2024北京通州区高二（上）期末英语试题和答案

试题PAGE1试题2024北京通州高二（上）期末英语本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Afewweeksago,Ireceivedapackagecontainingseedsfrommyfriend.WhenIaskedherwhattheywould___1___into,asmilecrossedherface.“Justplantthemandbepatient.You’llseeforyourself___2___!”shesaid.Isowedtheseedsinaflowerpot.Inthefirstfewdays,Iwasveryexcitedtosearchfortheslightestsigns,but___3___happened.Withheavyloadsofhomework,Ibegantofeelsadand___4___.HowmuchIlongedforthecolorinmyfast-pacedlife.Iwateredtheplantsindryperiods.Ontheeighthday,tomygreat___5___,afewlightgreensprouts(新芽)appeared.Bendingdownandstudyingtheplants,Icouldalmosthearthemgrowing.Moredayspassed,andtheflowerpotsoonbecame___6___withcoriander(香菜)plants.Nowtheyaretallerthantheedgeofthepot,constantlyshakingtheirleavesinthegentlewind,asiftheyweremerrilysingingasongof___7___.Iamcertainthatafterafewmoredays,myplantswillbereadyfor___8___.Theseplantshaveplayedanimportantpartin___9___upmyeverydaylife.Theymaynotbeamaindishonourtable,butusingsomewillsurelymakeourdishesdelicious.Letusallslowourpacedownandbepatient.Solongaswetakestepstosetourheartsfree,timeandpatiencewill____10____uswiththepurepleasureofbeingaliveinthislovelyworld.1.A.grow B.run C.look D.break2.A.immediately B.finally C.quickly D.regularly3.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing4.A.shocked B.disappointed C.embarrassed D.scared5.A.surprise B.pity C.shame D.anxiety6.A.packed B.lined C.crowded D.piled7.A.courage B.freedom C.interest D.relief8.A.harvest B.loss C.sights D.rest9.A.picking B.ending C.brightening D.taking10.A.impress B.assist C.surround D.reward第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分.共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。HarryisanAmericanbusinessman.Hisjob___11___(require)himtodoalotoftravelingInthepastsixmonthshehasmadeninetrips,___12___purposeistoattendmeetingsandmakepresentations.Harrylovestotravelandfeelseachcountryhasacharmofitsown.Aftergraduation,Harrydecidedtomaketravelpartofhiscareer.Hewantedtoexperiencedifferentculturesofother___13___(country).Hewasdreamingofworkingforaninternationalcompany.Thenhisdreamcametrue.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。DrivingtoPalmSpringstwoyearsago,Imetasnowstorm.Acarsuddenlychangedthedirection___14___(avoid)hittingmineanddrifted(漂移)towardsthesideofthecliff.Meanwhile,somedrivers___15___(sit)indifferentcarsrushedout.They___16___(take)offthechainsthathadprotectedtheirowntyresandputthemonthatcar’styres___17___(rapid).Justasthecarwasabouttobelostoffthecliff,thosedriverssteppedup,lettingtheirkindheartsgobeyondthesnowstorm.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。NewresearchintoEQandIQsuggeststhatsuccessisnotsimplytheresultofahighIQ.WhileyourIQtellsyou___18___intelligentyouare,yourEQtellsyouhowwellyouuseyourintelligence.AccordingtoProfessorSalovey,atwork,itisIQthatgetsyouhiredbutitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.Itisgenerallybelieved___19___peoplewithhighEQareopentonewideasandhavepositiveattitudestowardslife.Theyarealsolesslikelytobetroubledbyproblems.AlsomostsocialscientistsagreethatEQhasalottodo___20___education—improvingaperson’sEQ,especiallyintermsof“peopleskills”.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A2023Illustration(插画)CompetitionWelcometoenterfortheCommunicationArtsIllustrationCompetition,mostrespectedandadmiredintheindustryforcreativityinillustration.EachwinnerwillreceiveaprofessionalizedAwardofExcellence,atrophy(奖杯)andacertificate.Thisawardisoneofthemostdesiredawards.Ifchosen,winningwillplaceyouinthehighestpositionofyourindustry.WhatToEnterWithAnyillustrationfirstpublishedorproducedfromJan.2023toJan.2024isqualified.Entriesmayoriginatefromanycountry.DescriptionsinEnglisharenecessaryforthejudgestoread.EntriesCanBeSubmitted(提交)InTheFollowingFormatsDigitalImages:RGBimagesinJPGformatwithamaximumfilesizeof2MB.GIFimagesmaybelivelier,butwouldbeturneddown,andsowouldthePNGones.DlustrationCompetitionCategories&EntryFeesCategorySingleillustrationSeriesofillustrationBooks(covers,jackets,etc.)$40$80(limitof5)Motions(mediaforfilms,videos,etc)$90$180(limitof3)StudentWork$20(Image)$45(Video)$40(limitof5)$90(limitof3)Formorecategories,pleasedownloadthecategoryPDF.LateFeesEntriesmustberegisterednolaterthanJan.13,2024.Entriesregisteredafterthatdatewillbechargedafeeof$10each.NoentriescanberegisteredafterJan.27,2024.21.Whatwillthewinnerget?A.Atailor-madeawardcertificate. B.Achanceforoverseasstudy.C.Widelyacceptedintheindustry. D.PrizemoneyfromCommunicationArts.22.Whichofthefollowingisqualifiedforthecompetition?A.Animagewith1MBJPGformat. B.Amotionpublishedwithin2years.C.Aseriesforjacketsof10illustrations. D.AstudentworkwithoutEnglishintroduction.23.HowmuchshouldbechargedforaseriesoffourcoverillustrationssubmittedonJan.25,2024?A.$80. B.$120. C.$110. D.$90.BOpenwaterswimmingIhadonlyswuminopenwaterafewtimes,andalwaysingentlelakes,soIwasn’tpreparedforhowroughLakeWindermereappearedonacoldday.Aswimmertoldmethewaterfeltcolderthanithadbeenmeasured,andthatthewaterwasabitrough.ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.Mostofthepeopletakingpartweredoingaone-milerace,and10raceswereplannedovertheweekend.Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.Ihadchosenthethirdone-mileraceoftheday.Therewereover600peopleinmyrace.Weweretakenthroughanacclimatizationarea,achildren’spaddlingpool-sizedpartofthelakewherewemovedintofeelhowcoldthewaterwas.“Nottoobad”waseveryone’sthought!Thenweheadedouttowardsthemiddleofthelake.We’dbeenwarnedthatthefirst100metreswouldbereallyrough.However,somewherenearthe750mmarkIwasstillwaitingforthecalm;itfeltmorelikeswimmingintheseathanalake.Itriedtofocusonmybreathingandtechnique,andjustkeepgoing.AsIapproachedthe400m-to-gomarkmylowerrightlegbecamepainful.Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn’twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.Ididn’twanttostop,soIbentmyrightkneeandjustkickedwiththeleftleg.FinallyIsawthefinishingpost,andIjustconcentratedongettingthere—stillone-legged.Myfinishingtimewas38minutes25secondsbutthatdidn’tmatter—theatmospherewasfantasticandeveryonefeltasenseofachievement,whatevertheirtime.I’mhooked,andwanttogiveitanothergo.I’vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforetherace?A.Scaredofthemostchallengingrace.B.Disappointedbythedifficultconditions.C.Concernedabouttheotherswimmersintherace.D.Determinedtobeastoughasthepeoplearoundher.25.WhydoestheauthormentionthetwopeopleinParagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceoftherace.B.Topraisetheexperiencedswimmers.C.Toshowthewiderangeoftheparticipants.D.Tointroducethevariouseventsoftherace.26.TheauthorsuggestsinParagraph4that______.A.theracewouldcausebreathingproblemsB.theracebecameharderthanshehadexpectedC.itwasreallynecessarytopreparefortoughswimsD.itwouldhavebeeneasierifshehadtakenothers’advice27.Whatdoestheauthortalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Herconfidenceinherownability.B.Herprideinhavingswumsoquickly.C.Hereagernesstorepeattheexperience.D.Hersurpriseathavingmanagedtofinish.CHaveyoueverwonderedwhathappenstoalloftheoldobjectslaunchedintospace,suchasrocketsandsatellites?It’scalledspacejunk,andmuchofitisstillouttherenow.AccordingtoNASA,thedefinitionofspacejunkis“anyman-madeobjectinorbit(轨道)aroundEarththatnolongerservesausefulfunction”.Onelargepieceofspacejunk,anabandonedrocket,hitthedarksideofthemoononMarch4.Therocket’soriginisnotclear,butscientistsknowthatitwasmassive—weighingabout3tons.Itmusthaveleftalargecrater(坑),estimated10to20meterswide,onthemoon’ssurface.Itwon’tbevisiblerightaway,butscientistsaretryingtolocateit.“Wewillfindthecrater,eventually,”MarkRobinson,leadinvestigatorforNASALunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera,toldUSATODAY.“Dependingonitslocation,itcouldtakeaslongas28days.”What’ssignificantaboutthisspacejunkcrashisthatitdrawsattentiontosomeofthepotentialdangersofspacejunk.First,theaccumulationofspacejunkinEarth’sorbitmeansthatsatellitesandtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)areatrisk.In2016,tinyspacedebris(残骸),smallerthanamillimeter,causedatinychipintheISS’window.Imaginethedamagethatalargerpieceofdebriscouldcause.TheEuropeanSpaceAgencywebsitestatesthatobjects“upto1cminsizecoulddisableaninstrumentoracriticalflightsystemonasatellite”whileobjectsover10cm“couldshatterasatelliteorspacecraftintopieces”.Ifthissoundsterrifying,that’sbecauseitis.Anycollision(碰撞)withlargerpiecesofdebriscouldbeespeciallydangerousformannedspacecraft.Inadditiontopotentialdamagetospacecraftandsatellites,spacejunkalsoposesathreattotheEarthitselfCrashescansenddebrisintotheatmospherewhereitcanremainformanydecades.Somepowerfulcollisionscanevensendlargedebrishurtling(猛冲)towardEarth’ssurfacewhereitcanaffectthelocalenvironment.Leftoverrocketdebriscancontaintoxicmaterialsthatareharmfultoplantandanimallife.SomepeopleinSiberiahaveevenreportedserioushealthproblemsafterrocketdebrislandedintheirregionsin2012,alocaldoctortoldtheBBC.28.Whichofthefollowingcanberegardedasspacejunk?A.Adisusedspacestation. B.Aspacecraftorbitingthemoon.C.Acrateronthemoon’ssurface. D.AsatelliteworkinginlowEarthorbit.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinParagraph2?A.Locatingthecrater. B.Trackingtherocket.C.Cleaningupthespacejunk. D.Findingouttherocket’sorigin.30.Whatcanbeinferredaboutspacejunkfromthelastparagraph?A.It’slikelytocauseaglobalenvironmentalcrisis.B.It’simpossibletostopitfromenteringtheatmosphere.C.Itcancausealastingthreatifitremainsintheatmosphere.D.Thetoxicmaterialscontainedinspacejunkarethebiggestrisk.DTolearntothinkistolearntoquestion.Thosewhodon’tquestionnevertrulythinkforthemselves.Thesearesimplerulesthathavegovernedtheadvancementofscienceandhumanthought.Advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesandintroducenewones.Unfortunately,itisoftenthegreatandrespectedthinkerswhoendupslowingtheprogressofhumanthought.Aristotlewasabrilliantphilosopherwhosetheoriesexplainedmuchofthenaturalworld,oftenincorrectly.Hewassorespectedbythescientificcommunitythateven1,200yearsafterhisdeath,scientistswerestilltryingtobuilduponhismistakesratherthancorrectthem.Brilliantmindscanintimidateupandcomingthinkerswhoarenotconfidentoftheirabilities.TheyoftenbelievetheyarenotasgoodasthemindsofgiantssuchasAristotle.leadingmanytoacceptcurrentideasinsteadofquestioningthem.Ilikemanythinkersofthepast,oncebelievedinmymentalweakness.Ididn’tquestionwhatwaswrittenonthosepages.Irespectedthem,andacceptedwhatevertheytoldme.Butthatattitudesoonchanged.Mymind’sindependencewasfirstdevelopedintheclassroom.A65-year-oldscienceteacheroncetoldmethatlightisatypeofwave.Iconfidentlybelievedthatlightisawave.Oneday,however,IheardtheGermanexchangestudentmentionedthatlightcouldbemadeupofparticles(粒子).Astheotherslaughedathisstatement(陈述),Istartedtoquestionmybeliefs.Maybetheteachersandtextbookshadn’tgivenmethewholestory.Iwenttothelibrary,didsomeresearchandlearnedofthelight-as-a-wavevslight-as-a-particledebate.IrealizedIhadgonethroughlifeacceptingonlyhalfofthestoryasthewholetruth.Eachnewyearbroughtmorenewfacts,andIhadevenmorequestions.Ifoundmyselfinthelibraryafterschool,tryingtofindmyownanswerstogainamorecompleteunderstandingofwhatIthoughtIalreadyknew.Eventextbookscanbechallenged.Ilearnedtoquestionmysources,Ilearnedtobeathinker.Questionsaresaidtobethepathtotruth,andIplantocontinuequestioning.Howmanythingsdoweknowforsuretodaythatwewillquestioninthefuture?Iknownothingcanescapethegravityofablackhole.Thisknowledgemaychangeinthenext20years.Theonethingwecancontrolnowisouropennesstodiscovery.Questionsarethetoolsofopenminds,andopenmindsarethekeytointellectualadvancement.31.Inthefirstparagraph,Aristotleistakenasanexampletoshowthat__________.A.heisthegreatestandrespectedphilosopherofalltimeB.advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesC.greatthinkersoftenmakemistakesandthencorrectthemD.hugeinfluenceofgreatthinkersmayblockhumanthought32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intimidate”inParagraph2mean?A.Frighten. B.Encourage. C.Strengthen. D.Disappoint.33.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.theauthorisnotquitesureabouthisfutureB.wehumanbeingsdon’tdaretopredictfutureC.thetheoryofblackholeswillbetrueforeverD.questioningisnecessarytopromoteadvancement34.Accordingtothepassage,theauthor__________.A.determinestobeathinkerandquestionerB.alwaysthrowshimselfintothelaboratoryC.looksdownupongreatthinkersallthetimeD.neverdoubtswhathehaslearnedinthetextbook第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Einstein’sOpinionsonCreativeThinking“Thegreatestscientistsareartistsaswell,”saidAlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestphysicistsandanamateurpianistandviolinist.ForEinstein,insightdidnotcomefromlogicormathematics.____35____“Allgreatachievementsofsciencemuststartfromintuitive(直觉的)knowledge.Imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge.”____36____Surprisingly,itwasn’tthecontentofanidea,oritssubject,thatdeterminedwhethersomethingwasartorscience,buthowtheideawasexpressed.Ifwhatisseenandexperiencedisdescribedinthelanguageoflogic,thenitisscience.Ifitiscommunicatedandrecognizedintuitively,thenitisart.____37____That’swhyhesaidthatgreatscientistswerealsoartists.____38____“IfIwerenotaphysicist,”heoncesaid,“Iwouldprobablybeamusician.IoftenthinkinmusicandIseemylifeintermsofmusic.Igetmostjoyinlifeoutofmusic.”MusicprovidedEinsteinwithaconnectionbetweentimeandspace,whichbothcombinespatial(空间的)andstructuralaspects.“Thetheoryofrelativityoccurredtomebyintuitionandmusicisthedrivingforcebehindthisintuition,”saidEinstein.“MyparentshadmestudytheviolinfromthetimeIwassix.____39____”A.ButhowdidartdifferfromscienceforEinstein?B.Instead,itcamefromintrusion(直觉)andinspiration.C.Mynewdiscoveryistheresultofmusicalinsight.D.Thereisnodoubtthatmytheorywasagreatbreakthroughthen.E.Einsteinhimselfworkedintuitivelyandexpressedhimselflogically.F.Einsteinalsoowedhisscientificinsightandintuitionmainlytomusic.G.ForEinstein,itwasthehumanitiesthatmainlycontributedtohisachievements.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Studyingabroadhasbecomeanextremelypopularstudyoptionamongstuniversitystudents.Whilestudyingabroadisextremelyexpensive,itexposesstudentstoawiderangeofpeople,culturesandexperiencesthatwillrewardthemlateronintheircareers.Inmyopinion,studentsarefarbetteroffstudyingabroadeventhoughitmightbeabitcostly.Oneofthegreatestadvantagesofstudyinginaforeigncountryisthatitexposesstudentstoessentiallifeexperiencesthatwilldevelopthemprofessionally,impossibleiftheyhavestudiedonlyintheirowncountry.Beinginanothercountryforcespeopletopopandcomeoutoftheirbubbleofcomfort,openingthemtoawiderangeofopportunities,whichcanhelpthemadvanceintheircareers.WhenIwenttostudyintheUKasaneighteen-year-old,Ihadtopushmyselfoutofmycomfortzoneandbecomeself-reliant,makingmemuchmorementallyandemotionallymature.Theseultra-challengingexperiencesarewhatdevelopsaperson.Anegativeaspectofstudyingoverseasisthatitisextremelyexpensive.Itisnotjusthighuniversityfeesthatdriveuptheexpenses;itincludesstationeryandstudymaterialexpenses,travellingcosts,rent,moneyspentonfood,andotherdifferentexpenses.Ihadtotakean.educationloanof30000poundstofundmytuitionfees.Moreover,duringmystayintheUK.Ihadtotakeupajobasapart-timewaitertoearnenoughtopaymymonthlyrentandmeetapartofmymonthlyexpenses.Anincreasingnumberofstudentsareoptingtostudyoverseas.Althoughstudyingabroadcanmakeaholeinyourpocket,itwilltestandchallengeyoumentallyandemotionally,helpingyouroverallpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.Inmyopinion,long-termprofessionalandpersonalgainsfromoverseasstudiesjustifyeverypennyspentonit.40.What’stheauthor’sopiniontowardsstudyingabroad?_____________________________________________________________________________41.Whatdrivesuptheexpensesofstudyingabroad?_____________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenchangeitandexplainwhy.Studyingabroadcanmakeaholeinyourpocketandchallengeyou,sooverseasstudiesarenotworthit._____________________________________________________________________________43.Apartfromwhathavebeenmentionedtowardsstudyingabroad,whatelsedoyouthinkofit?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim对中国传统文化很感兴趣，近日他看到了伦敦孔子学院(ConfuciusInstitute)的海报，很想去那里学习，写信询问你的意见，请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1.简要介绍孔子学院；2.表达你的想法。注意：1.词100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.B5.A6.C7.B8.A9.C10.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者将香菜种子种在花盆里，后来种子发芽，长成了香菜，点亮了作者的生活，这让作者意识到只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会给我们带来快乐。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我问她它们长大后会变成什么样子时，她脸上掠过一丝笑容。A.grow生长；B.run跑；C.look看；D.break打破。由后文的“Justplantthemandbepatient.You’llseeforyourself”可知，作者朋友叫作者把种子种下去耐心等待，说明作者问的是种子长大后会变成什么，故选A。【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你最终会亲眼看到的！A.immediately立刻；B.finally最后；C.quickly快速地；D.regularly有规律地。but表转折，由上文的“Iaskedherwhattheywould___1___into”可知，作者想知道种子长大会变成什么，那应该要到最后才能看到，故选B。【3题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我非常兴奋地寻找最轻微的迹象，但什么也没有发生。A.anything任何东西；B.everything所有东西；C.something某些东西；D.nothing没有任何东西。由上文的“Iwasveryexcitedtosearchfortheslightestsigns”和but表转折可知，作者找种子发芽的迹象，但是却什么也没有发现，空格处是“没有任何东西”，故选D。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉重的家庭作业，我开始感到悲伤和失望。A.shocked震惊的；B.disappointed失望的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.scared害怕的。由“Withheavyloadsofhomework,Ibegantofeelsad”和后面的“HowmuchIlongedforthecolorinmyfast-pacedlife”可知，家庭作业太多，种子没有发芽，而作者又需要色彩，作者觉得伤心和失望，故选B。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第八天，让我大吃一惊的是，出现了几颗嫩绿的芽。A.surprise惊讶；B.pity同情；C.shame羞耻；D.anxiety焦虑。由后文的“afewlightgreensprouts(新芽)appeared”可知，种子发芽了，作者应该觉得惊讶，toone’ssurprise意为“让某人惊讶的是”，故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天过去了，花盆里很快摆满了香菜。A.packed打包；B.lined沿……形成行（或列、排）；C.crowded聚集；D.piled堆放。由第二段的“Isowedtheseedsinaflowerpot”和后文的“withcoriander(香菜)plants”可知，作者先前把种子种在花盆里，现在花盆里应该挤满了香菜，becrowdedwith意为“挤满”，故选C。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在它们比盆边还高了，它们的叶子在和风里不停地晃动着，好像在欢快地唱着一首自由的歌。A.courage勇气；B.freedom自由；C.interest兴趣；D.relief缓解。由上文的“constantlyshakingtheirleavesinthegentlewind”可知，叶子在和风里不停地晃动着，给人感觉它们很自由，因此句子表示“好像在欢快地唱着一首自由的歌”，故选B。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信再过几天，我的植物就可以收获了。A.harvest收获；B.loss损失；C.sights视野；D.rest休息。由上文的“afterafewmoredays”可知，再过几天香菜应该是可以收获了，故选A。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些植物在点亮我的日常生活中起着重要的作用。A.picking挑选；B.ending结束；C.brightening照亮；D.taking拿走。由后文的“usingsomewillsurelymakeourdishesdelicious”可知，香菜使菜肴更美味，因此是点亮了作者的生活，故选C。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会回报我们生活在这个可爱的世界的纯粹的快乐。A.impress使留下深刻印象；B.assist帮助；C.surround围绕；D.reward奖励。由上文的“Solongaswetakestepstosetourheartsfree,timeandpatience”和“withthepurepleasureofbeingaliveinthislovelyworld”可知，句子表示“只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会回报我们生活在这个可爱的世界的纯粹的快乐”，因此空格处是“回报”，故选D。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分.共15分)【答案】11.requires12.whose13.countries【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。哈里是一位美国商人。他的工作需要他经常出差。他梦想在一家国际公司工作。现在他在一家德国高科技公司工作。【11题详解】考查时态语态。句意：他的工作要求他经常出差。文章主时态是一般现在时，主语job是单数，谓语动词用单数，故填requires。【12题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在过去的6个月里，他进行了9次旅行，目的是参加会议和做演讲。此处trips是先行词，关系词在后面的定语从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose，故填whose。【13题详解】考查名词复数。句意：他想体验其他国家的不同文化。根据other“其他的”，可知后面用名词复数，故填countries。【答案】14.toavoid15.sitting16.took17.rapidly【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者开车去棕榈泉的途中，有车陷入困境，大家齐心帮忙的故事。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一辆汽车突然改变方向以避免撞上我的车，并向悬崖边漂移。动词avoid意为“避免”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为changed，故本空作非谓语动词，结合语意，汽车突然改变方向是为了避免撞上作者的车，空处应填不定式形式toavoid，作目的状语。故答案为toavoid。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，一些坐在不同车里的司机冲了出来。动词sit意为“坐”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为rushedout，故本空作非谓语动词，sit与逻辑主语drivers之间是主动关系，应填现在分词sitting，作定语，修饰名词drivers。故答案为sitting。【16题详解】考查时态。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。结合句意和空后的hadprotected可知，事情发生在过去，故主句用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式took。故答案为took。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词rapidly“迅速地”，作状语，修饰动词put。故答案为rapidly。【答案】18.how19.that20.with【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智商和情商的作用以及两者之间的关系，智商说明你多聪明，情商说明怎样更好地运用智商。一个人的成功更多的在于他的情商。【18题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：智商表明你到底有多聪明，而情商表明你如何善用智慧。设空处引导名词性从句作tell的宾语，设空处修饰形容词intelligent，表示“多么”，用连接副词how。故填how。【19题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：人们普遍认为，情商高的人容易接纳新思想，对待生活积极乐观。句子分析可知，此句为固定句型“Itisgenerallybelievedtha…(人们普遍认为……)”，句中it作形式主语，that引导的名词性从句为真正主语，that在从句中不作语法成分，无词汇意义，因此设空处填连接词that构成主语从句。故填that。【20题详解】考查介词。句意：大多数社会学家也认为，情商与教育有很大关系——提高一个人的情商，尤其是在“人际交往能力”方面。固定搭配have...todowith意为“与...有关”，havealottodowith表示“与……有很大关系”符合句意，设空处填介词with。故填with。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)【答案】21.C22.A23.B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则2023插画比赛的通告，介绍了参赛要求以及收费等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ifchosen,winningplacesyouinthehighestranksofyourprofession.(如果被选中，获胜将使你在你的职业中处于最高的地位)”可知，比赛的获奖者可以在本专业处于最高级别，即获胜者会得到在业界的广泛认可。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“AnyillustrationfirstpublishedorproducedfromJan.2023toJan.2024isqualified.Entriesmayoriginatefromanycountry.DescriptionsinEnglisharenecessaryforthejudgestoread.(任何在2023年1月至2024年1月期间首次出版或制作的插图都是合格的。参赛作品可以来自任何国家。英文描述是评委必须阅读的。)”和第三段“DigitalImages:RGBimagesinJPGformatwithamaximumfilesizeof2MB.(数字图像：JPG格式的RGB图像，最大文件大小为2MB。)”和表格“Books(covers,jackets,etc.)$80(limitof5)(书籍(封面、护套等)$80(限5个))”可知，一张1MBJPG格式的图片适合比赛。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据表格Books(covers,jackets,interiors,etc.)部分中Seriesofillustrations（上限5个）收费为80美元”以及最后一段“EntriesmustberegisterednolaterthanJan.13,2024.Entriesregisteredafterthatdatewillbechargedafeeof$10each.(参赛作品必须在2024年1月13日之前注册。在此日期之后报名的作品将被收取10美元的费用)”可知，2024年1月25日提交的四张封面插图需要支付80+4×10=120美元。故选B。【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.C【分析】本文属于记叙文，描述作者参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.可知，我马上和其他10000名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们很坚定要完成这项运动，故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.可知，参赛者包括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有77岁参加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn’twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.可知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段I’mhooked,andwanttogiveitanothergo.I’vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.可知，我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运动，故选C。【答案】28.A29.A30.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空垃圾对于太空，地球，以及人类会造成的潜在的威胁以及伤害。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AccordingtoNASA,thedefinitionofspacejunkis“anyman-madeobjectinorbit(轨道)aroundEarththatnolongerservesausefulfunction”.(根据美国国家航空航天局的说法，太空垃圾的定义是“任何在地球轨道上的人造物体，不再具有有用的功能”。)”可知，废弃的空间站属于不再具有有用功能的人造物体，因此是太空垃圾。故选A。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段““Wewillfindthecrater.eventually,”MarkRobinson,leadinvestigatorforNASALunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera,toldUSATODAY.“Dependingonitslocation,itcouldtakeaslongas28days.”(“我们最终会找到陨石坑，”美国国家航空航天局月球勘测轨道相机首席研究员马克・罗宾逊告诉《今日美国》。“根据地点的不同，可能需要28天的时间。”)”可知，这里说的it指代上文提到的陨石坑的位置。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inadditiontopotentialdamagetospacecraftandsatellites,spacejunkalsoposesathreattotheEarthitselfCrashescansenddebrisintotheatmospherewhereitcanremainformanydecades.(除了对航天器和卫星的潜在损害外，太空垃圾还对地球本身构成威胁。撞击会将碎片送入大气层，并在那里停留几十年。)”可知，太空