新课标2024高考英语二轮复习专题练习1名词

PAGEPAGE1专题练习一名词A(2024·诸暨中学高三期中)Oneday,Isawakidwalkinghomefromschool.HisnamewasKyle.Itlookedasifhewascarryingallofhisbooks.Ihadquiteaweekend__1__(plan),soIshruggedmyshouldersandwenton.AsIwaswalking,Isaw__2__bunchofkidsrunningtowardshim.Theyranathim,__3__(knock)allhisbooksoutofhisarmsandhelandedinthedirt.His__4__(glass)wentflying.HelookedupandIsawtheterrible__5__(sad)inhiseyes.Myheartwentouttohim.So,Ijoggedovertohimashecrawledaroundlookingforhisthings.Later,wetalkedallthewayhome,andIcarriedsomeofhisbooks.Helookedhardatmeandgavemealittlesmile.“Thankfully,I__6__(save).Myfriendsavedmefromdoingtheunspeakable.”NotuntilthatmomentdidIrealizeits__7__(deep).Neverunderestimatethepowerofyouractions.__8__asmallgesture,youcanchangeaperson'slife.For__9__(good)orforworse,Godputsusallineachother'slivestoimpactoneanotherinsomeway.Asyoucansee,friendsareangels__10__liftustoourfeetwhenourwingshavetroublerememberinghowtofly.本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的亲身经验，告知我们：“挚友是天使，当我们的翅膀记不住如何翱翔时，他们会把我们扶起来。”1．planned解析：考查过去分词。句意：我有一个很好的周末安排，所以我耸了耸肩，接着前行。have＋宾语＋过去分词，此结构中“宾语＋过去分词”之间是被动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语，故答案为planned。2．a解析：考查固定搭配。句意：当我走着的时候，我望见一群孩子朝他跑过来。abunchof“一群，一束”，故答案为a。3．knocking解析：考查现在分词。句意：他们朝他跑去，把他全部的书都从怀里撞了下来，他摔在了地上。句子主语They和knock之间是一种主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语，故答案为knocking。4．glasses解析：考查名词。句意：他的眼镜飞了出去。此处用glasses表示“眼镜”，故答案为glasses。5．sadness解析：考查名词。句意：他抬起头来，我看到了他眼中可怕的哀痛。此处terrible是形容词，形容词修饰名词，故答案为sadness。6．was_saved解析：考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：谢天谢地，我得救了。我的挚友把我从做那些无法形容的事情中挽救出来。此处句子主语I和save之间是被动关系，结合语境可知用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为wassaved。7．depth解析：考查名词。句意：直到那一刻我才意识到它的深度。此处its是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故答案为depth。8．With解析：考查介词。句意：一个小小的举动，就能变更一个人的一生。with“和……在一起，具有，带有”，故答案为With。9．better解析：考查比较级。句意：无论是更好还是更坏，神把我们放在彼此的生命中，以某种方式影响彼此。依据后面的worse可知此处用比较级，故答案为better。10．who/that解析：考查定语从句。句意：正如你所看到的，挚友是天使，当我们的翅膀记不住如何翱翔时，他们会把我们扶起来。此处angels是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为who/that。B(2024·聊城市模拟)Agriculturalexpertssaycropdiversityisimportanttofeedthe__1__(increase)populationofourplanet.Theysayhavingalargevarietyofplantsalso__2__(help)toprotectagainstpossiblecropdiseasesandfuturecrises.Butmanyexpertssaythenumberhasdecreasedsharplyduringthepastcentury.Oneoftheworld's__3__(large)seedconservationprojectshaspredictedfurtherlosses.TheMillenniumSeedBankPartnershipiswarningthatuptoonehundredthousandplantspeciescould__4__(permanent)disappear.Therichcollectionofgenes__5__decidetheirqualitieswoulddisappearwiththem.Manyexpertsblameclimatechangeandlossofhabitat,normalgrowtharea,fordamagingplantlife.Theysayhuman__6__(activity)andpoorlyplanned,overlyheavyuseoflandalsoareresponsible.Modernbusinessfarmingisresponsible__7__lossoffarmers'traditionalcropvarieties.The“GreenRevolution”ofthetwentiethcenturychangedagriculture.Someexpertssaytheuseofmoderncommercialfarmingmethodssavedmillionsofpeoplefrom__8__(starve).Farmersplanted,watered,andfertilizedtheircropswiththehelpofmachines.Theytreatedtheirfieldswithchemicals__9__(control)diseasesandinsects.Harvestsgrewlargerandhigherquality,__10__anotherresultwasthatsometraditionalcropswerelost.Damagetotheenvironmentoverthepastcenturymakespeoplebelievethatcropdiversityalsosuffered.这是一篇说明文。农作物的多样性对养活地球上不断增长的人口很重要。但是有许多植物正在消逝，缘由是气候变更和(这些植物)栖息地的丢失。1．increasing解析：考查形容词。句意：农作物的多样性对养活地球上不断增长的人口很重要。依据句意，这里要表达的是“增长的”。increase的形容词为increasing，意为“增加的”，符合句意，故填increasing。2．helps解析：考查时态。分析句子成分可知help在宾语从句中作谓语，主语是havingalargevarietyofplants，是单数，所以谓语动词要用单数。全文时态为一般现在时，所以这里也要用一般现在时，故填helps。3．largest解析：考查形容词的最高级。句意：世界上最大的种子爱护项目之一预料将会有更多的损失。依据句意，这里要用所给形容词的最高级，故填largest。4．permanently解析：考查副词。空格处用来修饰动词disappear,permanent为形容词不能用于修饰动词，所以要用其副词形式permanently，故填permanently。5．that/which解析：考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空格处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词为genes，指物，要用that/which来引导这个定语从句，故填that/which。6．activities解析：考查名词单复数。activity为可数名词，本句中没有冠词，说明要用其复数形式，故填activities。7．for解析：考查固定搭配。beresponsiblefor为固定搭配，意为“对……负责”，所以这里要填介词for，故填for。8．starvation解析：考查名词。句意：一些专家说现代商业农业方法的运用使数百万人免于饥饿。空格处为介词from的宾语，starve为动词，不能作宾语，所以用其名词形式starvation，故填starvation。9．to_control解析：考查不定式。句意：他们用化学药品来防治疾病和昆虫。依据句意，(control)diseasesandinsects是treatedtheirfieldswithchemicals的目的，所以用不定式表目的，故填tocontrol。10．but/while/yet解析：考查连词。句意：收成越来越多，质量也越来越好，另一个结果是一些传统作物消逝了。依据句意，Harvestsgrewlargerandhigherquality与wasthatsometraditionalcropswerelost之间是转折关系，一个是好处，一个是坏处，所以要用表示转折关系的连词连接前后两个句子，故填but/while/yet。C(2024·石嘴山三中第三次模拟)MytimeinChinawasa(n)__1__(forget)experience.Everydaywasanewadventure.Imadelife­longfriendsandhadmany__2__(last)memories.Mystudyabroadprogramorganizedtripsforustolearnabouteachcityandtovisitcultural__3__(sight).WhileIwasinBeijing,IclimbedtheGreatWallofChina,andvisitedTian'anmenSquare,theForbiddenCityandtheBird'sNestOlympicStadium.Ialsohadtheopportunityof__4__(stick)inaBeijingthunderstorm,bargaininginthemarket,andridingthehigh­speedtrain.WhileIwasinTianjin,I__5__(study)atNankaiUniversity.IwastakingtheChineselanguageandculturecourses.__6__IenjoyedmostisthatwhateverIlearnedinclass.Iwoulduseitoutsidetocommunicatewithpeople.Havingtheopportunity__7__(speak)Mandarineverydayreallyimprovedmylearning.IntheafternoonIwouldhavecultureclasses__8__IwouldlearnaboutChinesecalligraphy,Beijingopera,Chinesemartialarts,Chinesecookingandmanyothersubjects.Themixoflearningaboutthelanguageandculturemadeeachdayofclass__9__(enjoyable)exciting.Ibelievethatthekey__10__studyingabroadsuccessfullyistheattitudeyoucarry.GoingtoChina,Iwasopen­mindedandhadaverypositiveattitude.本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者来北京留学时看到的风景，以及作者的体验等。1．unforgettable解析：考查形容词。experience为名词，要用形容词修饰，再依据语境可知来中国的旅游是令人难忘的经验，所以用unforgettable。2．lasting解析：考查形容词。修饰名词memories，所以用形容词lasting。3．sights解析：考查名词。参观文化古迹，sight为可数名词，表示名胜古迹一般要用复数。4．being_stuck解析：考查非谓语动词。此句of为介词，介词后要用doing，此处表示自己有机会赶上了北京的暴雨，讨价还价，乘坐高铁，表示被困住用bestuck。5．studied解析：考查时态。依据句子的时间状语从句whileIwasinTianjin，可知句子用一般过去时，所以用studied。6．What解析：考查连词。此处为主语从句的连词。主语从句缺enjoy的宾语，所以用连接代词what。7．to_speak解析：考查不定式。此处表示“干……的机会”，opportunity为抽象名词，后应当用不定式作定语，所以用tospeak。8．where解析：考查定语从句。此句的先行词为cultureclasses，从句缺少地点状语，所以用关系副词where。9．enjoyably解析：考查副词。此处用来修饰形容词exciting，所以要用副词enjoyably。10．to解析：考查介词。此处表示出国留学胜利的关键是看法。thekeyto“……的关键”，为固定搭配。D(2024·泸州市中学第一次诊断性考试)Iwasadmittedtoaordinaryschool.Ifeeldisappointedatthepoorly­equippedclassroom,andIfoundtheteachersfriendlyandconsiderate.Besides,Iwasfondofthewarmatmosphereinclass.Iwasdeterminingtomakethebestofit.Iworkedhardandgotalonggoodwithmyteachersandclassmates.WheneverIhaddifficulties,theywerealwaysreadyhelpmeout.Soon,Ibecameoneofthetopstudentinmyclass,thatmademebecomeconfident.Myexperienceinhighschooloftenremindsmethatitisnothowyouaregivenbuthowyoumakeuseofitthatdeterminesonwhoyouare.答案Iwasadmittedtoeq\o(a,\s\do14(an))ordinaryschool.Ieq\o(feel,\s\do14(felt))disappointedatthepoorly­equippedclassroom,eq\o(and,\s\do14(but))Ifoundtheteachersfriendlyandconsiderate.Besides,Iwasfondofthewarmatmosphereinclass.Iwaseq\o(determining,\s\do14(determined))tomakethebestofit.Iworkedhardandgotalongeq\o(good,\s\do14(well))withmyteachersandclassmates.WheneverIhaddifficulties,theywerealwaysreadyeq\o(∧,\s\do14(to))helpmeout.Soon,Ibecameoneofthetopeq\o(student,\s\do14(students))inmyclass,eq\o(that,\s\do14(which))mademebecomeconfident.Myexperienceinhighschooloftenremindsmethatitisnoteq\o(how,\s\do14(what))youaregivenbuthowyoumakeuseofitthatdetermineseq\o(on,＼)whoyouare.E(2024·云南省其次次中学毕业生检测)Springhascomewithallitsbeauty!Treeshaveturnedgreenorflowerscanbeseeingeverywhere.LastFriday,myfriendsandmewentonaspringouting.Itwassuchagreatfun!Wecycledalongthestreamsanddownthepaths.Itdidn'ttakeuslongtogetthefootofthemountain,whenweleftourbikes.Thenwebeginhiking.Aswereachedthetopofthemountain,wewereshockingtoseemanyplasticbottleandfoodbagshereandthere.Allofusstartedtocollecttherubbishandthentookitdownthemountain.Wefelthappilytohavedoneourpartfortheenvironment.答案Springhascomewithallitsbeauty!Treeshaveturnedgreeneq\o(or,\s\do14(and))flowerscanbeeq\o(seeing,\s\do14(seen))everywhere.LastFriday,myfriendsandeq\o(me,\s\do14(I))wentonaspringouting.Itwassucheq\o(a,＼)greatfun!Wecycledalongthestreamsanddownthepaths.Itdidn'ttakeuslongtogeteq\o(∧,\s\do14(to))thefootofthemountain,eq\o(when,\s\do14(where))weleftourbikes.Thenweeq\o(begin,\s\do14(began))hiking.Aswereachedthetopofthemountain,wewereeq\o(shocking,\s\do14(shocked))toseemanyplasticeq\o(bottle,\s\do14(bottles))andfoodbagshereandthere.Allofusstartedtocollecttherubbishandthentookitdownthemountain.Wefelteq\o(happily,\s\do14(happy))tohavedoneourpartfortheenvironment.F(2024·昆明市高三质检)Ourschoolencouragedustoexperiencesomefuturecareerslastvacation.Somestudentschoosetoworkaseithercashiersinastoreandwaitersatarestaurant.Iwasoneofthe500studenttojoinintheactivity.Idecidedbeanassistantinaphotostudiobecauseof