作文11 记叙文-备战2022年中考英语满分作文+万能模板+热点素材

2017-2021年中考满分作文精选专题11记叙文【2021·山西省中考真题】在我们成长的过程中，会遇到各种各样的选择，选择读一本喜欢的书；选择做感兴趣的事；选择与志趣相投的人交朋友……在选择面前，如何客观、理性，并且遵从自己内心的感受，这是我们应有的处事态度。请根据以上内容，结合图片信息，写一篇英语短文。内容包括：1.从以上提示中选择某个方面，谈谈你对这个选择的观点；2.围绕以上观点，描述你曾经历过的一件事；3.这件事带给你的思考。要求：4.词数不少于80词；5.提示词会仅供参考；6.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。WordBANKobjectiveadi.客观的reasonableadj.理性的attituden.态度__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容Thereisnodenyingthatitisimportantforustomakeareasonablechoiceinlife.IamavolleyballfansoIchoosetojointheschoolvolleyballclub,whichisbeneficialtomygrowth.Inmychildhood,Ifellinlovewithvolleyball.ThenwhenIwasinGrade8,Iwaseagertobeamemberoftheschoolvolleyballclub.However,myparentswantedmetofocustimeandenergyonschoolwork.Ihadalongtalkwiththemcalmly.Afterthat,Itrainedhardwithpersistenceintheclubandlearnedwhatthetruemeaningoftheteamworkwas.Meanwhile,IreviewedmyschoolworkaslongasIfinishedtraining.Tomyjoy,Igotasatisfyingresultinthetest.Allthisshowedthatmychoicewasright.Needlesstosay,nomatterwhatthechoiceis,ifitisreasonable,justmakeittofollowyourheart.Onlyinthiswaycanitbringoutthebestinyou.考题解析考题解析内容1.题干解读：本文是一篇看图作文。描述一件自己感兴趣的事，是如何遵从自己内心的感受，并坚持下来的短文。2.写作指导：本文主要采用一般现在时和一般过去时。描述过去的事情要用一般过去时。分为三段式：第一段引出主题；第二段描述自己的经历；第三段谈谈这件事带来的思考。写作时保持主谓一致性，逻辑性要强，无语法和标点错误。【2021·辽宁省丹东市中考真题】我们都收到过礼物，每个礼物的背后或多或少都有一些故事。那么，你最喜爱的礼物是什么呢？对你来说，它有什么特殊的意义？请以“TheStorybehindMyFavoriteGift”为题写一篇英语短文。写作要点：1．介绍你最喜欢的礼物；2．讲述该礼物背后的故事；3．说明该礼物对你的特殊意义。写作要求：1．语言表达准确，语意通顺、连贯，书写工整、规范；2．词数70左右；3．文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。TheStorybehindMyFavoriteGift________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容TheStorybehindMyFavoriteGiftMyfavoritegiftisabooknamedtheOldManandtheSea.WhenIreceivedthebookonmybirthday,Iwasalittlesurprised.Iwashappy,too.Ididn’tpasstheexamafewdaysago.Ifeltveryupsetthosedays.Mymotherwantedtoencouragemetobestrongandnottogiveupsosheboughtmethatbook.Ifinishedreadingitthenextday.Ilearnedalotfromthebookandunderstoodthelovemymothergaveme.考题解析内容Sincethen,Inevergiveup.IthinkitismybestgiftIhaveeverreceived.考题解析内容1.题干解读：题目要求以“TheStorybehindMyFavoriteGift”为题介绍自己最喜欢的礼物、讲述礼物背后的故事并说明该礼物对自己的特殊意义。要点要齐全，可适当发挥。2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称为主，结合一般现在时和一般过去时来行文。可分为三段式：第一段介绍这个礼物；第二段介绍礼物背后的故事；第三段说明这份礼物对自己的意义。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。【2021·黑龙江省大庆市中考真题】2021年大庆初中升学体育考试已经过去，但却给你留下了深刻的印象。你决定向你校英文广播站投稿，分享你的备考经历与收获。写作提示：1.测试前准备（例如：项目选择，练习过程等等）；2.测试结果；3.收获及感受。参考词汇：thesolidball(实心球)jumprope(跳绳)longjump(跳远)写作要求：1.词数80词左右（开头已写好，不计入总词数）；2.写作过程中注意书写的规范和标点的正确使用；3.文章中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称；4.可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。ThoughthephysicaltestinDaqingentranceexaminationforseniormiddleschoolwasover,itleftmeadeepimpression._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容ThoughthephysicaltestinDaqingentranceexaminationforseniormiddleschoolwasover,itleftmeadeepimpression.Ididalotofpre-testpreparationstochoosethemostpropersportseventforme.Atlast,Ichosethesolidball,jumpropeandlongjump.Atfirst,Ididn’tdowellinjumpingrope.ButIdidn’tgiveup.Istucktodoingitforthreeminutesdownstairsafterschooleveryday.Itwasverydifficultatfirst,butafterhalfamonth,Imadealittleprogresseachtime.Finally,Icouldreachthestandardofexcellence.Ididwellinthesolidballandlongjumpaswell.Inotonlygotfullmarksinthemiddleschoolphysicaleducationexamination,butalsolearnedthespiritofnevergivingup.考题解析考题解析内容1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求根据提示内容，介绍自己初中升学体育考试的经历；注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称来介绍，时态用一般过去时。作文可分为三段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍测试前的准备和测试结果；第三段介绍自己的收获和感受。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。【2021·黑龙江省牡丹江、鸡西地区朝鲜族学校中考真题】假如你是李华，你校英语报社发布征稿启事：英语有句俗语：“Tenthousandlinescanpullaboat.”从这句话中我们深刻体会到团队协作（teamwork）的重要性，请你分享一次团队协作的经历，如：体育运动，小组合作学习，团队游戏等，谈谈你对团队协作的看法。请你积极投稿！要求：1.词数90词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；2.须包括所有要点提示，并适当补充，语句通顺，意思连贯；3.文中不得出现个人真实姓名和校名TeamworkThereisafamoussaying“Tenthousandlinescanpullaboat.”__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容TeamworkThereisafamoussaying“Tenthousandlinescanpullaboat.”Itshowsushowimportanttheteamworkis.Ialsolearnthisfromanunforgettableexperience.LastFridayafternoon,wehadabasketballmatchagainstClassThree.Atthebeginning,wealltriedtoshoweachothertobethebestplayer.Wejustranaroundanddidn’tpasstheballtoothers.Soonwefellbehind.Duringthebreak,ourheadmasteradvisedustoworktogetherasateam.Wefollowedhisadvice.Intheend,wewonthegameandeachofusfelthappy.Throughthisgame,Irealizedeeplythatinateam,wecan’tachievesuccessnomatterhowexcellenteachoneis.Thekeytosuccessisteamwork.考题解析考题解析内容1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以Teamwork为题，结合提示内容进行写作，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称来介绍，时态综合使用一般现在时和一般过去时。作文可分为两段，第一段引出话题并分享一次团队协作的经历；第二段谈谈对团队协作的看法。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。【2021·江苏省连云港市中考真题】我市第八届“最美港城人”系列评选活动正在进行，你班决定推荐李华参加其类别之一“最美志愿者”的评选。请你以“TheMostBeautifulVolunteer为题，给校英文报写一篇短文介绍李华，内容包括：（1）品质：礼貌、善良、有耐心；（2）事迹：乐于帮助老师和同学；周末参加各类活动，如去街道打扫卫生；另举两例；（3）你的评价：至少两条。注意：（1）词数90左右；（2）短文应包括所给内容要点，可适当发挥，使文章连贯；（3）短文中不得出现考生的真实姓名、校名等信息。TheMostBeautifulVolunteer_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容TheMostBeautifulVolunteerLiHuaisapoliteboy.Heisbothkindandpatient.Heisahelpfulvolunteer.Atschool,heisreadytohelpteachersandclassmates.Atweekends,hetakespartinlotsofactivities.Heoftendoessomecleaninginthestreet.Besides,hegoestothelibrarytohelpcarrybooks.Also,helooksafteroldpeopleinthenursinghome.WeallthinkLiHuaissuchanexcellentboythatweshouldlearnfromhim.We’dliketorecommendhimforTheMostBeautifulVolunteer.考题解析考题解析内容1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。以“最美丽的志愿者”为题，介绍李华的相关事迹。2.写作指导：本文主要采用第三人称，时态采用一般现在时。第一段引出主题；第二段介绍他的具体事迹；第三段表达推荐李华参加这个评选的意愿。写作时保持主谓一致性，逻辑性要强，无语法和标点错误。【2021·浙江省绍兴市中考真题】上个月，你们班为Children’sHome的孩子们组织了一次爱心义卖活动。请根据下表信息用英语写一篇短文，向某英语网站投稿，谈谈本次活动和你的体会。ThingsyoudidThingsyou’velearnedhandoutnoticesmakethingslike…sellthethingsgiveawaythemoneydeveloplifeskills…注意：（1）短文必须包括上表所有信息，可适当增加细节；（2）你的体会至少两条；（3）词数：80—100；（4）短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。参考词汇：义卖活动charitysale短文首句：Lastmonth,ourclasshadacharitysale._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容Lastmonth,ourclasshadacharitysale.Twodaysbeforethesale,wehandedoutnoticestomakeoursaleknownbyothers.Thenwemadedifferentthingslikefoodandtoys.Itwassomuchfun!Wheneverythingwasready,westartedtosellthethings.Tooursurprise,allthethingsweresoldoutinashorttime!Atlast,wegaveawaythemoneywemadetoChildren’sHome.Ithinkitwasameaningfulexperience.Makingthingshelpsdevelopourlifeskills.Meanwhile,wecanlearnhowtocommunicatewithotherswell.Lastbutnotleast,helpingpeoplemakesushappy.考题解析考题解析内容1.题干解读：题目要求根据表格信息写短文，谈谈班上组织的爱心义卖活动及自己的感受。要包含所有要点，可适当发挥。2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称为主，以一般过去时介绍班上的爱心义卖活动，以一般现在时为主表达自己的感受。要做到要点齐全，无单词拼写和语法错误。【2021安徽省中考真题】假定你是李华，曾用攒下来的零花钱做了一件有意义的事并受到家人表扬。请你用英语写一篇短文向校英文报投稿。内容包括：1.事情经过；2.个人感悟。注意：1.词数80~100；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；4.短文题目已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：pocketmoney(n.零花钱);meaningful(adj.有意义的)OnceIWasPraised___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容OnceIWasPraisedOnceIwaspraisedbecauseIdidsomethingmeaningfulwithmypocketmoney.Oneday,Ihappenedtoknowsomestudentsinaschoolwerehungryforknowledgebuttheydidn’thaveenoughbooks.Idecidedtooffermyhelp.WithallthepocketmoneyIsaved,Iboughtsomebooksonline,andgavethemawaytotheschool.Myparentswereveryhappyandpraisedmewhentheyheardaboutit.TheysaidIdidameaningfulthing.Ibelievethateverylittlebithelps.IwillcontinuetodowhatIcantohelpothers.考题解析考题解析内容1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“OnceIWasPraised”为题，结合提示进行写作，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称来行文，时态以一般过去时为主。作文可分为三段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍事情经过；第三段描述个人感悟。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。【2021·山东省临沂市中考真题】在你的学校生活、家庭生活、社会活动及兴趣爱好等方面，一定有让你引以为豪的事情。请以“OneThingI’mProudof”为题，根据以下要求与提示，用英语写一篇短文，记述一件令你感到自豪的事情。要求：1.短文中不得出现任何真实人名、校名及其它相关信息,否则不予评分；2.不少于60词。提示：1.Whatisthethingyou’reproudof?2.

Whyareyouproudofit?OneThingI’mProudof________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容OneThingI’mProudofIstillrememberhowIbecamegoodatEnglish.EveryEnglishclassusedtobelikeabaddreamforme.Ididn’tunderstandmyteachermostofthetime.Oneday,theteachertalkedwithmeandgavemesomeusefuladvice.Ibegantoreviewnewwordsfromtimetotime,evenonthewaytoschool.Ireadaloudtopracticepronunciation.IwatchedEnglishvideos,andkeptadiaryinEnglish.WheneverImetnewwords,Ilookedthemupinadictionary.IkeptusingEnglisheveryday.Practicemakesperfect.Abouttwomonthslater,Igotan“A”inthefinalexam.Iamreallyproudofthisexperience,becauseithelpsmerealizethateveryonecanachievetheirgoalsthroughhardwork.考题解析考题解析内容1.题干解读：该题目属于提纲作文写作。在写作时应根据题目和提示内容以及相关经历讲述一件令自己感到自豪的事情，并介绍原因。2.写作指导：本文采用第一人称进行写作，时态以一般过去时为主；讲述自己英语学习的转变过程，具体细致；结尾介绍原因简洁有力，全文结构清晰明了。【2019·云南省中考真题】Onmyparent’sbirthday某英文网站正在面向全国中学生开展以“感恩父母”为主题的征文活动，请你用英文以“Onmyparent'sbirthday”为题目写一篇记叙文投稿，内容为某次你为妈妈或爸爸庆祝生日的经历。要求：1.语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；2.文中不得使用你的真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计；3.书面表达必须写在答题卡上，如在本卷上作答，一律不得分。参考范文内容参考范文内容Onmyparent'sbirthdayLastSaturdaywehadabirthdaypartyformymotherathome．【高分句型一（开篇点题：时间地点人物事件）Someofmyfriends，myuncleandauntcametotheparty．Everyoneboughtherabirthdaypresent．（买生日礼物）Myfathermadeabigbirthdaycakeandcookedsomedeliciousfood．（做蛋糕，烹饪美食）Myfriendshelpedtoputthecandlesonthebigcake．Weallsataroundthetable．Thenwebegantheparty．Iaskedmymothertoblowoutthecandlesandmakeawish．【高分句型二】Afterthat，wesangthebirthdaysongtogether．（吹蜡烛，许愿，唱生日歌）Intheafternoonwewatchedaninterestingmoviewithmymother．（陪妈妈看电影）考题解析内容考题解析内容高分句型一：LastSaturdaywehadabirthdaypartyformymotherathome．上周六我们在家为我母亲举办了一个生日聚会．haveabirthdaypartyforsb为某人举办了一个生日聚会高分句型二：Iaskedmymothertoblowoutthecandlesandmakeawish．我让妈妈吹灭蜡烛许个愿．asksbtodosth叫某人做某事，blowoutthecandles吹灭蜡烛，makeawish许愿【详解】这是一篇话题作文。要求以自己为妈妈或爸爸庆祝生日的经历，用“Onmyparent'sbirthday”为题目，写一篇记叙文，向某英文网站“感恩父母”主题征文活动投稿。文章时态用一般过去时，人称主要用第一、第三人称。在写作时，注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。【2021·内蒙古赤峰市中考真题】在忙碌的学习之余,你也一定有许多难忘的户外时光。你加过哪些有趣的户外活动呢（比如爬山、植树、野餐……），请描述你参加过的最有意义的一次户外活动,并谈谈你的收获及感悟。题目自拟。要求：1.书写规范,词数60﹣100；2.要点齐全,条理清晰,可适当发挥；3.文中不得出现真实姓名、校名、地名,否则不予赋分；4.请在答题卡指定位置作答,否则不予赋分。参考词汇；climbingmountains；plantingtrees；havingapicnic；hiking；camping；volunteer；community；meaningful；unforgettable..._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容AnUnforgettableActivityAfterbusystudy,wealwayshavealotofunforgettableoutdooractivities.MyunforgettableactivityisthatwegotothemountainstoplanttreesonTreePlantingDaythisspring.OnthemorningofMarch12,allthestudentsinourclassmetattheschoolgateat7o’clock.Somestudentscarriedshovels,somecarriedbuckets,otherscarriedtrees,andwewalkedtothemountainstogether.Afterthewholemorning’shardwork,allthetreeshavebeenplanted.Wewerehappytobebackatschool.Wearetired,butwearehappy.Becauseweknowthatthemoretreesweplant,thebettertheenvironment.AsPresidentXisaid,“greenwaterandgreenmountainsaregoldenmountainsandsilvermountains.”Ithinkweshoulddomoremeaningfulthingsfortheenvironmentinthefuture.考题解析考题解析内容1.题干解读：题目要求根据提示词语，写出自己难忘的一次户外活动，要写一件具体的事情，可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。

2.写作指导：写作时要结合给出的提示词，用第一人称和其他人称相结合来写作，时态以一般过去时和一般现在时为主，要做到条理清晰，逻辑合理，无单词拼写和语法错误。【2021·辽宁盘锦市中考真题】在初中三年的时光里,你不仅学到了知识，也具备了一定的能力。当你克服困难第一次成功地完成某件事情时，这份与众不同的经历一定在你的脑海里留下了深刻的印象。请你以“Myfirsttimeto________”为题，写一篇英语作文，分享你的经历并谈谈你的感受。写作要求：（1）补全标题，词数80-100；（2）语言准确，行文连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；（3）文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。Myfirsttimeto________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容MyfirsttimetoswimAsweallknow,everyonehashisunforgettablememories.IstillrememberthefirsttimeIlearnedtoswim.Lastsummerholiday,Iwantedtolearnhowtoswim.Iaskedmyfathertoteachme.Iwenttotheswimmingpoolwithmyfather.Hetaughtmehowtoswim.Atfirst,Iwasafraidofdivinginthewater.AndIfeltuncomfortableinthewater.Butmyfatheralwaysencouragedme.Hesaidhewouldprotectme.ThenIbegantoswim,butIcouldn’tswimforwardatall.Itmademeupset.Thenmyfathertoldmehowtomove,howtostretchoutmyhandsandlegs.SlowlyIcouldmovealittle.Ittookmeaboutfourhourstolearntoswim.Ifeltquitehappy.Whatanunforgettableexperienceitwas!考题解析考题解析内容1.题干解读：题目是半命题作文，要求以“Myfirsttimeto…”写一篇作文，分享自己第一次做某事的经历并谈谈自己的感受。2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称为主，记叙过去的经历用一般过去时。文章可采用三段式，第一段引出这次经历，第二段详细叙述经历，最后一段讲感受。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。【2021·江苏省苏州市中考真题】在日常生活中,冲突难免发生。请以“Aconflictwith…”为题。用英语写下你与他人（如：家人,老师,同学等）或自己内心发生过的冲突故事。故事需包括冲突的发生和解决。注意：1.词数：100左右;2.请先将标题填写完整，再写文章；3文中不得出现与考生相关的真实姓名，校名等信息;照抄阅读语篇不得分。参考词汇：conflict冲突Aconflictwith________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文内容参考范文内容AconflictwithmymotherIndailylife,conflictsoftenoccur.Isometimeshaveconflictswithmymother.WhenIgothome,shealwayssaidalot.Shewouldaskmeaboutmyperformanceinclass,howIgotalongwithmyclassmatesandsoon.Ifeltreallyboredsometimes.Iwasverytiredafteraday’sclass.WhenIgothome,Ijustwantedtorestanddidn’twanttotalk.Sowhenevermymotheraskedmesomething,wealwayshadsomeconflicts.Later,ItoldmygoodfriendwhatIthought,andshesuggestedthatItalktomymotheraboutwhatIreallythought.Ididasshesuggested.Ihadaheart-to-hearttalkwithmymother.Iexplainedmythoughtsindetailtomymother.Insteadoftalkingaboutitendlessly,mymothergavememorespaceandmadememoreindependent.Intheend,myrelationshipwithmymotherbecameveryharmonious.Weallbecamehappierandmorerelaxed.考题解析考题解析内容1.

题干解读：题目要求根据提示词语，写出自己和谁发生了冲突，包括冲突的发生和解决，可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。

2.

写作指导：写作时要紧扣主题，用第一人称和其他人称相结合来写作，时态以一般过去时为主，要做到要点齐全，无单词拼写和语法错误。【2021·山东省枣庄市中考真题】Writeashortpassageaboutyourparents’changesinthepastthreeyearswhentheygetalongwithyou.（写一篇关于在过去三年里你的父母在与你相处过程中变化的短文。）（请根据下面的提示,在答题卡第六节下面,写出一篇90-120词的短文。注意∶不要出现自己的信息∶诸如姓名、学校,人名可以用英文名字。）l.Thetitleofyourshortpassage.（你的短文的标题。）2.First,writethegeneralintroductionabouthowyourparentsgotalongwithyouinthepast;（首先写关于你父母过去是如何和你相处的总体介绍。）3.Second,writethemostimportantchangeandhowithappened.（其次写最重要的一次变化以及是如何发生的,）4.Third,writeabouthowyoufeelaboutthischange.（最后写一下你对变化的感受。）_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________