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句子成分&五大基本句型主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语目录八大句子成分五大简单句“一句话”了解句子成分I

saw

my

friend,July,主语谓语定语宾语同位语playing

inthepark,

he

was

happy补语状语主语系动词表语“一句话”了解句子成分主语谓语定语宾语同位语补语状语表语主干修饰“主语”-主角主语:句子叙述的主体,表示说的是谁或是什么,动作的发出者,被描述的对象。主语一般放句首。祈使句往往省略主语。eg:(You)Turnonthelight.“主语家族”Thebookisnew.名词Heisastudent.代词Sixandtwomakeseight.数词Theoldlikethisfilm.名词化形容词“主语家族”Tobeateacherismydream.不定式Gettingupearlyisgoodforourhealth.动名词Whatsheneedismoney.句子找主语Theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.

Theyoungareenergetic.Swimmingisinteresting.

Tomakeaplanfirstisagoodidea.

Helikessinging.

Whathewantsisacupofwater.(名词)

(代词)(数词)(动名词)

(不定式)(句子)(名词化的形容词)“谓语”-主角发出的动作谓语:帮助说明主语,表示主语的动作、行为或所处的状态。通常由动词的各种形式或动词短语来充当,并且必须和主语在人称和数上一致“谓语”-主角发出的动作Sheplayschess.动词Igetupearlyeveryday.Youmustobeytherules.Sheisateacher.动词短语情态动词+动原系动词系动词be动词感官系动词:look/feel/sound/taste/smell变化系动词:become/come/get/grow/turn/go持续系动词:keep/stay表象系动词:seem/appear终止系动词:prove/turnout找“谓语”Ninagoestoschoolonfooteveryday.Helooksupthiswordinhisdictionary.Youshouldtakeanumbrella.Thecaketastesdelicious.(动词)

(动词短语)

(情态动词+动词)

(系动词)

“宾语”-“配角”主语发出动作的承受者Welikeanimals.名词Imethimyesterday.Tenandtwomakestwelve.Heenjoysplayingfootball.代词数词动名词Shewantstobeateacher.不定式Shelikestohelptheold.名词化的形容词Iwanttoknowwhosheis.句子找“宾语”Julyhitstheball.

Iloveyou.

Pleasegivemethethird.Hedecidedtobuyanewcar.

Isuggeststaringtheworkatonce.

Youcanhelpthepoor.

Idon’tknowwhetherhewilcometomorrow.(名词)

(代词)

(数词)

(不定式)

(动名词)

(名词化形容词)

(句子)

“表语”-主语的补语Sheisabeautifulgirl.名词Thepenismine.Hewasthefirsttoleave.Thisappletastesdelicious.Iamhere.代词数词副词形容词Sheisintheclassroom.介词短语“表语”-主语的补语MyhobbyislisteningtothemusicMydreamistobeateacher.动名词不定式Thisiswhyheargueswithme.句子找“表语”Myfatherisadoctor.Heis35,Heisverystrict.Look!Heisthere.Myjobisteaching.Toseeistobelieve.Theproblemishowwecanfindhim.(名词)

(数词)

(形容词)

(副词)

(动名词)

(不定式)

(句子)

“定语”-人靠“衣”装定语是限定修饰名词或代词的句子成分Therearefourappletressinthefarm.名词数词sheisabeautifulgirl.形容词Mysonisclever.代词ThegirlhereisJuly.副词Iwantsomethingtodrink.不定式“定语”-人靠“衣”装定语是限定修饰名词或代词的句子成分Thesingingbirdiscute.现在分词Mysonisclever.代词Ilikethisswimmingpool.动名词Iwantsomethingtodrink.不定式现在分词VS动名词现在分词:dancinggirl女孩正在跳舞动名词:asleepingbag睡袋,bag的用途是睡觉Thebabywhoiseatingismyson.句子找“定语”Ilikethereadingroom.Ilikethestorybook.Ilikethefirstbook.Ilikeyourbook.Ilikethebookthere.Ilikethebookontheshelf.Ilikethesmilinggirl.Ihaveanlettertowrite.Heistheteacherwhoteachesusmath.(名词)

(动名词)

(数词)

(代词)

(副词)

(介词短语)

(现在分词)

(不定式)

(句子)

“状语”-搭“场景”状:形状;形式;样子;表示状态;如:时间,地点,条件,原因,结果,目的,方式等“状语”-搭“场景”时间状语Hegoestoschooleveryday.地点状语Heissleepingathome.条件状语Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgoforapicnic.原因状语Hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.“状语”-搭“场景”目的状语Hecametoseehisfriend.方式状语Hegoestoschoolonfoot.伴随状语Theteacherwentintotheclassroom,followedby3students.程度状语Sherunsveryfast.让步状语Althoughheistired,heworkshard.找“状语”Iwillcallyoutomorrow.IliveinBeijing.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillgetgoodgrades.Iwasangrybecauseyouwerelateagain.Igetupearlyinordertocatchtheearlybus.Hespeaksslowly.Heenteredtheroom,smiling.Shedancesverywell.Althoughitwasraining,hegoestoschool.(时间状语)

(地点状语)

(条件状语)

(原因状语)

(目的状语)

(方式状语)

(伴随状语)

(程度状语)

(让步状语)

“补语”-宾语补足语用来拓展资料宾语的结果,程度,趋势,状态,数量等,与宾语一起构成复合宾语。“补语”-宾语补足语Wecallthepuppyjelly.名词Weshouldkeeptheroomclean.形容词Pleaselettheboyin.副词“补语”-宾语补足语Iwantyoutohelpjack.不定式Isawaboyrunninginthepark.现在分词Shecouldn’tmakeherselfunderstood.介词短语过去分词Hefoundhisfriendintrouble.找“补语”WecallthegirlJuly.Theypaintedthedooryellow.Iaskedthegirlin.Wehaveinvitedallthefriendstocome.Wesawthegirlssingingintheclassroom.Nobodynoticedtheofficebrokeninto.Shefoundherselfatthefootofthemountain.(名词)

(形容词)

(副词)

(不定式)

(现在分词)

(过去分词)

(介词短语)

“同位语”-“分身”对一个名词或代词进行拓展资料解释说明的词。Thisismystudent,July.Theyeachcanjointhisteam.Wefouraregoodfriends.Thenewsthathewillcomeistrue.名词代词数词句子同位语与其前面解释说明的名/代词地位平等找“同位语”Juy,ateacher,isfromChinaTaiwan,apartofChina,isanisland.IamteachingEnglish,alanguage.Ilikethedog,thewhiteone.Wesawthegirlssingingintheclassroom.MysisterJulyliveshere.WeChinesepeoplearebraveExercise指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:1.Thepenwriteswell.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Heaskedmetositdown.状语间宾

直宾谓语

状语定语宾补五大简单句主谓主谓宾主系表主谓间宾直宾主谓宾宾补五大简单句1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)2.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语

3.主语+系动词+表语

4.主语+谓语+宾语(间宾)+宾语(直宾)

5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语

主+谓Theboysleeps.主语谓语表明主语发出了什么动作不及物动词:本身意思完整,不需要宾语及补语。常见的词:appearapologizearrivecomedieexisthappen主+谓+宾Iloveyou.主语谓语后面直接加宾语,意思才完整。宾语主+系+表Heisastudent.主语系动词表示主语的身份、特征、状态等。表语系动词标准系动词beamisarewaswere感官系动词feeltastesmellsoundlook表象系动词seemappear持续系动词keepstayremain变化系动词gogetturngrowcomebecome主+谓+间宾+直宾Shegavemomagift.主语谓语间宾直宾在这句话里,她“给”的是“礼物”,不是把“妈妈”给出去,因此“agift”是直接宾语,“mom”是间接宾语主+谓+间宾+直宾双宾:主语+谓语+间宾+直宾=主语+谓语+直宾+for/to+间宾to:表示方向指向,强调传递for:表示目的,强调受益awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.颁奖给某人bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.把某物带给某人handsb.sth.=handsth.tosb.把某物递给某人lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把某物借给某人mailsb.sth.=mailsth.tosb.把某物寄给某人offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.将某物给某人owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠某人某物passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.把某物递给某人paysb.sth.=paysth.tosb.付给某人某物(钱)postsb.sth.=poststh.tosb.把某物寄给某人readsb.sth.=readsth.tosb.把某物读给某人听returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.把某物还给某人sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.把某物送给某人sellsb.sth.=sellsth.tosb.把某物卖给某人servesb.sth.=servesth.tosb.拿某物招待某人showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.拿某物给某人看takesb.sth.=takesth.tosb.把某物拿给某人teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.教某人某物tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.告诉某人某情况booksb.sth.=booksth.forsb.为某人预定某物buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.为某人买某物choosesb.sth.=choosesth.forsb.为某人选某物cooksb.sth.=cooksth.forsb.为某人煮某物drawsb.sth.=drawsth.forsb.为某人画某物fetchsb.sth.=fetchsth.forsb.为某人去取某物findsb.sth.=findsth.forsb.为某人找到某物fixsb.sth.=fixsth.forsb.为某人准备(修理)某物getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.为某人拿来某物makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.为某人做某物ordersb.sth.=ordersth.forsb.为某人订购某物picksb.sth.=picksth.forsb.为某人采摘某物preparesb.sth.=preparesth.forsb.为某人准备某物savesb.sth.=savesth.forsb.为某人留某物singsb.sth.=singsth.forsb.为某人唱某物(歌)sparesb.sth.=sparesth.forsb.为某人让出某物stealsb.sth.=stealsth.forsb.为某人偷某物主+谓+宾+宾补Wemadetheroomclean.主语谓语宾语宾补在这句话里,只说madetheroom使这个房间,是不完整的,总得使房间怎么样了,所以要加上后面的补语使

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