2024年辽宁省铁岭市开原市中考英语一模试卷

第1页（共1页）2024年辽宁省铁岭市开原市中考英语一模试卷一、阅读理解1．（8分）Ben：MyFirstdayatSchoolIdon'tremembereverythingaboutmyfirstdayatschool，butmymumalwaystalksaboutit.Iwasonlyfiveandwasverynervous.Therewerelotsofotherkids.Somelikedschool.Theytalkedandlaughed.Somedidn'tlikeschool.Theywerequietandlookedafraid，justlikeme.MsBurtonwasmyteacher.Mymumintroducedmetoher.Thenshewalkedaway...Icried，butsoonalittlegirlwalkedoverandtalkedtome.HernamewasLisa.Shewasn'tafraidorsad，soIwasn't，either.Shewasmyfirstschoolfriend.Ben'smum：MySon'sFirstDayatSchoolBenwasexcitedthenightbeforehisfirstdayatschool.However，inthemorning，hewaskindofnervous.Hewasverynervousatschool，too.Therewerelotsofkidsanditwasverynoisy.Iintroducedhimtohisteacher.HernamewasMsBurton.Shelookedverykindandsmiledalot.ShetriedtotalktoBenbuthedidn'tsayaword.ThenschoolstartedsoIwalkedaway...Hecried，IwassurethingswereOK，butIwalkedbackandchecked.HestoppedcryingandwaswithLisa，hisfirstschoolfriend.Theyarestillfriendstoday.（1）WhatcanweknowaboutBen'sfirstdayatschool？A．Hecriedbecauseofalittlegirl.B．Histeacherfailedtotalktohim.C．Hemadehisfirstfriendinhislife.D．Hisparentstookhimtotheschool.（2）WhendidBen'smotherleavetheschool？A．Afterhecried.B．WhenhesawLisa.C．Whenhisclassbegan.D．BeforeMsBurtonappeared.（3）WhydidBen'smothercometoschoolforasecondtime？A．MsBurtoncalledhim.B．ShewantedtomeetLisa.C．ShewasworriedaboutBen.D．MsBurtonwasfriendlytoBen.（4）Whichpartofthenewspaperisthetextprobablytakenfrom？A．ScienceStudy.B．SportsWorld.C．StarStories.D．SchoolLife.2．（8分）Imagineaperfectday：theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfine.When，suddenly，yourmobilephonelosesitssignal，thetelevisionhasnoprogrammes，andyoucan'tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.Whathashappened？Thesearejustthetypesofproblemsasolarstorm（太阳风暴）mightcause.Youmaynotthinkofstormsasputtingoursocietyindanger.Buttoday，asolarstormisasseriousasotherbadevents，suchasearthquakes.Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太阳耀斑）：largeexplosions（爆炸）neartheSunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystems（卫星系统）thatcontrolourcomputers，telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.Scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.OnehappenedaroundValentine'sDay，2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina."Solarflareactivityisgoingtobemuchworsethanwhatwe'veseeninthepast.We'renottalkingaboutafewcitieslosingpower，itcouldbehalfofthecountry，maybemore，"SolarStormW，aUSwebsiteaboutspaceweather，warned.Scientistssaythatlittlecanbedonetopredictsuchastorm.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretryingtoworktogetherbeforethenextstorm，althoughtheyarenotsurewhenthatmayhappen.（1）Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanknowsolarstormsareoursociety.A．goodforB．farfromC．seldominD．harmfulto（2）Whichistherightorderofthefollowingthings？a.Solarflaresgiveofflotsofenergy.b.Peoplecannotgetonlinewiththeircomputers.c.Solarstormshappen.d.Satellitesystemsarestopped.A．a﹣b﹣c﹣dB．a﹣c﹣d﹣bC．c﹣a﹣b﹣dD．c﹣b﹣a﹣d（3）TheradioandsatellitesignalswentdowninsomenortherncitiesinChina，2011，because.A．asolarstormstoppedB．anearthquakehappenedC．astrongsunflarehappenedD．thesatellitesystemsdidn'twork（4）Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthetext？A．Tointroducewhatsolarstormsaretopeople.B．Toaskpeopletopreventthesolarstormfromhappening.C．Totellpeoplehowtosolvetheproblemscausedbysolarstorms.D．Tocallforscientiststopredictwhenthenextsolarstormwillhappen.3．（8分）MesaVerdeNationalPark，inColorado，America，hasmany"cliffdwellings"—placesthatarebuiltintothecliffs（悬崖）wherepeopleoncelived.Theylookalmostimpossibletogetto.Wholivedinthem，andwhydidtheylivethere？Peoplelivedthereabout800yearsago.AmericanscallthemtheAncestralPuebloans（古普韦布洛人的祖先）.Theygrewfoodonthemesa（平顶山），theflatlandontopofthecliffs.Theykeptanimalsonthemesa，too.Theytravelledoverthemesatotradewitheachother.Whydidn'ttheybuildhomesonthemesa？Onereasonwastheweather.Wintersweregettingcolderandcolder.Themesawasflatandopen.Therewasnoprotectionfromthecoldwinds.Mostofthecliffdwellingsfacesouthorsouthwestfromthecoldnorthwind.Anotherreasonpeopledidnotliveonthemesaisthatthereweremoreandmorepeopletofeed.Homesonthemesawoulduselandthatwasneededtogrowfood.Somepeoplesayathirdreasonwasforsafety.TheysaydifferentgroupsofAncestralPuebloanswerefightingeachother.Thecliffdwellingswerehardtogetinto，sotheykeptthepeoplewholivedtheresafe.Otherpeopledon'tbelieveit.Theysaythegroupstradedtoomuchtohavebeenfighting.Everyoneagreesthatthesepeopleweretheskillfulbuilders，whousedeverybitofspaceinthecliffstomaketheirhomes.（1）Howdoesthewriterleadinthetopic？A．Bytellingstories.B．Bysharingexperiences.C．Byaskingquestions.D．Byexplainingreasons.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutMesaVerdeNationalPark？A．Itisflatandopen.B．Skillfulbuildersbuiltit.C．Itisinoneofcliffdwellings.D．Somepeopleusedtolivethere.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"referto？A．Weather.B．Land.C．Safety.D．Trading.（4）WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheAncestralPuebloans？A．Hard﹣workingandwise.B．Richandhonest.C．Warm﹣heartedbutpoor.D．Lazybutsmart.4．（8分）Healthproblemswhicharerelatedtoclimatechangearegettingworse，saytworesearchreports.Thereportsfollowed44healthproblemsthatarerelatedtoclimatechangearoundtheworld.Theyincludeheatdeaths，infectiousdiseases（传染病）andhunger."Allofthemaregettingworse，"saidMarinaRemanello.SheisresearchdirectoroftheLancetCountdownproject."Withglobalwarminggettingworse，doingnothingonclimateandhealthwillcostmorethanactingnow，"oneofthereportssays.Thereportsarecalled"coderedforahealthyfuture".Onereportiscentred（集中）ontheUSandtheotheriscentredonthewholeworld.Thereportsfoundsomedangerousfacts.At﹣riskpopulationslikeolderpeopleandtheveryyoungaremoreeasilyinfluencedbyhightemperatures.Forpeopleover65，theresearchersfoundtheystayedlivinginwarmplaceswhereitiseasierforsomediseasestospread.Forexample，coastareasarewarmenoughfordangerousbacteria（细菌）togrow.Insomepoornationstheseasonfordisease﹣spreadingmosquitoes（蚊子）hasgotlongersincethe1950s.Theresearchalsofoundthat72percentofcountriessawanincreaseinwildfires.Andin2020，upto10percentoftheworld'slandsurfacewasinfluencedbyextreme（极端的）drought.IntheUS，theheat，fireanddroughtcausedthebiggestproblems.ThePacificNorthwestandCanadasawextremeheatwaves.Anearlierstudyfoundthattheheatwaveswouldnothavehappenediftherewerenohuman﹣causedclimatechange.（1）Theunderlinedword"related"inParagraph1probablymeans"".A．connectedB．spreadC．acceptedD．considered（2）WhatdothereportsfindaccordingtoParagraph3？A．A15﹣year﹣oldboyismoreeasilyinfluencedbyhightemperatures.B．Climatechangedoesn'tinfluencepeoplewhoareunder65.C．It'seasierforsomediseasestospreadinwarmplaces.D．IntheUS，theseasonformosquitoesbecomeslonger.（3）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A．Theresultsofclimatechange.B．Thereasonswhyclimatechanges.C．Healthproblemscausedbyclimatechange.D．Deathscausedbyhuman﹣causedclimatechange.（4）Howisthetextorganized？（①＝Paragraph1，②＝Paragraph2，…）A．B．C．D．5．（10分）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。Haveyoueverimaginedhowpeopleeatinspace？It'snoteasy.Inaword，itisdifferentfromthatonEarth.Thefoodthatastronautscarrywiththemdoesn'tlooklikethefoodyoueat.Somefoodiscarriedinclosedbags.Itiscookedandfrozenbeforetheastronautsgetit.Allthewaterisremoved（去掉）fromthefood.Inthespacecapsule（太空舱），theastronautputsthewaterback.He"shoots"hotorcoldwaterintothefoodbagwithaspecialgun（枪）.Heeatsthefoodthroughasmallholeinthebag.Otherfoodscomeinbite﹣size（一口大小的）.Theastronautputsawholepieceinhismoutheachtime.Therecan'tbecrumbs（食物碎屑）.Crumbswouldfloataroundthecapsuleandgetintheway.Meat，cakesandcereal（麦片）oftencomeinbite﹣sizepieces.Astronautscan'tdrinkwaterfromopencups.Thewaterwouldfloatindropsintheair.Thewaterisputinthespecialgun.Theastronautshootsthewaterintohismonth.Doyouthinkitdifficulttoeatinspace？Astronautsmustlearntoeatthisway.（1）Whatisthefoodtheastronautsgetlike？（2）Whydosomefoodscomeinbite﹣size？（3）Whatwillhappenifcrumbsfloataroundthecapsule？（4）Ifyouareinspace，howwillyoueatordrink？（Write30wordsormore）二、短文填空题6．（8分）阅读短文，从下面所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。TablemannersAllsocietieshavecustomsabouthowtoeatpolitely.InEnglish，wecallthesecustoms"tablemanners".Basedoncultureandlocation，tablemannerscanbequitedifferentfromplacetoplace.It'sveryinteresting!（1）●Insomecultures，it'spolitetoservefoodtoguests，whileinothercultures，peopledon'tdothisbecauseitmakestheguestsfeelliketheyarebeingforcedtoeat.●InmostEastAsiancountries，peopleusechopsticksatthetable.（2）Doyouknowthatinsomeplacespeoplesimplyusetheirhandstoeat？Andinsomeplaces，onlytheirrighthand？●InRussia，it'spolitetoleaveabitoffoodonyourplatetoshowthehostthattherewasplentytoeat.（3）Itmeansyouenjoyedthefood.（4）Sowhenyouvisitanotherplaceoranothercountry，takethetimetolearnthelocalcustomsandmanners.Remember，"WheninRome，doastheRomansdo."A．Herearesomeexamples.B．Differenttablemannersshowdifferentcultures.C．InWesterncountries，peopleusuallyeatwithaknifeandafork.D．ButinIndia，finishingthefoodonyourplateisconsideredpolite.E．Throughouttheworld，youwillfindmanydifferenttablemannersandcustoms.7．（10分）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。TheChineseknothasalonghistory.People（1）（one）madethemtorecordinformationandsendmessagesbeforetheystartedtousewords.TheknotswereusedfordecorationandtoexpressthoughtsandfeelingsintheTangDynasty.TheywerelaterpopularintheMing（2）QingDynasties.Manypeoplestartedtoknowthem.Butthisartwasn't（3）（real）acceptedbythecommonpeople（4）theQingDynasty.Eventoday，Chineseknotsstillholdthevalueoffeelingswhentheyare（5）（send）asgifts.Forexample，loversmaygive（6）knottoexpresstheirlove.The"doublehappinessknot"isgivenandusedatweddingtoshoweach（7）（other）loveandwishesforgrowingoldtogether.Knotsarealsousedwhenpeoplemake（8）（tradition）clothes，inChinalikehanfu.Theycanplaytheroleofbuttonsandnowsilkiswidelyused（9）（make）theseclothingknots.Manytouristsincluding（10）（foreign）liketobuyChineseknotsaspresentsduringtheirtrips.TherearemanyshoppingstreetsforpeopletobuyChineseknots.三、完形填空8．（10分）ThisisastoryaboutastorminMoscow.Ithappenedseveralyearsago.ItwasmyfirsttimethatIhadseensucha（1）storm.ItwasasunnydayinJuly，andIwasathomewatchingTV.Thewindowwasopen（2）theweatherwassohot.Suddenly，Ifeltastrongwindfromoutside.Ilookedoutofthewindowandsawablackskyandtrees（3）overbecauseofthestrongwind.Itriedto（4）thewindow，butthewindmademefalldown.Iwasafraidthattheglassmightbreak.Istoodupandtriedtoclosethewindowagain.（5），Imadeit.ThenIlookedoutside.Ifoundthatthebigtreeinfrontofmyhousewasgoingtofalltothegroundandits（6）hadbrokenoff.Therewasfrequent（频繁的）thunderandlightning.Istartedto（7）alltheappliancesasquicklyaspossible.Afterawhile，thewindstopped，butitbegantohail（下冰雹）.Afterabouttenminutes，everythingstopped，andtheSuncameoutagain.How（8）theweatherwas!Afewminuteslater，thephonebegantoring.Itwasmyfriend.Weaskedeachotherhowitwasandhowwefeltafterthestorm.Inthestreets，manytreesdiedbecauseofthe（9）.Forafewdays，peoplehelpedcleanparksandgardens.Somepeople'scarsweredamagedbytrees'fallingbranchesonthem.The（10）tellsmethatinthefaceofnaturaldisasters，humanbeingsareinsignificant（微不足道的）.Wecan'tstopthem，butwemustprotectourselvesfromthem.（1）A．terribleB．littleC．gentleD．common（2）A．soB．becauseC．butD．though（3）A．comingB．takingC．blowingD．getting（4）A．breakB．cleanC．changeD．close（5）A．LuckilyB．RecentlyC．LoudlyD．Probably（6）A．patternsB．branchesC．toolsD．signs（7）A．switchoffB．turnonC．turndownD．pickup（8）A．hardB．similarC．usualD．strange（9）A．trickB．accidentC．stormD．fire（10）A．expressionB．experienceC．challengeD．exchange四、写作题9．（20分）曾子曰："吾日三省吾身：为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？"习近平总书记在演讲中多次引用这句话，告诫青少年（teenager）要勇于面对自己的缺点，在学习中求真务实。那么怎样成为更好的自己？请你根据以下内容提示，以"HowtoBeaBetterTeenager？"为题，用英语写一篇演讲稿，在演讲比赛中发言。（开头已给出，不计入总词数）要点包括：（1）演讲目的；（2）针对演讲题目给出至少两点建议；（3）发出号召。HowtoBeaBetterTeenager？Hello，everyone，It'smyhonourtostandheretogiveyouaspeech.______Yours，LiHua

2024年辽宁省铁岭市开原市中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、阅读理解1．（8分）Ben：MyFirstdayatSchoolIdon'tremembereverythingaboutmyfirstdayatschool，butmymumalwaystalksaboutit.Iwasonlyfiveandwasverynervous.Therewerelotsofotherkids.Somelikedschool.Theytalkedandlaughed.Somedidn'tlikeschool.Theywerequietandlookedafraid，justlikeme.MsBurtonwasmyteacher.Mymumintroducedmetoher.Thenshewalkedaway...Icried，butsoonalittlegirlwalkedoverandtalkedtome.HernamewasLisa.Shewasn'tafraidorsad，soIwasn't，either.Shewasmyfirstschoolfriend.Ben'smum：MySon'sFirstDayatSchoolBenwasexcitedthenightbeforehisfirstdayatschool.However，inthemorning，hewaskindofnervous.Hewasverynervousatschool，too.Therewerelotsofkidsanditwasverynoisy.Iintroducedhimtohisteacher.HernamewasMsBurton.Shelookedverykindandsmiledalot.ShetriedtotalktoBenbuthedidn'tsayaword.ThenschoolstartedsoIwalkedaway...Hecried，IwassurethingswereOK，butIwalkedbackandchecked.HestoppedcryingandwaswithLisa，hisfirstschoolfriend.Theyarestillfriendstoday.（1）WhatcanweknowaboutBen'sfirstdayatschool？BA．Hecriedbecauseofalittlegirl.B．Histeacherfailedtotalktohim.C．Hemadehisfirstfriendinhislife.D．Hisparentstookhimtotheschool.（2）WhendidBen'smotherleavetheschool？CA．Afterhecried.B．WhenhesawLisa.C．Whenhisclassbegan.D．BeforeMsBurtonappeared.（3）WhydidBen'smothercometoschoolforasecondtime？CA．MsBurtoncalledhim.B．ShewantedtomeetLisa.C．ShewasworriedaboutBen.D．MsBurtonwasfriendlytoBen.（4）Whichpartofthenewspaperisthetextprobablytakenfrom？DA．ScienceStudy.B．SportsWorld.C．StarStories.D．SchoolLife.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二栏"ShetriedtotalktoBenbuthedidn'tsayaword."（她试图和Ben说话，但他一句话也没说。）可知，他的老师试图和他说话，但他没有说一句话，因此他的老师没能和他谈话。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第二栏"ThenschoolstartedsoIwalkedaway"（然后学校开课了，所以我走了）可知，Ben的妈妈是在上课开始时离开了学校。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据第二栏"Hecried，IwassurethingswereOK，butIwalkedbackandchecked."（他哭了，我确定事情没问题，但是我走回去检查了一下。）可知，因为Ben哭了，妈妈很担心，所以再次来到学校。故选C。（4）推理判断题。本文主要介绍了Ben第一天上学的情景，因此可能来自学校生活板块。故选D。2．（8分）Imagineaperfectday：theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfine.When，suddenly，yourmobilephonelosesitssignal，thetelevisionhasnoprogrammes，andyoucan'tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.Whathashappened？Thesearejustthetypesofproblemsasolarstorm（太阳风暴）mightcause.Youmaynotthinkofstormsasputtingoursocietyindanger.Buttoday，asolarstormisasseriousasotherbadevents，suchasearthquakes.Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太阳耀斑）：largeexplosions（爆炸）neartheSunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystems（卫星系统）thatcontrolourcomputers，telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.Scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.OnehappenedaroundValentine'sDay，2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina."Solarflareactivityisgoingtobemuchworsethanwhatwe'veseeninthepast.We'renottalkingaboutafewcitieslosingpower，itcouldbehalfofthecountry，maybemore，"SolarStormW，aUSwebsiteaboutspaceweather，warned.Scientistssaythatlittlecanbedonetopredictsuchastorm.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretryingtoworktogetherbeforethenextstorm，althoughtheyarenotsurewhenthatmayhappen.（1）FromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanknowsolarstormsareDoursociety.A．goodforB．farfromC．seldominD．harmfulto（2）Whichistherightorderofthefollowingthings？Ba.Solarflaresgiveofflotsofenergy.b.Peoplecannotgetonlinewiththeircomputers.c.Solarstormshappen.d.Satellitesystemsarestopped.A．a﹣b﹣c﹣dB．a﹣c﹣d﹣bC．c﹣a﹣b﹣dD．c﹣b﹣a﹣d（3）TheradioandsatellitesignalswentdowninsomenortherncitiesinChina，2011，becauseC.A．asolarstormstoppedB．anearthquakehappenedC．astrongsunflarehappenedD．thesatellitesystemsdidn'twork（4）Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthetext？AA．Tointroducewhatsolarstormsaretopeople.B．Toaskpeopletopreventthesolarstormfromhappening.C．Totellpeoplehowtosolvetheproblemscausedbysolarstorms.D．Tocallforscientiststopredictwhenthenextsolarstormwillhappen.【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Buttoday，asolarstormisasseriousasotherbadevents，suchasearthquakes.（但是今天，太阳风暴和地震等其他恶劣事件一样严重。）可知，太阳风暴对社会是有害的。故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太阳耀斑）：largeexplosions（爆炸）neartheSunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystems（卫星系统）thatcontrolourcomputers，telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.（太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的：太阳附近的大爆炸可以释放出大量的能量。强大的能量可以停止卫星系统，控制我们的计算机，电信网络等。这些风暴甚至会导致电力中断数周或数月。）可知，太阳附近的大爆炸释放出大量能量（对应a），引起太阳风暴（对应c）；强大的能量可以阻止控制我们的计算机、电信网络等的卫星系统（对应d），这些风暴甚至会导致电力中断数周或数月（对应b）。即a﹣c﹣d﹣b。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.OnehappenedaroundValentine'sDay，2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina.（科学家们记录了近年来最强烈的太阳耀斑。其中一起发生在2011年情人节前后。它导致中国北方一些城市的无线电和卫星信号中断。）可知，2011年，因为发生了强烈的太阳耀斑，中国北方一些城市的无线电和卫星信号中断。故选C。（4）主旨大意题。根据第三段Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太阳耀斑）：largeexplosions（爆炸）neartheSunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.（太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的：太阳附近的大爆炸可以释放出大量的能量。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了太阳风暴。故选A。3．（8分）MesaVerdeNationalPark，inColorado，America，hasmany"cliffdwellings"—placesthatarebuiltintothecliffs（悬崖）wherepeopleoncelived.Theylookalmostimpossibletogetto.Wholivedinthem，andwhydidtheylivethere？Peoplelivedthereabout800yearsago.AmericanscallthemtheAncestralPuebloans（古普韦布洛人的祖先）.Theygrewfoodonthemesa（平顶山），theflatlandontopofthecliffs.Theykeptanimalsonthemesa，too.Theytravelledoverthemesatotradewitheachother.Whydidn'ttheybuildhomesonthemesa？Onereasonwastheweather.Wintersweregettingcolderandcolder.Themesawasflatandopen.Therewasnoprotectionfromthecoldwinds.Mostofthecliffdwellingsfacesouthorsouthwestfromthecoldnorthwind.Anotherreasonpeopledidnotliveonthemesaisthatthereweremoreandmorepeopletofeed.Homesonthemesawoulduselandthatwasneededtogrowfood.Somepeoplesayathirdreasonwasforsafety.TheysaydifferentgroupsofAncestralPuebloanswerefightingeachother.Thecliffdwellingswerehardtogetinto，sotheykeptthepeoplewholivedtheresafe.Otherpeopledon'tbelieveit.Theysaythegroupstradedtoomuchtohavebeenfighting.Everyoneagreesthatthesepeopleweretheskillfulbuilders，whousedeverybitofspaceinthecliffstomaketheirhomes.（1）Howdoesthewriterleadinthetopic？CA．Bytellingstories.B．Bysharingexperiences.C．Byaskingquestions.D．Byexplainingreasons.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutMesaVerdeNationalPark？DA．Itisflatandopen.B．Skillfulbuildersbuiltit.C．Itisinoneofcliffdwellings.D．Somepeopleusedtolivethere.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"referto？CA．Weather.B．Land.C．Safety.D．Trading.（4）WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheAncestralPuebloans？AA．Hard﹣workingandwise.B．Richandhonest.C．Warm﹣heartedbutpoor.D．Lazybutsmart.【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段"Wholivedinthem，andwhydidtheylivethere？"（谁住在这，为什么住这？）可知，作者是通过提问导入话题的。故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据第一段"MesaVerdeNationalPark，inColorado，America，hasmany'cliffdwellings'—placesthatarebuiltintothecliffs（悬崖）wherepeopleoncelived."（国科罗拉多州的梅萨维德国家公园有许多建在悬崖上的"悬崖住宅"，曾经有人住过。）可知，有人曾在梅萨维德国家公园生活过，故选D。（3）代词指代题。根据第三段"Thecliffdwellingswerehardtogetinto，sotheykeptthepeoplewholivedtheresafe."（悬崖上的住所很难进入，因此它们保证了居住在那里的人们的安全。）和"Theysaythegroupstradedtoomuchtohavebeenfighting"（他们说，这两个团体的交易额太大，不可能是在战斗）可知，此处"it"指的是人们住在悬崖上是为了安全，即safety，故选C。（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段"Everyoneagreesthatthesepeopleweretheskillfulbuilders，whousedeverybitofspaceinthecliffstomaketheirhomes."（大家都认为，这些人是巧夺天工的建筑者，他们利用悬崖峭壁上的一切空间来建造自己的家园。）可知，古普韦布洛人的祖先既勤劳又聪明，故选A。4．（8分）Healthproblemswhicharerelatedtoclimatechangearegettingworse，saytworesearchreports.Thereportsfollowed44healthproblemsthatarerelatedtoclimatechangearoundtheworld.Theyincludeheatdeaths，infectiousdiseases（传染病）andhunger."Allofthemaregettingworse，"saidMarinaRemanello.SheisresearchdirectoroftheLancetCountdownproject."Withglobalwarminggettingworse，doingnothingonclimateandhealthwillcostmorethanactingnow，"oneofthereportssays.Thereportsarecalled"coderedforahealthyfuture".Onereportiscentred（集中）ontheUSandtheotheriscentredonthewholeworld.Thereportsfoundsomedangerousfacts.At﹣riskpopulationslikeolderpeopleandtheveryyoungaremoreeasilyinfluencedbyhightemperatures.Forpeopleover65，theresearchersfoundtheystayedlivinginwarmplaceswhereitiseasierforsomediseasestospread.Forexample，coastareasarewarmenoughfordangerousbacteria（细菌）togrow.Insomepoornationstheseasonfordisease﹣spreadingmosquitoes（蚊子）hasgotlongersincethe1950s.Theresearchalsofoundthat72percentofcountriessawanincreaseinwildfires.Andin2020，upto10percentoftheworld'slandsurfacewasinfluencedbyextreme（极端的）drought.IntheUS，theheat，fireanddroughtcausedthebiggestproblems.ThePacificNorthwestandCanadasawextremeheatwaves.Anearlierstudyfoundthattheheatwaveswouldnothavehappenediftherewerenohuman﹣causedclimatechange.（1）Theunderlinedword"related"inParagraph1probablymeans"A".A．connectedB．spreadC．acceptedD．considered（2）WhatdothereportsfindaccordingtoParagraph3？CA．A15﹣year﹣oldboyismoreeasilyinfluencedbyhightemperatures.B．Climatechangedoesn'tinfluencepeoplewhoareunder65.C．It'seasierforsomediseasestospreadinwarmplaces.D．IntheUS，theseasonformosquitoesbecomeslonger.（3）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？CA．Theresultsofclimatechange.B．Thereasonswhyclimatechanges.C．Healthproblemscausedbyclimatechange.D．Deathscausedbyhuman﹣causedclimatechange.（4）Howisthetextorganized？B（①＝Paragraph1，②＝Paragraph2，…）A．B．C．D．【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段"Healthproblemswhicharerelatedtoclimate（气候）changearegettingworse，saytworecentreports."（最近的两份报告指出，与气候变化有关的健康问题日益严重。）可推知，related意为"相关的"，与connected意思相近，故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段"Forpeopleover65，theresearchersfoundtheystayedlivinginwarmplaceswhereitiseasierforsomediseasestospread."（对于65岁以上的老人，研究人员发现他们居住在温暖的地方，而这些地方更容易传播某些疾病。）可知，有些疾病在温暖的地方更容易传播，故选C。（3）主旨大意题。根据第一段"Healthproblemswhicharerelatedtoclimate（气候）changearegettingworse，saytworecentreports."（最近的两份报告指出，与气候变化有关的健康问题日益严重。）可知，本文主要介绍与气候变化相关的健康问题，故选C。（4）篇章结构题。由全文可知，第一段总的讲述最近的两份报告称与气候变化相关的健康问题正在恶化，第二、三和四段分别讲述与气候变化相关的健康问题以及原因，所以本文的结构是总分关系，故选B。5．（10分）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。Haveyoueverimaginedhowpeopleeatinspace？It'snoteasy.Inaword，itisdifferentfromthatonEarth.Thefoodthatastronautscarrywiththemdoesn'tlooklikethefoodyoueat.Somefoodiscarriedinclosedbags.Itiscookedandfrozenbeforetheastronautsgetit.Allthewaterisremoved（去掉）fromthefood.Inthespacecapsule（太空舱），theastronautputsthewaterback.He"shoots"hotorcoldwaterintothefoodbagwithaspecialgun（枪）.Heeatsthefoodthroughasmallholeinthebag.Otherfoodscomeinbite﹣size（一口大小的）.Theastronautputsawholepieceinhismoutheachtime.Therecan'tbecrumbs（食物碎屑）.Crumbswouldfloataroundthecapsuleandgetintheway.Meat，cakesandcereal（麦片）oftencomeinbite﹣sizepieces.Astronautscan'tdrinkwaterfromopencups.Thewaterwouldfloatindropsintheair.Thewaterisputinthespecialgun.Theastronautshootsthewaterintohismonth.Doyouthinkitdifficulttoeatinspace？Astronautsmustlearntoeatthisway.（1）Whatisthefoodtheastronautsgetlike？It'scooked，frozenandwithoutwater.（2）Whydosomefoodscomeinbite﹣size？Becausetheastronautcanputawholepieceinhismoutheachtime.（3）Whatwillhappenifcrumbsfloataroundthecapsule？They/Thecrumbswillgetinthewayanditmaybedangerous.（4）Ifyouareinspace，howwillyoueatordrink？（Write30wordsormore）IfIaminspace，Iwillhavetoeatfoodthroughasmallholeinthebagorjustputawholepieceinmymoutheachtime.Asfordrinking，I'llhavetouseaspecialguntoshootwaterintomymouth.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"Itiscookedandfrozenbeforetheastronautsgetit."（在宇航员拿到它之前，它已经煮熟并冷冻了。）可知，在宇航员拿到它之前，它被煮熟并冷冻。故填It'scooked，frozenandwithoutwater.（2）细节理解题。根据第三段"Otherfoodscomeinbite﹣size（一口大小的）.Theastronautputsawholepieceinhismoutheachtime."（其他食物都是一口的大小。宇航员每次都会把一整块放进嘴里。）可知，有些食物是一口的大小，方便宇航员每次把一整片放进嘴里。故填Becausetheastronautcanputawholepieceinhismoutheachtime.（3）细节理解题。根据第三段"Crumbswouldfloataroundthecapsuleandgetintheway."（面包屑会漂浮在太空舱周围，碍事。）可知，食物碎屑会漂浮在太空舱周围，妨碍飞行，是危险的。故填They/Thecrumbswillgetinthewayanditmaybedangerous.（4）个人观点题。根据个人观点，可知如果我在太空中