英语中that的用法

英语中that的用法“that”在英文中是一个使用频率很高的单词。它有四种词性，并且句法及语法功能纷繁复杂。同学们如果不能熟练掌握其用法，很可能会形成英语学习的一种障碍，从而影响其学习兴趣和效率。现将that的用法总结归纳如下：第一、that用作形容词（后接复数名词时用those）。它用来指已被提到的人或物；也可表对比，指两个中较远的那个。Whataboutthatbookyouborrowedfrommelastmonth？请注意，that有时候在句子中具有喜欢或轻蔑等感情色彩。thatlittlesonofhis他那个小宝贝儿子ThatGeorge！乔治那家伙！（含有轻蔑语气）第二、that用作代词。1.that用作指示代词（复数形式是those），其指代意义同形容词用法，同时它还可以用作定语从句中的先行词；还可为了避免重复，代替前述名词。Thatiswhathetoldme.Whatisthat(which)youhavegotinyourhand?Thepriceofriceishigherthanthatofflour.2.that用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句。先行词可人可物，用法相当于who或which。（但是在下列情况下多用that：先行词既有人又有物时；先行词有形容词最高级、序数词、不定代词、very，only等修饰时；先行词是不定代词时）Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.Ithinkitoneofthemostwonderfulfilmsthatthefilmcompanyhaseverproduced.Shehaslittleinformationthatisusefulforourresearch.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?请注意，that在定语从句中作宾语时通常可省略。Thebooks(that)Isentyouwillhelpyouinyourstudies.第三、that用作连词，引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。1.that名词性从句。①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。Ididn'texpect(that)hecouldwinthechampionship.TheteacherpointedoutthatTomwasnotworkinghardenough.②引导主语从句。通常采用it作形式主语的句型。Thattheearthgoesaroundthesunisknowntoeveryone.（Itisknowntoeveryonethattheearthgoesaroundthesun.）③引导表语从句。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.④引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的that和引导定语从句的that是不同的。前者只起语法作用，在从句中不作任何成分；而后者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。举例说明：Thenewsthatheresignedfromofficesurprisedus.Theideathatheholdsisverycommonnowadaysoncampus.2.that引导状语从句①引导目的状语从句。BringitnearerthatImayseeitbetter.②引导结果状语从句。WhathaveIdonethatheshouldbesoangrywithme?③引导原因状语从句。IamafraidthatIwillfailinthedrivingtest.④引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然、尽管”。Difficultthat/asthetaskwas,theymanagedtoaccomplishitontime.⑤引导条件状语从句。意为“假使、假设”。Supposingthatyouwereinmyposition,whatwouldyoudo?Onconditionthatyouwerelostinthedesert,youshouldaskforhelpassoonaspossible.3.引导强调句。ItisMrs.Whitethatmakesthedecisioninherfamily,nothermeeklittlehusband.Itisanillwindthatblowsnobodygood.第四、that用作副词。1.that用作普通副词。Iwasthat/soangryIcouldhavehithim.2.that用作关系副词。引导定语从句，可以代替when，where，why或inwhich，常可省略。Iwillneverforgettheevening(that)/whenwewenttothetheatre.Thehouse(that)/whereIusedtolivehasbeenknockeddown.第五，与that有关的常见重要短语。1.inthat，意为“既然、因为”。Criticismandself-criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpsuscorrectourmistakes.2.nowthat，意为“既然、由于”。Nowthattheyhavetakenmattersintotheirhands,thepaceofeventshasquickened.3.see(toit)that，意为“注意、务必做到、保证”。Wewillseetoitthatshegetshomeearly.Seetoitthatyouarenotlateagain.4.seeingthat，意为“鉴于、由于”。Seeingthatitis8o'clock,we'llwaitnolonger.Seeingthathewasbusywithhiswork,Ididn'tdisturbhim.以上是that主要用法的概述，希望能对大家有所帮助。当然，that还有其他的一些用法，需要我们在学习的过程中不断地积累和总结。That用法总结一、that用作形容词（后接复数名词时用those）。它用来指已被提到的人或物；也可表对比，指两个中较远的那个。Whataboutthatbookyouborrowedfrommelastmonth？请注意，that有时候在句子中具有喜欢或轻蔑等感情色彩。thatlittlesonofhis他那个小宝贝儿子ThatGeorge！乔治那家伙！（含有轻蔑语气）二、that用作代词。1.that用作指示代词（复数形式是those），其指代意义同形容词用法，同时它还可以用作定语从句中的先行词；还可为了避免重复，代替前述名词。Thatiswhathetoldme.Whatisthat(which)youhavegotinyourhand?Thepriceofriceishigherthanthatofflour.2.that用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句。先行词可人可物，用法相当于who或which。（但是在下列情况下多用that：先行词既有人又有物时；先行词有形容词最高级、序数词、不定代词、very，only等修饰时；先行词是不定代词时）Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.Ithinkitoneofthemostwonderfulfilmsthatthefilmcompanyhaseverproduced.Shehaslittleinformationthatisusefulforourresearch.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?请注意，that在定语从句中作宾语时通常可省略。Thebooks(that)Isentyouwillhelpyouinyourstudies.三、that用作连词，引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。1.that名词性从句。①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。Ididn'texpect(that)hecouldwinthechampionship.TheteacherpointedoutthatTomwasnotworkinghardenough.②引导主语从句。通常采用it作形式主语的句型。Thattheearthgoesaroundthesunisknowntoeveryone.（Itisknowntoeveryonethattheearthgoesaroundthesun.）③引导表语从句。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.④引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的that和引导定语从句的that是不同的。前者只起语法作用，在从句中不作任何成分；而后者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。举例说明：Thenewsthatheresignedfromofficesurprisedus.Theideathatheholdsisverycommonnowadaysoncampus.2.that引导状语从句①引导目的状语从句。BringitnearerthatImayseeitbetter.②引导结果状语从句。WhathaveIdonethatheshouldbesoangrywithme?③引导原因状语从句。IamafraidthatIwillfailinthedrivingtest.④引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然、尽管”。Difficultthat/asthetaskwas,theymanagedtoaccomplishitontime.⑤引导条件状语从句。意为“假使、假设”。Supposingthatyouwereinmyposition,whatwouldyoudo?Onconditionthatyouwerelostinthedesert,youshouldaskforhelpassoonaspossible.3.引导强调句。ItisMrs.Whitethatmakesthedecisioninherfamily,nothermeeklittlehusband.Itisanillwindthatblowsnobodygood.四、that用作副词。1.that用作普通副词。Iwasthat/soangryIcouldhavehithim.2.that用作关系副词。引导定语从句，可以代替when，where，why或inwhich，常可省略。Iwillneverforgettheevening(that)/whenwewenttothetheatre.Thehouse(that)/whereIusedtolivehasbeenknockeddown.五，与that有关的常见重要短语。1.inthat，意为“既然、因为”。Criticismandself-criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpsuscorrectourmistakes.2.nowthat，意为“既然、由于”。Nowthattheyhavetakenmattersintotheirhands,thepaceofeventshasquickened.3.see(toit)that，意为“注意、务必做到、保证”。Wewillseetoitthatshegetshomeearly.Seetoitthatyouarenotlateagain.4.seeingthat，意为“鉴于、由于”。Seeingthatitis8o'clock,we'llwaitnolonger.Seeingthathewasbusywithhiswork,Ididn'tdisturbhim.以上是that主要用法的概述，希望能对大家有所帮助。当然，that还有其他的一些用法，需要我们在学习的过程中不断地积累和总结。六、必须用that的情况:1.在there+be的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。例如：TherearetwonovelsthatIwanttoread.我要读的有两本小说。Thereisnoworkthatcanbedonenow.没有什么工作现在能做的了。2.当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。例如：Thisisthebookthatwasboughtyesterday.这就是昨天买的书。Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。That’sagoodbookthatwillhelpyoualot.3.以Hereis(are)开头的句子时。例如：HerearetwobooksthatIwillbuy.这是我要买的两本书。Hereisafilmthatwillmoveanyone.这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。4.Itis(high)time+定语从句中。例如：Itistimethatweshouldhavearest.我们应该休息了。Itishightimethattheystartedout.他们该动身了。5.当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者inwhich在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，常可省略。例如：Thisisthewaythatmyfatherdidthiswork.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。SheadmiredthewayinwhichIansweredthequestions.她羡慕我回答问题的方式。6.在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that引导。例如：HeisthestudentthatIhaveeverseewhocanjumphighest.他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。Mybrotherstudiesintheschoolwhichisthemostbeautifulinourcitythatisn’tfarfromhere.我的弟弟在我们的城市最美丽的学校读书，并且离这儿不远。7.当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。例如：ThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.这正是我找的钢笔。TheonlybookIwanttoreadismissing.我唯一想看的书不见了。There’slittletimethatwecanspare.ThatistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.8.在强调句子中，并且以who,which,what开头时。例如：Whowasitthatwaslost?究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，避免重复。）Whatwasitthatyoudidlastweek?你上周究竟做什么了？9.当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：YouarethefirstpersonthatIwanttoaskfor.你是我要见的第一个人。ThisisthesecondbookthatIhaveeverwritten.这是我写的第二本书。ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveeverseen10.当先行词被no,all,everything,nothing,something,much,little,some,few,none,both,theone…等不定代词修饰时IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Hasallthatcanbedonehasbeendone?ThisisallthatIwanttosayatthemeeting.这就是我在会上要说的。Haveyouanybooksthatareworthreading?你有值的看的书吗？11.当先行词既指人又指物时。例如：TheprofessorandhisachievementthatIheardaboutareadmiredbythem.我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到他们的赞美。Let’stalkaboutthepersonsandthethingsthatwecanremember.让我们谈论能够想起的人和事。Lookatthegirlandthedogthatcrossthestreet.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.12.当先行词为anything、everything、nothing时，关系代词用that,不用which；但用something时，用which或者that均可。例如：EverythingwehaveseeninChinaismoving.我们在中国看见的东西件件感人。Ihavenothingthatisworthreading.我没有什么值得一读的东西。13.先行词为who,which,或以who、which开头的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复Whothatknowshimwouldtrusthim?Whichofthebooksthatwereborrowedfromthelibraryisyours?Whothatyouhaveeverseencanbeathiminchess?你曾见过谁能在棋艺上打败他？七、关系代词宜用who,不用that的情况1当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,everybody等词时Theoneswhoareoftenlatedon’tpleaseme.2当先行词为those时.Thosewhoareagainsttheplancangivetheiropinions.3在以therebe开头的句子中,be后面的名词为先行词时.TherewerefewscientistswhocouldexplainEinstein’sTheoryofRelativity.4在分隔定语从句中或当先行词有较长的短语作后置句语时.ImetalittlegirlatthepartyyesterdayeveningwhocouldspeakEnglishfluently.5在非限制性定语从句中Lincoln,whowaslovedbyallAmericans,waskilledatthetheatreinWashingtonD.CTHAT的用法集锦湖北省宣恩第一中学李绍璜尤进国看下面句子，能说出句中各个that的用法吗？Thatteachersaidthatthatthatthatthatboyusedinthatsentencewasnotcorrect.That在英语中是一个使用频率很高的词。它可用作代词、副词，形容词，连词、关系代词等，在句中可作主语，宾语，定语，状语或起联结作用等。下面就that的主要用法作一些归纳，以供同学们复习时参考。that用作指示代词，指代某人或某物,或指上文提到的人或事物(单数名词).”那个”ThisisMaryandthatisJack.Thatisyourcoat.Fewpleasurescanequalthatofacooldrinkonahotday.Isthatwhyyouhadafewdaysoff?Whoisthat?Isthatyou?(电话用语)that用作形容词限定单数名词,”那个,那”,或作副词修饴形容词或副词,表程度.”那么”ThatdayImetanoldfriendofmineinthestreet.Thatbikeofyoursisbroken.Ican’twalkthatfar.Theweatherisnotthatcold.三,引导从句的that.与有关词构成短语,如sothat(以便,以致),so...that(如此…以致),such…that(如此…以致),inorderthat(以便),forfearthat(以免),onconditionthat(假设),nowthat(既然),inthat(因为)等,引导的状语从句,且that不可省。Theystartedsoearlythattheymightarriveintime.Itissuchaheavyboxthatnobodycanmoveit.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchensothathecouldpreparehisgradsurprisefortheparty.Heworkedhardinorderthathemightcatchupwiththeothers.Nowthatyouhavegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.Advertisingisdifferentfromotherformsofcommunicationinthattheadvertiserpaysforthemessagetobedelivered.二)that用作从属连词，引导名词性从句，且在从句中没有意义,也不充当成份,引导宾语从句时有时可以省略,但引导主语从句,表语从句和同位语从句时一般不省略.要注意从句的位置.Thathecamelatemadehisteacherangry.(主从)Thatyoudon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.(主从)有时用it作形式主语，把从句置于谓语动词之后时，that可以省略。例如：Itisapity(that)hehasmadesuchamistake.(主从)Itworriedheralittlethatherhairwasturninggray.(主从)Mysuggestionisthatweshouldstartearlytomorrow.(表从)Myideaisthatweshouldgetmorecomradestodothework.(表从)I’mafraid(that)youdon’tunderstandwhatyousaid.(宾从)Idon’tbelieve(that)theyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.(宾从)Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.(宾从,且that不可省)Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.(宾从,且that不可省)EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened.(宾从,且that不可省)Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.(同位从句)WordcamethatsomeAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollage.(同位从句)Informationhasbeenputforwardthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.(同位从句)三)、that用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，替代其前面的先行词,充当从句的主语和宾语,其先行词既可是人也可是物.当它作从句的主语时，that不可省。但如作从句的宾语时，that可省略Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.Finally,thethi