2024-2025学年外研社版高三（上）英语寒假作业（十一）

第1页（共1页）2024-2025学年外研社版高三（上）英语寒假作业（十一）一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2023秋•越秀区校级期中）________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.（）A．Anyone B．Theperson C．Whoever D．Who2．（2011•西城区二模）leftthedoorunlockedmustbeheldresponsiblefortheaccident．（）A．Whomever B．Whoever C．Whatever D．Whenever3．（2022秋•河东区校级期末）________theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweekisbadnewsforus．（）A．As B．If C．Whether D．That4．（2017秋•无锡期中）saysthatschoolyearsarethebesttimeofone'slifeisprobablyanadult﹣onewho'sforgottenthehardworkofbeingatschool．（）A．Whatever B．Whichever C．Whomever D．Whoever5．thegreatChinesepoetwasbornisunknowntothepublic.（）A．If B．As C．Where D．What6．（2020•天津模拟）Whenthesun'srayshittheearth，alotofheatbackintospace．（）A．arereflected B．isreflected C．reflects D．werereflected7．Inourcompany，onlyafewareforthedecision，buttherest______allagainstit.（）A．are B．being C．hasbeen D．is8．Youmustkeepit_______inmindthateducationisthefirstproductivity.（）A．mildly B．firmly C．tightly D．roughly9．（2012•安徽）Walmart，whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains，someofitsstoreopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays．（）A．keeps B．keep C．havekept D．hadkept10．﹣WhatisMsLanelike？﹣Well，sheisefficientandhasanenormousforhardwork.（）A．attempt B．preference C．capacity D．confidence二．完形填空（共1小题）11．WhenIwasinelementaryschool，Ienjoyedtellinglies.Thatwasalotof（1）.AsIgotolder，my（2）continued.Ienjoyedpeople'sreactionstomyseeminglyamazinglife.ButwhenIwas15，thatall（3）ImetsomeoneIreally（4），whoputmeonthepathtohonesty.Inmyusualfashion，Itoldhimliesjustliketellingotherpeople.Imadeup（5）togethimtobemoreinterestedinme（6）Iwasn'tsureifthetruthwouldbeenoughtomakehimwanttocontinueworkingwithme.Butheknewmesowell.Onedayhetoldme，"Ican'ttalktoyouonthe（7）anymorebecauseIcan'tseeyoureyes，andsoIamnotsurewhenyouarelyingtome."That（8）shockedme，becauseIdidn'tknowheknewIhadbeenlyingtohim，andhewaswillingtoendour（9）forthoselies.I（10）atthatmomentthatIwouldneverlietohimagain.Itwasa（11）transition（转变）tomakebecauseIwasusedtoexaggerating（夸大）experiencestogetattention.Butbecauseofhim，Imadeadealwithmyselfnevertotellanylieagain（12）histrustinmewasrebuilt.ThatwashowIlearnedthe（13）ofhonesty.feltmore（14）whenItoldthetruth.AsMerlinsaidinamovie，"whenamanlies，hemurderssomepartoftheworld."Itis（15）.（1）A．prideB．reliefC．careD．fun（2）A．blamingB．lyingC．strugglingD．designing（3）A．changedB．spreadC．returnedD．completed（4）A．helpedoutB．putawayC．lookeduptoD．caughtupwith（5）A．ordersB．storiesC．poemsD．songs（6）A．thoughB．whileC．becauseD．but（7）A．stagB．groundC．phoneD．street（8）A．nearlyB．graduallyC．slowlyD．really（9）A．friendshipB．journeyC．loveD．discussion（10）A．provedB．promisedC．prayedD．imagined（11）A．hardB．smoothC．frequentD．violent（12）A．AtonceB．AtfirstC．ForlongD．Intime（13）A．costB．traditionC．valueD．condition（14）A．lonelyB．carefulC．powerfulD．independent（15）A．trueB．luckyC．possibleD．silly三．阅读理解（共2小题）12．（2023•龙川县校级模拟）LiuYang，China'sfirstfemaleastronaut，reportedly，hastouchedtheheartsofmillionswithalettertohertwochildrenthatwasmadepublicaftershesetoffintospaceforthesecondtimeearlierthismonth."You'remystrongestarmor（盔甲）andsoftestspot.Ididn'tallowyoutoseemeoffatthelaunchsitebecauseIwasafraidthatIwouldburstintotears，"Liuwroteinthelettertoherdaughter，8，andson，6，justdaysbeforebeinglaunchedintospaceforthesecondtimeonJune5ontheShenzhouXIVmission.Liu，43，becameChina'sfirstfemaleastronautin2012，whenshespent13daysinspaceduringtheShenzhouIXmission.DuringtheShenzhouXIVmission，shewillstayattheTiangongspacestationforsixmonths，workingwithtwomalecolleaguestocompletetheconstructionofthestation.ManypeoplesaidthatLiu'swordsallowedthemtoseethatanationalheroisalsoanordinarymother，andtheywishedforhersafereturn."Liufullyexpressedherloveforherchildrenintheletter.Itbroughttearstomyeyes，"commentedonenetizenonSinaWeibo，China'sTwitter﹣likemicro﹣bloggingplatform."Ifeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed，"LiutoldthemediaaheadofthelaunchoftheShenzhouXIVmission."WhenIwasabouttoreturntotheorbitalmoduleduringtheShenzhouIXmission，Istoppedandturnedaroundtosalute（致敬）theexperimentalspacestationmodulethatIstayedin.Atthatmoment，ItoldmyselfthatIwouldcomebacktospaceinthenearfuture.Ididn'texpectthe'nearfuture'tobeadecadelong，"Liusaid.Intheletter，sheencouragedherchildrennottobeafraidoffailurewhilepursuingtheirdreams.Liuaddedthatshefeltsorrythatshecouldnotbethereforhersononhisfirstdayatprimaryschool."AlthoughIcannotbewithyou，Iwon'tloveyouanyless，"shewroteintheletter."Mybabies，ifyoumissme，justlookupintothestarrysky.Everytimeyouseethestarstwinkle，it'sbecauseI'msaying'Iloveyou'."（1）WhatisthecommonreasonforLiu'sandnetizen'stears？A．Liu'saffectionforherchildren.B．Liu'sindifferentexpressions.C．Liu'sseparationfromherfamily.D．Liu'srefusaltomeetwithherkids.（2）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiutakingovertheShenzhouXIVmission？A．Considerateandexcited.B．Talkativeandexpectant.C．Readyandhonest.D．Confidentandequipped.（3）WhatisLiu'spurposeofwritingthisletter？A．Toencouragekidstotry.B．Tosaygoodbyetoherchildren.C．Tocatchpublicattention.D．Topraisethespiritofspace.（4）Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken？A．Asciencemagazine.B．Awomanautobiography.C．AChinesetextbook.D．Anewscoverage.13．（2023春•武强县校级期末）IhaveneverunderstoodwhywekeepagardenandwhyyearsagowhenIboughtmyfirsthouse，Istarteddiggingupasmalllandforvegetablesbeforedoinganythingelse.Itissoeasyandcheaptobuycarrots；whyraisethem？WhenAprilcomes，Ialwaysfindmyselflookingatthatmiserableland，resolvingnottoplantitagain.Butunavoidablyamorningarriveswhen，justasIamawakening，arefreshingscent，asiffromtheverycenterofthisplanet，comesthroughthewindow.Andthesunsuddenly，seemstohaveadifferent，deeperyellowinitslightonthecarpet.Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil，itisrealconflict.Thequestionisthesameeachyear—whatmethodshouldweuse？Thelastfewyearsweputblackplasticbetweentherows，anditworkedperfectly.Butplasticlookssoindustrial，sounromantic，thatIhavegraduallymovedovertohay.Wecutalotofhayanditdoesimprovethesoil.Besides，itlookslovelyandcomestousfree.Theattractionsofgardening，Ithink，atleastforsomegardeners，aremoral.Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp，youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.Also，yourparentalinstinctcomesintoplaybecausehelplesslivingthingsaredependingonyou，requiringtrainingandprotectionfromenemies.Insomecases，aswithbeansandcucumbers，yourchildren—asitwere，begintoturnupononyouingreatnumbers，growingmoreandmoreeachmorningandthreateningtofollowyouintothehouse.（1）Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph？A．Healwayslikesbuyingcarrots.B．HealwaysmakesdecisionsinApril.C．Hetakesgoodcareofthesmallland.D．Heenjoysthegardeninspring.（2）Whatdrovetheauthortoabandonplastic？A．Highprice.B．Environmentalconcern.C．Poorfunction.D．Personalpreference.（3）Whydoestheauthorsaytheattractionsofgardeningaremoral？A．Gardeningrequireswisdom.B．Gardeningoffersmoraladvice.C．Gardeningimprovesparenting.D．Gardeningbringsspiritualcontent.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A．ToGardenorNotB．WhatIGardenforC．HowtoGardenD．WisdomfromGardens四．其他阅读题型（共1小题）14．（2024秋•海淀区校级期中）Itwasn'tlongafterIfinishedhighschoolthatIassuredmyparentstheyneedn'tworryaboutmyexpensesanymore.Iwasdeterminedtoliveindependentlyandmakethemproud.Mygoalwastosecureajobimmediatelyaftergraduationandcontributefinanciallytomyfamily.Withdreamsofabrightfuturedancinginmyeyes，Ibeganapplyingforcourseswithscholarshipsandjobsinmyfieldofinterest.However，duetofinancialandmedicalsetbacks，Ifacednothingbutrejections.Undeterred，Ipersistedinmyapplications，onlytobeturneddowneachtime.Afternumerousattempts，Ireluctantlyabandonedmyinitialdreamsandambitions，decidingtoswitchtoanotherfield.Mysoleobjectivebecametocompletemystudiesasquicklyaspossible，andso，onmyfriends'advice，Ichosetostudytourism.Inparallel，Icontinuedtoapplyforjobs，butwasconsistentlydeniedduetobeingtooyoungorbecauseIwantedtostudyalongsideworking.Whilemypeersweresecuringgoodpositions，Istruggledtomakeendsmeetandhadtoaskmyparentsforfinancialsupport.Peoplebegantoridiculeme，sayingthingslike."Youcan'tdoanything，"or"You'restilllivingoffyourparentswhileothersyouragearestandingontheirowntwofeet."Inearlylosthope，butmyparentsalwaysreassuredmeoftheirpride，regardlessofwhetherIhadajobornot.TheybelievedthingswouldturnaroundandknewIwasdoingmybest.Aftersixmonthsofrelentlesseffort，Ifinallylandedajobwith，theMinistryofTourism.Myfather'swordscametrueandmylifetookaturnforthebetter，IaccomplishedthingsIneverthoughtpossible，fromdivingandtravelingtoresortsandislandswithinourcountry.Afterninemonthsofworkingthere，mydreamoftravelingabroadcametrue.Today，IaminEurope，studyingonascholarshipandhavingvisitedeightdifferentcountriessofar.Interestingly，theparentsofthosewhooncemockedmenowholdmeupasanexampletotheirownchildren.Iamincrediblyfortunateandgratefulformylovingandsupportiveparents；withouttheirencouragement，Iwouldnothaveachievedanyofthis.Theirfaithinmewasthedrivingforcethathelpedmeovercomeadversityandrealizemypotential.（1）Whatwastheauthor'sgoalrightaftergraduatingfromhighschool？（2）Whydidtheauthorchoosetostudytourism？（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Whenpeoplelaughedatme，Inearlylosthope，butmyparentsbelievedIwasdoingmybestandaskedmetoacceptwhatIwas.（4）Pleaseintroduceoneofyourexperiencesofgettingfamilysupportwhenyouwerefacedwithdifficulties.（Inabout40words）五．书面表达（共1小题）15．（2024•吉州区校级三模）高中三年即将结束，回顾丰富多彩的校园生活，哪一次校园活动给你留下了美好而深刻的印象呢？请你以"TheMostImpressiveSchoolActivity"为题，根据以下提示写一篇短文，向校刊投稿。内容包括：（1）介绍活动过程；（2）分享个人感受。注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右。（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。TheMostImpressiveSchoolActivity

2024-2025学年外研社版高三（上）英语寒假作业（十一）参考答案与试题解析题号12345678910答案CBDDCBABAC一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2023秋•越秀区校级期中）________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.（）A．Anyone B．Theperson C．Whoever D．Who【答案】C【分析】任何人最后一个出去应该要关灯。【解答】句意：任何人最后一个出去应该要关灯。此空引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示"任何人"应用whoever。A、B选项应改为Anyonewho和Thepersonwho，whoever任何人符合语境。故选：C。【点评】主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。2．（2011•西城区二模）leftthedoorunlockedmustbeheldresponsiblefortheaccident．（）A．Whomever B．Whoever C．Whatever D．Whenever【答案】B【分析】无论谁只要没有锁门的人就必须对这次事故负责．【解答】答案B．分析句子结构可知，整个句子的谓语动词为"mustbeheldresponsiblefor"，"空格处leftthedoorunlocked"为主语部分即主语从句，分析主语从句中结构，谓语为"left"，之前缺少主语而且指人，因此这里应该用连接代词，从而排除D项和C项（Whatever指物不指人）；A项"Whomever"在句中作宾语或表语，不能做主语，从而排除A；因此B项符合语境，故选B．【点评】本题考查名词性从句．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意和分析句子结构，判断是哪一种从句，然后分析从句中的成分，如果从句中不缺主宾表等成分，则应根据句意来锁定连接词．3．（2022秋•河东区校级期末）________theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweekisbadnewsforus．（）A．As B．If C．Whether D．That【答案】D【分析】考查主语从句，句意：天气到下周才会晴，这对我们来说是个坏消息．【解答】theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweek天气到下周才会晴，这是事实，所以排除B和C选项，此句作主语，排除A选项，as不引导主语从句，此句是完整句子，不缺少句子成分，所以用that．引导主语从句，that在从句中不作成分，无含义．答案为D。【点评】弄清句子结构，理清连接词的含义及功能．4．（2017秋•无锡期中）saysthatschoolyearsarethebesttimeofone'slifeisprobablyanadult﹣onewho'sforgottenthehardworkofbeingatschool．（）A．Whatever B．Whichever C．Whomever D．Whoever【答案】D【分析】凡是说学校年是一生中最好的时光的人，可能是一个成年人忘记了在学校的辛苦学习．【解答】分析句子成分可知is前面是主语从句，从句缺少主语，用whoever引导，相当于anyonewho，whatever凡是…的东西；whichever凡是哪一个；whomever在从句中作宾语．故选：D。【点评】本题考查名词性从句，首先判断属于哪种名词性从句，再判断从句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主宾表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑问词根据句意判断．5．thegreatChinesepoetwasbornisunknowntothepublic.（）A．If B．As C．Where D．What【答案】C【分析】公众不知道这位伟大的中国诗人在哪里出生的。【解答】这里使用连接词连接主语从句，因为主语从句不缺主宾表，不能用what，而且根据句意可知用where引导。故选：C。【点评】解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型，要分析句子结构，理解句意，考虑语境，选择恰当词。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证，得出答案。6．（2020•天津模拟）Whenthesun'srayshittheearth，alotofheatbackintospace．（）A．arereflected B．isreflected C．reflects D．werereflected【答案】B【分析】太阳光线照射到地球时，大量的热被反射向太空．【解答】根据时间状语可知，本句描述的是自然现象，所以应该用一般过去时态，heat和reflect是被动关系，主语是第三人称单数，所以用isreflected．故选：B．【点评】一般现在时，表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的动作或状态，或者动作有时间规律发生的事件的一种时间状态．在英语语法中，"时"指动作发生的时间，"态"指动作的样子和状态．7．Inourcompany，onlyafewareforthedecision，buttherest______allagainstit.（）A．are B．being C．hasbeen D．is【答案】A【分析】在我们公司，只有一部分人同意这个决定，但其余的人都反对这个决议。【解答】根据上文的are和句意可知，用一般现在时，主语therest指代therestofpeople，其后谓语动词和people一致，选择复数形式。故选：A。【点评】考查动词时态。学生需正确理解句意，根据关键词句判断句子时态，从而使用动词的正确形式，判断主语单复数，从而确定谓语形式。8．Youmustkeepit_______inmindthateducationisthefirstproductivity.（）A．mildly B．firmly C．tightly D．roughly【答案】B【分析】你必须牢牢记住教育是第一生产力。【解答】A.mildly温和地；善良地；B.firmly坚定地；牢固地；C.tightly紧紧地；D.roughly粗略地。根据短语"keepinmind"可知，"firmly坚定地；牢固地"符合句意。故选：B。【点评】解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型，要分析句子结构，理解句意，考虑语境，选择合适选项。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证，得出答案。9．（2012•安徽）Walmart，whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains，someofitsstoreopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays．（）A．keeps B．keep C．havekept D．hadkept【答案】A【分析】沃尔玛，美国最大的连锁超市之一，从周一到周六它的一些超市24小时开门．【解答】which引导的非限制性定语从句．由于主语Walmart是单三，排除B，整句陈述的是事实。故选：A。【点评】考查动词词义辨析．主要要弄清句意、时态及动词的意思．10．﹣WhatisMsLanelike？﹣Well，sheisefficientandhasanenormousforhardwork.（）A．attempt B．preference C．capacity D．confidence【答案】C【分析】﹣﹣Lane女士是什么样的人？﹣﹣嗯，她工作效率很高，特别能吃苦耐劳。【解答】A.attempt努力，试图；B.preference喜好，偏爱；C.capacity多用于人，指胜任某项具体工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力；D.confidence信心。hasanenormouscapacity意为"特别能吃苦耐劳"。故选：C。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。二．完形填空（共1小题）11．WhenIwasinelementaryschool，Ienjoyedtellinglies.Thatwasalotof（1）D.AsIgotolder，my（2）Bcontinued.Ienjoyedpeople'sreactionstomyseeminglyamazinglife.ButwhenIwas15，thatall（3）AImetsomeoneIreally（4）C，whoputmeonthepathtohonesty.Inmyusualfashion，Itoldhimliesjustliketellingotherpeople.Imadeup（5）Btogethimtobemoreinterestedinme（6）CIwasn'tsureifthetruthwouldbeenoughtomakehimwanttocontinueworkingwithme.Butheknewmesowell.Onedayhetoldme，"Ican'ttalktoyouonthe（7）CanymorebecauseIcan'tseeyoureyes，andsoIamnotsurewhenyouarelyingtome."That（8）Dshockedme，becauseIdidn'tknowheknewIhadbeenlyingtohim，andhewaswillingtoendour（9）Aforthoselies.I（10）BatthatmomentthatIwouldneverlietohimagain.Itwasa（11）Atransition（转变）tomakebecauseIwasusedtoexaggerating（夸大）experiencestogetattention.Butbecauseofhim，Imadeadealwithmyselfnevertotellanylieagain（12）Dhistrustinmewasrebuilt.ThatwashowIlearnedthe（13）Cofhonesty.feltmore（14）CwhenItoldthetruth.AsMerlinsaidinamovie，"whenamanlies，hemurderssomepartoftheworld."Itis（15）A.（1）A．prideB．reliefC．careD．fun（2）A．blamingB．lyingC．strugglingD．designing（3）A．changedB．spreadC．returnedD．completed（4）A．helpedoutB．putawayC．lookeduptoD．caughtupwith（5）A．ordersB．storiesC．poemsD．songs（6）A．thoughB．whileC．becauseD．but（7）A．stagB．groundC．phoneD．street（8）A．nearlyB．graduallyC．slowlyD．really（9）A．friendshipB．journeyC．loveD．discussion（10）A．provedB．promisedC．prayedD．imagined（11）A．hardB．smoothC．frequentD．violent（12）A．AtonceB．AtfirstC．ForlongD．Intime（13）A．costB．traditionC．valueD．condition（14）A．lonelyB．carefulC．powerfulD．independent（15）A．trueB．luckyC．possibleD．silly【答案】（1）﹣（5）DBACB（6）﹣（10）CCDAB（11）﹣（15）ADCCA【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者因为撒谎差点失去友谊，又因为不再撒谎而重获信任的故事，让作者最终明白了诚实的价值。【解答】（1）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.pride骄傲；B.relief救济，减轻；C.care关心；D.fun乐趣。句意：那很有趣。根据上文"Ienjoyedtellinglies.我喜欢说谎。"可知"我"认为说谎很有乐趣。故答案为D。（2）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.blaming归咎，责备，谴责；B.lying撒谎；C.struggling挣扎，努力；D.designing设计。句意：随着年龄的增长，我继续撒谎。根据下文"Ienjoyedpeople'sreactionstomyseeminglyamazinglife.我很享受人们对我看似精彩的生活的反应。"可知作者长大一些后，依然在继续撒谎。故答案为B。（3）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.changed改变；B.spread传播；C.returned返回；D.completed完成。句意：但当我15岁时，一切都变了。根据下文"putmeonthepathtohonesty让我走上诚实之路"可知在作者15岁时，以前爱撒谎的习惯改变了。故答案为A。（4）C.考查动词短语词义的辨析。A.helpedout帮助...摆脱困难；B.putaway放好，拋弃，储存；C.lookedupto尊敬，敬仰；D.caughtupwith赶上。句意：我遇到了一个我非常敬仰的人，他让我走上了诚实的道路。根据下文"putmeonthepathtohonesty.让我走上诚实之路"以及语境分析可知作者对于这个帮助自己走上诚实之路的人充满了感激、尊敬，结合选项可知答案为C。（5）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.orders顺，命令，订单；B.stories故事；C.poems诗；D.songs歌曲。句意：我编了一些故事来让他对我更感兴趣，因为我不确定真相是否足以让他愿意继续和我交往。根据前文作者以前爱撒谎的细节描述及谓语（madeup）与宾语语义上的合理搭配可知此处指"我编故事（说谎）来引起别人的兴趣。故答案为B。（6）C.考查连词及语境理解。A.though尽管；B.while当...时，与此同时；C.because因为；D.but但是。句意：我编了一些故事来让他对我更感兴趣，因为我不确定真相是否足以让他愿意继续和我交往。分析空格前后句的句意可知后一句是前一句的原因。故答案为C。（7）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.stage阶段，舞台；B.ground地面，土地；C.phone电话；D.street街道。句意：有一天他告诉我，"我不能再和你通电话了，因为我看不见你的眼睛，所以我不确定你什么时候在骗我。"根据下文"Ican'tseeyoureyes我看不见你的眼睛"可知此处作者与这个人并不是面对面的沟通谈话，结合选项可知C选项与空格前的词构成的onthephone（通过电话）与此处分析一致。故答案为C。（8）D.考查副词及语境理解。A.nearly差不多，几乎，密切地；B.gradually逐渐地，C.slowly慢慢地；D.really真地。句意：这真的让我很震惊，因为我不知道他知道我一直在对他撒谎，而且他竟然因为这些谎言而结束我们的友谊。根据下文"Ididn'tknowheknewIhadbeenlyingtohim我不知道他知道我一直在对他撒谎"可知当我听到他说不愿意继续和我沟通时，我感到十分震惊，结合选项可知答案为D。（9）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.friendship友谊；B.journey旅程；C.love爱；D.discussion讨论。句意：这真的让我很震惊，因为我不知道他知道我一直在对他撒谎，而且他竟然因为这些谎言而结束我们的友谊。根据前文"workingwithme"再结合语境可知作者与这个人在平时的工作沟通中建立了友谊，此处指这个人要结束与作者之间的友谊。故答案为A。（10）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.proved证明；B.promised承诺；C.prayed祈祷；D.imagined想象。句意：我在那一刻向他承诺我再也不骗他了。根据下文"Imadeadealwithmyselfnevertotellanylieagain.我跟自己约定再也不说谎了。"可知此处指作者给这个人承诺再也不说谎了。故答案为B。（11）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.hard艰难的；B.smooth顺滑的；C.frequent流利的；D.violent暴力的。句意：这是一个艰难的转变，因为我习惯了夸大经历来获得关注。根据下文"Iwasusedtoexaggerating（夸大）experiencestogetattention.我习惯了夸大经历来获得关注。"可知说谎已经习以为常了，故要改变是十分艰难的。故答案为A。（12）D.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.Atonce立刻；B.Atfirst首先；C.Forlong长久；D.Intime及时，最终。句意：最终，他对我的信任得以重建。根据下文"histrustinmewasrebuilt.他对我的信任得以重建。"再结合上文我对他承诺再也不撒谎了可知此处指最终他对我的信任得以重建。故答案为D。（13）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.cost花费；B.tradition传统；C.value价值；D.condition条件。句意：这就是我如何学会了诚实的价值。根据前文作者因为撒谎差点失去友谊，又因为不再撒谎而重获信任的细节可知此处指作者明白了诚实的价值。故答案为C。（14）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.lonely寂寞的，偏僻的；B.careful仔细的；小心的；C.powerful强大的，强有力的；D.independent独立的。句意：当我说出真相时，我感到更有力量。根据前文作者意识到诚实的价值等细节再结合语境可知此处作者认为说出真相会更加地有底气、有力量。故答案为C。（15）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.true真的；B.lucky幸运的；C.possible可能的；D.silly傻的。句意：这是真的。前文引用电影中的句子"whenamanlies，hemurderssomepartoftheworld.当一个人说谎时，他就失去了世界的一部分。"表达作者的观点，可知作者对这句话表示赞同。故答案为A。【点评】完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。它题材广泛，体裁多样。文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强，具有鲜明的时代感，包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等。三．阅读理解（共2小题）12．（2023•龙川县校级模拟）LiuYang，China'sfirstfemaleastronaut，reportedly，hastouchedtheheartsofmillionswithalettertohertwochildrenthatwasmadepublicaftershesetoffintospaceforthesecondtimeearlierthismonth."You'remystrongestarmor（盔甲）andsoftestspot.Ididn'tallowyoutoseemeoffatthelaunchsitebecauseIwasafraidthatIwouldburstintotears，"Liuwroteinthelettertoherdaughter，8，andson，6，justdaysbeforebeinglaunchedintospaceforthesecondtimeonJune5ontheShenzhouXIVmission.Liu，43，becameChina'sfirstfemaleastronautin2012，whenshespent13daysinspaceduringtheShenzhouIXmission.DuringtheShenzhouXIVmission，shewillstayattheTiangongspacestationforsixmonths，workingwithtwomalecolleaguestocompletetheconstructionofthestation.ManypeoplesaidthatLiu'swordsallowedthemtoseethatanationalheroisalsoanordinarymother，andtheywishedforhersafereturn."Liufullyexpressedherloveforherchildrenintheletter.Itbroughttearstomyeyes，"commentedonenetizenonSinaWeibo，China'sTwitter﹣likemicro﹣bloggingplatform."Ifeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed，"LiutoldthemediaaheadofthelaunchoftheShenzhouXIVmission."WhenIwasabouttoreturntotheorbitalmoduleduringtheShenzhouIXmission，Istoppedandturnedaroundtosalute（致敬）theexperimentalspacestationmodulethatIstayedin.Atthatmoment，ItoldmyselfthatIwouldcomebacktospaceinthenearfuture.Ididn'texpectthe'nearfuture'tobeadecadelong，"Liusaid.Intheletter，sheencouragedherchildrennottobeafraidoffailurewhilepursuingtheirdreams.Liuaddedthatshefeltsorrythatshecouldnotbethereforhersononhisfirstdayatprimaryschool."AlthoughIcannotbewithyou，Iwon'tloveyouanyless，"shewroteintheletter."Mybabies，ifyoumissme，justlookupintothestarrysky.Everytimeyouseethestarstwinkle，it'sbecauseI'msaying'Iloveyou'."（1）WhatisthecommonreasonforLiu'sandnetizen'stears？AA．Liu'saffectionforherchildren.B．Liu'sindifferentexpressions.C．Liu'sseparationfromherfamily.D．Liu'srefusaltomeetwithherkids.（2）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiutakingovertheShenzhouXIVmission？DA．Considerateandexcited.B．Talkativeandexpectant.C．Readyandhonest.D．Confidentandequipped.（3）WhatisLiu'spurposeofwritingthisletter？BA．Toencouragekidstotry.B．Tosaygoodbyetoherchildren.C．Tocatchpublicattention.D．Topraisethespiritofspace.（4）Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken？DA．Asciencemagazine.B．Awomanautobiography.C．AChinesetextbook.D．Anewscoverage.【答案】ADBD【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国第一位女性宇航员刘洋，在第二次升空后给孩子留的信感动了数百万人的故事。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段You'remystrongestarmorandsoftestspot.Ididn'tallowyoutoseemeoffatthelaunchsitebecauseIwasafraidthatIwouldburstintotears（你是我最坚强的盔甲，也是我最柔软的地方。我不让你去发射场为我送行，因为我怕我会哭出来）以及第五段Liufullyexpressedherloveforherchildrenintheletter.Itbroughttearstomyeyes（刘在信中充分表达了她对孩子们的爱，这让我热泪盈眶）可知，使刘洋和网友流泪的主要原因是刘洋对她孩子的深深的爱。故选A。（2）推理判断题。根据第六段Ifeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed（我感到更加自信和放松）以及第七段IstoppedandturnedaroundtosalutetheexperimentalspacestationmodulethatIstayedin.Atthatmoment，ItoldmyselfthatIwouldcomebacktospaceinthenearfuture.Ididn'texpectthe'nearfuture'tobeadecadelong（我停下脚步，转过身来，向我所在的空间站实验舱致敬。在那一刻，我告诉自己在不久的将来我会回到太空。我没想到不久的将来会是十年）可知，刘洋对这次任务是自信的而且是做好了准备的。故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Liuaddedthatshefeltsorrythatshecouldnotbethereforhersononhisfirstdayatprimaryschool.（刘补充说，她很遗憾不能在儿子上小学的第一天陪伴在他身边）以及AlthoughIcannotbewithyou，Iwon'tloveyouanyless（虽然我不能和你在一起，但我不会减少对你的爱）可知，刘洋未能在儿子上小学的第一天陪伴在他身边表示遗憾，她写这封信表达了对孩子的爱，并向她的孩子们告别。故选B。（4）推理判断题。根据第一段LiuYang，China'sfirstfemaleastronaut，reportedly，hastouchedtheheartsofmillionswithalettertohertwochildrenthatwasmadepublicaftershesetoffintospaceforthesecondtimeearlierthismonth.（据报道，中国首位女宇航员刘洋在本月早些时候第二次升空后，给两个孩子写了一封信，这封信被公之于众，感动了数百万人的心。）可知，文章最有可能出自新闻报道。故选D。【点评】本文是一篇记叙文阅读。题目涉及细节理解题和推理判断题。做细节理解题时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。13．（2023春•武强县校级期末）IhaveneverunderstoodwhywekeepagardenandwhyyearsagowhenIboughtmyfirsthouse，Istarteddiggingupasmalllandforvegetablesbeforedoinganythingelse.Itissoeasyandcheaptobuycarrots；whyraisethem？WhenAprilcomes，Ialwaysfindmyselflookingatthatmiserableland，resolvingnottoplantitagain.Butunavoidablyamorningarriveswhen，justasIamawakening，arefreshingscent，asiffromtheverycenterofthisplanet，comesthroughthewindow.Andthesunsuddenly，seemstohaveadifferent，deeperyellowinitslightonthecarpet.Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil，itisrealconflict.Thequestionisthesameeachyear—whatmethodshouldweuse？Thelastfewyearsweputblackplasticbetweentherows，anditworkedperfectly.Butplasticlookssoindustrial，sounromantic，thatIhavegraduallymovedovertohay.Wecutalotofhayanditdoesimprovethesoil.Besides，itlookslovelyandcomestousfree.Theattractionsofgardening，Ithink，atleastforsomegardeners，aremoral.Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp，youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.Also，yourparentalinstinctcomesintoplaybecausehelplesslivingthingsaredependingonyou，requiringtrainingandprotectionfromenemies.Insomecases，aswithbeansandcucumbers，yourchildren—asitwere，begintoturnupononyouingreatnumbers，growingmoreandmoreeachmorningandthreateningtofollowyouintothehouse.（1）Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph？DA．Healwayslikesbuyingcarrots.B．HealwaysmakesdecisionsinApril.C．Hetakesgoodcareofthesmallland.D．Heenjoysthegardeninspring.（2）Whatdrovetheauthortoabandonplastic？DA．Highprice.B．Environmentalconcern.C．Poorfunction.D．Personalpreference.（3）Whydoestheauthorsaytheattractionsofgardeningaremoral？DA．Gardeningrequireswisdom.B．Gardeningoffersmoraladvice.C．Gardeningimprovesparenting.D．Gardeningbringsspiritualcontent.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？BA．ToGardenorNotB．WhatIGardenforC．HowtoGardenD．WisdomfromGardens【答案】DDDB【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了作者自己种植蔬菜的原因。【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中WhenAprilcomes，Ialwaysfindmyselflookingatthatmiserableland，resolvingnottoplantitagain.Butunavoidablyamorningarriveswhen，justasIamawakening，arefreshingscent，asiffromtheverycenterofthisplanet，comesthroughthewindow.Andthesunsuddenly，seemstohaveadifferent，deeperyellowinitslightonthecarpet.（每当四月来临的时候，我总是看着那片贫瘠的土地，下定决心不再种植它。但不可避免的是，当我醒来的时候，一股沁人心脾的香味，仿佛来自这个星球的中心，从窗户里飘进来。而太阳突然间，在它照在地毯上的光线中似乎有一种不同的、更深的黄色。）可推知，作者喜欢春天的花园。故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中Thelastfewyearsweputblackplasticbetweentherows，anditworkedperfectly.Butplasticlookssoindustrial，sounromantic，thatIhavegraduallymovedovertohay.（在过去的几年里，我们把黑色的塑料放在两排之间，效果非常好。但是塑料看起来太工业化了，太不浪漫了，所以我逐渐转向干草。）可知，是个人喜好促使作者放弃塑料。故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中Theattractionsofgardening，Ithink，atleastforsomegardeners，aremoral.Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp，youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.（园艺的吸引力，我认为，至少对一些园艺家来说，是道德上的。每当生活看起来毫无意义，难以把握的时候，你总是可以到花园里去做一些事情。）可知，作者说园艺的吸引力是道德层面上的，因为园艺带来精神上的满足。故选D。（4）标题判断题。根据第一段中Ihaveneverunderstood