2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末真题分类汇编-学生版-专题05 阅读理解之说明文

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末真题分类汇编-学生版——专题05阅读理解之说明文（一）（23-24高一上·江苏常州·期末）RidleyScott’sfamouswarfilm“Napoleon(拿破仑)”isaseriesofsuccessfulbattleslookingforabettermovietoconnectthem.Onceagain,Scott’scraftsmanship(技艺)isonshowhere,butit’sinserviceofadeeplyshallowscreenplay.Agreatactorisreducedtoaghostlypresenceinthemiddleofthemovie,andhispartner,thecharacterwhoneedstogivethefilmabeatingheart,comesoffasflatandhollow.Oneoftheproblemsisthatthefilmscripttriestoputalotoflifeintotherunningtimeofasinglefilm.Naturally,itopensduringtheFrenchRevolution,asNapoleonclimbsupthepoliticalladderofFrancewithhiswartalentsaboveallelse.AnotherpartoftheproblemisthatKirby,theleadingactressneverreallyunderstandswhattoplaywithJosephine,amysteriouscelebrity(名人)whobecomestoomuchofamirrorforNapoleon.Shecouldn’tgiveNapoleonason,whichresultedintheirbreak-up.WasNapoleonthekindofworldleaderwhoseownunsafetyresultedinkillingswehaveseeninhistory?That’shereinafewplaces,butScottisuninterestedinmakinganysortofstatementaboutNapoleonormenlikehim.Averyjust-the-factsapproachof“Napoleon”isincrediblydisappointingforafilmmakerwhousuallyfindssomuchdepthinthestorieshetells.Worstofall,bythetime“Napoleon”getstoWaterloo,wedon’tknowmuchmoreaboutthemaincharacterthanwedidwhenwecamein.That’saproblem.Havingsaidthat,thewonderfulwarscenesin“Napoleon”maybeenoughtoproveitsexistenceforfansofhistoricalwarfilms.Whetheritsbloodiedbodiesbreakingthroughiceorwavesofsoldiersrushingintobattle,“Napoleon”hassomefantasticbattlescenes.MaybethepointisthatNapoleonBonapartewasonlytrulyalivewhensurroundedbysomuchdeath.1．Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedword“hollow”inParagraph1?A．Solid. B．Deep. C．Empty. D．Smooth.2．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2to4?A．ThefilmsuccessfullycoversNapoleon’swholelife.B．KirbyhasagoodunderstandingofhowtoplayJosephine.C．Peoplecouldn’tknowNapoleonbetterthroughthisfilm.D．Therearesomeoutstandingfeaturesof“Napoleon”.3．WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A．Thesuccessfulbattlescenesin“Napoleon”.B．TheachievementsofNapoleonBonaparte.C．ThewarsNapoleonBonapartefightingin.D．ThereasonforNapoleonBonaparte’saliveness.4．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Anewsreport. B．Afilmreview.C．Ahistoricaldocument. D．Asciencefiction.（二）（23-24高一上·江苏南通·期末）Fidgettoyshavebeengoingviralrecently,arousingsafetyconcernsamongparentsandthewholesociety.Tobetterprotectthephysicalandmentalhealthofyoungstudents,theMinistryofEducationrecentlyissuedanotice,aimingtopreventfidgettoysfrompresentingarisktothehealthoftheyoungergenerations.Fidgettoysincludeinhalernasalsticksandradishknives,whicharepopularasstress-relieversamongstudents.The“EnergyStick,”orinhalernasalstick,hasbeensellingwellonlinerecentlyonplatformssuchasTaobao.Someonlineshopshavealreadysoldnearly100,000sticks,whosepricesrangefrom6yuantoapproximately128yuan.Theproductcontainswatermelon,teaandorangeflavorsandevenalcoholtoattractmorecustomers.Theonlinestoresalespersonrespondedbystatingthatthemainingredientsoftheproductarecamphorandmint(薄荷),whichdonotcontainanyaddictiveproperties.Meanwhile,ZhaoTing,amedicalexpert,toldtheGlobalTimesthatsomechildrenarelikelytogetaddictedtothe“EnergyStick.”Thecolorfulplastictoyknife,aradishknife,nicknamed“CarrotKnife,”hasalsoskyrocketedanastonishingsellingonline.“AfterherclassmatehadboughtaCarrotKnifeandsaiditwasafuntoytouse,mydaughteralsoboughtone,whichmakesmeanxious.”Julian,afatherfromBeijingtoldtheGlobalTimesonSaturday.Someofradishknivesaresosmallthattheycanbegrippedinthepalmofachild’shandwhileothersareaslongasonemeter.Therearevariouswaysofplayingwiththeradishknife,withsomemimic(模拟)attackatfriendsaspartofagame,accordingtomediareports.Expertswarnedthatsuchtoyscouldencourageviolenceandcauselong-termmentalharmtochildren.Tochangethissituation,thegovernmentstressedtheimportanceonmaintainingstrictmanagement,andstoppingharmfultoysintocampus.Schoolsshouldorganizesafetypromotionactivitiestoteachstudentstocorrectlyidentifyandkeepawayfromdangerousandharmfultoys.Also,parentsshouldteachtheirchildrentoplaywithtoyssafelyandcorrectly.5．Whyhavefidgettoysbecomepopularrecently?A．Theyarebeneficialtoyoungstudents’well-being.B．Theycanhelptoreduceyoungstudents’pressure.C．Youngstudentsareallowedtousethematschools.D．Youngstudentscanaffordthematasuitableprice.6．Whatmayhelpthe“EnergyStick”attractyoungstudents?A．Itshighvalue. B．Itsplentifulnutrition. C．Itsrichcontents. D．Itseffectivesales.7．WhatdoesJulianreallywanttosayaboutthe“CarrotKnife”?A．Itbringshisdaughteralotofjoy. B．Itmightdoharmtohisdaughter.C．Ithasnoeffectonhisdaughter. D．Ithelpshisdaughterrealizeherdream.8．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Differentresponsesmadetofidgettoys. B．Greatimportanceattachedtofidgettoys.C．Practicalmeasuresdealingwithfidgettoys. D．Potentialdangersbroughtaboutbyfidgettoys.（三）（23-24高一上·江苏扬州·期末）Thebrainmightbetheplacewherememoriesarestored,anditshealthandefficiencydependalotonthegeneralhealthofthebody.Putsimply,what’sgoodforthebodyisgoodforthebrain.Regularphysicalexercisedoesn’tjustbuildmusclesandkeepweightincheck.Italsoprotectsmemoryandthinkingskills.ResearchattheUniversityofBritishColumbiafoundthatregularaerobicexercise,thekindthatincreasesyourheartrate,alsoincreasesthesizeofthebrain’shippocampus(海马体).AndaUniversityofMarylandstudyfoundthatmemoryimprovedinolderadultsaftera12-weekexerciseprogram.Ifyou’renotintorunningorevenfastwalking,howaboutdancing?Itturnsoutthattakingadanceclassmaybeoneofthebestactivitiesyoucandoforyourbrain.AresearchteamattheAlbertEinsteinSchoolofMedicinelookedattheeffectsofphysicalactivityonpreventingmemoryloss,andfoundthatballroomdancingwasparticularlyeffective,leadingtoenhancementsinmemory,attentionandfocus.“Dancingcombinesphysicalactivity,learningsomethingnew,andsocialengagement,”saysDr.Salinas,aneurologistatNYULangoneHealth.“Themoreofthesefactorsanactivityhas,thebetteroffyouwillbe.”Sleepisalsoimportantformemoryformation,especiallylong-termmemoryformation.Whenyou’reasleep,thebrainrunsthetapeofwhatitrecordedduringtheday,getsridofinformationthatisn’trelevantandthenstoresotherinformationforthelongterm.Besides,doingthosementallyengagingactivities,suchasplayingcrosswordpuzzles,canalsohelpkeepourmindsactive.Learninganewlanguageisoftenregardedasanidealactivityforbrainhealth.“Doingsomethingnewandchallengingcontributestoformingnewpathwaysinthebrain,helpinginformationgofromonepartofthebraintoanother,”saysDr.Salinas.Whilegenetics(基因学)andfamilyhistoryplaysomerolesintheriskofmemoryproblems,sodoplentyofotherfactors.Addressinganyofthesemaymakeyourmemorysharper.9．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?(①—Paragraph1;②—Paragraph2;③—Paragraph3;④—Paragraph4;⑤—Paragraph5;⑥—paragraph6;⑦—Paragraph7)A． B．C． D．10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enhancements”inParagraph3mean?A．Improvements. B．Effects. C．Troubles. D．Skills.11．WhydoestheauthormentionDr.Salinas’wordsinParagraph4?A．Toexplainwhydancingisoneofthebestactivitiesforbrain.B．Toshowwhichactivityislikelytobringusthemostbenefits.C．Tosuggestthatweshoulddanceinsteadofdoingotherexercise.D．Toconcludethatthemoreactivitieswedo,thehealthierwewillbe.12．Whyislearninganewlanguageregardedasanidealactivityforbrainhealth?A．Becauseithelpsstoreinformation. B．Becauseitisnotverychallenging.C．Becauseitmakesuseofpathways. D．Becauseitkeepsourmindsactive.（四）（23-24高一上·江苏连云港·期末）Ourfutureselvesusedtobeariddle.Now,thankstosocialmediafilters(滤镜),wecanstarethemrightintheface.PeoplefellinlovewithTikTokthismonthtosharethemselves“aging”inrealtimeusingafilter“timetravel”.Settoasadsong,theeffectshowstheuser’sfaceslowlygettingolder,completewithwrinkles(皱纹)andsunspots.Camerafiltersthatageyouhavebeenaroundforyears.ButadvancementsinAIaremakingtheresultsmorereal.DoctorAleksandraBrownsaidtheTikToktimetravelfilterdoeswellinguessinghowagivenfacewouldage.Aswegetolder,ourfacialskinthins,fatdissolves(溶解)andgravitypullseverythingdownward.Noteveryoneispleasedaboutthis.OneofBrown’sfriendsdidn’tlikewatchingtimeflypast.Shecouldn’tstandwatchingherselfage50yearsin15seconds-couldlifereallygobythatfast?Browncriedherselfafterusingtheagingeffectonherownyoungdaughter.Shewon’tlivetoseeherdaughtergetthatold,shepointedout.Forotherpeople,thetimetravelfilterbroughtupunexpectedpositivefeelings.ActorJonathanBennettsharedavideosayinghisownfilteredfacerecalledhappymemoriesofhislatefather.NicoleLoehle,a24-year-oldinNewJersey,testedtheeffectwithherboyfriend.Itgaveheranewviewpoint,shesaid,shecouldimaginetherelationshiplastingintotheiroldage.There’snocorrectwaytoage.Butit’simportanttorememberthatnoonecanstoptimeorundoitseffects.“Ikeeptryingtoviewagingasagift.”Brownsaid,“Somepeopledon’tgettoage,unfortunately?”13．Whatcanpeopledowiththefilter“timetravel”?A．Findtheirpartners. B．Seetheiragingfaces.C．Experienceothers’lives. D．Guesstheirfuturesuccess.14．WhatareParagraph3andParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Remindersofthegoodolddays. B．Reasonsforusingtheagingeffect.C．Reflectionsonclosepersonalrelationships. D．Responsestotheagingeffectof“timetravel”.15．WhichofthefollowingwouldBrownprobablyagreewith?A．It’sgoodtowatchtimeflypast. B．The“timetravel”needsadvancements.C．Noteveryoneisfortunateenoughtogetold. D．TickTokinventedthefirstappwithagingeffect.16．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TikTok’s“timetravel”:slowlyorquickly B．TikTok’s“timetravel”:backwardorforwardC．TikTok’s“timetravel”:toenjoyortosuffer D．TikTok’s“timetravel”:todeveloportodrop（五）（23-24高一上·江苏扬州·期末）In2019,AirCompanygainedpublicattentionwhenitproducedvodka(伏特加)fromcarbonintheair,inordertoreducetheamountoftheharmfulgreenhousegasintheatmosphere.Today,thecompanyhasbegunusingthesameprocesstomakefuel(燃料)forairplanes.AirCompany’scleanaircraftfuel,whichwasrecentlytested,couldsomedayhelptheairlineindustryachieveitsgoalofnetzerocarbonemissions(排放)by2050.Currently,theairlineindustryaccountsforabout3%oftotalglobalcarbonemissionseachyear,andmainlyusestraditional,fossil-basedfuels.Anumberofproducersofcleanaircraftfuelhavecomeoutinrecentyears,manyofwhomusesomethinglikeplantmaterialandcookingoil.ButAirCompany’sproductionprocessstartsbypullingharmfulcarbonemissionsoutoftheair.Thecompanyfirstharvestscarbon,mostlyfromindustrialsettings.Itthentakeswater,separatesthehydrogenfromtheoxygen,andputsthecarbontogetherwiththehydrogenandothermixtures.Afterthat,itdistills(蒸馏)thatsolutiondown.Thefinalproductsareethylalcohol(乙醇)tomakethecompany’svodkaandotherproductssuchasperfume,aswellasparaffin,whichformsthebasisofitsaircraftfuel.BythetimeaplanehasflownusingAirCompany’sfuel,itwillhavegivenoffthesameamountofcarbondioxide(CO2)backintotheatmosphereaswasacquiredtomakethefuel.“Already,someoftheworld’sbiggestairlinesaresupportingAirCompany’sdream.Theyhaveagreedtobuymillionsofgallonsofitsfuelinthecomingyears.”Thecompanymanagersays,“However,togettothoselargeindustrialmarketslikeaircraftfuel,traditionallyknownasthehottestindustrytogetgreen,isalongwaytogo.It’sgoingtotaketime,moneyandeffort.”17．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．AirCompanyisfamousforproducingvodka.B．AirCompanynolongerusestraditionalfuels.C．AirCompany’sfuelislikelytobeenvironmentallyfriendly.D．AirCompanyaccountsfor3%oftotalglobalcarbonemissions.18．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thatsolution”refertoinParagraph4?A．Ethylalcoholformingtheaircraftfuel.B．Hydrogenthatisseparatedfromwater.C．Oxygen,hydrogen,carbonandethylalcohol.D．Mixofcarbon,hydrogenandothermixtures.19．Whatcanbeinferredfromthemanager’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．MajorAirlineshavealreadyputAirCompany’sfuelintouse.B．IttakestimeforAirCompany’sfueltobeusedonregularflights.C．ThefuelproducedbyAirCompanyissuretobeveryexpensive.D．Aircompanyalonewillbeabletooccupytheaircraftfuelmarkets.20．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AirCompany:MakeAirTravelGreenB．AirCompany’sCarbonProductionDreamC．AirCompany’sEnvironmentalSupportersD．AirCompany:MakeTraditionalFuelsAvailable（六）（23-24高一上·江苏盐城·期末）TherearelotsofscholarshipprogramsintheUnitedStates,butHopeChicagoisraisingstandards.Throughthehelpoffunding(资助)partners,they’vebeenabletoraise$40millionthatwillgotowardpayingthetuition(学费),room,board,andbooksforthousandsofstudentsinChicago.Howarethesestudentschosen?AlltheyhavetodoisgotooneofthefiveChicagoPublicSchools(CPS)thatarepartneredwiththeorganization.That’sright-everysinglestudentwhoattendsoneofthesefiveschoolsisabletogotooneof20partneringcollegesortradeschoolsatnocost,includingtheUniversityofIllinois.Tohelpencouragestudentstofollowthroughwiththeireducation,eachchildthatjoinsafull-timeprogrammayhaveoneparentcontinuetheireducationforfreeaswell.ThefirstannouncementwasatBenitoJuarezHighSchool.Thestudentsweresosurprisedbythenewsthattheywentalmosttotallysilentandtheheadteacher,JuanCarlosOcon,hadtorepeatwhathesaid.Uponhearingthenewsforthesecondtime,acelebrationbegan.“That’swhenthehallofmorethan500studentsandparentswasfilledwithenergy,hopesanddreams,”Juansaid.“Youcouldseethetearsintheeyesofourstudentsandparents.”EachpersontakingpartinHopeChicagoisdrivenbytheirwishto“reduceeconomicandsocialinequality,”saidPeteKaden’s,oneofHopeChicago’sfounders.HopeChicagohopestobecomeoneofmanylife-changingorganizationstomakegettinganeducationeasier.Inthenexttenyears,theyaimtospend$1biliontosendtensofthousandsofstudentsandfamilymemberstocollegesortradeschools.“Ascholarshipprogramofthissizehasneverbeendonebefore,butwearefocusingonChicago’sfamiliesmostinneed,”Petesaid.“Withthatinmind,ourgoalistoseeHopeChicagopositivelyinfluencethefurthereducationsystemandserveasamodelforthenation.”21．WhocangetscholarshipsfromHopeChicago?A．Students,sufferingfromdiseases. B．Studentslearningincertainschools.C．Studentsgraduatingwithhonors. D．Studentsfromsingle-parenthomes.22．HowdidthestudentsfeelafterJuanrepeatedhiswords?A．Terriblybored. B．Unbearablysad. C．Completelycalm. D．Extremelyhappy.23．WhatisPete’sattitudetowardHopeChicago?A．Thankful. B．Uncaring. C．Hopeful. D．Unclear.24．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Thesestudentsjustgotlife-changingnews. B．Thesescholarshipprogramsmeantsomuch.C．Parentsplayabigroleineducatingchildren. D．Socialinequalityexistsinmoderneducation.（七）（23-24高一上·江苏南通·期末）Ahollow(空洞)halfwayupatreemightseemlikeastrangeplacetolookforawater-lovinganimal,buttheresultsofanewsurveyhaveshowedthatcommontoads(蟾蜍)intheU.K.areskillfultreeclimbers.ThesurprisingdiscoverywasmadebyresearchersfromtheUniversityofCambridge,workingwithFroglife,acharitydevotedtoamphibians(animalssuchasfrogsandtoadsthatdividetheirtimebetweenbeingonlandandinwater).TheteamlookedatreportsfromvolunteerswhowerestudyingspecialnestboxesaspartoftheNationalDormouse(睡鼠)MonitoringProgramandtheBatTreehabitatKeyproject.“Wecouldn’tbelievewhatwefound,”saidNidaAlfulaij,ascientistwhosupportedthework.“We’reusedtodiscoveringwoodlandbirdsandothersmallmammalsinnestboxes,butwehadn’tconsideredfindingamphibiansinthem.”Morethan50commontoadswerefoundinveryunexpectedplaces:inpartsoftreesthatareusuallyusedbybats,innestboxesdesignedfordormice,andeveninoldbirds’nests.That’ssuchasurprisinglyhighnumberthattheresearchersthinktree-climbingmustbeacommontoadhabit—it’sjustneverbeennoticedbefore.Theresearcherssaythisshowshowsharingdatabetweensurveyswithdifferentaimscanleadtonewdiscoveries—evenaboutspeciesthatexpertsbelievetheyknowwell.Throughthediscoveriestheresearchersalsohaveaclearunderstandingofhowimportanttreehollows,cracksandholesaretoallsortsofanimals.It’sstillunclearhoweasythetoadsfindittoclimb—theywerespottedupto3metershighintreesbutthiswasasfarupasthevolunteerswerelooking,sotheycouldbegoingevenhigher.Whydothekindoftoadsclimbthetrees?Theresearchershavesomeguesses,suchaslookingforfood,hidingfromhuntersoravoidingpestssuchasthetoadfly.Itisstillapuzzle.25．Whatdoweknowaboutthenewstudy?A．Itreliedontheearlystudiesoftheteam.B．Itcameasnosurprisetotheresearchers.C．Itresultedfromthedataofothersurveys.D．Itproveswhatexpertshaveknownbefore.26．WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttoadsisTRUE?A．Treesarebelievedtobetoads’bestplacetolivein.B．Theyclimbtreestokeepbatsanddormicecompany.C．Thepropernumberoftoadslivingtogetheris50orso.D．Thetoadsmayhaveformedthehabitofclimbingbefore.27．Whatmaytheteamresearchaboutcommontoadsinthefuture?A．Otherlivinghabits.B．Thereasonsforclimbing.C．Thewaystoavoidpests.D．Moreexamplesofthefinding.28．Wheremaybethepassagetakenfrom?A．Asciencejournalaboutbiology.B．Apaperaboutthehabitatsofbirds.C．Afictionaboutamphibiansanimals.D．Acourseaboutthesignificanceoftrees.（八）（23-24高一上·江苏镇江·期末）MammothCaveNationalPark,inthestateofKentucky,isauniqueandhistoricalnaturalwonder.Ithastheworld’slongestcavesystem.Theremaybeanother600milesofcavepassagewaysthathaveyettobeexplored.Inaddition,morethan200cavesthataredisconnectedfromthelargersystemcanbefoundinthepark.Theundergroundcaveswerecreatednaturallybytheprocessoflimestone(石灰岩)erosion.Rainandriversslowlydissolve(溶解)andshapesoftlimestone.Thesystemisstillbeingshapedtoday.Notonlyaretheyanamazingdestinationtovisit,butthesystemalsoprovidesdrinkingwaterforabout40%oftheUSpopulation.Thecaves’firstexplorerswereNativeAmericans,whomined(采矿)theupperlevelsofMammothCave.Later,thesiteswereleftingreatshapeandbegantodrawpublicinterest.MammothCavewasmadeintoanationalparkthankstostrongsupport.Backinthe1920s,theSouthernAppalachianNationalParkCommissionwassetupin1925.Afteryearsofwork,aswellasbuildingroadsandpublicfacilities,theparkwascompletedonJuly1,1941.Theparknowreceivesaround2millionvisitorsayear,withaboutaquartertakingatourofthecaves—everythingfromaculturaltourtothemoreadventuroustoursonoffer.Thecavesupportsmorethan130wildlifespecies(物种).Theparkisalsomuchmorethanjustacave;theforestaroundhasadiverse(多种多样的)rangeofspecies.Therearemilesoftrailsopenforhorsebackriding,withcanoetrailsandgreatfishingspots.Therearealsomorethan1,300floweringspeciesintheforest,andanimalslikewoodwarblers,thrushes,andbaldeaglescanregularlybeseen.29．WhatcanwelearnaboutMammothCavefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Itwasmadebyancientpeople. B．Ithasthelengthof600miles.C．Itismadeupof200connectedcaves. D．Ithasalargeundergroundsystem.30．Howdothecavesform?A．Explorersminetheupperlevels. B．Thegovernmentsearchesfordrinkablewater.C．Waterdissolveslimestone. D．Peoplebuildroadsandpublicfacilities.31．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Morethan1,300flowersgrowinthecaves.B．Theparkoffersvisitorsdiverseexperiences.C．Mostvisitorscometotheparkjustforcaves.D．Twomillionpeoplehavevisitedtheparktillnow.32．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．PlanningcavetoursaroundtheworldB．Exploringtheworld’slongestcavesystemC．LearningabouttheexplorersofMammothCaveD．PredictingthefutureofMammothCaveNationalPark（九）（23-24高一上·浙江丽水·期末）Agroupofresearchershascomeupwithawaytomakeiteasiertodriveinthesnow:bydesigningtyres(轮胎)basedonpolarbearpaws.“Wehadanongoingprojectformanyyearsfocusedonice,”saidAliDhinojwala,whotookpartintheresearch.“Wewerelookingatthefriction(摩擦力)ofmaterialsbecauseournationalpartnersneedtodeveloptyreswithastronggripontheroadiniceandsnowconditions.”Theteamturnedtonatureforinspiration,thinkingthatevolutionmighthavealreadysolvedtheprobleminawaythatcouldbecopiedwithtechnology.Theobviousplacetolookwaspolarbears—specificallythetinybumps(凸块)onthesurfaceoftheirpawpads—tofindoutwhateffecttheyhaveontheanimals’abilitytomovequicklyacrossicyandsnowyarea.Todothis,theteamgatheredsamples(样本)ofpolarbearpawpads,aswellassamplesfrombrownbearsandAmericanblackbears(twospeciescloselyrelatedtopolarbears)andsunbears(adistantlyrelatedspecies,typicallyfoundinAsia).Theteamimagedthesamplesusingascanningelectronmicroscope,produced3D-printedcopiesandthentestedtheminsnowinthelab.Theyfoundthatthetinystructuresonthepolarbearpawpadsweretaller,whichgavethembetterfrictiononthesnow,eventhoughpolarbearshavesmallerpadscomparedtootherbears.Theteamnowwantstolookintootherfactorsthatmayhaveaneffect,suchasthepatternsandshapesofthetinystructures.“Ifyoulookatsnowtyresyou’llseethattheydohavesomedeepertreads(外胎花纹),butthisresearchcouldalsoshowvariouswaystodesignthemthatcouldhavealargerimpact,”saidDhinojwala.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referto?A．Polarbears. B．Tinybumps.C．Pawpads. D．Snowyroads.34．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Thebackgroundoftheresearch. B．Thefindingoftheresearch.C．Thedifferencesofsamplesinthelab. D．Thecomparisonofdifferentbearpads.35．WhatcanweinferfromDhinojwala’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Differenttreadsmightbedesignedonthesnowtyres.B．Snowtyresthathavedeepertreadscanbesafeenough.C．Thedesignofsnowtyresrequiresnofurtherimprovement.D．Theresearchersshouldhaveturnedtootherbearsforinspiration.36．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Aneasierwaytodriveinthesnow B．AnongoingprojectfocusedoniceC．Snowtyresbasedonpolarbearpaws D．Anewresearchonpolarbearpawpads（十）（23-24高一上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Withtheirbeautifulfeathers,roostersmightbeforgivenforsecretlytakingquicklooksinthemirror—especiallyasresearchnowsuggeststhebirdsmaybeabletorecognisethemselves.Theabilitytorecogniseoneselfinthemirrorhassofarbeenfoundinahandfulofanimals,includingelephants,dolphins,andcertainfishandbirds.SonjaHillemacher,oneoftheauthorsofthestudyattheUniversityofBonn,saidanimalsthatcanrecognisethemselvesinamirroroftenseemedtohavemoreadvancedcognitiveabilities,andthattherewasalinktosocialandemotionalwisdom,aswellasself-awareness.“Thisabilityisabasicaspectofcognition.Itisalsoimportantforus,”shesaid.WritinginthejournalPlosOne,Hillemacherandhercolleaguesnotethatroosterstendtocallouttotheirfellowchickensiftheyseeathreat.Ifaroosterisalone,however,itdoesnotusuallyraisethealarmasitcoulddrawtheenemy’sattention.Intheexperiment,theteamplacedaroosterinanindoorspaceandthenplacedamirror,oranotherrooster,ornothing.Theteamthenshowedtheimageofaflyinghawk(鹰)ontotheceilinginthespace.Theresultsfrom58roostersfoundthatthebirdsmadefarmorealarmcallswhentheycouldseeanotherroosternearby,with1.33alarmcallsperbirdonaverageoverthreetests,thanwhenalone(0.29callsonaverage)orfacedwiththemirror(0.43callsonaverage).Inthefollow-upexperiment,theteamfoundasimilarreductionincallswhentheyplacedasecondroosteroutofsightbehindthemirror.Theteamsaidthefindingssuggestthebirdsdidnotregardtheirreflectionasanotherrooster,evenwhentherewasalsothepresenceofsmellandsoundofasecondbird,whichprovesthatroostersmayrecognisethemselvesinamirror.37．WhatdoesthenewstudyledbySonjnHillemachershow?A．Onlyafewanimalscanrecognisethemselvesinamirror.B．Someanimalshavecognitiveabilitiessimilartohumans.C．Roosterswillenjoytheirownbeautywhenlookinginamirror.D．Roostersmayhavetheabilitytorecognisethemselvesinamirror.38．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph3?A．Tostresstheimportanceoftheresearch. B．Toprovidethescientificbasisfortheresearch.C．Toexplainreasonsforcarryingouttheresearch. D．Toofferdetailsofthepreparationfortheresearch.39．Whatdoweknowabouthowtheexperimentswereconducted?A．Aflyinghawkwasputinanindoorspace. B．Asecondroosterwasplacednearamirror.C．Differentconditionsweresettotesttheroosters. D．Separateareaswereneededtogrouptheroosters.40．Howdidtheroostersreactintheexperiments?A．Theymadeonlyabitmorealarmcallswithasecondroosterinsight.B．Theymadefeweralarmcallswhenfacedwithamirrorthanwhenalone.C．Theymademorethanonealarmcallineachtestwithanotherroosterinsight.D．They