2024北京石景山高二（上）期末英语试题和答案

试题PAGE1试题2024北京石景山高二（上）期末英语本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、Ｄ四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Justfivemonthsearlier,IwouldneverhavethoughtthatIwouldactinaplayinfrontofsomanypeople.Withouttheencouragementofmyteacher,Mrs.Sather,Imightneverhavefoundthatcourage.Iwasanextremely_____1_____girl.Itjustwasn’tinmypersonalitytomakeasoundinpublic.Iusedtohidemyselfinmywriting.Mrs.Satheralsoencouragedmetowritemore.Ithinkshewasoneofthefirstpeopletoseemyreal____2____andknowhowtohelpme.Oneday,shetoldusthatweweregoingto____3____aplayTheWizardofOz.“IneedsomeonetoplaytheleadpartofDorothy,”shesaid.Alotofhandsshotup.Mine,ofcourse,wasnotoneofthem.Afterschool,Mrs.Sathersaidtome,“Dallas,Iwas___4___youdidn’traiseyourhand.You’regreatatmemorizingthings,andyouhavesuchasweetpersonality.I’msureyouare____5____forDorothy!IhaveyouinmindforDorothyandwantyoutowritetheplaytoo!Ifyoureallydon’twantto,though,Iwon’tmakeyou.It’syour_____6_____.”Encouragedbyher____7____,IsuddenlywantedtoseewhatIreallycoulddo.I____8____therole.Afterfivemonthsofpracticing,wewereready.Attheendoftheplay,whenmyteacherandmyclassmatesstoodupand____9____,Iknewtheywerenotjustcongratulatingformyperformancethatnight,butforthesuccessthattheyknewwouldcomeinlateryearsbecauseofmynewlyfound______10______.1.A.shy B.weak C.clever D.pretty2.A.problem B.goal C.challenge D.advantage3.A.puton B.makeup C.putup D.focuson4.A.excited B.satisfied C.afraid D.surprised5.A.anxious B.sorry C.perfect D.ready6.A.turn B.choice C.luck D.responsibility7.A.words B.stories C.adventures D.lectures8.A.created B.played C.accepted D.remembered9.A.left B.struggled C.cried D.cheered10.A.skill B.confidence C.interest D.hobby第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。Twofirefighters____11____(wait)inlineatafastfoodrestaurantwhenthesiren(警报器)soundedontheirfireengineoutside.Astheyturnedtoleave,acouplewhohadreceivedtheirorderamomentago____12____(hand)theirfoodtothefirefighters.Thecouplethengotbackinlinetoreorder.Toappreciatetheirselflessactasareward,themanagerrefused____13____(take)thecouple’smoney.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Everythinghappensforareason.Nothinghappensbychanceorbymeansofgoodluck.Injury,___14___(ill),love,andlostmomentsoftruegreatnessalloccurtotestthelimitsofyoursoul.___15___thesesmalltests,lifewouldbelikeastraightflatroadtonowhere.Itwouldbesafeandcomfortable,___16___dullandcompletelypointless.Thesuccessanddownfallyouexperiencehelpstocreatewhoyouareanddecide____17____yougo.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Somebullettrainsdon’trunontracksatall.Theyflyoverthem.They____18____(call)maglevbullettrains(磁悬浮高速列车)，andtheyusetwogroupsofmagnetstomove.Onegrouppushesthetrainsupandoffthetracksandtheothergrouppushesthetrainsforward,____19____makesthetrainsgomuchfasterandmakelessnoise,too.Theworld’s____20____(fast)trainnowisamaglevtraininChina.Ithasamaximumspeedof600kilometersperhour.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AExperiencetheColoradoRivertheHualapaiWay!Since1973,HualapaiRiverRunnershasbeenconductingwhitewaterrafting(漂流)journeysontheColoradoRiver.OurexperiencedguidesexpertlysailalongtheriverandsharethehistoryoftheCanyonandtheHualapaipeoplewithyou.VisitorsexperiencetheexcitementofwhitewaterrapidsandthenstoptoenjoytheimpressivebeautyofTravertineFallsandatastylunch.Nochargeforchildrentwoyearsoldandunder.One-DayTripRetail$249.00+$79.00(helicopterandround-tripgroundtransportation)WhitewaterraftingtoursbegininPeachSprings.HualapaiRiverRunnerstransportsyoutoDiamondCreek,whichisthestartingpointforthe37-mileraftingtour.Lunchisincludedanduponarrivalattheraftingtourterminationpoint,flyoutoftheGrandCanyonbyhelicoptertoGrandCanyonWest.Two-DayTripRetail$549.00+$79.00(helicopterandround-tripgroundtransportation)Two-dayraftingtripwithonenightontheColoradoRiverallowsmoretimetoexploreoneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorld.Allsuppliesandmealsareincluded.ToursInclude：·Round-triptransportationfromPeachSpringstothestartingpointandfromtheterminationpointbacktoPeachSprings.·Snack,drinksandlunch(vegetarianmealsavailableuponrequest)·Waterproofdrybagsforstoringyourcameras,sunscreen,dryclothes,etcThehelicopterpartoftransportationisweatherpermitting.Ifthehelicoptertransportationiscancelledbecauseofbadweather,theraftwillcontinueanadditionaltwohourstoSouthCoveandamaximum$20.00percustomerwillbegivenback.SpecialWebsitebookingrate15%offraftinginJuly.Sobooknow!CallusTollFreeToday!Tel:1-888-868-937821.Wheredowhitewaterraftingtoursstart?A.GrandCanyon. B.DiamondCreek. C.TravertineFalls. D.GrandCanyonWest.22.WelearnfromthepassagethatA.youwillget$20backifyouaredissatisfied B.HualapaiRiverRunnersprovidesdryclothesC.thetripisfreeofchargeforchildrenundertwo D.onlinebookinghasabetterofferallyearround23.WhatisincludedintheTwo-DayTrip?A.AhelicopterridetoGrandCanyonWest.B.A37-mileraftingtourstartinginPeachSpringsC.Single-tripgroundtransportationfromPeachSprings.D.OnenightontheColoradoRiverwithallsuppliesandmeals.24.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toattractpeopletothesights.B.ToexploretheHualapaiculture.C.Toexplainhowtomakearaftingtrip.D.TointroducethehistoryoftheColoradoRiver.BMyHouseMymothermovedalotwhenshewasgrowinguponaccountofGrandpabeinginthearmy.Shehatedhavingtoadjusttonewschoolsandmakenewfriends.That’swhyIthoughtshewasjokingwhensheputforwardtheideaofmoving.Butshewascompletelyserious.“Forjustthetwoofus,”mymothersaid,“anapartmentinthecitywillsuitourneedsmuchbetter.”Personally,Ithinkshe’slosthermind.IguessIcanunderstandwhyshewouldwanttomove,butwhataboutmeandwhatthishousemeanstome?Isupposeifyoulookedatmyhouse,youmightthinkitwasjustanothercountryhouse.Buttomeitisanythingbutstandard.Imovedintothishousewithmyparentstenyearsago.Icanstillrememberthatfirstdaylikeitwasyesterday.ThefirstthingInoticedwasthebigfrontyard.Tomeitseemedlikeanoceanofgrass—Icouldn’twaittodivein.Thebackyardwasfullofgnarled(扭曲的，粗糙的)andscarytreesthattalkonwindynights.ButIgrewtolikethemandtheshadowstheycastinmyroom.MyfatherandIevenbuiltasmalltreehouse,whereIoftengotorememberallthewonderfultimeswehadbeforemyfather’sdeath.Thishouseisspecial—maybeonlytome—butspecialnevertheless.It’sthelittleseeminglyinsignificantthingsthatmakethishousesospecialtome:theice-coldtilefloorsthatmakemetrembleonmidnight;thesmellofmyfather’spipethatstillexists:thetoweringbookcasesofmymother;theviewoutsidemybedroomwindow.Thishouseholdstoomanymemories,memorieswhichwouldbelostifwegaveitup.25.Whydidtheauthor’smotherdecidetomove?A.Becauseshehatedthecountryside.B.BecauseGrandpawasonconstantmove.C.BecauseDad’sdeathmadeherlosehermind.D.Becauseshethoughtacityflatmorefitforthem.26.Whatimpressedtheauthorwhenshefirstmovedintothehouse?A.Thetreehouse. B.Thegreengrass. C.Thebigtrees. D.Thecoldfloors.27.Howdidtheauthorletusfeelthatthehousewasspecialtoher?A.Byarguingwhetherthehousewasstandard.B.Byexplainingwhythehousesuitedtheirneeds.C.Bydescribingthesmallthingsrelatedtoherhouse.D.Bycomparingthedifferencesbetweencountryandcitylife.CThereexistcruelwars,fightingandsadnessintheworldtoday,soit’snotonlynecessary,butalsoessentialtohaveagoodsenseofhumorjusttohelpustidethroughdifficulttimesinourlives.Puttingasmileonsomeone’sfacewhenyouknowtheyarefeelingdepressed,asthesayinggoes,makesmefeelgoodandwarmsmyheart.Howwouldyoufeelifyoucouldnotjokearoundwithyourwife,husband,child,co-worker,neighbor,closefriend,orevenjustsomeonethatyouarestandinginlinewithatyourcornerstore?Iamalwayssayingthingsthatmakeotherssmileorlaugh,evenifIdon’tknowthepersonI’mjokingaroundwith.MyGrandmaalwaysfoundhumorineverythingshedid,evenifitwasthehardestjobanyonecouldimagine.Thisnotonlyrelievesstressinanysituation,butalsoiscommoncourtesy(礼貌)tospeaktoothersthatarearoundyou.Iknowofafewpeoplethatdon’thaveafunnyboneintheirbodies,astheysay.Everyonearoundthemcouldberollingonthefloorafterhearingagreatjokeandtheywouldsittherewithouttheslightestsmileontheirface.Theydon’tgetthejokethatmakesotherslaugh.Iambustingagutwhiletheyjustsitthere,lookingatmeasifIwerefromouterspace.Howcanpeoplenotgetareallyfunnyjoke?Laughingisessentialtokeepingyourstresslevelsundercontrol.Withouthumorwewouldfindourselveswithalotofpsychologicalproblems,oronalotofmedicationstokeepusfromgoingcrazy.Thereistoomuchsadnessinthispresentworld.Itdrivespeoplecrazy.Weallneedtofindawaytobypassthesadnessandbringalittlelightintoourlives.So,Ibelieveourbestmedicineistogettogetherandtellsomejokesandhavesomefunlaughingtogether.28.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthepresentworld?A.Positive. B.Satisfied. C.Critical. D.Indifferent.29.Theauthoranswersthequestioninthesecondparagraphwith.A.evidenceandargument B.opinionsandpersuasionC.examplesandconclusion D.descriptionsandanalysis30.Thephrase“bustingagut”underlinedinParagraph3canbereplacedby.A.speakingloudly B.laughinghardC.actingstrangely D.explainingcarefully31.Inwritingthepassage,theauthormainlyintendsto.A.talkabouthisownunderstandingofhumorB.introduceapracticalwaytogetthroughdailylifeC.encouragepeopletomakejokesaboutseriousmattersD.convincepeopleofthepowerofbeingoptimisticaboutlifeDArelationshipbetweentheamountofadultspeechchildrenareexposedtoandtheconcentrationofmyelin,asubstanceinthebrain,hasbeenfound,researcherssay.“Ithinkthetake-homemessageis,absolutelytalkingtoyourkids.It’sliterallyshapingthestructureofthebrain,”saystheleadauthor,ProfJohnP.SpenceroftheUniversityofEastAnglia.Theteamfind,forthe30-month-olds,largeramountsofadultspeechareassociatedwithhigherquantitiesofmyelininlanguage-relatedpathwaysinthebrain;however,forthe6-month-olds,itgoestheoppositeway.Whilethelatterisunexpected,Spencerpointsoutonepossiblefactor:thebrain’sstageofdevelopment.“Whenbabiesaresixmonthsold,theyexperiencemassivegrowthofnewnervecells,”hesays.“Sotheinputcomesinandmayhelpextendtheperiodofbraingrowth.”“Whileat30months,thebrainstartstocutbacksomeofthecellgrowth,andformspecificconnections.That’swheremyelincomesin.Sonowtheinputstartstohelpstructurethemyelin,”headds.Theresearchersconcludeadultspeechissignificantforbothagegroupsandthatthemoreadultspeechchildrengothrough,themoresensitivetheywillbetolanguage.Thenextstepforthemistofigureoutwhetherthe6-month-oldbabiesshowingthatnegativeconnectionwillsurelyturninto30-month-oldkidswhoshowpositiverelationship.Dr.SaloniKrishnan,Readerincognitiveneuroscience(认知神经科学)atRoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon,whoisnotinvolvedinthework,however,notesindividualdifferencesinlanguageabilityarelinkedtogenetics.“Childrenwhoareexposedtomorelanguageathomeandhavehighermyelinationwillalsohaveinheritedgenes(经遗传获得的基因)fromparentswhoaremoreexcellentinlanguages,”shesaid.“Nofinalconclusioncouldbemadebeforethispotentialgeneticeffectaretested.Andyettherebeingcurrentlynostandardaroundtheamountofinputchildrenshouldreceive,caregiversshouldnotnecessarilyfeelpressuretotalkmoretotheirchildren.”32.Whatsurprisestheteam?A.Thefindingforthe6-month-olds.B.Thefindingforthe30-month-olds.C.Howtheinputhelpnervecellsgrow.D.Howtheinputhelpstructurethemyelin.33.Whatdoestheresearchersthinkofadultspeech?A.Itispositivelyrelatedtomyelin.B.Itcutsbacksomeofthecellgrowth.C.Itseffectvarieswiththesizeofbrains.D.Itishelpfulforbothgroups’languageability34.WhatmightDr.SaloniKrishnanapproveof?A.Theteamshoulddomoreresearch.B.Parentsmusttalkmoretotheirkids.C.Inheritedgenesdecidelanguageability.D.Theconcentrationofmyelinmakesnosense.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyoufeeldepressed(消沉的),it’sbesttodosomethingaboutit—depressiondoesn’tjustgoawayonitsown.Inadditiontogettinghelpfromadoctor,herearefourthingsyoucandotofeelbetter.Exercise.Takea15-to-30-minutewalkeveryday—ordanceandbikeifyouprefer.___35___Butmakeyourselfdoitanyway.Onceyougetintheexercisehabit,itwon’ttakelongtonoticeadifferenceinyourmood.Provideyourselfwithgoodnutrition.Depressioncanaffectappetite(食欲).Onepersonmaynotfeellikeeatingatall,butanothermightovereat.___36___Soeatplentyoffruitsandvegetablesandgetregularmeals(evenifyoudon’tfeelhungry,trytoeatsomethinglight,likeapieceoffruit,tokeepyougoing).Findouttroubles.___37___Whenyouknowwhat’sgotyoufeelingblueandwhy,talkaboutitwithacaringfriend.Talkingisawaytoreceivesomeunderstanding.Ifthere’snoonetotell,pouringyourheartouttoajournalworksjustaswell.___38___Depressionaffectsaperson’sthoughts,makingeverythingseemunhappyandhopeless.Ifdepressionhasyounoticingonlythenegative,makeanefforttonoticethegoodthingsinlife.Trytonoticeonething,andthentrytothinkofonemore.Consideryourstrengthsorgifts.Mostofall,don’tforgettobepatientwithyourself.___39___A.Lookonthebrightside.B.Takeactiontosolveproblems.C.Depressiontakestimetoheal.D.Propernutritioncanaffectaperson’smoodandenergy.E.Peoplewhoaredepressedmaynotfeelmuchlikebeingactive.F.Trytomakeoutanysituationsthathavecontributedtoyourdepression.G.Withdepression,aperson’screativityandsenseoffunmayseemblocked.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第1—2题每小题2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Peoplefromdifferentgenerationsoftenliveandworktogether.Sometimesthey’rehappybeingtogether,othertimesthey’renot.Oneofthereasonsfortheirunhappinessmaybeagenerationgap.Agenerationgapisthedifferencebetweentwoormoregenerations—notthedifferencesbetweentheiryearsbutthedifferencesbetweenthegenerations’ideas,attitudes,andinterests.Ofcourse,peoplecanhavedifferencesandstillbehappytogether,butaccordingtotheexperts,communicationbetweenthegenerationshelpseveryonegetalong.Goodcommunicationbetweenthegenerationsstartsinthefamily.Thesedaysmanyfamiliesarechangingtheircommunicationstyle.Theyaremovingfroma“one-way”styletoa“two-way”styleofcommunication.Toshowthischange,let’scomparetwofamilies:TheSmithfamilyusesthe“one-way”styleofcommunication.Mr.andMrs.Smithshowinterestintheirchildren,buttheydon’tdiscussproblemsoffeelings.Theparentsmakealltherulesanddecisions.Theydon’taskfortheirchildren’sopinions.Theyexplaintheirdecisionstotheirchildren,buttheydon’tdiscussthem.Theexplanationisclearandthechildrenunderstand.Thecommunicationgoesoneway:fromtheparentstothechildren.TheJonesfamilyusesthe“two-way”styleofcommunication.Mr.andMrs.Jonesshowinterestintheirchildrenandaskfortheiropinions.Theydiscussproblemsandexpresstheirfeelings.Thefamilymakesrulesanddecisionstogetherafteradiscussion.Thecommunicationgoestwoways:fromparentstochildrenandfromchildrentoparents.Bettercommunicationbetweengenerationsathomemeansbettercommunicationbetweengenerationsatworkandinthecommunity.Whenpeoplefromdifferentgenerationsunderstandeachotherbetter,theylearnfromeachothermore.Thishelpsthemformstrongerbonds,worktogethermoreeasily.Asaresult,peopleofallagescanteamupeffectivelyandcomeupwithnewideasindifferentpartsoflife.40.Whatisagenerationgap?______________________________________________________41.Wheredoesgoodcommunicationbetweenthegenerationsbegin?______________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.IfJack’parentsdiscusswithhimwheretospendtheirsummervacation,theyusethe“one-way”styleofcommunication.______________________________________________________43.Tobridgethegenerationgaps,whatothersuggestionswouldyoumakebesidesbettercommunication?(Inabout40words)______________________________________________________第二节（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高二（1）班学生李华，你校将在下周五举办“校园文化节（CampusCultureFestival）”系列活动。请给你班留学生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加。邮件的内容包括：1.介绍活动内容；2.询问是否愿意。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.A2.D3.A4.D5.C6.B7.A8.B9.D10.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述害羞的作者达拉斯（Dallas）在老师萨瑟夫人（Mrs.Sather）的鼓励下，勇敢地出演了一部剧，并找到了自信。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个极度害羞的女孩。A.shy害羞的；B.weak弱的；C.clever聪明的；D.pretty漂亮的。根据下文“Itjustwasn’tinmypersonalitytomakeasoundinpublic.Iusedtohidemyselfinmywriting.”可知，作者出来不会在公共场合发出声音，所以她应该是一个害羞的女孩。故选A。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想她是最早看到我真正优势并知道如何帮助我的人之一。A.problem问题；B.goal目标；C.challenge挑战；D.advantage优势。根据上文“Iusedtohidemyselfinmywriting.”可知，作者喜欢写作，所以写作是作者的优势。故选D。【3题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，她告诉我们，我们要上演一部戏剧《绿野仙踪》。A.puton上演；B.makeup化妆；C.putup张贴；D.focuson集中。根据下文“IneedsomeonetoplaytheleadpartofDorothy”可知，他们要表演一部剧。故选A。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：达拉斯，我很惊讶你没有举手。A.excited兴奋的；B.satisfied满意的；C.afraid担心的；D.surprised吃惊的。根据下文“You’regreatatmemorizingthings,andyouhavesuchasweetpersonality.”可知，萨瑟夫人认为作者可以胜任这个角色，而作者自己却没有打算举手报名，所以萨瑟夫人感到吃惊。故选D。【5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信你非常适合多萝西！A.anxious紧张的；B.sorry抱歉的；C.perfect最佳的；D.ready准备好的。根据下文“IhaveyouinmindforDorothy”可知，萨瑟夫人认为作者是这个角色的最佳人选。故选C。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是你的选择。A.turn翻转；B.choice选择；C.luck运气；D.responsibility责任。根据上文“Ifyoureallydon’twantto,though,Iwon’tmakeyou.”可知，萨瑟夫人认为，如果作者真的不想出演，她不会强迫，意为这是作者自己的选择。故选B。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的话的鼓励下，我突然想看看我能做些什么。A.words话语；B.stories故事；C.adventures冒险；D.lectures课程。根据上文“Afterschool,Mrs.Sathersaidtome,“Dallas,Iwas___4___youdidn’traiseyourhand.You’regreatatmemorizingthings,andyouhavesuchasweetpersonality.I’msureyouare____5____forDorothy!IhaveyouinmindforDorothyandwantyoutowritetheplaytoo!Ifyoureallydon’twantto,though,Iwon’tmakeyou.It’syour_____6_____.””可知，是这些话鼓舞了作者去参加演出。故选A。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我扮演了这个角色。A.created创造；B.played扮演；C.accepted接受；D.remembered记得。根据下文“Iknewtheywerenotjustcongratulatingformyperformancethatnight,”可知，作者最后愿意扮演多萝西这个角色。故选B。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：演出结束时，当我的老师和同学们站起来欢呼时，我知道他们不仅仅是在祝贺我当晚的表现，而是因为我新找到的自信，他们知道以后会取得成功。A.left离开；B.struggled挣扎；C.cried哭；D.cheered欢呼。根据下文“theywerenotjustcongratulatingformyperformancethatnight,butforthesuccess”可知，作者的演出很成功，所以老师和同学们都站起来为她欢呼祝贺。故选D。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A.skill技能；B.confidence自信；C.interest兴趣；D.hobby爱好。根据上文“Iwasanextremely_____1_____girl.”和“becauseofmynewlyfound”可知，作者以前是一个很害羞的女孩，而现在却能够在大众面前成功扮演角色，所以她应该是找到了自信。故选B。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.werewaiting12.handed13.totake【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述两个消防员在快餐店等着买事物的时候，突然警报器响了。就在他们要离开的时候，一对夫妻把手里刚刚拿到的食物送给了他们。店主为了奖励他们，免费给他们提供了新的食物。【11题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：两名消防员正在一家快餐店排队等候的时候，突然外面的消防车响起警笛声。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里描述的是过去正在进行的事情，句子时态用过去进行时。主语是Twofirefighters，be动词用were。故填werewaiting。【12题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：当他们转身离开时，一对刚刚收到订单的夫妇将食物递给了消防员。根据时间状语从句中的turned可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处是谓语动词，用过去式。故填handed。【13题详解】考查动词短语。句意：为了感谢他们无私的行为作为奖励，经理拒绝了他们的钱。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语refusetodo，意为“拒绝做某事”。故填totake。【答案】14.illness15.Without16.but/yet17.where【分析】本文是议论文。万事皆有因，生活中除了幸运快乐之外还有伤害、疾病和失去，这些考验使生活更有意义，帮助我们成长。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：伤害、疾病、爱以及失去真正伟大的时刻都是对你灵魂极限的考验。和Injury,love,lostmoments并列在句中做主语，用名词。故填illness。【15题详解】考查介词。句意：没有这些小的考验，生活就像一条没有尽头的笔直平坦的道路。根据句意，此处表示“没有”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Without。【16题详解】考查连词。句意：它虽然安全舒适，但枯燥无味，毫无意义。前后句是转折关系，故填but/yet。【17题详解】考查连接副词。句意：你经历的成功和失败会帮助你塑造你自己，决定你要去哪里。动词decide后是宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。【答案】18.arecalled19.which20.fastest【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了磁悬浮列车。【18题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：他们称之为磁悬浮高速列车，他们使用两组磁铁来移动。主语they和谓语动词call是被动关系，介绍事实用一般现在时的被动语态。故填arecalled。【19题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一组把火车推离轨道，另一组把火车往前推，让火车跑得更快，噪音也更小。指代前面一件事，用which引导非限制性定语从句，作主语。故填which。【20题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：现在世界上最快的列车是中国的磁悬浮列车。the后面加形容词最高级。故填fastest。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A【导语】本文是一篇应用文，为HualapaiRiverRunners提供的科罗拉多河激流漂筏之旅做广告。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“One-DayTrip”下面的“HualapaiRiverRunnerstransportsyoutoDiamondCreek,whichisthestartingpointforthe37-mileraftingtour.(HualapaiRiverRunners将带你前往钻石溪，这里是37英里漂流之旅的起点。)”可知，激流漂筏的起点是钻石溪。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Nochargeforchildrentwoyearsoldandunder.(两岁及以下儿童免费。)”可知，这项旅行对两岁及以下的儿童免费。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Two-DayTrip”下面的“Two-dayraftingtripwithonenightontheColoradoRiverallowsmoretimetoexploreoneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorld.Allsuppliesandmealsareincluded.(为期两天的漂流之旅，在科罗拉多河上度过一晚，让你有更多的时间探索世界七大奇迹之一。包括所有用品和餐食。)”可知，两日游套餐包括在科罗拉多河上住一晚以及所有用品和餐食。故选D。【24题详解】目的意图题。根据文章标题“ExperiencetheColoradoRivertheHualapaiWay!(用Hualapai方式体验科罗拉多河！)”以及文章末尾的“SpecialWebsitebookingrate15%offraftinginJuly.Sobooknow!(7月网站预订漂流由15%的特别折扣。所以现在就预订吧！)”并结合全文可推知，本文是一则广告，介绍了HualapaiRiverRunners提供的科罗拉多河激流漂筏之旅，目的是吸引游客前来旅游。故选A。【答案】25.D26.B27.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者农村的家对作者的特殊意义，这所房子承载了许多回忆，而她不想丢下这些回忆，所以不愿搬家。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Forjustthetwoofus,’mymothersaid,‘anapartmentinthecitywillsuitourneedsmuchbetter.’(‘就我们两个人而言，’我母亲说，‘城市里的公寓会更适合我们的需求。’)”可知，因为作者的母亲认为城市的一间公寓更加适合她们两个，所以决定搬家。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThefirstthingInoticedwasthebigfrontyard.Tomeitseemedlikeanoceanofgrass—Icouldn’twaittodivein.(我首先注意到的是大前院。对我来说，这就像一片草地的海洋——我迫不及待地想扑进去。)”可知，当作者最初搬进这所房子时，给她留下深刻印象的是前院的绿草地。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Icanstillrememberthatfirstdaylikeitwasyesterday.ThefirstthingInoticedwasthebigfrontyard.Tomeitseemedlikeanoceanofgrass—Icouldn’twaittodivein.Thebackyardwasfullofgnarled(扭曲的，粗糙的)andscarytreesthattalkonwindynights.ButIgrewtolikethemandtheshadowstheycastinmyroom.MyfatherandIevenbuiltasmalltreehouse,whereIoftengotorememberallthewonderfultimeswehadbeforemyfather’sdeath.(我还记得第一天，就像昨天一样。我首先注意到的是大前院。对我来说，这就像一片草地的海洋——我迫不及待地想扑进去。后院里长满了扭曲的可怕的树，在刮风的夜晚它们会说话。但我渐渐喜欢上了它们和它们在我房间里投下的阴影。我父亲和我甚至建了一个小树屋，我经常去那里回忆父亲去世前我们所有的美好时光。)”和第三段“Thishouseisspecial—maybeonlytome—butspecialnevertheless.It’sthelittleseeminglyinsignificantthingsthatmakethishousesospecialtome:theice-coldtilefloorsthatmakemetrembleonmidnight;thesmellofmyfather’spipethatstillexists:thetoweringbookcasesofmymother;theviewoutsidemybedroomwindow.(这所房子很特别——也许只对我来说——但无论如何都很特别。正是那些看似微不足道的小事让这所房子对我来说如此特别：冰冷的瓷砖地板让我在午夜颤抖；我父亲烟斗的味道仍然存在：我母亲高耸的书架；我卧室窗外的景色。)”可推测出，作者通过描述与房子有关的小事来展现出作者对房子的特别情感。故选C。【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是幽默和笑的重要性。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thereexistcruelwars,fightingandsadnessintheworldtoday(当今世界存在着残酷的战争、战斗和悲伤)”可知，作者对当今世界持批评的态度，故选C。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Iamalwayssayingthingsthatmakeotherssmileorlaugh,evenifIdon’tknowthepersonI’mjokingaroundwith.MyGrandmaalwaysfoundhumorineverythingshedid,evenifitwasthehardestjobanyonecouldimagine.Thisnotonlyrelievesstressinanysituation,butalsoiscommoncourtesy(礼貌)tospeaktoothersthatarearoundyou.(我总是说一些让别人微笑或大笑的话，即使我不知道和我开玩笑的人是谁。我奶奶总是在她做的每件事中找到幽默，即使那是任何人能想象到的最困难的工作。这不仅在任何情况下都能缓解压力，而且对你周围的人说话也是一种礼貌。)”可知，第二段用证据来说明幽默的好处，因此是通过证据与论证来回答第二段的问题，故选A。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Everyonearoundthemcouldberollingonthefloorafterhearingagreatjokeandtheywouldsittherewithouttheslightestsmileontheirface.Theydon’tgetthejokethatmakesotherslaugh.(他们周围的每个人都可能在听到一个很棒的笑话后在地板上打滚，他们会坐在那里，脸上没有一丝微笑。他们听不懂让别人发笑的笑话。)”和“whiletheyjustsitthere(而他们只是坐在那里)”可知，作者听到笑话会笑得很厉害，划线短语bustingagut的意思是“大笑”。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Weallneedtofindawaytobypassthesadnessandbringalittlelightintoourlives.So,Ibelieveourbestmedicineistogettogetherandtellsomejokesandhavesomefunlaughingtogether.(我们都需要找到一种方法来绕过悲伤，给我们的生活带来一点光明。所以，我相信我们最好的药是聚在一起，讲一些笑话，一起笑得开心。)”可知，本文作者给大家论述了幽默和笑的重要性，因此目的是让人们相信对生活保持乐观的力量。故选D。【答案】32.A33.D34.A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了一个研究团队的发现（多跟孩子交流有助于孩子的大脑发育，尤其是语言方面）和其他专家就该研究发现发表的言论。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theteamfind,forthe30-month-olds,largeramountsofadultspeechareassociatedwithhigherquantitiesofmyelininlanguage-relatedpathwaysinthebrain;however,forthe6-month-olds,itgoestheoppositeway.(研究小组发现，对于30个月大的婴儿来说，更多的成人语言与大脑中语言相关通路中更多的髓磷脂有关;然而，对于6个月大的婴儿来说，情况正好相反)”以及第四段“Whilethelatter(后者)isunexpected,Spencerpointsoutonepossiblefactor:thebrain’sstageofdevelopment.(虽然后者出乎意料，但斯宾塞指出了一个可能的因素:大脑的发育阶段)”可知，使这个研究团队吃惊的是第三段中提到的对六个月大的婴儿的研究发现，故选A项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Theresearchersconcludeadultspeechissignificantforbothagegroupsandthatthemoreadults