专题10 重点语法知识梳理四：代词及专练100题（原卷版）-2021-2022学年八年级英语下学期期末考点大串讲（牛津上海版）

专题10重点语法知识梳理四：代词及专练100题Grammar1：代词Ⅰ.概念代词是代替名词的一种词，中考要求学生主要掌握的有人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词和it的用法。Ⅱ.人称代词/物主代词/反身代词我你他她主格Iyouheshe宾格meyouhimher形容词性物主代词myyourhisher名词性物主代词mineyourshishers反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherself我们你们他们它主格weyoutheyit宾格usyouthemit形容词性物主代词ouryourtheirits名词性物主代词oursyourstheirsits反身代词ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesitself注意：（1）主格与宾格：人称代词主格作主语，宾格作宾语，例如：Mr.WangteachesusEnglish.（2）人称代词的顺序：口诀：单数二三一，复数一二三，受到批评我在前，承认错误你在后。单数：you+he/she+I复数：we+you+they例如：You,heandIareallthewinners.We,youandtheyarethreegroups.I,Lileiandyouarewrong.Weshoulddomorefortheproject.（3）名词性物主代词可以用在of后做定语，相当于“of+名词所有格”表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一位朋友。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句子中起名词的作用，可单独使用。例Ours（Ourcity)isaninternationalcity.Iforgottotakemyumbrella.MayIshareyours(=yourumbrella)?-Whosepenisthis?-It’shers.（5）反身代词还和一些动词或介词构成固定搭配。teachoneself自学bepleasedwithoneself对自己满意byoneself单独地，独自地enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun玩的高兴loseoneself专心于某事，埋头于某事 helponeselfto随便吃lookafteroneself照顾自己（6）物主代词用于固定搭配的词组onone’sown独自holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸onone’swayto...去……的路上toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是tryone’sbesttodo...尽全力做……makeupone’smindtodo...下定决心做……Ⅲ.it的用法代替前面提到的事物。-Whereisthebook?-TheonewithV-neck.Theoldhouseshavebeenpulleddown,andlotsofnewoneswillbebuilt.作主语，表示时间、距离、天气等。It’stimeforustohavelunch.指婴儿或不知道对方是谁。It’salovelybaby.-Thereisaknockatthedoor.Whoisit?-It’sme.做形式主语。ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.Ⅳ.指示代词表示时间和空间远近关系的代词叫指示代词。这,这个那，那个这些那些thisthatthesethose注意：有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替。TelevisionsetsmadeinBeijingarejustasgoodasthosemadeinShanghai.this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。Hello!ThisisMary.IsthatJackspeaking?Ⅴ.疑问代词疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：疑问代词意思用法who谁问人whose谁的问主人whom谁问人（宾语）which哪一个问选择what什么问东西、事物Ⅵ.不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。不定代词没有确定的对象，常用的有：all,each,every,both,either,neither,one,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,no以及由some,no,any,every构成的复合词。both/all,each/every两者三者或三者以上都both（2/2）all(3/3)都不neither(0/2)none(0/3)或者（任一个）either(1/2)any(1/3)每一个each（≥2）every（≥3）注意：neither/noneof+名词的复数形式+谓语动词三单。neither…nor…或either…or…用就近原则。复合不定代词-thing-body-one-whereevery-everythingeverybodyeveryoneeverywheresome-somethingsomebodysomeonesomewhereany-anythinganybodyanyoneanywhereno-nothingnobodynoonenowhere复合不定代词后面通常可以加else,如somethingelse（另外的东西），anyoneelse（其他人），代词的所有格形式为somethingelse’s,anyoneelse’s修饰复合不定代词的形容词要放在它们的后面。例如：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinghappen?Thereissomethingwrongwithmycomputer.★noone,nothing,none辨析noone仅用于表示人指代可数名词用来回答who的问题不可跟ofnothing仅用于表示物指代不可数名词用来回答what问题不可跟ofnone可用于表示人或物指代可数或不可数名词用来回答howmany/howmuch问题可跟ofNoneoftheseshoesfit/fitsmewell.--Whostayedintheclassroom?--Noone.--What’sinthebox?--Nothing.--Howmuchmoneyhaveyougot?--None.one,other/antherone指不定的人或物，ones是复数形式other用作单数或修饰单数时，前面必须加the；常与one连用：one...andtheother...;other的复数是others，表示“其他的人或物”。another表示“另一个人或物”或“再来一个”。★one...theother:特指两个之中的“一个……另一个……”。例如：Ihavetwouncles.Oneisateacherandtheotherisafarmer.★one...theothers/theother+名词复数：特指三个或三个以上的情况，“一个……另一些/另几个……”。例：Therearefourboysintheclassroom.Oneisreading.Theothersaretalking.Therearefiveflowersinthevase.Oneispurple.Theotherfouronesarered.★some...theothers/some...otherssome...theothers是指在一个特定的范围内，“一些……，另一些/其余的……”some……others是指比较泛的范围内，“一些……，别的一些……”。它们通常用来描述有很多人或事物的场面，表示不完全的列举。例如：Thestudentsarebusywiththeexperiment.Someareoperatingthemachine.Theothersarerecordingtheresults.Manyoldpeopleareinthepark.Somearewalking.Othersaretalkingaboutthenews.★eachother/oneanothereachother指两个人或物之间“相互……”。oneanother指三个及三个以上的人或物之间“相互……”。例如：Afterthetennismatch,thetwoplayersshookhandswitheachother.Afterthefootballmatch,alltheplayersshookhandswithoneanother.不定代词分组辨析①many/muchmany和much都表示“许多，很多”。many后跟可数名词，much后跟不可数名词②some/anysome和any都表示“一些”，既都可以和可数名词和不可数名词连用。但通常情况下，some用在肯定句中，any用在否定句和一般疑问句中。例如：Ihavegotsomecrisps.Howmuchbreadhaveyougot?Ihaven’tgotany.☆some有时也用于疑问句，通常表示邀请、请求。例如：Wouldyoulikesometea?Willyoubuymesomecake?★当any用在肯定句中时，表示“任何一个，无论哪个”。例如：They’reallfree-takeanyyoulike.Ⅶ.考纲词汇梳理AlltheChinesepeoplewillneverforgetthewonderful2008BeijingOlympicsbecausethewholeworldfocusedattentiononChinaandonBeijing.全中国人民永远也不会忘记2008年令全世界瞩目的北京奥运会。【拓展1】focusondoingsth.集中注意力于做某事payattentiontodoingsth.=concentrateondoingsth.【拓展2】forgetv.忘记forgettodosth.忘记去做某事 forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事forgetfuladj.健忘的（描述人） unforgettableadj.难忘的（描述事件或物）【拓展3】ThefirstOlympicGameswereheldatOlympia.第一届奥林匹克运动会在奥林匹亚举行。注意：无论是的泛指的奥林匹克运会还是特指的哪一届的运动会，谓语动词都用复数。Thefanssaythatthisfilmstarhasbeenmarriedfor4years,butactuallyshejustmarriedthatrichgentleman2yearsagoinGermany.影迷称这位电影明星已经结婚4年了，但其实这位明星是2年前在德国与一位富商结婚的。【拓展1】marryv.结婚AmarryBA娶/嫁了B =Aget/bemarriedtoB注意：没有bemarriedwith这个用法AmyhasalreadymarriedTom.AmyhasbeenmarriedtoTomfortwoyears. 与for+一段时间的时间状语连用，注意marry要变成bemarriedto【拓展2】richadj.丰富的；富有的therich富人（们） enrichv.丰富【拓展3】filmn.电影；胶卷Duringthechildhood,weoftendependedonourparentswhenwewereintroublewhilewetrytobeindependentofthemafterwegrowup.小时候，凡是遇到困难我们总是依靠父母，长大后，我们靠自己。【拓展1】dependv.依靠 dependencen.依赖independentadj.独立的 independencen.独立dependon依赖于；取决于relyon依赖beindependentof独立于...【拓展2】beintrouble处于麻烦中havetrouble/difficulty/problems(in)doingsth.做某事有困难【拓展3】growv.成长；种植；变得grow-grew-grown growthn.成长代词专练100题一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．Boysandgirls,introduce___________,please.

(you)2．Terryburied________inhisworkandforgottohavelunch.(he)3．Mary’selectricironwasdead,sosheaskedmetolendher_________(I).

4．IfMaryisn’tpleasedwiththestyleofuniforms,whynotdesign________?(she)5．Letmeintroduce________toyou.(my)6．Yourclassroomisonthefirstfloor,________isonthetopfloor.(us)7．Max,canyoutellmesomethingsabout___________(you)?8．Youshouldn’tthinkonlyof________,mykids.(you)9．Help________tosomefish,everyone.(you)10．Ithinkitis_________tolistentothesamestoryagainandagain.(bore)11．Thechildrenenjoyed_________whentheywerehavinganautumnouting.(they)12．John,don’ttouchthemachine,oryoumayhurt________.(you)13．It’s________ofyoutomakesomanymistakes.(care)14．Wesataroundthefiretokeep________warm.(we)15．DoesthisMP5belongto________?(she)16．ThejacketbelongstoDavid.Thejacketis________.(he)17．Theysayit’sabeautifulplace,butI________haveneverbeenthere.(me)18．Tom,bebraveandbelievein________.Itisthefirststeponyourwaytosuccess.(you)19．Mike’shobbyisplayingbasketball.________islisteningtomusic.(I)20．Beforegivingananswer,thestudentswereaskedtodiscussamong________first.(they)21．Lily,onlyeight,isabletotakecareof________whenherparentsareoutonbusiness.(she)22．Pass________acupoftea,please.(he)23．I’dliketoshowyousomephotosof_________duringmyvisittotheU.K.(I)24．Theprettygirllookedat________inthemirror.(she)25．Whenwefailinanexam,weshouldtell________nottogiveuphalfway.(our)二、单项选择26．Mandycanspeak________Japaneseandwrite________Japanesewords.A．alittle;afew B．alittle;alittle C．afew;alittle D．afew;afew27．Someanimalsarebeingprotectedbylaw,but________areingreatdanger.A．theothers B．other C．another D．others28．Wedon'tknowtreescancommunicate__________one__________.A．with;other B．to;another C．with;others D．with;another29．ThisismyfirstvisittoShanghai.Ihave________friendshere.A．little B．few C．alittle D．afew30．Susanisnewhere.However,shegetsonwellwith________.A．we B．our C．us D．ourselves31．Gooddoctorsthinkmoreofothersthan________.A．they B．them C．themselves D．theirs32．Ifyouarehungry,youcanlookforsomethingtoeatinthefridge.Maybethereis_________bread.A．afew B．alittle C．few D．little33．Thispassageiseasytounderstandbecausetherearevery________newwordsinit.A．afew B．few C．alittle D．little34．Thestudentsgavetheteacher________creativerhymingpoemsthenextday.A．they B．their C．them D．theirs35．Thereisn’t________interestinginthenewspaper.A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything36．Nowadayschildrentreate-productsasnecessitiesin_________dailylife.A．they B．them C．their D．theirs37．Myparentsofferedalotofbooksforme,butI’veonlyread_________ofthem.A．few B．afew C．little D．alittle38．Ididn’tbuyanythingexpensiveinFrance,just________smallthings.A．few B．afew C．little D．alittle39．Lily’swishistobeareporterwhenshegrowsup.What’s________,Tony?A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself40．Thelittlegirlfinishedherapplequicklyandaskedfor________one.A．another B．other C．theother D．theothers41．Somepeoplegotothepubtomeetfriends,while_______mayjustwanttohaveadrink.A．another B．theother C．others D．theothers42．Thereisn’t________interestingorsurprisinginthenewspapertoday.A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing43．Therearealotofstudentsintheplayground.Somestudentsarerunning.________areplayingfootball.A．Theother B．Theothers C．Others D．Another44．Hetookoutapairofstockings.Onewaswhite,but________wasblack.A．other B．theother C．others D．another45．Somestudentshavesharedtheirtravelexperiences.Wouldyouliketoshare________?A．you B．yourselves C．your D．yours46．Sorryforbeinglate.________urgenthappenedonmywayhere.A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything47．Listeningtomusicmakes_________easyformetorelax.A．this B．it C．that D．one48．—Wouldyoulikesomesnacksorapieceofchocolatecake?—_________.Idon’thaveanyfoodbeforegoingtobed.A．Neither B．Both C．Either D．None49．Thefarmerisverybusybecausehehasso______sheeptokeepandso______worktodoeveryday.A．much,many B．many,muchC．many,alot D．alot,many50．ImadeaphonecalltoHelenyesterday,but______answeredit.A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody51．I’vegottwoticketsfortonight’sconcert.Oneisforme,_______isforyou.A．other B．another C．theother D．others52．Idon’tlikethisphone.Canyougiveme________one?A．other B．another C．others D．theother53．________ofthesepeoplewillberesponsiblefortheiractions.A．None B．Nobody C．Noone D．Nopeople54．Thisjacketisalittlesmallforme.Canyoushowme________one?A．other B．another C．theother D．theothers55．MaybeIeat________junkfood,soIammuchfatterthanbefore.A．alittle B．toomuch C．afew D．toomany56．Wechatmakes________easyformetocommunicatewithmyrelativesabroad.A．its B．it C．this D．that57．Youcan’thaveatripabroadwithso________money.A．little B．few C．alittle D．afew58．OneofthehelpfulwaystolearnEnglishisreading,________aloud________toyourself.A．either；or B．both；and C．neither；nor D．not；but59．Ihaveacoininmyrighthandandaticketinmy________hand.A．another B．others C．theother D．other60．Youmayfeelthattimegoesbyveryquicklywhenyoudo________interesting.A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something61．Somepeoplelikefreshskimmedmilk,________likeyogurt.A．theothers B．others C．theother D．other62．Idon’tlikethisT-shirt.Wouldyoupleaseshowme________one?A．theother B．another C．theothers D．other63．WejusthopethatPeterwillbring________goodnewsbackhomethistime.A．some B．many C．few D．little64．AsMr.Wangisill,doyouknowwhowillteach________English?A．we B．us C．our D．ours65．SomepeopleprefertopaybyQRcode.________wouldliketopaybyAlipay.A．Theothers B．Another C．Others D．Theother66．Twoboyssaw________inthestreet.A．somethingstrange B．anythingstrange C．strangesomething D．strangeanything67．You’vegotsomanybooks.Couldyoupleaselendme________toread?A．anything B．any C．something D．some68．Ihavelostmypen.Imustbuy________today.A．it B．this C．one D．that69．They’vetakeneverythingwith________.A．them B．themselves C．they D．their70．I’msureyouwillsee________inShanghaiDisneyland.A．anythinginteresting B．interestingsomethingC．interestinganything D．somethinginteresting71．Kittystayeduplatelastnighttotalkwithafriendof________ontheinternet.A．hers B．herself C．her D．she72．—Wouldyoulikesomesnacksorapieceofchocolatecake?—________.Idon’thaveanyfoodbeforegoingtobed.A．Neither B．Both C．Either D．None73．Shehasgotabigwoodenhouseof________own.A．her B．herself C．she’s D．hers74．Thereis________foodleftinthefridge,let'sgotothesupermarkettobuysome.A．little B．alittle C．few D．afew75．Itwassocareless________youtomakeso________mistakes.A．for...many B．of...much C．of...many D．for...much76．I________thelifehere,soI’mstrugglingforanewlifein________city.A．don’tuseto...other B．don’tuseto...anotherC．amnotusedto...other D．amnotusedto...another77．Ifyou________cash,Iwilllend________toyou.A．shortof...it B．shortof...some C．areshortof...it D．areshortof...some78．Ifyouhavefinishedtheexercisesonthefront,youmay________thepaperanddotheoneson________side.A．turnover...another B．turnup...theother C．turnover...theother D．turnup...another79．Amytoldmetherewas________thathappenedtoheryesterday.A．somethingstrange B．strangesomethingC．anythingstrange D．strangeanything80．Therearethirty-twoclerksinthisoffice.Twoofthemarehavingtheirholidays,and________thirtyarebusydealingwithsomeaffairs.A．theothers B．others C．theother D．other三、完成句子81．Itis________________________________.(在公共场合盯着别人看和相互大声嚷嚷是不礼貌的)四、同义句转化82．Treescanpasinformationtoeachother.(保持句意基本不变)Treescanpassinformationto________________.83．Jackspenthalfanhoursolvingthedifficultproblem.(保持句意基本不变)It________Jackhalfanhourto________thedifficultproblem.84．Thesituationissoseriousthatwemustdosomethingtosavetheearth.(改为同义简单句)____________________________85．IspendoverhalfanhourreadingEnglisheverymorning.(保持句意基本不变)It_____________