专题10句子种类课件2025年中考英语人教版一轮专题复习

第二部分语法精研专题十句子种类返回目录目录CONTENTS要点聚焦·精准导练01专项练习·能力通关02命题点一陈述句知识必备陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人观点或看法的句

子。读时一般用降调，句末用句号。肯定句主语＋be动词＋其他Lily

is

an

American

girl.

主语＋实义动词＋其他His

parents

teach

math

in

this

school.主语＋情态动词＋动

词原形＋其他She

can

speak

a

little

English.陈述句的结构否定句主语＋be动词＋not＋其他We

were

not

at

home

last

night.主语＋助动词＋not＋动词原形＋其他We

didn’t

have

an

umbrella

so

we

were

wet

and

cold.主语＋情态动词＋not＋动词原形＋其他Because

of

the

bad

weather，

we

couldn’t

see

anything

below

the

hill.小试身手按要求改写句子。1.

（2024·重庆A卷）ShevisitedhergrandparentslastSunday.（改

为否定句）She

her

grandparents

last

Sunday.2.

（2024·牡丹江）Thelittlegirlistooshytospeakinpublic.（改

为同义句）The

little

girl

is

so

shy

that

she

in

public.3.

Hisbrotherjoinedthearmythreeyearsago.（改为同义句）His

brother

in

the

army

for

three

years.didn’t

visit

can’t

speak

has

been

命题点二疑问句1.

一般疑问句：一般疑问句是能用yes或no来回答的疑问句，答句的主

语一般用代词。其结构为：（1）Be动词＋主语＋其他？be动词示例am，

is，

are，

was，

wereIs

your

brother

at

home？Was

the

farmer

nice？（2）助动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？助动词示例do/does/did，

have/has，

shall，

will，would等Did

everyone

have

a

good

weekend？Will

schools

be

different

in

the

future？（3）情态动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？情态动词示例can（could），

wil（would），

may（might），

must，

need，

shall（should）等Can

I

take

a

message

for

him？May

I

ask

why

you

made

that

decision？Should

I

ask

him

when

he

will

arrive

here？情态动词示例注意：用情态动词must提问时，否定回答用needn’t或don’t

have

to。

如：－Must

I

give

the

book

back

to

the

library

this

week？－No，

you

needn’t/don’t

have

to.疑问代词用法示例what对事物或者抽象概念提问What’s

the

matter？

询问职业或身份What

is

your

father？＝What

does

your

father

do？后接名词构成疑问词组What

animals

do

you

like？2.

特殊疑问句：由疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句，不能用yes或

no回答，答语为陈述句。（1）疑问代词的用法疑问代词用法示例who/whom对人提问，主格用

who，宾格用

whom/whoWho

went

to

the

park

with

Jack？

Whom

did

Tom

go

to

the

park

with？

whose对所属关系提问Whose

handbag

is

lost？which询问范围中的哪一个Which

girl

is

your

sister？which后接名词构成疑问词组Which

color

do

you

prefer，

red

or

purple？（2）疑问副词的用法疑问副词用法示例when询问时间When

does

he

get

up

in

the

morning？

where询问地点Where

did

you

go

on

vacation？

why询问原因Why

do

you

like

pandas？

疑问副词用法示例why提出建议Why

don’t

you

have

a

try？＝Why

not

have

a

try？how询问健康How

is

he

feeling

today？

询问方式How

do

you

make

a

kite？

询问特征How

was

your

school

trip？

疑问副词用法示例注意：how后接形容词、副词等，表示询问时长、频率、数量、价格、

距离等，如：

how

many多少；how

much多少（钱）；how

long多长时间；how

often多久一次；how

soon再过多久；how

far多远3.

选择疑问句：选择疑问句是说话者提供两种或两种以上的情况，对

方可根据实际情况回答。结构答语示例一般选择疑问

句：一般疑问句＋

or＋选择项？不用yes或no回答，

可用完整的陈述句

或简略形式回答，

也可用不定代词

all，

both，

neither，either或none回答－Do

you

like

English

or

math？－I

like

English./English./I

like

both./Neither.结构答语示例特殊选择疑问

句：特殊疑问句，选择项A＋or＋选择项B？不用yes或no回答，

可用完整的陈述句

或简略形式回答，

也可用不定代词

all，

both，

neither，either或none回答－Which

book

do

you

like

best，

Harry

Potter，

Little

Women

or

The

Journey

to

the

West？－I

like

Harry

Potter

best./I

like

all

of

them.小试身手请根据下面的对话内容，在空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思

连贯、完整。Lily：Hi，

Mary！

1.

⁠Mary：Hi，

Lily！

I’m

fine.

Thank

you.

2.

⁠

⁠Lily：I

am

going

to

practice

my

spoken

English

in

an

English

club.How

are

you？

What

are

you

going

to

do？

Mary：Wonderful！

3.

⁠

⁠Lily：Because

I

want

to

try

out

for

a

volunteer

of

the

9th

Asian

Winter

Games

in

Harbin.Mary：4.

⁠Lily：It

will

be

held

in

February

2025.Why

do

you

practice

your

spoken

English？

/Why

do

you

want

to

do

that？/…

When

will

it

be

held？/When

is

it？/…

Mary：Oh，

it’s

around

the

corner.

I

also

want

to

be

a

volunteer

for

it.

Can

I

join

you？Lily：5.

⁠Mary：Great！6.

⁠Lily：I

go

to

the

English

club

twice

a

week.Mary：OK.

Let’s

prepare

for

the

volunteer

interview

together.Yes，

you

can./Yes.

How

often

do

you

go

to

the

English

club？

命题点三祈使句知识必备祈使句用于表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。谓语动词用原

形，没有时态和数的变化。形式结构示例肯定

形式（Please＋）动词原形＋其他Please

call

me

back

when

you

get

home.Be＋表语（＋其他）Be

quiet！Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他Let’s

go

for

a

walk

after

supper.形式结构示例否定

形式Don’t

＋动词原形＋其他Don’t

be

late

for

class

again.No＋名词/动名词No

smoking！Never＋动词原形＋其他Never

judge

a

person

by

his

appearance.1.

为了加强语气，可在肯定形式的祈使句前加do，意为“务必；一

定”。如：Do

listen

to

the

teacher.务必要听老师的话。【注意】2.

以Let’s开头的祈使句，其答语通常为“Goodidea./OK.

/Yes，I’dlove

to.”等。其他肯定祈使句的答语常用“Yes/OK，Iwill.”等。否定祈使句的

答语常用“Sorry/No，Iwon’t（doitagain）.”等。如：◆－Let’s

go

to

the

movies.

－Good

idea.

◆－Clean

the

room

after

school.

－Yes，

I

will./OK，

I

will.

◆－Don’t

be

late

again.－Sorry，

I

won’t.

3.

“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句（表结果）”结构，可转换为含if引导的条

件状语从句的复合句。如：Think

it

over

and

you

will

find

the

answer.＝If

you

think

it

over，

you

will

find

the

answer.认真考虑，你会找出答案的。小试身手根据括号内所给提示完成语篇。

Do

you

know

how

to

make

delicious

chicken

soup？

If

you

follow

these

steps，

you

can

enjoy

it.

First，

you

need

a

pot.

Clean

the

pot

and

1.

⁠

（将一些水倒入锅中）.

Heat

it

as

you

do

other

things

for

cooking.

Then，

you

need

some

chicken，

vegetables，

salt

and

pepper.

2.

（切碎鸡肉）

and

vegetables.

Next，

3.

⁠

（把鸡肉放入锅中）

when

the

water

boils.

Wait

for

about

an

hour

and

add

the

vegetables.

Cook

for

about

ten

minutes

and

then

4.

（加点盐）

and

pepper.

Finally，

pour

out

chicken

soup

into

bowls.

5.

⁠

（不要立即吃）

because

it’s

too

hot！

You

can

enjoy

it

with

your

family

five

minutes

later.pour

some

water

into

the

pot

Cut

up

the

chicken

put

the

chicken

into

the

pot

add

some

salt

Don’t

eat

at

once

命题点四感叹句引导词结构示例whatWhat＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词

单数（＋主语＋谓语）！What

a

big

success

the

fashion

show

is！What＋形容词＋可数名词复数

（＋主语＋谓语）！What

interesting

stories

she

told！whatWhat＋形容词＋不可数名词

（＋主语＋谓语）！What

delicious

food

you

served

us

tonight！引导词结构示例howHow＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！How

strongly

the

wind

is

blowing！How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词

单数（＋主语＋谓语）！How

nice

a

place

it

is！How＋主语＋谓语！How

time

flies！小试身手单句填空。每．空．一．词．。1.

helpfulJudyis！Shealwayshelpsothersinneed.2.

（2024·云南）

meaningfulday！Wevolunteeredto

cleanupourcitypark.3.

（2024·成都）

excitingnews！The2025WorldGameswill

beheldinChengdu.How

What

a

What

以下是李华的一篇习作，其中有十处错误，请找出并进行改正。

My

English

teacher

is

Mr.Green.

He

like

my

hero.

He

not

only

teach

me

English，

but

also

cares

for

me

all

the

time.

I

will

remember

he

forever.∧teachheisteacheshim

I

am

still

remember

it

was

a

rainy

day.

I

found

I

didtake

an

umbrella

after

school.

I

stand

in

front

of

the

school

gate.

I

thought

I

will

be

all

wet

when

I

got

home.

Suddenly，

I

saw

a

man

come

towards

me.

It

was

Mr.Green.

He

gave

me

a

lift.

What

kind

and

warm

he

is！standwillcomeWhat

I

love

Mr.Green

and

I

hope

to

be

a

student

that

he

is

proud

of.

Although

I

graduate

soon，

he

will

always

be

in

my

heart.graduatedidn’t

stoodwouldcomingHowwill

graduatestand一、按要求改写句子。每．空．一．词．。1.

（2024·白银）MarycomesfromAustralia.（改为一般疑问句）

Mary

from

Australia？2.

（2024·白银）Openthedoor.（改为否定句）

the

door.3.

（2024·牡丹江）ThestudentsinGroup5havemadeaproperchoice.

（改为感叹句）

proper

choice

the

students

in

Group

5

have

made！Does

come

Don’t

open

What

a

4.

（2024·白银）Icanreadfasterbyreadingwordgroups.（对画线

部分提问）

you

read

faster？5.

（2024·牡丹江）Weneedthreecupsofyogurttomakethebananamilk

shake.（对画线部分提问）

yogurt

do

you

need

to

make

the

banana

milk

shake？How

can

How

much

二、请根据下面的对话内容，在空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的

意思连贯、完整。Lin

Hai：Hey，

Ma

Hua.

I

called

you

last

night，

but

you

didn’t

answer.

1.

⁠Ma

Hua：I

was

looking

a