitytoresolvehumanconflict.1.AccordingtoParagraph1.Philosophycanbestbedescribedasthestudyof.A.socialsciencesB.naturalsciencesC.bothsocialandnaturalsciencesD.thesubjectmatterofpolitics2.Withthestudyofphilosophy,youcan.A.becomeagreatleaderB.succeedineverythingC.findagoodjobsoonaftergraduationD.makeprogressinyourcareerdevelopment3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollwingstatementsisTRUE?A.Ph