鲁教版初中英语九年级下册知识梳理

【Unit1】语法：虚拟语气If+一般过去时句子，主语+would+动词原形。知识点：1.hundred百，thousand千,million百万,billion十亿前面有确切数字时不加s不加of如twohundred前面没有确切数字时加s加of如hundredsof2.worryabout…=beworriedabout…为…担心3.else修饰疑问词、不定代词、不定副词要后置。如：whatelse,somethingelse4.enjoyoneself玩的高兴enjoydoing喜欢做某事5.helpsb.(to)dosth.Helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事6.too…to…，not…enoughtodo.so…that…7.beafraidtodosth.beafraidofdoing/n.害怕做某事8.not…atall=not…intheslightest一点也不9.plentyof=alotof许多…10.wouldratherdothando,woulddoratherthando,prefertodoratherthando.宁愿做…而不愿做…11.befriendlyto…对某人友好12.befamousfor…因为…而著名befamousas…作为…而出名13.somethingbad形容词修饰不定代词要后置14.stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下来去做某事15alone客观上一个人“独自”livealone独居lonely主观上感到孤独feellonely感到孤独【Unit2】1.must“一定”;can’t“一定不”“不可能”may/might/could“可能”2.belongto+名词/代词=besb’s“属于”3.because+句子;becauseof+短语4.在附近intheneighborhoodneighbor指人5.usedtodo过去常常做某事get/beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事beusedfordoing被用来做某事6.happentosb.某人发生什么事。happentodo碰巧做某事7.havefun玩得高兴havefundoing做某事玩的高兴8.Therebesbdoingsth.某人正在做某事9.escapefrom…=runawayfrom…从…逃跑10.toomuch+不可数名词toomany+复数“太多…”muchtoo+形容词/副词“太…”11.becarefulof…小心…becareful(not)todo小心（不）做某事12.useup=runoutof用尽用光13.Notonly…butalso…不但…而且…连接主语时就近原则14.not…until…直到…才…直到他母亲回来他才会去睡觉。Hewon’tgotobeduntilhismothercomesback.15.arriveat+小地点arrivein+大地点getto+地点reach+地点【Unit3】1“数词+量词（复数）+形容词(long,deep,wide,high)”，常用来表示长度、深度，宽度、高度等。2.foot脚、英尺复数:feet3.pound磅、英镑4.weigh(动词)重、称…重量；weight(名词)重量5.discover发现（原来存在）invent发明（原来不存在）6.pollute污染（动词）polluted被污染的（形容词）pollutedwater被污染的水7.endangeredanimals濒危动物8.beagainstdoing反对做某事befordoing赞成做某事playagainst…对抗…、和…比赛9.besuitablefor…适合…10.WhatIsaw我所看到的;Whathesaid他所说的话11.ahousetolivein一所住的房子12.surprised修饰人surprising修饰物besurprisedtodo做某事很吃惊besurprisedat…对…感到吃惊Toone’ssurprise令某人吃惊的是surprisesb令某人吃惊13.providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.为某人提供某物14.takecareof,carefor,lookafter15.urgesb.todosth.强烈呼吁某人做某事16.agreewithsb.同意某人disagreewithsb.不同意某人【Unit4】语法：被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。•一般时现在时：am/is/are+done•一般过去时：was/were+done•含有情态动词：情态动词+be+done知识点：1.beusedfordoingsth.beusedtodosth.“被用于干某事”，2.beusedassth.“被当作---使用”。3.beusedbysb.“被某人使用”。4.be/getusedtodoingsth.“习惯于做某事”。5.usedtodosth.“过去常常做某事”。6.bymistake错误地byaccident偶然地makeamistake/makemistakes犯错误7.saltyenough足够咸8.makesb.adj.使某人…makesb.do使某人做某事9.intheend=atlast=finally10.although=though虽然不能与but连用because不能与so连用11.not…until直到…才…12.sometime一段时间;sometimes有时sometime某个时候（将来）;sometimes很多次13.decidetodo决定做某事14.noticesb.dosth.表示“注意某人干了某事”，强调动作的过程。noticesb.doingsth.表示“注意到某人正在干某事”，强调动作正在发生。15.Itissaidthat…据说Itisreportedthat…据报道Itisbelieved/discovered/foundthat…【Unit5】宾语从句：语序：陈述句语序。时态：主过从过，主现从随便。引导词：that引导陈述句，无词意，可省略。if/whether引导一般疑问句。“是否”(与ornot连用时,只能用whether而不能用if)特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问句。1.—Doyouknow____tomorrow?—At8o\clock.A.whendidshecomeB.whenshecameC.whenwillshecomeD.whenshewillcome2.We’llplanttreestomorrow,andIdon’tknow_____Tomwillcomeandjoinus.A.ifB.whichC.whatD.where3.Theteacheraskedus________.A.whendidIfinishmyworkB.whydidn’twetellhimaboutitearlierC.whatwewereinterestedinD.wherewearegoingtohaveourlunch4.Bobaskedme_.A.whatwasshedoingB.whatisshedoingC.whatshewasdoingD.whatsheisdoing5.Wedon’tknow_______itnext.Let’sgoandaskMr.Li.A.whattodoB.todowhatC.whethertodoD.todowhether知识点1.decidetodo决定做某事2.talkto/withsb.跟某人谈话talkaboutsth.谈论…3.prefer名词to名词prefertodopreferdoingpreferdoingtodoingprefertodoratherthando4.sb.+spend时间/钱（in）doingsth.onsth.sb.pay钱forsth.sth.costsb.钱Ittakessb时间todosth.5.getdressed穿好衣服getdressedin+衣服/颜色dresssb.给某人穿衣dressupas…打扮成…6.inordertodoinorderthat+从句为了….Sothat+从句【Unit6】过去完成时含义：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生在“过去的过去”。构成：had+动词过去分词用法：(1)by，before+过去的时间Bylastyear,before2000,bytheendoflasttermIhadfinishedmyhomeworkbefore5o’clock.Wehadlearnt2000wordsbylastterm.(2)用于复合句中:两个动作都是过去发生，先发生的用过去完成式，后发生的用一般过去式。HesaidhehadgonetoBeijingtwice.WhenIgottoschool,thebellhadalreadyrung.Bythetimewegotthere,thefilmhadalreadybegun.知识点：1.getto…到达gettoschool到达学校gethome到家2.leave+地点离开某地leavefor+地点动身去某地leave地点for地点离开某地去某地leavesth.+地点把某人落在某地3.getup起床takeashower洗澡4.starttodo/startdoing开始做某事5.Comeout出来，开花，出版6.Comeby经过7.Givesbaride让某人搭便车8.Makeit做到，成功9forgettodo忘记要做某事for