WeleunitDiscoveringUsefulStructures句子成分及句子结构课件高一上学期英语人教版

句子成分WELCOMEUNIT句子类型1.谁做某事。2.什么是什么。3.某处有某物。句子类型1.谁做某事。2.什么是什么3.某处有某物Ijusthadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool!Theclasswasdifficult,buttheteacherwaskindandfriendly.Heeventoldusafunnystoryandeveryonelaughedsomuch!Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.句子类型1.谁做某事。2.什么是什么3.某处有某物Sothisisit-seniorhighschoolatlast.I'mnotoutgoingsoI’malittleanxiousrightnow.Iwanttomakeagoodfirstimpression.WillImake

anyfriends?Whatifnoonetalkstome?句子类型1.谁做某事。（1）

Heeventoldusafunnystoryand

everyonelaughedsomuch!

Everyone

laughedsomuch!(1)主+谓

(S+V)注：谓语为不及物动词vi.eg:He

smiled.Thesun

hasrisen.

句子类型1.谁做某事。(2)(2)主+谓+宾

(S+V+O)谓语为及物动词vt.I

want

tomakeagoodfirstimpression.Will

I

make

anyfriends?注：谓语为不及物动词vi.时需先加介词再加宾语。Whatifnoone

talksto

me?宾语：动词/介词/形容词的内容或对象认识to：to

dosth.:动词不定式to

doing/n./pron:to为介词eg:We

likehim.Heraisedhishand.

I

listentotheteacher.哪些句子是

主+谓+宾

(S+V+O)？

What

aday!Thismorning,Iwasworriedthatnoonewouldtalktome.ButIwaswrong.Ididn'tfeelawkwardorfrightenedatall.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool,butIbelieveIwillmakenewfriendshereandthere’salottoexploreatseniorhigh.IfeelmuchmoreconfidentthanIfeltthismorning.Ithinkthattomorrowwillbeagreatday!1.谁做某事。(2)

句子类型1.谁做某事。(3)

(3)主+谓

+间宾+直宾

(S+V+IO+DO)常接双宾的动词有与to连用:pass,show,give,lend,hand,

offer,tell,send,bring等；与for连用：buy,cook,get,make,sing等。

Heeventold

us

afunnystory.

Heeventold

afunnystory

to

us.

某些动词需要加两个宾语句子意思才完整，为该动词固定用法。句子类型1.谁做某事。(4)

(4)主+谓+宾+宾补

(S+V+O+Oc)常接宾补的动词有find

sb.adj./doing,makesb.adj./do/done;seesb.do/doing/done,tell/asksb.todosth.等。某些动词需要加宾语再加宾语补足语句子意思才完整，为该动词固定用法。

Ireallywantedtotell

himtopleasebequietandleavemealone.

I

found

mostofmyclassmatesandteachers

friendlyandhelpful.(1)

Wegave

Tom

somegifts.(3)I

found

him

honest

.

（4）Tell

him

not

to

be

late

tomorrow.call

sb.sth.find

sb.adj.\doingsth.\done.tell

sb.todosth.makesb.sth.make

sb.sth\adj.\dosth\done(2)

Wecall

him

Tom.

双宾与宾补的区别：双宾：内容对象同时出现宾补：宾语与宾补中间加be可构成句子，并符合逻辑.双宾宾补双宾和

宾补的区别

（5)Imadehimakite.双宾宾补宾补宾补give

sb.sth.

（6)Itmadehimveryhappy.Ifoundhim_________(interest)inscience.2.Thebossasksthem_________(work)alldayandallnight.3.Imakemyself__________(understand)bystudents.4.Imade______(he)akite.5.WegaveTomsome______(gift).6.Pleaselisten___me.7.Iwant_________(make)agoodfirstimpression8.Everyone_______(laugh).9.Itis_________(wonder).interestedtoworkunderstoodhimtogiftstomakelaughed(4)主+谓+宾+宾补

(S+V+O+Oc)(3)主+谓

+间宾+直宾

(S+V+IO+DO)(2)主+谓+宾

(S+V+O)(1)主+谓

(S+V)wonderful(1)主+系+表

(S+V+P)句子类型2.什么是什么

(5)主+系+表

(S+V+P)表语：表示主语的身份，状态，特征等，位于系动词之后。ButI

was

wrong.Ididn'tfeel

awkwardorfrightenedatall.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool,butIbelieveIwillmakenewfriendshereandthere’salottoexploreatseniorhigh.

I

feel

muchmoreconfidentthanIfeltthismorning.Ithinkthat

tomorrow

willbe

agreatday!You

feel

nervous.Theyseem

friendly.Theybecame

friends.Iam

here.主系表（S+V+P）谓语为系动词：Ourduty

is

tostudyhard.一是：be(作谓语）二像：seem,appear三保持：keep,stay,remain四变化：become(成为),get(渐变）,go(变质),turn(颜色)...五起来：look,taste,sound,smell,feel还有其他+adj.的动词句子类型3.某处有某物

(6)therebe

结构ButIwaswrong.Ididn'tfeelawkwardorfrightenedatall.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool,butIbelieveIwillmakenewfriendshereandthere’salottoexploreatseniorhigh.IfeelmuchmoreconfidentthanIfeltthismorning.Ithinkthattomorrowwillbeagreatday!Thereisabookandsomepensonthedesk.Thereare

somepensandabookonthedesk.表示的是“在某处有某人或某物”谓语：靠近(主语)原则。五种简单句基本类型1.我们都笑了。2.我想我奶奶。3.老师很善良很友好。4.他告诉我们一个好笑的故事。5.我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好很乐于助人的。Allofuslaughed.Imissmygrandma.Theteacherwaskindandfriendly.Hetoldusafunnystory.Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.主谓(SV)主谓宾(SVO)主系表(SVP)主谓宾宾(SVOO)主谓宾宾补(SVOOc)“谁做某事”“什么是什么”vi.vt.\vi.+介词系动词动词固定用法动词固定用法不同谓语动词类型决定简单句基本类型宾语：动词\介词\形容词的内容或对象谓语动词分类1、实义动词*人称、数的变化*反应时态、语态2、系动词3、情态动词+do4、助动词+doWill/should/could/might+dodoesn’t+do;didn’t+do一是：be(作谓语）二像：seem,appear三保持：keep,stay,remain四变化：become(成为),get(渐变）,go(变质),turn(颜色)...五起来：look,taste,sound,smell,feel还有其他+adj.的动词判断简单句基本类型1.Theweatherhasturnedcold.2.HisjobistoteachEnglish.3.Hehascaughtabadcold.4.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.5.Letthefreshairin.6.Wesawherenteringtheroom.7.Heboughtmeabirthdaygift.8.CallmeJoe.9.Thegirlsmiled.SVP(主系表）SVP(主系表）SV（主谓）SVO(主谓宾）SVOOc(主谓宾宾补）（S）VOOc

(主谓宾宾补）SVOOc

(主谓宾宾补）SVOO主谓宾宾（S）VOOc

(主谓宾宾补）定语

状语Practicemakesperfect!10.Thegirlinred

smiledhappily.Yanlingisachemistry

teacher.（名词）Heisour

friend.（代词）Webelongtothe

third

world.（数词）

Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazy

boyalesson.（形容词）Theman

overthereismyoldfriend.(副词)Thewomanwithababyinherarms

ismysister.(介词)TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（现在分词）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（过去分词）Ihaveanidea

todoitwell.（不定式）Youshoulddoeverything

thatIdo.（定语从句）

定语定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子定语的位置（鞍前马后）：单个词作定语放在名词之前，多个单词作定语则紧跟名词之后注意：语法填空题修饰名词时常用形容词性形式Iwill

gotheretomorrow.

Themeetingwillbeheld

inthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.