【三轮冲刺】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷1（天津专用）（解析版）

备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（天津专用）本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷2至11页，第II卷12至13页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项:1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55小题，共95分。第I卷第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．—You’vecomeoutintheend.What’sup?—______.A．SorrytohavekeptyouwaitingB．WewerekeptclosedintheclassroomC．Let’sjustforgetitD．Youcan’tunderstandit【答案】B【解析】考查情景交际能力。句意：——你最后出来了。怎么了?——我们被关在教室里。A.Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting对不起，让您久等了；B.Wewerekeptclosedintheclassroom我们被关在教室里；C.Let’sjustforgetit忘了它吧；D.Youcan’tunderstandit你无法理解。根据What’sup?可知此处要回答发生了什么事。故选B项。2．Theorganizationassistspeoplebasedonneedandgivesthetop_______tothoseinthemostseriousandimmediatedanger.A．devotion B．division C．potential D．priority【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予优先考虑。A.devotion献身；B.division分开；C.potential潜能；D.priority优先事项。根据后文“thoseinthemostseriousandimmediatedanger”指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用givethetoppriorityto。故选D。3．Itseemedsosadthatthetwo,whohadbeenlovers,pretendednottorecognize________whentheymetinthestreet.A．neither B．theother C．eachother D．another【答案】C【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这两个曾经是恋人的人在街上相遇时，竟假装不认识，这真叫人伤心。A.neither两者都不；B.theother两者之间另外一个；C.eachother互相，彼此；D.another三者以上另外一个。根据“Itseemedsosad”可知，此处表示两个曾经是恋人的人在街上相遇时假装彼此不认识。故选C。4．_____iscertainis_____preventionismoreimportantthantreatment.A．It,that B．What,that C．As,what D．What,what【答案】B【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：可以肯定的是，预防比治疗更重要。分析句子结构，第一个空引导主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，位于句首，首字母应大写，由连接代词What引导；第二个空引导表语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分和含义，由连词that引导。故选B项。5．Themanwasobserved________intothehouseandhelphimselftowhathelikedbeforetheownercameback.A．slip B．toslip C．slipping D．slipped【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有人看见那人在屋主回来之前溜进屋里随便吃他喜欢吃的东西。短语:beobservedtodosth.表示“被看到做某事”。故选B。6．—Theydon’thavemuchintheirhouseyet.—________they’replanningtolivehereonlyuntilBobgetshisdegree,theydon’twanttobuymuchfurniture.A．Since B．Although C．While D．Unless【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。句意：——他们家里没有多少东西。——因为他们打算在鲍勃拿到学位之前一直住在这里，所以他们不想买太多家具。A.Since因为；B.Although虽然；C.While在……期间；D.Unless除非。根据句意，引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用since。故选A。7．Sportsandgamescan________ourbodies,keepushealthyandhelpuslivealonglife.A．bringup B．setup C．pickup D．buildup【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：运动和比赛能够增强我们的体质，使我们保持健康，有助于我们长寿。bringup抚养；setup建立；pickup捡起，用车接送，收听；buildup增强。由“keepushealthyandhelpuslivealonglife.”可知运动和比赛能够增强我们的体质，故选D。8．InthecountryBhutan,weather______varydramaticallyfromplacetoplace,daytodayorevenwithinthesameday.A．can B．shall C．must D．need【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在不丹，不同的地方，不同的日子，甚至同一天，天气都有可能有很大的差异。A.can可能；

B.shall应该；C.must必须；D.need需要。根据语境分析，can有时可能会（用于偶尔的可能性），用于此处阐述天气比较合适。故选A项。9．______wemakeadecision,inmostcircumstances,thereisnogoingback.A．Before B．Until C．Unless D．Once【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句。句意：一旦我们做了决定，在大多数情况下，就没有回头路了。A.Before在……之前；B.Until直到；C.Unless除非；D.Once一旦。引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”应用once。故选D。10．Manypeoplewelcomethechancetodomeaningfulthings,________theywillgetnopay.A．evenif B．asif C．incase D．nowthat【答案】A【解析】考查从属连词。句意：许多人欢迎有机会做有意义的事情，即使他们得不到报酬。A.evenif即使，虽然；B.asif好像；C.incase万一；D.nowthat既然，由于。由语意可知，此处考查让步状语从句，即使没有报酬，也愿意去做有意义的事。A项符合语境。故选A项。11．Psychologistsexplainhowyourwalkcan________yourhiddenpersonalitiesinarecentbehavioralstudy.A．reserve B．relieve C．release D．reveal【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理学家在最近的一项行为研究中解释了你的走路方式可以揭示你隐藏的性格。A.reserve保留；B.relieve解除；C.release释放；D.reveal揭示，透露。根据句意及后文“yourhiddenpersonalities”可知，走路方式可以揭示隐藏的性格。故选D项。12．Don'tworry.Busesrun_________betweenthecityandtheairport,soyouwillcatchthenextsoon.A．frequently B．occasionallyC．permanently D．significantly【答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：别担心。公共汽车频繁地往返于市区和机场之间，所以你很快就会赶上下一班。A.frequently频繁地；B.occasionally偶尔；C.permanently永久地；D.significantly显著地。此处指公共汽车“频繁地”往返。故选A。13．Myparentsalwaysremindusthatbynomeans________norespectforourteachers.A．weshow B．didweshowC．shouldweshow D．weshouldshow【答案】C【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：我的父母总是提醒我们，我们决不能不尊重老师。bynomeans“绝不”是否定意义，位于句首时需要部分倒装，将“情态动词/be动词/助动词”置于主语之前，且“我们应该尊重老师”是客观事实，应用一般现在时。故选C。14．Spedskatingisacompetitiveformoficeskating________thecompetitorsraceeachotherintravellingacertaindistanceonskates.A．inwhich B．fromwhich C．onwhich D．atwhich【答案】A【解析】【分析】考查定语从句。句意：速滑是滑冰的一种竞技形式，选手们穿溜冰鞋进行一定距离的比赛。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰“acompetitiveformoficeskating”，指物，ina...form“以……形式”，先行词作介词in的宾语，指物，用关系代词which，还原定语从句为：inthecompetitiveformthecompetitorsraceeachotherintravellingacertaindistanceonskates.故选A。15．—Manypeoplethinkwomenarebetteratcookingthanmen.—________.Mosttopcooksintheworldaremen.A．Notatall B．Exactly C．Iagree D．That’snotthecase【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——很多人认为女人比男人更会做饭。——事实并非如此。世界上大多数顶级厨师都是男性。A.Notatall别客气；B.Exactly正是如此；C.Iagree我同意；D.That’snotthecase事实并非如此。根据Mosttopcooksintheworldaremen.可知，后者并不同意前者的观点。故选D。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Formy8thbirthdaymy____16____wasashinybluebike.Myoldersistersdecidedtoteachmetoride.WelivedonEdgewoodAvenueatthetopofasteephill.My____17____,AgnesandChristina,putmeonmybikeand____18____mehard,yellinginstructions,“Peddle!Steer!Usethebrakes!”Needlesstosay,Iwasrushingdownthestreet____19____tryingtoholdon.Ibumpedintothecurb(路缘),____20____overthehandlebarsontothesidewalk,skinningmyknees,hurtingmyhandsandcryingloudly.Insteadofoffering____21____,mysistersyelledatme____22____Ihadn’tlistenedtotheirinstructions.Weeks____23____beforeItriedagain.ThistimeIwalkedmybiketothe____24____parkinglotbehindtheschoolyard.Ikeptrepeatingtheinstructionstomyselfandafterafewawkward____25____andevenmorepainfulspillsIlearnedtorideabike.Learninglifelessonis____26____likelearningtorideabike.Somelifelessonsare____27____tolearn.Wedon’talwaysgettochoosewherewelearnthem;wedon’talwayshavegoodteachersandwearenotalways____28____.Sometimeswefindourselvesmadlytryingtoholdon.Butthingsaredifferentnow.Myhusband,Rich,____29____mysonstorideabike.Firstheraisedtheirtrainingwheelsalittleandtheyrodearoundtheblockgettingusedtotheunstable____30____.Afterheremovedthetrainingwheelshewouldrunalongthesideofthebikeholdingontotheseatto____31____them.UpanddownourstreettheywouldgowithRichcallingout,“You____32____haveit!You’redoinggreat!”untilmysonwouldcallout“Letgo”.Richwouldletgobutstillrunalong,just____33____.Itwasahappydayintheneighborhood.WhenthelifelessonscomealonginthisNewYearyoumay____34____themfromapatientandkindteacher;youmayhavethemsurroundedby____35____andencouragement.Andyoumayhavesomeonestaybyyoursideuntilyouhavefoundvictory.16．A．dream B．reward C．gift D．aim17．A．brothers B．sisters C．friends D．classmates18．A．stuck B．turned C．knocked D．pushed19．A．wildly B．carefully C．slowly D．instantly20．A．jumping B．flying C．moving D．leaving21．A．sadness B．happiness C．excitement D．sympathy22．A．although B．until C．because D．while23．A．passed B．remained C．happened D．changed24．A．crowded B．busy C．covered D．empty25．A．experiments B．attempts C．fights D．conflicts26．A．though B．even C．much D．still27．A．wonderful B．comfortable C．dangerous D．painful28．A．ready B．perfect C．wrong D．strong29．A．forced B．taught C．allowed D．ordered30．A．practice B．habit C．development D．feeling31．A．repair B．fix C．steady D．move32．A．almost B．usually C．always D．seldom33．A．intime B．inrelief C．inturn D．incase34．A．accept B．learn C．refuse D．avoid35．A．blame B．complaint C．support D．criticism【答案】16．C17．B18．D19．A20．B21．D22．C23．A24．D25．B26．C27．D28．A29．B30．D31．C32．A33．D34．B35．C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己学车和丈夫教儿子学车的经历，感悟到学习人生的课程很像学习骑自行车，有些人生课程是痛苦的。我们不能选择在哪里学习它们；我们并不总是有好老师，我们也不总是做好准备，但是在新的一年里，当生活的课程来了，你可以从耐心和善良的老师那里学到；你可能会被支持和鼓励包围。也许会有人陪在你身边直到你胜利。16．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我8岁生日的礼物是一辆闪亮的蓝色自行车。A.dream梦想；B.reward奖励；C.gift礼物；D.aim目的。根据上文“my8thbirthday”可知自行车是作者的生日礼物。故选C。17．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的姐妹艾格尼丝和克里斯蒂娜把我放在自行车上，使劲推着我，一边喊着指示：“加速！转弯!刹车！”。A.brothers兄弟；B.sisters姐妹；C.friends朋友；D.classmates同学。呼应后文“mysistersyelledatme”可知，艾格尼丝和克里斯蒂娜是作者的姐妹。故选B。18．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的姐妹艾格尼丝和克里斯蒂娜把我放在自行车上，使劲推着我，一边喊着指示：“加速！转弯!刹车！”。A.stuck卡住；B.turned转弯；C.knocked敲门；D.pushed推。根据后文“mehard,yellinginstructions”可知姐妹推着作者前进，故选D。19．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不用说，我在街上狂奔，拼命想抓住。A.wildly疯狂地，野生地；B.carefully仔细地；C.slowly缓慢地；D.instantly立即。根据上文“Iwasrushingdownthestreet”可知，姐妹推着作者在街上狂奔。后文“Sometimeswefindourselvesmadlytryingtoholdon.”也是提示。故选A。20．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我撞到了路缘，从车把上飞到了人行道上，擦伤了膝盖，弄伤了双手，哭得很大声。A.jumping跳跃；B.flying飞；C.moving移动；D.leaving离开。根据后文“overthehandlebarsontothesidewalk,skinningmyknees,hurtingmyhandsandcryingloudly”可知，作者撞到了路缘，从车上飞了出去，受伤了。故选B。21．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的姐妹不但没有表示同情，反而对我大吼大叫，因为我没有听从她们的指示。A.sadness悲伤；B.happiness幸福；C.excitement激动；D.sympathy同情。根据后文“mysistersyelledatme”可知，作者摔倒姐妹不但没有表示同情，反而对作者大吼大叫，故选D。22．【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我的姐妹不但没有表示同情，反而对我大吼大叫，因为我没有听从她们的指示。A.although虽然；B.until直到；C.because因为；D.while当……时候。引导原因状语从句，表示因为应用because。故选C。23．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我再次尝试。A.passed通过，经过；B.remained提醒；C.happened发生；D.changed改变。根据上文weeks可知指经过了几周，作者再次尝试。故选A。24．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次我骑着自行车走到校园后面空荡荡的停车场。A.crowded拥挤的；B.busy忙碌的；C.covered有顶的；D.empty空的。结合常识，作者要学习自行车选择的应该是开阔没什么人的停车场。故选D。25．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不断地向自己重复指令，经过几次尴尬的尝试，甚至更痛苦的摔倒之后，我学会了骑自行车。A.experiments实验；B.attempts尝试；C.fights斗争；D.conflicts冲突。根据上文“Ikeptrepeatingtheinstructionstomyselfandafterafewawkward”可知，作者学车经过了几次尴尬的尝试。故选B。26．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：学习人生的课程很像学习骑自行车。A.though虽然；B.even甚至；C.much非常；D.still仍然。根据后文“likelearningtorideabike”可知作者把人生的课程比作学习骑自行车。muchlike“很像”。故选C。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人生教训是痛苦的。A.wonderful极好的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.dangerous危险的；D.painful痛苦的。呼应上文“evenmorepainful”指有些人生教训是痛苦的。故选D。28．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不能选择在哪里学习它们；我们并不总是有好老师，我们也不总是做好准备。A.ready准备好的；B.perfect完美的；C.wrong错误的；D.strong强壮的。此处呼应上文“wedon’talwayshavegoodteachersandwearenotalways”作者的姐妹教作者骑车方式粗暴，不是好老师，作者也并没有准备好。故选A。29．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫里奇教我的儿子们骑自行车。A.forced迫使；B.taught教学；C.allowed允许；D.ordered命令。根据后文“mysonstorideabike”指丈夫教儿子骑自行车。故选B。30．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，他把辅助轮抬高了一点，然后他们骑着自行车绕着街区转了一圈，慢慢习惯了这种不稳定的感觉。A.practice练习；B.habit习惯；C.development发展；D.feeling感觉。根据上文“theyrodearoundtheblockgettingusedtotheunstable”可知，他们骑着自行车绕着街区转了一圈，慢慢习惯骑车这种不稳定的感觉。故选D。31．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：取下辅助轮后，他会抓住座位，沿着自行车的一侧跑，使其稳定下来。A.repair修理；B.fix修理；C.steady稳住；D.move移动。根据上文“holdingontotheseatto”可知丈夫抓住自行车的座椅是为了让车稳定下来。故选C。32．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你就快成功了！A.almost几乎；B.usually通常；C.always总是；D.seldom很少。根据上文“UpanddownourstreettheywouldgowithRichcallingout”可知，丈夫为了鼓励儿子，说他就快成功了，almost符合语境。故选A。33．【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：里奇会放手，但还是继续跑，以防万一。A.intime及时；B.inrelief如释重负；C.inturn轮流；D.incase万一。丈夫跟着自行车跑，是为了以防儿子摔倒。故选D。34．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在新的一年里，当生活的课程来了，你可以从耐心和善良的老师那里学到；你可能会被支持和鼓励包围。A.accept接受；B.learn学习；C.refuse拒绝；D.avoid避免；根据后文“themfromapatientandkindteacher”指从有耐心和善良的老师那里学到生活的课程。故选B。35．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新的一年里，当生活的课程来了，你可以从耐心和善良的老师那里学到；你可能会被支持和鼓励包围。A.blame责备；B.complaint抱怨；C.support支持；D.criticism批评。根据后文“andencouragement”可知指被有耐心善良的老师支持和鼓励，故选C。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThefollowingisalistofmuseumsthathavenewwaystodevelopcreativityandspreadknowledge.TheMuseoNacionalThyssen-BornemiszaThemuseumisoneofMadrid’s“BigThree”culturalinstitutions.Hometotheworld’ssecondlargestprivatecollectionofart,itownsfamousworksfromalmosteveryartmovement.Userscantakeavirtual(虚拟的）touroftheentirebuildingorathematic(主题的）tourcoveringsuchtopicsasfoodandfashion.TheNationalMuseumofModernandContemporaryArt(MMCA),SeoulSinceitopeneditsdoorsin2013,MMCAhasbecomeawell-knownculturalplatformandleaderinKoreanart.WiththehelpofGoogleArtsandCulture,MMCAisnowofferingavirtualtourofitscollections.ThisexperiencetakesvisitorsthroughsixfloorsofmodernandcontemporaryartfromKoreaandaroundtheworld.TheAnneFrankHouseTheAnneFrankHouse,setupin1957inAmsterdam,triestoinformthepublicthrougheducationalprogramsandtoursofthebuildingwhereAnneandherfamilyhidduringWorldWarII.ToexploredeeperintothestorydescribedinAnne9sdiary,onlinevisitorscanwatchvideosaboutherlifeandlookaroundthehousewhereshelivedbeforegoingintohiding.TheVaticanMuseumsTheyarethepublicartandsculpturemuseumsintheVaticanCity.TheyexhibitworksfromthelargecollectioncollectedbythePopes(教皇）throughoutthecenturies,includingseveralofthemostfamousRomansculpturesandmostimportantmasterpiecesofRenaissance(文艺复兴）artintheworld.Virtualvisitorscantoursevendifferentsectionsofthecomplex,enjoying360-degreeviewsoftheSistineChapel,perhapsbestknownforMichelangelo’sceilingandLastJudgmentfresco(壁画).36．Atwhichmuseumcanvisitorsgainknowledgeofartmovements?A．TheVaticanMuseums.B．TheAnneFrankHouse.C．TheMuseoNacionalThyssen-Bomemisza.D．TheNationalMuseumofModemandContemporaryArt.37．WhatdoesMMCA’scollectionfocuson?A．WorksoffamousRomanartists.B．Modemandcontemporaryart.C．Publiceducationalprograms.D．GoogleArtsandCulture.38．WhatisspecialabouttheAnneFrankHouse?A．ItwasbuiltduringWorldWarII.B．Ithasthelargestprivatecollections.C．Itistheoldestmuseumaboutthewar.D．IttellsthestoryofaWorldWarIIvictim.39．WhatcantouristsdoinTheVaticanMuseums?A．Learntocreatesculptures.B．Enjoyaspecificthematictour.C．WatchvideosaboutthePopes’life.D．AppreciateMichelangelo’sartworks.40．What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A．Tointroducemuseumswithvirtualtours.B．Toappealtopeopletovisitmuseumsintheflesh.C．Toshowpeoplewaysofappreciatingworksofart.D．Toadvisemuseumstoperfectvisitors’experience.【答案】36．C37．B38．D39．D40．A【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个带有虚拟旅游的博物馆。36．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Hometotheworld’ssecondlargestprivatecollectionofart,itownsfamousworksfromalmosteveryartmovement.（它是世界上第二大的艺术私人收藏的家，拥有着来自几乎每个艺术活动的著名的作品）”可知，在TheMuseoNacionalThyssen-Bomemisza博物馆可以获得艺术活动相关的知识。故选C。37．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ThisexperiencetakesvisitorsthroughsixfloorsofmodernandcontemporaryartfromKoreaandaroundtheworld.（这次体验能让游客在六层的博物馆里欣赏到来自韩国以及全世界的现代和当代艺术）”可知，MMCA博物馆主要展示现代和当代艺术。故选B。38．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“TheAnneFrankHouse,setupin1957inAmsterdam,triestoinformthepublicthrougheducationalprogramsandtoursofthebuildingwhereAnneandherfamilyhidduringWorldWarII.（建于1957年的AnneFrankHouse，想通过教育节目和在此的旅行，让公众知道在二战时，Anne和她的家人所隐藏的地方。）”可知，AnneFrankHouse主要是讲述二战受害者Anne的故事。故选D。39．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Virtualvisitorscantoursevendifferentsectionsofthecomplex,enjoying360-degreeviewsoftheSistineChapel,perhapsbestknownforMichelangelo’sceilingandLastJudgmentfresco(壁画).（虚拟游客可以从360度参观西斯廷教堂，以Michelangelo的天花板和LastJudgment的壁画出名的教堂。）”可知，游客在TheVaticanMuseums可以欣赏到Michelangelo的作品。故选D。40．【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thefollowingisalistofmuseumsthathavenewwaystodevelopcreativityandspreadknowledge.（以下是几处博物馆的介绍，这些博物馆有新的方式来培养创造力和传播知识）”可知，作者写这篇文章目的在于介绍这几个博物馆。再根据每个博物馆的“virtual(虚拟的）”可知，这几个博物馆都带有虚拟旅行。故选A。.BAninth-gradeAledotrackstandoutwhowasthevictimofanunusualaccidentwithadeerhasreturnedtothevarsityteam(校队)andsayshisstoryoffersalessonforeveryone:“Neverstoptrying.”JackFink,14,hasalwayslovedtorun."I'vebeenrunninglongdistancesinceIwasinthirdgrade,"Finksaid."It'sthewindinmyface.Justgoingasfastaspossible."Onemorninglastmonth,Finkwasrunningalongagolfcoursenotfarfromschool—practicingwithhisteam—whensomethingfasterthanhimhithimhardfrombehind.“IsawtheskyandthenIsawthegroundandthenmyearsstartedringing,"hesaid.Someteammatessawwhathappenedandhelpedhimup.“Theytoldmeacoupleofminutesafter,‘Jack,yougothitbyadeer!’AndIwaslike,‘What?There'snoway,’”hesaidMonday.Heneverevensawthedeer,hesaid.FinkwasOKatfirstbutasthehourswentonhisheadstartedhurting.FinkthenwenttoCookChildren'shospital."Theytookmestraightbacktosurgeryandtheytoldmymomanddad,‘Hey,hemaynotmakeit,’”hesaid.X-raysfoundaskullfracture(颅骨骨折)andbleedinginhisbrain.Heneededsixscrews(螺钉)torelievethepressure,screwsthatwillstayinsidehisheadfortherestofhislife.Hespentafewweeksathomerecoveringbutwantedtorunagain.Notsureifhewasuptoit,hiscoachesputhimonthejuniorvarsityteamatfirst."It'sthecraziestandthescariestthingI'vehadtodealwithinmycoachingcareer,”trackcoachMikePinkertonsaidoftheincident."Hesaid,‘Coach,I'mgettingmyspotback!’”Pinkertonsaid.Atthejuniorvarsitymeet,Finkcameinfirst.Hethengothisvarsityspotback.“Ifeltlike,‘OKIcandothisagain.I'mback.I'mreadytorunagain,’”Finksaid.AtaregionalmeetMondayinLubbock,Finkwasthefastestninth-graderintheentirearea.ThestatecompetitionisinRoundRocknextmonth,andFinkwillbetherewithhisteam."There'snoexcuse.Youhavetogothroughlifeandtryyourhardestwitheverything,”hesaid.“Neverstoptryingandjustrun.”41．Whendidtheaccidenthappen?A．WhenFinkwasinthirdgrade. B．WhileFinkwasplayinggolfatthecourse.C．BeforeFinksawthesky. D．WhileFinkwastraining.42．Afterhearinghewashitbyadeer,Finkfelt________.A．amused B．astonished C．annoyed D．disappointed43．WhatcouldbeinferredfromPara.5?A．Theaccidentdidhimnoharm. B．Hehadtoreplacescrewsforlife.C．Hewastakentothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident. D．Hehadanoperationonhishead.44．WhydidthecoachsendFinktothejuniorvarsityteamfirst?A．BecauseFinkwasstillweakafterhisrecovery.B．Becausethecoachdoubtedabouthisfitnessfortherace.C．BecausethecoachwasmadwithFink'sdecision.D．BecauseFinkhadtopassthejuniorvarsitymeetfirst.45．Whichofthefollowingisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Anovel. B．Anewspaper. C．Abrochure. D．Adiary.【答案】41．D42．B43．D44．B45．B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位九年级的田径运动员杰克·芬克受伤之后，通过自己不懈努力，重新回到了校队。41．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Onemorninglastmonth,Finkwasrunningalongagolfcoursenotfarfromschool—practicingwithhisteam—whensomethingfasterthanhimhithimhardfrombehind.(上个月的一个早晨，芬克正在离学校不远的一个高尔夫球场上跑步，和他的团队一起练习，突然有个比他更快的东西从后面狠狠地猛击了他一下)”可知，事故是当芬克在训练时发生的。故选D。42．【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“‘What?There'snoway,’”hesaidMonday.Heneverevensawthedeer,hesaid.(“什么？不可能，”他周一说。他说，他甚至都没见过那头鹿)”可知，芬克听说自己被鹿撞了，感到很惊讶。故选B。43．【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Heneededsixscrewstorelievethepressure,screwsthatwillstayinsidehisheadfortherestofhislife.(他需要6颗螺丝来缓冲压力，这些螺丝将会在他的大脑中度过余生)”可推断，他做了头部手术。故选D。44．【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段“Notsureifhewasuptoit,hiscoachesputhimonthejuniorvarsityteamatfirst.(由于不确定他是否能胜任，他的教练们起初把他安排进了次要代表队)”可推断，教练先送芬克去次要代表队是因为教练怀疑他的体能是否适合比赛。故选B。45．【解析】推理判断题。本文是以当事人杰克·芬克和他的教练的视角对他发生的这场事故进行描述和后来他采取的措施而写的一篇文章。由此推知，这篇文章可能来自一份报纸上的报道。故选B。CYouwatchasadfilmandgetcaughtupinyouremotions.Youcryyoureyesoutatthedramaticplot—youfeelsadforthecharactersiftheysuffer,orhappyforthemwhentheyaresuccessful.Itisonlywhenthemovieisoverthatyourealizethatwhatyouwerewatchingisnotreal.Butwhycouldn’tyouacceptthatwhenyouweresoabsorbedinthemovie?ItwasreportedinScienceDailythisweekthatscientistsatCaseWesternReserveUniversity,US,discoveredthatpeoplesimplycannotthinkemotionallyandlogicallyatthesametime.Ithaslongbeenknownthatsomethingdifferentgoesoninourbrainwhenweuselogic,ratherthanrespondingtosomethingemotionally.Thinkinglogicallyisastep-by-stepprocess,inwhichpeoplemakedecisionsthroughreasoningandfindanswersrationally.Whenwethinkemotionallyorempathize(有同感),welookatthingsfromsomeoneelse’spointofviewandtrytofeeltheirpain.Nowscientistshavefoundthatthinkinglogicallyandemotionallyarelikethetwoendsofaseesaw(跷跷板).Whenwe’rebusyempathizing,thepartofthebrainusedforcold,hardanalysisissuppressed.Andit’salsotruetheotherwayround.Tocometothisconclusion,scientistsgathered45people—menandwomen—totakebrainscansastheysolveddifferentkindsofpuzzles.Someofthepuzzlesweretoughandinvolvedmathandphysicsandothersweresocialproblemsthatrequiredparticipantstoputthemselvesinotherpeople’sshoes.Scientistsfoundthatwhenparticipantsweredoingamathproblem,theregionintheirbrainthatisassociatedwithlogicalthinkinglitup,andwhenaskedtomakeemotionaldecisions,theregionforemotionalthinkinglitup.Butthemostinterestingpartisthatwhenaskedtosolveproblemsthatrequiredbothlogicalandemotionalresponses,theparticipantsalwaysusedoneoftheregionsatatimewhiletheotheronewentdark.“Empatheticandanalyticthinkingaremutually(相互之间地)exclusive(排斥的)inthebrain,”saidAnthonyJack,leaderofthestudy.“Youdon'thavetofavorone,butcycleefficientlybetweenthem,andemploytherightnetworkattherighttime.”However,peoplesometimesendedupusingthewrongone.Thisexplainswhysomepeoplearegoodatsolvingcomplexmathproblemsbuthavepoorsocialskills.Andwhyeventhesmartestpeoplegettakeninbyfakebuttouchingstories.46．Whydoestheauthormentionwatchingmoviesatthebeginningofthearticle?A．Toshowthatweareeasilymovedbythingsthatarenotreal.B．Toshowthatsometimesweonlyuseemotionalthinking.C．Tointroducetheresearchhasedonthiskindofexperiences.D．Toproveemotionalthinkingispowerful.47．ScientistsatCaseWesternReserveUniversity,USproved________throughtheirrecenttests.A．logicalthinkingworksdifferentlyfromemotionalthinkingB．logicalthinkingismuchmoreefficientthanemotionalthinkingC．logicalthinkingandemotionalthinkingtaketurnstofunctionindependentlyD．logicalthinkingandemotionalthinkingcouldworktogether48．Theunderlinedword“suppressed”inParagraph4means________.A．startingtoreactactivelyB．beingcompleteldamagedC．topreventsomethingfromworkingeffectivelyD．toobtainanoppositefunction49．Wecanconcludefromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________.A．peoplehavetofrequentlyswitchbetweendifferenttypesofthinkingB．adoptingthewrongthinkingmodecouldhavebadresultsC．peoplecouldonlyeitherhaveexcellentlogicalthinkingoremotionalthinkingD．peoplewhothinklogicallycouldeasilybemanipulated50．Whatisprobablythebesttitle?A．MoviesandYourEmotions B．MathandPhysicsC．YourHeartvsYourMind D．LogicalThinking【答案】46．C47．C48．C49．A50．C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端，不能同时工作。46．【解析】推理判断题。文中第一段描述了观影人在看电影时情绪会受到电影情节影响，只有到电影结束时才会意识到自己所看到的并不是真实的，第二段中“Butwhycouldn’tyouacceptthatwhenyouweresoabsorbedinthemovie?（但是当你如此专注于电影的时候，你为什么不能接受这一点呢?）”就这一现象提出问题，并引出研究结论“ItwasreportedinScienceDailythisweekthatscientistsatCaseWesternReserveUniversity,US,discoveredthatpeoplesimplycannotthinkemotionallyandlogicallyatthesametime.(据本周《科学日报》报道，美国凯斯西储大学的科学家们发现，人们无法同时进行情感和逻辑思考)”，由此推知，作者在文章开头提到看电影是为了引出基于这类经验的研究。故选C。47．【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Nowscientistshavefoundthatthinkinglogicallyandemotionallyarelikethetwoendsofaseesaw(跷跷板).Whenwe’rebusyempathizing,thepartofthebrainusedforcoldhardanalysisissuppressed.Andit’salsotruetheotherwayround.（现在科学家们发现，逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端。当我们忙于移情时，大脑中用于冷静、强硬分析的部分就会被抑制。反过来也一样）”可推知，美国凯斯西储大学的科学家发现逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端，轮流独立发挥作用，故选C。48．【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Nowscientistshavefoundthatthinkinglogicallyandemotionallyarelikethetwoendsofaseesaw(跷跷板).Whenwe’rebusyempathizing,thepartofthebrainusedforcold.hardanalysisissuppressed.(现在科学家们发现，逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端。当我们忙于移情时，大脑中用于冷静、强硬分析的部分就会被suppressed)”中“twoendsofaseesaw”可知，跷跷板的原理就是一边升，一边降，句中把逻辑思维和情感思维比喻为“跷跷板的两端”，由此推知，当我们忙于移情，情感思维端活跃时，逻辑思维端就会“降”，受到压制，所以句中划线词suppressed应该指“压制；阻止”，与C项“阻止某事有效地工作”意思相近，故选C。49．【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“‘Empatheticandanalyticthinkingaremutually(相互之间地)exclusive(排斥的)inthebrain,’saidAnthonyJack,leaderofthestudy.‘Youdon'thavetofavorone,butcycleefficientlybetweenthem,andemploytherightnetworkattherighttime.’(研究负责人安东尼·杰克说：“在大脑中，移情能力和分析能力是相互排斥的。”你不必偏爱其中的一个，而是在它们之间有效地循环，并在正确的时间使用正确的神经网络)”可推知，人们需要在不同的思维方式之间进行切换，故选A。50．【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端，不能同时工作，C项“YourHeartvsYourMind”中“YourHeart”代表“情感思维”，“YourMind”代表“逻辑思维”，是最佳标题。故选C。DPrettysoonnotevenyourdreamsmaybeprivateanymore.Japanesescientistshavelearnedhowtointerpretwhatyou’redreamingaboutbymeasuringyourbrainactivitywhileyousleep.Thisdatacanthenbeconnectedtoanalgorithmthatreconstructsyourdreamsothatitcanbeplayedbackforyouwhenyou’reawake,accordingtothejournalScience.Inotherwords,scientistshaveinventedasortofdream-readingmachine.Beforelong,youmayneverhavetoworryaboutforgettingwhatyoudreamedabouteveragain.You’llbeabletosimplyplayyourdreamsbackafteryouwakeupinthemorning.Theremarkablebreakthroughmakesuseofafairlystraightforwardidea:thatwhenwevisualizecertaintypesofobjectsinourminds,ourbrainsgenerateconsistentneuralpatternsthatcanthenbecorrelatedwithwhatisbeingvisualized.Forinstance,whenyouimagineachair,yourbrainfiresinapatternthatoccurswheneverachairisvisualized.Analgorithmcanthenbeusedtotiethedatafromabrainscantotheappropriatecorrelatedimages.Inthiswayyourdreamcanbereconstructed.Sofartheresearchisstillfairlybasic—researchersonlyclaimtogetthedreamrightabout60percentofthetime—butit’sstillanextraordinaryturnforthescienceofthemind.Here’showthestudyworked.Subjectswerefirstaskedtohookthemselvesuptoanelectroencephalography(EEG)machine,thentofallasleepwithinanfMRImachine.ScientistsusedtheEEGreadingstoidentifywhenthesubjectsbegantoenteradreamingphase.Thesubjectswerethenpromptlywokenupandaskedtorecallwhattheyweredreamingabout.Thisprocesswasrepeatednearly200timesforeachsubject.Later,thescientistsprocessedthisdataanddiscoveredthatcertaincommontypesofobjectsfromthesubjects’dreamscouldbecorrelatedwithbrainpatternsasrecordedbythefMRIscans.TheythenusedanInternetsearchenginetolookforimagesthatroughlymatchedtheobjectsfromthesubjects’drea