2023-2024学年山东省济宁市高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省济宁市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere’salmostalwayssomethingspecialhappeningatDisneylandinsouthernCalifornia.Here’swhatguestsshouldknowaboutvisitingDisneylandfor2024.●EventsLunarNewYearCelebrationMushu,acharacterfromDisney’sanimatedfilmMulan,willhelpguideintheYearoftheDragonbyleadingMulan’sLunarNewYearProcession.Visitors,especiallychildren,candressupascharactersfromMulantojoinit.Dates:Jan.23—Feb.18PixarFestItisbackwithanewdaytimeparade(游行):APixarPalsCelebration!NewcharacterslikeRedPandaMeifromTurningRedwillarriveintheparks.Diningoptionswillbeavailable,allowingguestsabiteofPixar-themedtreatsatanewlyopenedcafe.Dates:Feb.26—Aug.4FantasylandMelodiesTheheadlinersforthisyear’sconcertsareMarvinSappandTashaCobbsLeonard.Theaward-winningmusicianswillbejoinedbylocalcommunitychoirsatDisneyland’sFantasylandTheatre.Musicalworkshopshighlightingvarioustypesofmusicwillbeafeastforears.Dates:Feb.17—Apr.24SeasonoftheForceNewadventureswilltakeguestsonathrillingjourneythroughspacetravelaboardaspacecraft.Visitorswillviewthepark’sfireworksandhearspecialgalacticmusic.Buyinglimited-editionsouvenirsenablesfanstotakeapieceofspacebackhomewiththem.Dates:Apr.5—Sep.21.Whicheventappealstofoodiesmost?A.LunarNewYearCelebration.B.PixarFest.C.FantasylandMelodies.D.SeasonoftheForce.2.WhatdoFantasyLandMelodiesandSeasonoftheForcehaveincommon?A.Theysellraresouvenirs.B.Theyhavefireworkshows.C.Theyfeaturecartoonheroes.D.Theyincludemusicalelements.3.Whatistheminimumcostforacouplewitha5-year-oldtopayavisitonFeb.28?A.$208.B.$264.C.$288.D.$312.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2024年南加州的迪士尼乐园一些重大活动的具体信息。【答案】1.B2.D3.B【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“PixarFest”中最后一句“Diningoptionswillbeavailable,allowingguestsabiteofPixar-themedtreatsatanewlyopenedcafe.”（食物选择多样，客人能在新开的咖啡馆里品尝皮克斯主题的美食。）可知，PixarFest提供多种美食，最能吸引美食家前来。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“FantasylandMelodies”中“Theaward-winningmusicianswillbejoinedbylocalcommunitychoirsatDisneyland’sFantasylandTheatre.Musicalworkshopshighlightingvarioustypesofmusicwillbeafeastforears.”（获奖音乐家将与当地社区合唱团一起在迪士尼乐园的梦幻乐园剧院演出。各种类型音乐的音乐工作坊将是一场听觉盛宴。）及“SeasonoftheForce”中“Visitorswillviewthepark’sfireworksandhearspecialgalacticmusic.”（游客们将观赏公园的烟火，聆听特别的银河音乐。）可知，两个活动都有音乐元素。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，10岁及以上是104美元，3-9岁是80美元（从1月8日到3月10日，降价30%），故一对夫妇领着5岁的孩子在2月28日游览需花104×2+80×0.7=264美元。故选B项。BWhenSusanMurabanawasacollegestudentvolunteeringwithCosmosEducation,anon-profitaimedatimprovingsciencelearningindevelopingcountries,shelookedthroughatelescopefortheveryfirsttime.Suddenly,Saturn(土星)anditsyellow-goldringsweremorethanjustanillustrationinatextbook;theywererealandtheexperiencewaspowerful.WhiletravelingwiththeorganizationtoschoolsandvillagesinherhomecountryofKenya,andhelpingteachyoungchildren,sherealizedshewantedchildreninKenya,especiallygirls,tobeasexposedtoastronomyaschildreninthedevelopedcountrieswere.In2014,MurabanaandherhusbandDanielOwensetupthesocialenterpriseTravellingTelescope,aneducationalprogramdesignedforyoungchildreninunderservedandremotecommunities.Withjustatelescopeandamobileinflatableplanetarium(天文馆),theyaimtochangelivesbygivingchildrenachancetoseeSaturn,themoon,andvariousstars,whileteachingthembasicscienceandastrophysics.“There’sasatisfactionyougetfromgoingtoaschool,talkingtothechildren,andseeingtheirreactionandtheiranticipation,”saidMurabana.“A12-year-oldboyineasternKenyaeventoldus,‘Iusedtothinkscientistslie,butnowIbelieveinscience.’”Murabanabelievesastronomy,orevensimplytheactoflookingupatthesky,establishesanawarenessoftheneedtoprotectourplanetandhelpschildrenlookatourownplanetmuchmoreobjectively.ThereisalsoamorepersonalmotivationforMurabana’swork—fightingagainsttheperceptionheldbymostKenyansthatastronomyisaWesternscience.Actuallyin2018theKenyaSpaceAgencylauncheditsfirstsatelliteintoorbitfromtheInternationalSpaceStation,andasatellitestationinMalindi,onthecoastofsoutheasternKenya,isusedbytheEuropeanSpaceAgencyforsatellitetracking.Sofar,over400,000peoplehavelookedthroughtheTravellingTelescopeandthepairwanttoexpandtheirimpactbyreachingmoreschools.4.WhenMurabanafirstobservedSaturnthroughatelescope,shefelt______.A.puzzledB.frightenedC.amazedD.relaxed5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioninga12-year-oldboy?A.ToillustratetheimpactofMurabana’sproject.B.Tohighlightthesignificanceoftrustingscience.C.Toshowcasehislackofastronomicalknowledge.D.Todemonstratechildren’scuriosityaboutscience.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.MostKenyanshaveagreatpassionforastronomy.B.Murabana’sworkgotinspiredbyWesternscience.C.Kenyahastakentheleadinsatellitelaunchingandtracking.D.MostKenyansareunawareoftheircountry’sinvolvementinspaceresearch.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BridgingCulturesbyVolunteeringB.AdvertisingTravellingTelescopeWorldwideC.BreakingDownBarriersinScienceEducationD.EmpoweringKenyanYouthThroughAstronomy【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了苏珊·穆拉巴纳帮助肯尼亚的青年一代学习天文的故事。【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.D【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Suddenly,Saturn(土星)anditsyellow-goldringsweremorethanjustanillustrationinatextbook;theywererealandtheexperiencewaspowerful.(突然之间，土星和它的金色光环不仅仅是教科书上的插图；它们是真实的，这种经历是强大的。)”可知，苏珊·穆拉巴纳第一次用望远镜观察土星的时候是感到震惊的，惊奇的。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Withjustatelescopeandamobileinflatableplanetarium(天文馆),theyaimtochangelivesbygivingchildrenachancetoseeSaturn,themoon,andvariousstars,whileteachingthembasicscienceandastrophysics.(他们只需要一台望远镜和一个移动充气天文馆，他们的目标是通过给孩子们一个看到土星、月球和各种恒星的机会来改变生活，同时教他们基础科学和天体物理学。)”以及第四段““A12-year-oldboyineasternKenyaeventoldus,‘Iusedtothinkscientistslie,butnowIbelieveinscience.’”Murabanabelievesastronomy,orevensimplytheactoflookingupatthesky,establishesanawarenessoftheneedtoprotectourplanetandhelpschildrenlookatourownplanetmuchmoreobjectively.(“肯尼亚东部一个12岁的男孩甚至告诉我们，‘我以前认为科学家在撒谎，但现在我相信科学。’”Murabana认为，天文学，甚至只是仰望天空的行为，建立了保护我们星球的意识，并帮助孩子们更客观地看待我们自己的星球。)”可知，提到小男孩是为了说明她项目的影响。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“ThereisalsoamorepersonalmotivationforMurabana’swork—fightingagainsttheperceptionheldbymostKenyansthatastronomyisaWesternscience.(Murabana的工作还有一个更个人的动机——反对大多数肯尼亚人认为天文学是西方科学的看法。)”可推知，肯尼亚人没有意识到本国对于天文学的参与。故选D。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“WhiletravelingwiththeorganizationtoschoolsandvillagesinherhomecountryofKenya,andhelpingteachyoungchildren,sherealizedshewantedchildreninKenya,especiallygirls,tobeasexposedtoastronomyaschildreninthedevelopedcountrieswere.(在与该组织一起前往她的祖国肯尼亚的学校和村庄，并帮助教育年幼的孩子时，她意识到她希望肯尼亚的孩子，尤其是女孩，能像发达国家的孩子一样接触天文学。)”以及全文内容可知，本文讲述的是苏珊·穆拉巴纳帮助肯尼亚孩子学习天文学的故事。D项“EmpoweringKenyanYouthThroughAstronomy（通过天文学赋予肯尼亚青年力量）”概括全文，适合作为文章标题。故选D。CMorphobutterfliesaresomeofthemostbeautifulbutterfliesintheworld,thankstotheirshiningbluewings.Now,anewmaterialinspiredbybutterflywingswasdevelopedbyresearchersfromShenzhenUniversityinChina.Thismaterial,atypeofcoloredfilm,canhelpkeeptheobjectsitisattachedtocoolerthanthetemperaturearoundit.Theproblemofcolorandtheabsorptionofheathastroubledscientistsforcenturies.Anyobjectthatcontainscolorwillheatupfaster.Thissomewhatcomplexissuehasimplicationsforasurprisingnumberofreal-worldissues.Inbuildings,largeamountsofenergyareusedforcoolingandrunningtheairconditionerinelectriccarscangreatlyreducethedrivingrange.Inordertocreateamaterialthatcouldavoidtheseissues,Dr.WanlinWangandhisteamlookedtonatureforinspiration,asisoftenthecaseinscienceresearch.Specifically,theylookedattheMorphobutterfly.AccordingtoNewScientist,thewingsofthisbrilliantlybluebutterflyaremadeofnanoparticles(纳米级颗粒)arrangedinaparticularwaythatbendandbouncelightwavestocreatecolorasopposedtoabsorbingthem.Thisallowsthemtokeepcool.Wangandhisteamarenotthefirstteamtocreatematerialsthatallowforpassivecoolingusingthepropertiesoflight;however,theyarethefirsttodosoincolor.Allothermaterialshavebeenwhiteorclear,whilethenewfilmcomesinbrightblue,yellowandred.Inordertotesttheirnewmaterial,Wangandhisteamplacedsheetsoffilminvariouscolorsoncars,clothing,cellphones,androofs,from9amto4pm,bothinwinterandsummer.Theydiscoveredthatthefilmsweremorethan59∘Fcoolerinthewinterand95∘Fcoolerinthesummer.Theirhopeisthateventuallythistypeoffilmwillbeusedtocoverelectriccars,butintruththepossibilitiesareendless:stainedglasswindowsthatkeepskyscraperscool,self-coolingcampingtents,cool-lookingcomputersthatdon’toverheat,etc.Allofthesemayonedaybearealitythankstothebeautifulmorphobutterfly.8.Whatisstressedinparagraph2?A.Thecomplexityofcoolingdownbuildings.B.Thenecessityofcreatingnewcoolingmaterials.C.Theprinciplesofcolorandheatabsorption.D.Theapplicationsoftherecentlydevelopedfilm.9.Whatplaysakeyroleinhelpingthemorphobutterflykeepcool?A.Itsuniqueshape.B.Thepropertyoflightwaves.C.Itsbrilliantcolor.D.Thenanostructureofitswings.10.Whatisspecialaboutthenewmaterial?A.Itpioneerspassivecooling. B.Itisacoloredcoolingmaterial.C.Itssizevarieswithtemperature. D.Itscreationisinspiredbynature.11.Whichcanbestdescribetheprospectofthenewmaterial?A.Uncertain.B.DiscouragingC.Promising.D.Risky.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了深圳大学的研究人员受到蓝色Morpho蝴蝶翅膀的启发，开发出一种新型材料，这种彩色薄膜能够使贴在物体上的表面比周围温度更凉爽。【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Theproblemofcolorandtheabsorptionofheathastroubledscientistsforcenturies.Anyobjectthatcontainscolorwillheatupfaster.Thissomewhatcomplexissuehasimplicationsforasurprisingnumberofreal-worldissues.Inbuildings,largeamountsofenergyareusedforcoolingandrunningtheairconditionerinelectriccarscangreatlyreducethedrivingrange.(几个世纪以来，颜色和热量的吸收问题一直困扰着科学家。任何含有颜色的物体都会更快地升温。这个有点复杂的问题对许多现实世界的问题都有影响。在建筑物中，大量的能源被用于冷却，而在电动汽车中运行空调可以大大减少行驶里程)”可知，本段主要讲述了大量的能源因为材料原因被浪费，所以强调了创造新的冷却材料的必要性。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“AccordingtoNewScientist,thewingsofthisbrilliantlybluebutterflyaremadeofnanoparticles(纳米级颗粒)arrangedinaparticularwaythatbendandbouncelightwavestocreatecolorasopposedtoabsorbingthem.Thisallowsthemtokeepcool.(据《新科学家》报道，这种亮蓝色蝴蝶的翅膀是由纳米粒子组成的，它们以一种特殊的方式排列，可以弯曲和反射光波，从而产生颜色，而不是吸收它们。这可以让它们保持凉爽)”可知，翅膀的纳米结构在帮助morphobutterfly保持凉爽方面起着关键作用。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Wangandhisteamarenotthefirstteamtocreatematerialsthatallowforpassivecoolingusingthepropertiesoflight;however,theyarethefirsttodosoincolor.Allothermaterialshavebeenwhiteorclear,whilethenewfilmcomesinbrightblue,yellowandred.(王和他的团队并不是第一个利用光的特性制造被动冷却材料的团队；然而，他们是第一个使用彩色材料的团队。所有其他材料都是白色或透明的，而新的薄膜有亮蓝色、黄色和红色)”可知，这种新材料的特别之处是它是一种有色冷却材料。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theirhopeisthateventuallythistypeoffilmwillbeusedtocoverelectriccars,butintruththepossibilitiesareendless:stainedglasswindowsthatkeepskyscraperscool,self-coolingcampingtents,cool-lookingcomputersthatdon’toverheat,etc.Allofthesemayonedaybearealitythankstothebeautifulmorphobutterfly.(他们希望这种薄膜最终能被用于覆盖电动汽车，但事实上，这种薄膜的可能性是无穷无尽的：让摩天大楼保持凉爽的彩色玻璃窗、自冷的露营帐篷、看起来很酷、不会过热的电脑等等。有一天，多亏了美丽的大闪蝶，这一切都可能成为现实)”可知，这种新材料的可能性是无穷无尽的，所以是有前途的。故选C项。DWhenIwasayoungpostdoctoralresearcheratCambridge,Imetabeardedprofessoratafancydinner.Heaskedme,“Soyoungman,whatdoyoudo?”ItoldhimIwasworkingonthegenetics(遗传学)ofchildhoodobesity(肥胖症).“Ha!Doyouknowwhatyourproblemis?”hereplied.“Yougivefatpeopleanexcuse.”Theprofessor’sreplythrewme.Iwasabouttopushback,whenitoccurredtomethatthisviewwassharedbymuchofsociety.Obesityisseenasaproblemofphysics;peoplejustneedtoeatlessandmovemore.Butalthoughhowwegettoourbodyweightisreliantonphysics,therealquestioniswhy?Whydosomepeoplelovefood,whileforothersit’ssimplyfuel?Besidespowerfulsocietalandculturalinfluences,thereareequallypowerfulgeneticfactorsthatinfluenceoureating,andhenceourbodyweight.Largepopulation-basedstudies,suchasUKBiobank,asurveyofnearlyhalfamillionadults,havehelpedtorevealthegeneticarchitectureunderlyingdifferencesinbodysize.Butthechildhoodobesitydatadonotexist.Andthat’saproblem,becauseweknowthatchildrenwithobesityprobablywillgrowintoadultswithobesity.Thus,understandingthegeneticsandnaturalhistoryofchildhoodobesitywillplayakeyroleinitstreatmentandprevention.Luckily,thereishope.D-CYPHR,ageneticsresearchprogramme,isopentoeverychild.Itaimstocreateatrulyinclusiveresearchsampleandinvestigatearangeofconditions,forwhichobesityisamajorcontributingfactor.D-CYPHRisambitiousandwillfacechallengesincreatingatrulyinclusiveresearchsample.Butifitdoes,itwillcircumventmanyoftheproblemsinadulthealthresearchbybuildinginclusivityinfromthebeginning.YoucanhelppioneernewtreatmentsformillionsofpeoplebyhelpingunlockthepowerhidinginyourDNA.Now,anationwidemovementforages0—15isbeingheldandallyouneedtodoisspit(吐)inatubeandcompleteashorthealthandlifestylequestionnaire.12.What’sthetonecarriedintheprofessor’sreply?A.Dismissive.B.SympatheticC.Delighted.D.Admiring13.Whatisalimitationofthepreviousstudiesonobesity?A.Limitedsizeofparticipants. B.Inaccuratesampleanalysis.C.Lackofdataonchildhoodobesity. D.Failuretomapadults’geneticcode.14.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“circumvent”inparagraph4?A.Discuss.B.FaceC.AvoidD.Create.15.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Tocallforaction.B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Tosumupthetext.D.Tocriticizemisconduct.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。作者在剑桥遇到质疑其肥胖症遗传学研究的教授，引发对肥胖症背后复杂因素的思考。文章将探讨遗传、文化和社会因素如何影响体重，并介绍D-CYPHR项目。呼吁参与研究，为肥胖症治疗和预防做出贡献。【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenIwasayoungpostdoctoralresearcheratCambridge,Imetabeardedprofessoratafancydinner.Heaskedme,“Soyoungman,whatdoyoudo?”ItoldhimIwasworkingonthegenetics(遗传学)ofchildhoodobesity(肥胖症).“Ha!Doyouknowwhatyourproblemis?”hereplied.“Yougivefatpeopleanexcuse.”(当我还是剑桥大学年轻的博士后研究员时，我在一次高档晚宴上遇到了一位大胡子教授。他问我：“年轻人，你是做什么的?”我告诉他，我正在研究儿童肥胖的遗传学。“哈!你知道你的问题是什么吗?”他回答说。“你给了胖子一个借口。”)”可知，教授认为作者的研究给了胖子一个借口，教授不认可作者的研究，所以是轻蔑的的语气。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Largepopulation-basedstudies,suchasUKBiobank,asurveyofnearlyhalfamillionadults,havehelpedtorevealthegeneticarchitectureunderlyingdifferencesinbodysize.Butthechildhoodobesitydatadonotexist.Andthat’saproblem,becauseweknowthatchildrenwithobesityprobablywillgrowintoadultswithobesity.Thus,understandingthegeneticsandnaturalhistoryofchildhoodobesitywillplayakeyroleinitstreatmentandprevention.(大型人群研究，如英国生物银行，一项对近50万成年人的调查，有助于揭示体型差异的基因结构。但是儿童肥胖的数据并不存在。这是一个问题，因为我们知道患有肥胖症的儿童长大后可能会患有肥胖症。因此，了解儿童肥胖的遗传和自然历史将在其治疗和预防中发挥关键作用)”可知，以前关于肥胖的研究缺乏关于儿童肥胖的数据。故选C项。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据前文“Luckily,thereishope.D-CYPHR,ageneticsresearchprogramme,isopentoeverychild.Itaimstocreateatrulyinclusiveresearchsampleandinvestigatearangeofconditions,forwhichobesityisamajorcontributingfactor.(幸运的是，还有希望。D-CYPHR是一个遗传学研究项目，对每个孩子开放。它旨在创建一个真正具有包容性的研究样本，并调查一系列疾病，其中肥胖是一个主要因素)”可知，D-CYPHR的目的是创建一个真正具有包容性的研究样本，从而避免相关问题，所以推知circumvent是“避免”意思，和C项意思相近。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“YoucanhelppioneernewtreatmentsformillionsofpeoplebyhelpingunlockthepowerhidinginyourDNA.Now,anationwidemovementforages0—15isbeingheldandallyouneedtodoisspit(吐)inatubeandcompleteashorthealthandlifestylequestionnaire.(通过释放隐藏在你DNA中的力量，你可以帮助开拓数百万人的新疗法。现在，一场针对0-15岁青少年的全国性运动正在进行，你所要做的就是在管子里吐口水，然后完成一份简短的健康和生活方式问卷)”可知，此处作者在号召完成一份简短的健康和生活方式问卷。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Leave-No-TraceCampingForthoseofuswholovespendingtimeinthegreatoutdoors,wildspacesareveryspecial.Theseareplaceswevisittorecharge,ortofillourheartswithnaturalbeauty.___16___Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou’retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.Itsprinciplesaretotreatthewildernessthewayadecentvisitorwouldandleaveeverythingjustasyoufoundit,withnoevidencethatyoupassedthrough.___17___That’sbecauseyourvisitmakesaminimalimpactontheenvironment.Youcancarryouttheseidealsinanumberofways.Beginbypackingoutallyourlitter.Wheneveryougocamping,takeanemptytrashbagwithyouandputallgarbageintothebag.Inaddition,trynottodamagevegetation.___18___Whereveryougo,thinkaboutwhatyourheavyshoesorbootsaredoingtotheplantsunderneathandtrytokeepdamagetoaminimum.It’salsoimportantthatyoushouldnottakethingsawayfromthewilderness.Rocks,plants,flowersandseashellsareallpartofthenaturallandscape.___19___Plus,manyanimalsfindhomesandfoodinabandonedshellsandflower-heads,andthesearethingstheywouldmissifyoucollectedthem.Leave-No-Tracecampingisaboutbeingrespectfulandthoughtful.It’sabouthonoringthenaturalworldandthecreaturesthatliveinit.Ifyouloveseeinganuntouchedmountainstreamoralovelyfieldofwildflowers,thenyou’vealreadytakenthefirststep.___20___A.Thismeansnotsteppingintoawildanimal’sspace.B.Thisisalsocalled“lowimpact”or“noimpact”camping.C.Oncetakenaway,theywon’tbethereforotherstoenjoy.D.Anincreasingnumberofpeopletakeupcampinginthewilderness.E.Whenyouputupyourtent,trytofindaplacethat’salreadybareofplants.F.Wehatetoseethemlitteredwithrubbishoranyremindersofpreviousvisitors.G.FollowthesebasicpracticesandyoucanbemodelsoftheLeave-No-Tracephilosophy.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了践行“不留痕迹”露营的注意事项。【答案】16.F17.B18.E19.C20.G【16题详析】下文“Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou’retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.(如果你有这种感觉，那么你就是推广和实践“不留痕迹”露营的最佳人选)”说明了一种条件，故上文需要指明“feelthisway”是什么感觉，F项“Wehatetoseethemlitteredwithrubbishoranyremindersofpreviousvisitors.(我们不愿看到它们到处都是垃圾，也不愿看到任何提醒我们以前来过的人的东西)”照应下文“feelthisway”，衔接恰当。故选F项。【17题详析】下文“That’sbecauseyourvisitmakesaminimalimpactontheenvironment.(这是因为你的参观对环境的影响很小)”指明了一件事情的原因，B项“Thisisalsocalled“lowimpact”or“noimpact”camping.(这也被称为“低影响”或“无影响”露营)”中的“This”照应上文“Leave-No-Tracecamping”，并与下文构成因果关系，因为你的参观对环境的影响很小，所以它又被称为“低影响”或“无影响”露营。故选B项。【18题详析】上文“Inaddition,trynottodamagevegetation.(另外，尽量不要破坏植被)”说明露营时，要保护植被，E项“Whenyouputupyourtent,trytofindaplacethat’salreadybareofplants.(当你搭帐篷的时候，尽量找一个没有植物的地方)”用具体的事例说明如何做到不破坏植被，衔接恰当。故选E项。【19题详析】上文“It’salsoimportantthatyoushouldnottakethingsawayfromthewilderness.Rocks,plants,flowersandseashellsareallpartofthenaturallandscape.(同样重要的是，你不应该从野外拿走东西。岩石、植物、花朵和贝壳都是自然景观的一部分)”说明不应该带走野外生长的东西，C项“Oncetakenaway,theywon’tbethereforotherstoenjoy.(一旦被拿走，别人就无法再那里欣赏到它们了)”衔接上文，说明带走野外生长的东西会导致的结果，“they”指代上文“Rocks,plants,flowersandseashells”，符合句意。故选C项。【20题详析】上文“Ifyouloveseeinganuntouchedmountainstreamoralovelyfieldofwildflowers,thenyou’vealreadytakenthefirststep.(如果你喜欢看一条未受污染的山间溪流或一片美丽的野花，那么你已经迈出了第一步)”说明有欣赏自然之美的心就是实践“不留痕迹”露营的第一步，G项“FollowthesebasicpracticesandyoucanbemodelsoftheLeave-No-Tracephilosophy.(遵循这些基本做法，你就可以成为践行不留痕迹露营的典范)”段尾句总结了全文内容，“thesebasicpractices”指代上文提到的一切尊重和体贴大自然的举动，并照应开头“Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou’retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.(如果你有这种感觉，那么你就是推广和实践“不留痕迹”露营的最佳人选)”符合句意。故选G项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。BillSumielwashavingatoughFriday.The71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(肾)failure,___21___himselfatamedicalfacilityforthesecondtimein24hours.Hewasonthe___22___list,butnomatcheshadyetappeared.Soheproceededwithhistreatments.SumieltookanUbertoandfromhis___23___thatday.TimothyLetts,anUberdriver,wasdrivingnorthwhenhisphone___24___therequestforSumiel’sridehome.Astheysetoutonthedrive,thepairgotto___25___.Sumielmentionedthatinthepasthe’denjoyedvolunteeringathiscommunitybuthecouldhardly___26___itthesedays,becausethemedicaltreatmentslefthimexhausted.ThenSumielrevealedthathewassearchingforakidney___27___.ImpressedbySumiel’spositiveenergy,Lettssaid,“I’dliketoseeifIcouldbea___28___.”Sumielwasshocked.Hewasshakingsohardthathecould___29___writehisnamewhentheyexchangedcontactinformation.However,aftertheinitial___30___,Sumielstartedfeelingabitlessoptimistic.Hewas___31___byLetts’soffer,buthecouldn’thelpwonderingifithadjustbeenanemotionalmoment.WouldhehearfromLetts?Andwhatwasthe___32___thatthey’dbeamatch?ButLettswastruetohis___33___.HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshadcontactedthekidneytransplantprogram.Afteramonth’sscreeningprocess,theresultswerein:Lettswasa(n)___34___donor.SoonSumielandLettshadtheirsurgeriessuccessfully.Sumielis___35___withintensegratitude.“Afterall,”hesays,“livingdonorsarespecialpeople.”21.A.imagined B.found C.volunteered D.introduced22.A.experiment B.competition C.transplant D.recommendation23.A.shift B.research C.company D.appointment24.A.received B.blocked C.leaked D.stored25.A.bargaining B.chatting C.joking D.complaining26.A.stickat B.relyon C.putupwith D.breakawayfrom27.A.project B.report C.donor D.expert28.A.match B.comfort C.partner D.sponsor29.A.neatly B.barely C.simply D.possibly30.A.hesitation B.guilt C.excitement D.doubt31.A.bothered B.confused C.embarrassed D.touched32.A.likelihood B.explanation C.criterion D.proof33.A.duty B.word C.dream D.status34.A.honest B.selfless C.extra D.ideal35.A.burdened B.concerned C.consumed D.blessed【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了71的BillSumiel因为肾衰竭需要肾移植，但是找不到合适的肾源。有一天BillSumiel打了一辆出租车回家，他在车上和出租车司机Letts闲聊时告诉了司机他的困境。出租车司机说他可以去做配型。在配型后，Letts的肾适合移植给Sumiel。事后，Sumiel对Letts表示了谢意。【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.C28.A29.B30.C31.D32.A33.B34.D35.C【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位71岁的肾衰竭患者24小时内第二次在医疗机构被发现。A.imagined想象；B.found发现；C.volunteered自愿；D.introduced介绍。根据句中“whowasdealingwithkidney(肾)failure”可知，肾衰竭患者在处理肾衰竭问题，所以他应该是发现自己在24小时内第二次出现在医院。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在移植名单上，但还没有匹配的人出现。A.experiment实验；B.competition竞争；C.transplant移植；D.recommendation正式建议。根据上文“The71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(肾)failure”可知，Sumiel有肾衰竭，所以他需要肾移植。故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sumiel当天乘坐Uber打车往返于他的约定地点。A.shift改变；B.research研究；C.company公司；D.appointment约定。根据上文“Soheproceededwithhistreatments.”可知，由于没有合适的肾源，所以Sumiel得得继续接受治疗，他使用Uber打车，去医院接受预定的治疗。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Uber司机TimothyLetts开车向北行驶时，他的手机收到了Sumiel回家的请求。A.received收到；B.blocked阻塞；C.leaked泄漏；D.stored存储。根据下文“therequestforSumiel’sridehome”可知，Uber的司机收到了Sumiel打车的请求。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们开车出发时，两人开始聊天。A.bargaining讨价还价；B.chatting聊天；C.joking开玩笑；D.complaining抱怨。根据下文“Sumielmentionedthatinthepasthe’denjoyedvolunteeringathiscommunity”可知，他们在车上闲聊。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Sumiel提到，过去他很喜欢在社区做志愿者，但现在他很难坚持下去，因为医疗让他筋疲力尽。A.stickat坚持；B.relyon依赖；C.putupwith忍受；D.breakawayfrom脱离。根据下文“becausethemedicaltreatmentslefthimexhausted”可知，由于治疗让他疲惫，所以他不能再坚持做社区的志愿者。故选A。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后Sumiel透露，他正在寻找肾脏捐献者。A.project项目；B.report报告；C.donor供体；D.expert专家。根据上文“Hewasonthe_____list,butnomatcheshadyetappeared.”可知，Sumiel需要肾移植，所以他正在找供体。故选C。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Letts对Sumiel的正能量印象深刻，他说：“我想看看我是否能匹配成功。”A.match匹配；B.comfort舒适；C.partner合伙人；D.sponsor赞助商。根据下文“HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshadcontactedthekidneytransplantprogram.”可知，Letts被Sumiel感动，所以他想要去做配型，看看是否能够成功。故选A。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们交换联系方式时，他抖得很厉害，几乎写不出自己的名字。A.neatly整洁；B.barely几乎不；C.simply仅仅；D.possibly可能地。根据上文“Hewasshakingsohard”可知，Sumiel激动的手都在颤抖，所以他几乎写不出他的名字。故选B。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在最初的兴奋之后，Sumiel开始感到不那么乐观了。A.hesitation犹豫；B.guilt有罪；C.excitement兴奋；D.doubt怀疑。根据上文“Sumielwasshocked.”可知，刚开始知道Letts想要去配型后Sumiel感到很兴奋和激动，但不久Sumiel就冷静了下来。故选C。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他被Letts提供的善意打动了，但他忍不住想知道这是否只是一个激动人心的时刻。A.bothered打扰的；B.confused困惑的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.touched感动的。根据空后“ Sumielwasshocked.Hewasshakingsohardthat”可知，对于Letts主动提供帮助这件事他很感动。故选D。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们匹配的可能性有多大？A.likelihood可能性；B.explanation解释；C.criterion标准；D.proof证据。根据上文“buthecouldn’thelpwonderingifithadjustbeenanemotionalmoment.”可知，Sumiel对这件事开始有点不确定，他在想配型的可能性有多大。故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Letts信守诺言。A.duty职责；B.word承诺；C.dream梦；D.status地位。根据下文“HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshadcontactedthekidneytransplantprogram.”可知，Sumiel对Letts是否来配型表示怀疑，但是Letts确实履行了承诺。故选B。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过一个月的筛选，结果是：Letts是一个理想的捐赠者。A.honest诚实的；B.selfless无私的；C.extra额外的；D.ideal完美的。根据下文“SoonSumielandLettshadtheirsurgeriessuccessfully.”可知，两个人的配型成功了。故选D。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sumiel满怀感激之情。A.burdened负担过重；B.concerned关心的；C.consumed沉迷……的；D.blessed祝福的。根据空后“intensegratitude”可知，Sumiel对于Letts充满了感激之情。beconsumedwith“被某种感情吞噬”。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheYellowRiverNo.1TouristHighway,builtin2018inShanxiprovince,wasdesigned___36___(string)togetherscenicspotsalongtheriver.Visitorscanbothenjoyovernightaccommodationsinuniquecavedwellings(窑洞),withaspecialchancetosleepona“Kang”—acomfortableclay-and-brickbedheatedfromwithin___37___tastedeliciousfarm-to-tablecuisinewhileexperiencingthebeautyoftheYellowRiver.Thankstothisinitiative,Laoniuwanvillage,anintersection___38___theGreatWallmeetstheYellowRiver,hasbeentransformedintoapopulartouristdestination.ThevillagerGuoJian