新概念英语-第二册-Lesson-10

welcome11welcometo---欢迎来到1welcomesb./sth.欢迎crowd21thecrowd人群alargecrowd一大群人1crowdaround/round1crowdv.聚集，群集alargecrowd

of

一大群---gather31gatherunderthebigclockhand41aminutehand分针anhourhand时针shout5shoutat/tosb.朝---喊叫refuse6refusetodosth.拒绝去做laugh7laughatsb./sth.嘲笑---因---滑稽而笑notany=noIsthereanyteainthepot?Thereisn’tanyteainthepot.=Thereisnoteainthepot.Isthereanyoneatthedoor?Thereisn’tanyoneatthedoor.=Thereisnooneatthedoor.atinon与时间连用at+时间点

如：atfivepastfive

例外：atnoonatnightin+年/月/季节如：in2008on+星期几/具体到天的时间

如：onSundayduring期间

until直到from…till…1.EverydaywehaveEnglishclass_____8:30______11:30.2.Ican'tenterforthesportsmeeting______tomorrow.3.Mid-AutumnDayusuallycomes____SeptemberorOctober.4.ChristmasDayis___December25.5.Thebasketisfull____vegetables.6.Hedidn’tgetup_____thetelephonerang.7.HowlonghaveyoubeeninChina?”“_____1982.8._____themorningofJune27,theyvisitedtheGreatWall.9.Weoftengotothepark____Sundaymorning.Lesson10

Notforjazz81.n.爵士音

____________2.adj.音乐的____________3.n.乐器

___________jazzmusicalinstrument4.n.古钢琴__________5.adv.最近__________6.v.损坏__________7.n.琴键__________8.n.（乐器的）弦

__________9.V.使不悦或生气，震惊

__________10.v.允许，让________11.v.触摸__________12.属于

__________clavichordrecentlydamagekey

stringshockallowtouchbelong◆musical:adj.音乐的musicalbox---musicalstudent有音乐天赋的人---musicstudent学音乐的人Guitarisaverypopularmusicalinstrumentamongtheyouth.musician:音乐家she’safinemusician.

music:音乐音乐是疗伤的好药。Musicisagoodmedicinetocurepain.音乐让人放松。Musicmakespeoplefeelrelax.Popmusic流行乐Rockmusic摇滚乐Classicmusic古典乐Hiphop嘻哈乐R&B说唱乐Jazz爵士乐Softmusic轻音乐Folkmusic民乐◆

instrumentn.乐器---instrument=musicalinstrumentinstrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指医疗、机器等方面的。也可用来泛指各种乐器。◆

clavichordn.古钢琴

◆

recentlyadv.最近recently=latelyinrecentdays,最近一般接现在完成时Haveyouseenhimrecently?◆

damage:v.损坏①n.损害，损失，伤害Whodamagedmycar?---Thestormhasdonealotofdamagetothevillage.②vt.损害，毁坏，损坏---Thecarwasbadlydamagedintheaccident.Theaccidentdidalotofdamagetothecar.表破坏的词break/broken损坏，伤害（程度轻）damage损坏，破坏（程度中等）destroy毁坏，损毁（程度深）◆

keyn.琴键①n.琴键②n.钥匙，答案

keytothedoor门钥匙

Doyouknowthekeytothequestion?③adj.关键的

◆

shock:震惊①v.使不悦或生气,震惊

---Thenewsshocksme.

---I‘mshocked.(被动语态)Iwasshockedatthenewsofherdeath.②n.震惊

getashockshock必指坏事,令人不悦,生气的surprise好事坏事都可以,只要你没有料到的

◆

allow:v,允许Mymotherdoesnotallowmetousethecomputer.Wedon’tallowsmokinginthisroom.

allowsb.todosth:允许某人做某事Pleaseallowmetocarryyourbag.Mybossdoesn‘tallowmetousethetelephone.sb.beallowedtodosth.Janeisallowedtoeatoneappleeveryday.Wearenotallowedtospeakloudly.allow常用于被动语态---Youareallowedtosmoke.(被动语态)---Youarenotallowedtoentertheroomifyoudon'ttakethecardwithyou.◆

touch:触摸①vt.&vi.触摸，碰---Youarenotallowedtotouchthevase.Hetouchedmeonthearm!②vt.谈及，涉及，关系到

---Arise（增加）inthecostoflivingtoucheseveryone.生活费用的增加与每个人都有关系。touch:=move感动Hersadstorytouchedourhearts.getintouchwithsb

与某人保持联系

Shetriedtogetintouchwithhim,buthedidn’tanswerthephone.Keepintouch

Wehaveanoldmusical

instrument.Itiscalledaclavichord.ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.Ourclavichordiskeptintheliving-room.Ithasbelongtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.

【课文讲解】1、Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.

我家有件古乐器。

instrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指医疗、机器等方面的。但它可以用来泛指各种乐器。have没有被动语态musicalinstrument乐器musical乐器的2、Itiscalledaclavichord.

被称作古钢琴。

call在这里的意思是“把……称为”、“称呼”，既可用于主动语态，也可用于被动语态：

E.g.Whatdoyoucallthis?

你们把这称为什么？

E.g.TheycallhimbigTom.

他们叫他“大个子汤姆”。4、Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.

我们的这架古钢琴存放在起居室里。5、Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalong

time.

我们家有这件乐器已经很久了。Thisbookismine/thebookbelongstome/It'smypersonalbook/I'm

inpossessionof

thebook(主语是人）Thebookisinmypossession

Thishousebelongstomeanditbelongedtomyfathertenyeardsago.6、Theinstrumentwasboughtbymy

grandfathermanyyearsage.

是我祖父在很多年以前买的。主动语态：...7、Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.

可它最近被一个客人弄坏了。

Thecarwasbadlydamagedintheaccident.mywatchisoutoforder我的表不走了（状态）Mywatchwasdamaged（强调动作）主动语态...

8、Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!因为她用它来弹奏爵士乐。

playn.玩，演奏（乐器等）

①跟球类连用,直接球类;playfootball

②跟乐器连用,the乐器,演奏乐器而非音乐playtheguitar/piano/

③on.使用某种设备heisonthephone/I”monthecomputer9.Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.

她在击琴键时用力过猛，损坏了两根琴弦。hit/strike/press/touchthekeys10.Myfatherwasshocked.

我父亲大为吃惊。MyfatherwasshockatitIwasveryshockedatwhatIsaw11.Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.

不许我们再动它。NowMyfatherdoesn'tallowustotouchit12.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.

父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器。

Isbeingrepaired是现在进行时的被动语态，表示正在被修理。

afriendofmyfather's此短语中"-s"结构的所有格用于“of”结构之后，构成了双重所有格。1)双重所有格用来表示的所有关系是人，不是物。E.g.afriendofmyfather's=oneofmyfather'sfriends.（表示父亲很多朋友中的一个）

SomepicturesofJohn's=someofJohn'spictures.

(约翰的许多照片中的一部分）

adollofhers-oneofherdolls.(她的许多布娃娃中的一个）2)双重所有格还常用this,that,these和those修饰of短语前面的名词，表示爱，恨，褒，贬等情感。E.g.Thissonofmine我这个儿子ThatdogofRobert's罗伯特的那条狗Thosedirtyhandsofyours你那肮脏的手bemadeof(sth)意思bemadefrom(sth)

bemadein(sp)bemadeby(sb)bemadeintobemademadein表示产地或时间---ItwasmadeinGermany.madeof表示用某种材料制成（通常指制造后不改变该材料原来的性质或形状）---Theteapotismadeofsilver.madefrom表示用数种材料制成，或者是制造后改变了材料原来的性质或形状---Papercanbemadefromwood.madeby表示由谁制造---Thiscakewasmadebymysister.bemadeinto被制成……---Thegoldismadeintoaring.1.Stampismade

paper.2.Tablesaremade

wood.3.Thiskindofpaperismade

_rags(破布).4.Papercanbemadeout

bamboo（竹子）.5.Beerismade

Barley(小麦).6.Thiskindofradioismade

Japan.7.Thisbeautifulcardismade

Tom.

ofoffromfromfrominby根据句子意思,用of,from,inby填空双重所有格/双重属格:名词+of+名词所有格

双重所有格/双重属格:名词+of+名词所有格-’s结构通常用在人名和表示人称的名词的末尾，而of结构则常与无生命的名词连用。-’s结构的所有格可用于of结构之后，称为双重所有格。强调很多当中的一个或几个的时候,选用双重属格结构afriendofmyfather/myfather'sfriend(s)只有一个朋友afriendofmyfather's很多朋友中的一个Ithappenedtoafriendofmine.我的很多朋友中的一个

afriendofmyfather’s我父亲的一位朋友

thenameofthebookthecolorofthepicturethegirl’sname/Mary’sshoesabookofmysister’s被动语态ThePassiveVoiceConclusion:（一）被动语态的构成：be+done.被动语态：主语是动作的承受者。当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。时态被动语态例句一般现在时am/is/are+doneItiscalledanapple.一般过去时was/were+doneThisbikewasboughtlastmonth.现在进行时am/is/are+beingdoneItisbeingrepairedthesedays.过去进行时was/were+beingdoneHewasbeingpunishedwhenIcamein.现在完成时have/has+beendoneTheworkhasbeenfinished.过去完成时had+beendoneTheworkhadbeenfinishedbytheendofyesterday.一般将来时will/shall+bedoneTheworkwillbefinishedtomorrow.过去将来时would/should+bedoneHesaidthattheworkwouldbefinishednextweek.Myroomiscleaned(byme)everyday.房间每天被（我）打扫。1.一般现在时：

Icleanmyroomeveryday.

我每天打扫房间。主语+am/is/are+过去分词PeopleinAustraliaspeakEnglish.Englishisspoken﹙bypeople﹚inAustralia.Practice:

Shewashedherclothesyesterday.她昨天洗了她的衣服。2.一般过去时：主语+was/were+过去分词Herclotheswerewashed(byher)yesterday.她的衣服昨天被(她)洗了。Mr.Henryheardastrangenoiselastnight.Astrangenoisewasheardlastnight(byMr.Henry).Practice:3.情态动词的被动语态：Youcanpasstheexamifyoustudyhard.如果你努力学习，你就能通过考试。Theexamcanbepassed(byyou)ifyoustudyhard.如果你努力学习，考试就能被（你）通过。主语+情态动词+be+过去分词Peoplemaycatchfishintheriver.Fishmaybecaughtintheriver(bypeople).Practice:4.一般将来时：主语+willbe+过去分词Wewillhaveapartytomorrow.我们明天将举行一个聚会。Apartywillbehadtomorrow(byus).一个聚会明天将被（我们）举行。Mymotherwillmeetmeattheschoolgateafterclass.Iwillbemetattheschoolgateafterclass(bymymother).Practice:5.过去将来时：Wewouldhaveapartytomorrow.我们明天将举行一个聚会。Apartywouldbehadtomorrow(byus).一个聚会明天将被（我们）举行。主语+would/shouldbe+过去分词Myfatherwouldmeetmeattheschoolgateafterclass.Iwouldbemetattheschoolgateafterclass(bymyfather).Practice:Theyarebuildingtheplaygroundnow.他们正在建操场。主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词

6.现在进行时:Theplaygroundisbeingbuiltnow(bythem).操场正被(他们)修建。Thestudentsareplantingmanytrees.ManyTreesarebeingplanted(bythestudents).Practice:Iwasdoingmyhomeworkinthereadingroom.我正在做作业.主语+was/were+being+过去分词

6.过去进行时:Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)inthereading.Thestudentswereplantingmanytrees.ManyTreeswerebeingplanted(bythestudents).Practice:7.现在完成时：主语+have/has

been+过去分词Hehaseverreadthebookthreetimes.

他曾读过这本书三遍。Thebookhaseverbeenreadthreetimes(byhim).

这本书曾被（他）读过三遍。Theyhavekeptthepicturesfor2weeks.Thepictureshavebeenkeptfor2weeks(bythem).Practice:8.过去完成时：主语+had

been+过去分词Ihadreadthisbooktwice.我已经看过这本书两次了.Thisbookhadbeenread(byme)twice.1.SheteachesthestudentsEnglisheveryyear.2.ShetaughtthestudentsEnglishlastyear.3.ShewillteachthestudentsEnglishnextyear.4.ShemayteachthestudentsEnglishnextyear..5.IknewthatshewouldteachthestudentsEnglish.ThestudentsaretaughtEnglisheveryyearbyher..ThestudentsweretaughtEnglishlastyearbyher.ThestudentswillbetaughtEnglishnextyearbyher.ThestudentsmaybetaughtEnglishbyhernextyear.IknewthatthestudentswouldbetaughtEnglishbyher.6.SheisteachingthestudentsEnglishnow.7.ShewasteachingthestudentsEnglishwhenIcamein.8.ShehastaughtthestudentsEnglishforthreeyears.9.ShehadtaughtthestudentsEnglishforthreeyearsbeforeIcamehere.ThestudentsarebeingtaughtEnglishbyhernow.ThestudentswerebeingtaughtEnglishwhenIcamein.ThestudentshavebeentaughtEnglishforthreeyears.ThestudentshadbeentaughtEnglishbyherforthreeyears.1.TheTVset

inJapan.A.madeB.makesC.ismade2.Thefloorofourclassroom____

everyday.A.iscleanedB.cleanedC.hascleanedCA3.Mybirdscan

byoneofmyfriendswhileI'maway.belookingafterB.lookafterC.belookedafter4.Iwasn'tathomeyesterday.I

tohelpwiththeharvestonthefarm.A.asked B.wasaskedC.wasasking D.hadaskedBC5.Grandpaisbadlyill.He

tohospitalatonce.mustsend B.mustbesentC.willsend D.maybesent6.Thecomputer

inJapanin2003andIhavehaditforonlyaweek.A.wasmade B.canbemadeC.ismade D.madeBA7.The30thOlympicGames______inBeijingin2012.A.isheldB.willholdC.willbeheld8.Somefamouspaintings____inthehallnextweek.A.willshow B.wereshownC.isshown D.willbeshownCDWehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.Itiscalledaclavichord.ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.

我家有件古乐器,被称作古钢琴,是1681年德国造的.我们的这架古钢琴存放在起居室里.我们家有这件乐器已经很久了,是我祖父在很多年以前买的.可它最近被一个客人弄坏了,因为她用它来弹奏爵士乐.她在击琴键时用力过猛,损坏了两根琴弦.我父亲大为吃惊,不许我们再动它.父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器.

Dowehaveanoldmusicalinstrumentoranewone?Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.2.Wherewastheclavichordmadein1681?ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.3.Whereistheclavichordkept?Itiskeptinthelivingroom.4.Whoboughttheoldmusicalinstrument?Mygrandfatherboughtitmanyyearsago.5.Whathappenedtotheclavichord?Avisitorstruckthekeystoohardandtwoofstringswerebroken.6.Whoisitbeingrepairedby?Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather’s.10.mp3

call

在这里的意思是“把……称为”、“称呼”，既可用于主动态，也可用于被动语态。callsb.sth./sb.becalled

称某人为……，什么被称为……---Whatdoyoucallthis?

你们把这称为什么？belongto:属于belong是一个表示状态的动词，而不是行为动词，所以不能用于进行时，常用的时态是一般现在时和一般过去时。---Thisfarmbelongstomeanditbelongedtomyfatherbeforeme.