浙江省丽水市2023年初中学业水平模拟考试英语试卷（一）（解析版）

丽水市2023年初中学业水平模拟考试（一）英语试题注意事项：1．本试卷共四部分，共七大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。2．请务必在答题卡上答题，在试卷上答题无效。3．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。卷I说明：本卷共有三大题，45小题，满分70分。第一部分听力部分一、听力（共15小题；满分25分）第一节：听小对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）()1．Whoiswantedonthephone? A．Astudent. B．Theheadteacher. C．MrGreen.【答案】B【听力】M：Hello!CouldIspeaktotheheadteacher,please?W：I’msorryheisn’thererightnow.CanItakeamessage?()2．HowoftendoesJohnseeamovie? A．Onceaweek. B．Twiceaweek. C．Everyday.【答案】B【听力】W：John,howoftendoyouseeamovie?M：Twiceaweek.()3．WhathappenedtoLinda? A．Herfriendwasupset. B．Herpetdied. C．Shelostherway.【答案】B【听力】M：Hi,Linda.Howarethings?W：Notsogood,mypetfishdiedthismorning.Itmademedown.()4．HowwillthegirlgettoJi’antomorrow? A．Bytrain. B．Bycar. C．Byair.【答案】C【听力】M：ItonlytakesoneandhalfanhourtogettoJi’anifyoutakethehigh-speedtrain.W：Reallycool.ButIhaveorderedtheflightticketfortomorrow.Maybenexttime,Iwillhaveatry.()5．HowlonghasMr.Greenworkedinthisschool? A．In1959. B．Since1995. C．Before1959.【答案】B【听力】W：Excuseme,Mr.Green.Howlonghaveyouworkedinthisschool?M：SinceIgraduatedfromtheteacher’scollege.W：Whendidyougraduate?M：In1995.第二节：听长对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）听下面一段较长对话，回答6、7两个问题。()6．Whatdoestheboyusuallydointheevening? A．WatchesTV. B．Doeshishomework. C．Drawpictures.()7．Whattimedoestheboyusuallygotobed? A．Atabout10：30. B．Atabout9：45. C．Atabout9：30.【答案】6．B

7．C【听力】W：DoyouoftenwatchTVintheevening?M：No.Iusuallydomyhomework.W：Whattimedoyouusuallygotobed?M：Atabouthalfpastnine.W：Oh!Goingtobedearlyisgoodforyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答8~10三个问题。()8．WhatareAliceandJackdoing? A．Talkingonthephone. B．Workingintheoffice. C．Eatingdinner.()9．Howlongistherestaurantopenintheevening? A．Fortwohours. B．Forthreehours. C．Forfourhours.()10．WheredidAlicestayduringtheholiday? A．Inatown. B．Inahotel. C．Inthemountains.【答案】8．A

9．B

10．C【听力】W：Hello.ThisisAlicehereintheoffice.Who’sthat?M：Hello,Alice.ThisisJackinRoom205.Doyouknowwhentherestaurantdownstairsopen?W：Itopensat7：00intheeveningandclosesat10：00.M：Thankyou.Bytheway,Alice,didyouenjoytheholiday?W：Yes,thanks.Wehadagreattime.M：Wheredidyoustay?Inahotel?W：No,wecampedinthemountainsnearasmalltown.M：Wastheweathergood?W：Thesunshonenearlyeverydayanddidn’tevenrain.第三节：听下面一段独白，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）()11．HowmanypairsofsocksdoesNancyhave? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.()12．WhydoesNancylikehersocksverymuch? A．Becausetheyaredifferent. B．Becausetheyarebeautiful. C．Becausetheyareclean.()13．WhatcolourofsocksdoesshewearonThursdays? A．Orange. B．Blue. C．Yellow.()14．WhathappenedtoNancyonthisFriday? A．Nancywokeupat8o’clock. B．Nancythoughtshewouldbelateforschool. C．Nancyworeapairofcleansockstoschool.()15．Whydidherclassmateslaughather A．Becausesheworeadifferentpairofsocks. B．Becausesheworedirtysocks. C．Becauseshewaslateforschool.【答案】11．C

12．B

13．A

14．B

15．A【听力】

MynameisNancy.Ihavefourpairsofsocks.Theyareallbeautiful,soIlikethemverymuch.EverydayIweardifferentsocks.OnMondays,Iweartheredsocks.OnTuesdays,Ichoosetheblueones.OnWednesdays,Iweartheyellowones.AndonThursdaysIweartheorangeones.WhenIgohome,Iusuallytakeoffmysocksandthrowtheminthebathroom.Inevercleanthem.So,onFridays,Imustchooseapairofsocksfromthedirtyones.ItwasFridayagain.WhenIwokeup,itwas7a.m.IthoughtIwouldbelateforschool.ButIdidn’thaveanycleansocks.SoIpickedupapairofsocksandputthemonquickly.Atschool,someclassmateslookedatmyfeetandlaughed.Suddenly,Isawmysocks.“Oh,no!”Isaid.Theyweredifferent.Onewasredandtheotherwasorange.ThenIknewwhytheylaughedatme.第二部分笔试部分二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.Bandpracticehadjustended.JimmyandBenstartedpackinguptheirinstruments.BeforeIcouldputmytrumpetintothecase,amusicstandfellandhitrighton___16___.“Ohno!”Iyelled.Jimmypickedupthetrumpetand___17___it.“Well,italreadyhasmanydents.Onemorewon’t___18___.”“Butit’smygrandpa’s.”Isaid.“He’scomingoverthisweekend.He___19___askedmetoplayforhim.I’msurehe’lldoitthistime.”“Maybehewon’tnoticethedent,”Bensaid.ButwhatifGrandpadidseeit?___20___wasIgoingtotellhimaboutit?Alotof“maybes”wereallIcould____21____onthebushome.MaybeIcouldpretendIdidn’tknowaboutit.Nah,Ididn’tlike___22___.MaybeIcouldgetmybabybrotherJacetotakeallofGrandpa’sattention.WhenSaturdayfinallyarrived,Istillhadn’tfoundoutwhattodo.Afterdinner,Grandpasaid,“Kevin,howaboutsome___23___?”“Um...”IlookedaroundforJace,butMomwasgivinghimabath,___24___Ihadtotakeoutthetrumpet.Iplayed“OdetoJoy,”“YankeeDoodle”...“Ithinkyou’re___25___thanIwasatyourage.”“Grandpasaid.”Anyothertime,Grandpa’spraisewouldhavemademefeelgreat.Butnotthistime.“I’msorryaboutthedent,”Iblurted.Itoldhimwhathadhappened___26___?Tomysurprise,hesmiledandsaid,“Instrumentsbecomepartofyouwhenyouplaythemalot.___27___canalwaysprotectthem.Theimportantthineisthatyoutoldme”“You’renot___28___?”Iasked.Grandpapointedtotheolddentsonthetrumpet.“Thisis___29___anaccidentalbump.Andgotthiswhenitfellontotheground.”“SoI’mnottheonlyclumsyoneinthefamily?”Isaid.Grandpalaughed.“Everydentcantella___30___.Ifyoustickwithit,somedayyou’llhaveatrumpetfullofyourownstories.”“Thankyou,Grandpa.”Iliftedthetrumpetandfilledtheroomwithhappysound.()16．A．it B．me C．him D．them()17．A．played B．repaired C．borrowed D．checked()18．A．help B．finish C．follow D．matter()19．A．never B．seldom C．always D．sometimes()20．A．How B．Why C．Who D．Where()21．A．dependon B．writedown C．dealwith D．thinkabout()22．A．lying B．learning C．talking D．questioning()23．A．news B．music C．movies D．speeches()24．A．so B．or C．if D．for()25．A．braver B．better C．crazier D．luckier()26．A．tiredly B．carelessly C．nervously D．disappointedly()27．A．Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody D．Everybody()28．A．mad B．bored C．scared D．curious()29．A．as B．from C．besides D．against()30．A．joke B．tale C．difference D．problem【答案】16．A

17．D

18．D

19．C

20．A

21．D

22．A

23．B

24．A

25．B

26．C

27．A

28．A

29．B

30．B【解析】本文主要讲述了一则小故事，主人公小号被朋友磕了一下，本来他想不告诉爷爷，但是后来勇于承认了错误，得到了爷爷的肯定。16．句意：我还没来得及把小号放进箱子里，一个乐谱架就掉下来了，正好砸在它上面。it它；me我；him他；them他们。根据文中“amusicstandfellandhitrighton”以及后文可知，乐谱架正好砸在了小号上面，故用it代替小号。故选A。17．句意：吉米捡起小号并检查了一下它。played玩；repaired修理；borrowed借；checked核对，检查。根据后文“Well,italreadyhasmanydents.”它已经有很多凹痕，可知吉米是捡起来检查了一下。故选D。18．句意：再来一次就不行了。help帮助；finish完成；follow跟随；matter有关系。根据文中“Onemorewon’t”可知想表达一次没关系，再来一次就不行了，故用matter。故选D。19．句意：他总是要求我为了他吹。never从不；seldom很少；always总是；sometimes有时候。根据后文“I’msurehe’lldoitthistime.”我确信这次他还会这样做，可知以前爷爷总是会要求我吹，故用always。故选C。20．句意：但是如果爷爷看到了？我要如何告诉他这件事？How如何；Why为什么；Who谁；Where哪儿。根据文中前文，怕爷爷发现，所以不知如何告诉，故用How。故选A。21．句意：坐在公交车回家的路上，我把可能的都考虑了一遍。dependon依赖，依靠；writedown记下；dealwith处理，应对；thinkabout思考，考虑。推测文中意思，显然是考虑各种可能。故选D。22．句意：我不喜欢撒谎。lying撒谎；learning学习；talking说话；questioning问题。因为作者想了很多可能性，可知作者是不想说谎。故选A。23．句意：晚饭过后，爷爷说：“凯文，来点音乐怎么样？”news新闻；music音乐；movies；speeches演讲。根据后文“Ihadtotakeoutthetrumpet.Iplayed“OdetoJoy,”“YankeeDoodle”...”可知，爷爷是想听点音乐。故选B。24．句意：我四处找Jace，但是妈妈正在给他洗澡，所以我不得不拿出我的小号。so所以，那么；or或者；if如果；for为了。根据文中表达，我找Jace，他不在，我才不得不拿出来，因此用连词so，符合题意。故选A。25．句意：我认为你比我在你那个年龄更好。braver更勇敢；better更好；crazier更疯狂；luckier更幸运。根据后文“Anyothertime,Grandpa’spraisewouldhavemademefeelgreat.Butnotthistime.”可知，作者对于爷爷的表扬不好意思，所以当时爷爷夸作者比他那时候更好，故用better。故选B。26．句意：我紧张地告诉他发生了什么事情了？tiredly劳累地；carelessly粗心地；nervously紧张地；disappointedly失望地。根据当时的情况，可推测得知当时特别紧张。故选C。27．句意：没人能一直保护他们。Nobody没人；Anybody任何人；Somebody某人；Everybody每个人。根据爷爷当时说的话，显然可知是没人能一直保护他们。故选A。28．句意：“你没有生气吗？”我问道。mad生气的；bored无聊的；scared恐惧的；curious好奇的。根据当时情况，作者特别怕爷爷生气，所以当爷爷讲完道理没生气的时候，特别惊讶。故问爷爷没生气吗。故选A。29．句意：这是一个意外的碰撞。as当做；from来自……；besides此外；against反对。根据题的描述和推测，可知爷爷想表达这是来自一次意外的碰撞。故选B。30．句意：每一个凹痕都能告诉我们一个故事。joke故事；tale故事；difference不同；problem问题。根据后文“Ifyoustickwithit,somedayyou’llhaveatrumpetfullofyourownstories.”可知爷爷想表达，每个凹痕都告诉我们一个故事。故选B。三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A()31．Ifaschoolsubscribes10copiesamonthofStorytimeforayear,itwillpay________. A．£38 B．£38.99 C．£340 D．£2400()32．Whichwordcanbeputin________inthepassage? A．Ways. B．Times. C．Places. D．Reasons.()33．AfterachildsubscribesStorytime,hecan________. A．receiveeachmagazineinabox B．getteachingresourcespackages C．enjoyclassicstorieseverymonth D．haveabigdiscountwhilepaying【答案】31．C

32．D

33．C【解析】本文是关于Storytime的一则广告。31．细节理解题。根据“12MonthSubscription：...10copiesamonth￡340”可知，如果一所学校在一年内每月订阅10份Storytime，它就会付费340英镑，故选C。32．推理判断题。根据“...ofSubscribingStorytime”下面的内容可知，这里是介绍订阅Storytime的原因，故选D。33．细节理解题。根据“StorytimeisoneoftheUK’sleadingkidsmagazines—packedwithnewandclassicstories,awesomeanimals...”可知，孩子订阅Storytime后，可以享受每个月的经典故事，故选C。BFeelingsweatyfromasummerheatwave?Don’tworry—notallyoursweat*hastogotowaste.ResearchersfromUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegohavedevelopedanewdevice*thatproducesenergyfromthesweatonyourfingertips.Thedeviceiscalledabiofuelcell(BFC).Fromtheoutside,itlookslikeasimplepieceoffilmconnectedtoelectrodes.Sohowdoesthedevicework?Whenyoustickthebiofuelcelltoyourfinger,ittakesinsweat.Theenzymes*ontheelectrodesthenhelptoproduceelectricity.Besidesusingthesweat,thedevicealsoproducessmallamountsofenergywhenitispressed,sodailyactivitiesliketyping,texting,orplayingthepianoareallgoodwaystogenerateelectricity.Somepeoplemaythinkitqueertochoosefingertipsasthesourceofsweat,butinfact,theyarethesweatiestpartofthebody.Eachfingerproducesbetween100and1,000timesmoresweatthanmostotherareas.Todate,thedeviceisthemosteffectiveon—bodyenergyproducer.Beforeitisinvented,mostpowerproducingwearabledevicesrequirewearerstoperformexerciseordependonothersources,suchassunlightorlargechangesintemperature.Butthenewdeviceusesapassivesystemtoproduceelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips.evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystill.OneoftheresearchersLuYinsaid,“Uniikeothersweat—poweredwearablesthisonerequiresnoexercise,nophysicalinputfromthewearerinordertobeuseful.Thisworkisastepforwardtomakingwearablesmorepractical,convenientandaccessible.”It’salsoquitecomfortabletowearthedevice.Thesizeofthedeviceisabout1cm².Itsmaterialisflexibleaswell.“Soyoudon’tneedtoworryaboutitbeingtoorigidorfeelingstrange.Youcancomfortablywearitforalongperiodoftime,”saidYin.However,atthemoment,thedevicecanonlystoreupalittlebitpower,andwouldtakeaboutthreeweeksofconstantweartopowerasmartphone,buttheresearchershopetoincreaseitspowerinthefuture.()34．Abiofuelcellcan________. A．protectfingertips B．causeaheatwave C．makeuseofsweat D．developnewdevices()35．Theunderlinedword“queer”probablymeans________. A．strange B．unsafe C．dirty D．traditional()36．Whilewearingthebiofuelcell,whocanmakethebiofuelcellwork?①Edwardhasagoodsleepinhisbed.②Bettysendsatextmessagetohermom.③Nickplaysbasketballwithhisclassmates④Lilydriesthesweatonherhandswithafan. A．②③④ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．①②③()37．Whatistheadvantageofthebiofuelcell? A．Itcaninfluencethetemperaturegreatly. B．Itcanpowerasmartphoneinaday. C．Itmakesyoucomfortablewhenyou’reinpain. D．Itworksfornearly24hoursadaywhenyouwearit.【答案】34．C

35．A

36．D

37．D【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了新科技生物燃料电池。34．推理判断题。根据“Whenyoustickthebiofuelcelltoyourfinger,ittakesinsweat.”和“Besidesusingthesweat,thedevicealsoproducessmallamountsofenergywhenitispressed”可知，生物燃料电池可以利用汗水。故选C。35．词义猜测题。根据“choosefingertipsasthesourceofsweat”和“butinfact,theyarethesweatiestpartofthebody.”可知，人们普遍认为指尖的汗水比较少，所以利用指尖的汗水作为来源对人们来说是很奇怪的，故选A。36．推理判断题。根据“sodailyactivitiesliketyping,texting,orplayingthepianoareallgoodwaystogenerateelectricity”和“Butthenewdeviceusesapassivesystemtoproduceelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips,evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystul.”可知，人们日常睡觉，发信息还有运动都会让生物燃料电池运转，故选D。37．推理判断题。根据“Youcancomfortablywearitforalongperiodoftime”可知，当你戴着它的时候，它几乎一天24小时都在工作。故选D。CInmostcitiesyougoto,youwillseewallsoutsidecoveredwithpaintingsofnamesandpictures.Thisiscalledgraffiti.Somepeoplelikethesepaintings,butothersdonot.Peoplewholikethemseethisgraffitiasart,butothersbelieveitmakescitieslookterribleandthatthepeoplewhodoitshouldbearrested.ThesedaysintheUKtherearestilllotsofplaceswhereyoucanpaintgraffitibecausemostpeoplelikegraffitithathasalotofbeautifulcolors.▲?ThereareexamplesofveryoldgraffitifromGreekandRomancultures.However,moderngraffitistartedinNewYorkintheearly1970s.Itcamefrompartsofthecityandthepeoplewhowroteitwereoftenteenagers.Graffitiisstillpartofthecitycultureinmanyplacesintheworldtoday.BanksyisanEngland-basedgraffitiartist.Hisartisadmiredaroundtheworld.Hispaintingsusuallyhaveapoliticalmessage.AlthoughBanksyhasbecomeveryfamous,nobodyknowswhohereallyis.Banksy’sartissopopularthatpeoplesometimestrytostealitsothattheycansellitatahighprice.ThismakesBanksyangrybecausethemessagesinhisartareagainsttheideaofmoney.Insomecities,touristscantakegraffititours.OneofthesecitiesisBogotainColombia.ThereisalotofbeautifulgraffitiinBogotaandmuchofitshowsthehistoryofthecountryorhasapoliticalmessage.Youcanalsoseepartsofthecitytouristsdonotusuallygoto.Thetourisverypopularandisalsofree.However,theyaskyoutodonatesomemoneyifyoulikethetour.TheyusethismoneytohelppoorColombianartists.()38．Graffitiisakindof________. A．citywalls B．wallpaintings C．publicservices D．beautifulcolors()39．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttopicsentenceofparagraph3? A．Whocreatedgraffiti B．Wherecanyouenjoygraffiti C．Whendidgraffitibegin D．Whyisgraffitipopulararoundtheworld()40．WhatmakesthegraffitiartistBanksyangry? A．Nobodyknowswhohereallyis. B．Somepeoplemakemoneywithhisart. C．Peoplemisunderstandhispoliticalmessages. D．Otherpeopledisagreewithhisideaofmoney.()41．IftouriststakegraffititoursinBogota,theycan________. A．buyworksofpoorColombianartists B．talkaboutColombia’shistoryinashow C．meetthemostfamousgraffitiartistBanksy D．visitsomespecialbutnotwell-knownplaces【答案】38．B

39．C

40．B

41．D【解析】本文主要介绍了街头涂鸦这一艺术形式，包括它的起源、主要艺术家和城市涂鸦之旅。38．细节理解题。根据“Inmostcitiesyougoto,youwillseewallsoutsidecoveredwithpaintingsofnamesandpictures.Thisiscalledgraffiti.”可知，街头涂鸦是一种墙绘。故选B。39．推理判断题。根据“ThereareexamplesofveryoldgraffitifromGreekandRomancultures.However,moderngraffitistartedinNewYorkintheearly1970s.”可知，本段讲述街头涂鸦的起源时间，C项“涂鸦是什么时候开始的”适合放句首做主题句。故选C。40．细节理解题。根据“peoplesometimestrytostealitsothattheycansellitatahighprice.ThismakesBanksyangrybecausethemessagesinhisartareagainsttheideaofmoney.”可知，Banksy生气的原因是有些人用他的艺术赚钱。故选B。41．细节理解题。根据“Youcanalsoseepartsofthecitytouristsdonotusuallygoto.”可知，如果游客在Bogota进行涂鸦之旅，他们可以参观一些特别但不是很著名的地方。故选D。DOnemidsummerday,biologistAndrewParkerkneltinthebakingsandofanAustraliandesertandgentlyplacedtherightbacklegofasmalllizardintoadishofwater.Thesmalllizardthathaslearnedtosurviveintheextremeheat—hasasecretthatattractedParker.“Look!”heshouted.“Itsbackiscompletelydrenched!”Inlessthanaminute,waterfromthedishhadtraveledupthelizard’sleg,acrossitsskin,andintoitsmouth.Itwasdrinkingthroughitsfoot.Thelizardcanalsodothiswhenstandingonwetsand.Parkerhadcomeheretosolvetheriddleofhowitdoesthis,withaspecificpurposeinmind：tomakeanobjecttohelppeoplecollectwaterinthedesert.Parkerisaleadingscientistinthefieldofbiomimetics*—applyingdesignsfromnaturetosolveproblemsinengineering,materialsscience,medicine,andotherfields.Hisstudiesofthebodycoveringsofbutterfliesandbeetleshaveledtobrighterscreensforcellphones.TheworkofParkerisonlyonepartofagrowingglobalbiomimeticsmovement.Scientistsaroundtheworldaretrvingtocopyawidevarietyofnature’sdesignsecrets.IntheUnitedStates,researchersarelookingattheshapeofhumpbackwhalefinstohelpwindturbines*producemoreelectricenergy.Theshapeofthebodyofacertainfishhasinspired*designersatMercedes—Benztodevelopamoreefficientcardesign.Byanalyzinghowtermites—akindofinsectkeeptheirlargemounds’attherighttemperatureandhumidity,architectsinZimbabwehavebuiltmorecomfortablebuildings.AndinJapan,medicalresearchershavedevelopedapainlessneedlethatissimilarinshapetotheproboscis*ofamosquito.Perhaps,oneofthemostusefulapplicationsofbiomimeticsistherobot.ProfessorRonaldFearingiscreatingatinyrobotflythatcanbeusedinsurveillanceorrescueoperations.Althoughitwillbeyearsbeforehisrobotflycanperformanythinglikeanactualfly.Fearingisconfidentthatovertimehewillclosethegapbetweennatureandhumanengineering.Nowadays,thegapwithnatureisgraduallyclosing.Researchersareusingmorepowerfulmicroscopes,high-speedcomputersandothernewtechnologiestolearnmorefromnature.Agrowingnumberofbiomimeticmaterialsarebeingproduced.Andalthoughthefieldofbiomimeticshasvettobecomeasuccessfulcommercialindustry,ithasalreadydevelopedintoapowerfultoolforunderstandingnature’ssecret.()42．AndrewParkerwenttotheAustraliandesertto________. A．studythedietoflizards B．learnhowlizardscollectwater C．catchandbringbackalizard D．provethatlizardsdon’tneedwater()43．Theunderlinedword“drenched”probablymeans________. A．wet B．dry C．hot D．cold()44．Thestudyoftermitemoundshasinspiredpeopleto________. A．improvewindturbines B．inventapainlessneedle C．buildmorecomfortablebuildings D．developamoreefficientcardesign()45．What’sthepurposeofwritingthispassage? A．Togiveusexamplesofsomebiomimeticsdesigns. B．Toshowustherapiddevelopmentofbiomimetics. C．Totellusscientistsareworkingonbiomimetics. D．Tointroducesomegreatscientistsworkingonbiomimetics.【答案】42．B

43．A

44．C

45．B【解析】本文主要讲述了仿生学的设计实例，从而向我们展示了仿生学的快速发展。42．细节理解题。根据“Inlessthanaminute,waterfromthedishhadtraveledupthelizard’sleg,acrossitsskin,andintoitsmouth.Itwasdrinkingthroughitsfoot.Thelizardcanalsodothiswhenstandingonwetsand.Parkerhadcomeheretosolvetheriddleofhowitdoesthis”（不到一分钟，盘子里的水就顺着蜥蜴的腿往上流，流过皮肤，流进嘴里。它正在用脚喝水。当蜥蜴站在潮湿的沙子上时也会这样做。帕克来到这里是为了解开它是如何做到这一点的）可知安德鲁·帕克前往澳大利亚沙漠了解蜥蜴是如何收集水的。故选B。43．词义猜测题。根据“Inlessthanaminute,waterfromthedishhadtraveledupthelizard’sleg,acrossitsskin,andintoitsmouth”（不到一分钟，盘子里的水就顺着蜥蜴的腿往上流，流过皮肤，流进嘴里）可推知蜥蜴的背部完全湿透了，wet符合，故选A。44．细节理解题。根据“Byanalyzinghowtermites—akindofinsectkeeptheirlargemounds’attherighttemperatureandhumidity,architectsinZimbabwehavebuiltmorecomfortablebuildings”（通过分析白蚁(一种昆虫)如何保持它们的大土堆在合适的温度和湿度，津巴布韦的建筑师建造了更舒适的建筑）可知对白蚁丘的研究启发人们建造更舒适的建筑。故选C。45．主旨大意题。根据“Nowadays,thegapwithnatureisgraduallyclosing.Researchersareusingmorepowerfulmicroscopes,high-speedcomputersandothernewtechnologiestolearnmorefromnature.Agrowingnumberofbiomimeticmaterialsarebeingproduced.Andalthoughthefieldofbiomimeticshasvettobecomeasuccessfulcommercialindustry,ithasalreadydevelopedintoapowerfultoolforunderstandingnature’ssecret.”（如今，人类与自然的差距正在逐渐缩小。研究人员正在使用更强大的显微镜、高速计算机和其他新技术从大自然中了解更多。越来越多的仿生材料被生产出来。虽然仿生学领域尚未成为一个成功的商业产业，但它已经发展成为了解自然秘密的有力工具。）可知本文主要讲述了仿生学的设计实例，从而向我们展示了仿生学的快速发展，故选B。卷II说明：本卷共有四大题，31小题，满分50分。四、词汇运用（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）A．用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。during

we

popular

forty

knife46．Eachofusshouldholdontoourdreamsandbelievein________.47．IvisitedHarvardUniversitywithmyfriends________mystayinAmerica.48．Westernerseatwith________andforkswhileweChineseeatwithchopsticks.49．AsChinadevelopsrapidly,theChineselanguagebecomes________thanbefore.50．Allthefamilymembersarebusygettingreadyformyfather’s________birthdayparty.【答案】46．ourselves

47．during

48．knives

49．morepopular

50．fortieth【解析】46．句意：我们每个人都应该坚持自己的梦想，相信自己。根据“ourdreamsandbelievein”可知，是相信自己，ourselves“我们自己”，故填ourselves。47．句意：在美国逗留期间，我和朋友们参观了哈佛大学。根据“mystayinAmerica.”可知，是在美国逗留期间，during“在……期间”，故填during。48．句意：西方人用刀叉吃饭，而我们中国人用筷子吃饭。根据“Westernerseatwith...andforks”可知，是用刀叉吃饭，knife“刀”，这里表示泛指，故填knives。49．句意：随着中国的快速发展汉语变得比以前更流行。than前面要用比较级，表示汉语变得比以前更流行，故填morepopular。50．句意：所有的家人们都在忙着为我父亲四十岁的生日派对做准备。根据“myfather’s...birthdayparty.”可知，几岁生日就是第几个生日，故填fortieth。B．阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。InLosAngeles,UPSdeliverydriverHectornoticedthatwhilehewasdeliveringthepackages,therewasonekid,Langston,wholookedsadbecauseheneverreceivedapackage.Afterseeingthathejumpedintoaction___51___(立刻).HefirstwroteanotetoLangston’sparents___52___(解释)thesituationandaskabouttheboy’sname.Soonhegotallthe___53___(信息)heneededfromLangston’smom.Hectorshowedupthenext___54___(星期一)andsurprisedLangstonwiththedelivery.WhenLangstonopenedupthebox,hefoundabout___55___(五十)toycars.Itdoesngetmuchbetterthanthatforalittleboy.___56___(后来),Langston’smothersentanotetothankHectorforhiskindness.Inhisreply.Hectorsaidthathehad___57___(儿子)himself.He’dcollectedlotsoftheirtoycarsovertheyearsintheirpackaging.WhenhemetLangston,he___58___(意识到)itwastheperfectchancetoputthemtogooduse.Langstonhelpedhimrememberhowmanykids,___59___(包括)hisboys,hadtogothroughtheCOVID-19pandemic.“Ijustwanttoshowsomeloveatthis___60___(特殊的)time.”hesaid.BeforetheCOVID-19pandemic,youprobablydidn’tthinktoomuchaboutthepeoplewhodeliveredyourpackages.Butintimesofpandemic,deliverydriverslikeHectorhavesomeofthemostimportantjobs!【答案】51．immediately

52．toexplain

53．information

54．Monday

55．Fifty

56．Later

57．sons

58．realized

59．including

60．special【解析】本文讲述了在流感大流行的时候，赫克托给人送包裹的故事。在流感大流行之前，可能没有考虑太多送自己包裹的人。但在大流行时期，像赫克托这样的送货司机是最重要的工作！51．句意：听说了这件事后他like采取行动。根据题干，可知空处修饰动词“jumped”，故用副词“immediately”。故填immediately。52．句意：他首先给Langston的父母写了一封信来解释这种状况并询问关于这个男孩的名字。根据文中“HefirstwroteanotetoLangston’sparents”可知他写信的目的是为了解释，故用不定式表示目的。故填toexplain。53．句意：很快他从Langston的父母那得到了他需要的信息。根据题干可知考查“名词information”。故填information。54．句意：赫克托下周一出现了并使Langston很惊讶拿到包裹。根据题干可知，考查固定短语“下周一nextMonday”。故填Monday。55．句意：当Langston打开盒子后，他发现里面大约有50个玩具汽车。根据“toycars”可知，前面需要用基数词。故填Fifty。56．句意：后来，Langston的妈妈送给了赫克托一个便条为感谢他的善良。副词作状语，故用later。故填later。57．句意：赫克托说他自己也有儿子。根据题干可知考查“可数名词son”，句中空处前没有不定冠词a，故用复数形式。故填sons。58．句意：当他遇到Langston后，他意识到这是一个完美的机会来充分利用。根据题干可知，空处缺少谓语动词，When引导的时间状语是一般过去时，故后realize也用一般过去时realized。故填realized。59．句意：Langston帮他记起了很多孩子，包括他不得不经历新冠肺炎的儿子。此处考查介词“including”。故填including。60．句意：他说我只是想在这特殊时期展示一点爱。根据空后的“time”，可知空考查形容词“special”。故填special。五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。OnApril16,ShenzhouXIIIastronautsZhaiZhigong,WangYapingandYeGuangfu___61___(safe)comebacktoEarthfromtheTiangongspacestation.Therearemanyinteresting___62___(fact)abouttheirlanding.Let’stakealook!SpeedyreturnThemissionset___63___newspeedrecord.WhentheShenzhouXIIcamebackfromthespacestationin2021,ittookabout28hours.Thistime,ShenzhouXIIIcut___64___thenumberoforbits（环绕地球圈数）fromeleventofive.___65___tookjust9hourstoreturn.LandinguprightThere-entrycapsule（返回舱）landedupright.ThislandingpositionisrareinChina’sspaceflighthistory.OnlyShenzhouVIandShenzhouXIII___66___(do)successfullysofar.___67___(achieve)this,astronautsmustletgooftheparachute（降落伞）withexacttiming.Landinguprightmakessurethatastronautshavethesoftestlanding.Keepingseated___68___theastronautsfeltgoodafterlanding,theystillneededtositonchairs.Thelongspacejourneychangedtheirbodies.Theirmusclesandbonesbecamemuch___69___(weak).Inthenextfewmonths,theywill___70___(train)

togetusedtoEarth’sgravity（重力）.【答案】61．safely

62．facts

63．a

64．down

65．It

66．havedone

67．Toachieve

68．Although##Though

69．weaker

70．betrained【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍神舟十三号安全地从天宫空间站回到地球。关于着陆，有很多有趣的事实。61．句意：4月16日，神舟十三号航天员翟之功、王亚平、叶光复从天宫空间站安全地回到地球。根据“comeback”是动词短语，可知用副词来修饰动词。故填safely。62．句意：关于他们的着陆，有很多有趣的事实。根据“interesting”是形容词及“are”，可知后面加名词复数形式。故填facts。63．句意：这项任务创造了一个新的速度记录。根据句意“一个新的记录”及“new”是以辅音音素开头。故填a。64．句意：这一次，神舟十三号减少了环绕地球圈数，从11减到5。根据“fromeleventofive”及“cut”可知环绕地球圈数减少了。故填down。65．句意：回来只花了9个小时。根据“tookjust9hourstoreturn.”可知它符合结构“Ittook+时间+todosth.”，故填It。66．句意：只有神舟六号和神舟十三号到目前为止成功地做到了。根据“sofar”及主语“OnlyShenzhouVIandShenzhouXIII”是复数可知，此句是现在完成时。故填havedone。67．句意：为了实现这一点，宇航员必须以精确的时间放开降落伞。根据句意“为了实现这一点，宇航员必须以精确的时间放开降落伞。”可知此处不定式表目的，故填Toachieve。68．句意：虽然宇航员着陆后感觉良好，但是他们仍然需要坐在椅子上。根据“Thelongspacejourneychangedtheirbodies.Theirmusclesandbonesbecamemuch…”可知，漫长的太空之旅改变了他们的身体。他们的肌肉和骨骼变得弱了很多。所以虽然宇航员着陆后感觉不错，但是他们仍然需要坐在椅子上，although/though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。69．句意：他们的肌肉和骨骼变得弱了很多。根据“becamemuch”和句意，可知要用形容词比较级。故填weaker。70．句意：在接下来的几个月里，为了习惯地球的重力，他们将接受训练。根据“theywill…(train)togetusedtoEarth’sgravity（重力）.”可知主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，又因为“will”后加动词原形，故填betrained。六、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）阅读下面材料，然后从所给的A—E五个选项中选择正确的选项（其中一项是多余选项），并回答最后小题。Ihavebeenateacherallmylife,andIwanttobeanEnglishteacheragaininmynexttime.——ChenLinAmasterofEnglisheducationinChina,ChenLinjustcelebratedhis100thbirthdayinApril.71In1950,ChenstartedteachingatBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity(BFSU).72Healwaysputimportanceon“standingup”and“speakin