2024届上海市金山区高三下学期二模英语试题（解析版）

金山区2023学年第二学期质量监控高三英语试卷（考试时间120分钟，总分140分）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Ashopassistant. B.Awaiter. C.Areceptionist. D.Atravelagent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Wehaveneverbeenherebefore.Doyouhaveanythingspecialtorecommend?M:Well,madam,ourseafoodpizzaisreallygood.Q:Whoismostprobablytheman?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.10minutes. B.20minutes. C.30minutes. D.40minutes.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:WhendoesthenexttrainleaveforShanghai?W:Thetrainleaveseverythirtyminutesandthelasttrainlefttenminutesagosoyouwon’thavetowaitforlong.Q:Howlongwillthemanhavetowait?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Inauniversity. B.Inagallery. C.Inabookstore. D.Inalibrary.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ihaveamapofthecampus,butIstillcan’tfindthelibrarywithasculptureexhibitinit.Canyoutellmehowtogetthere?W:Thatlookslikeanoldmap.Followme.I’mgoingthatwaymyself.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Happy. B.Exhausted. C.Disappointed. D.Curious.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ican’tbelievethatIwentthroughthetroubleofarrangingeverythingforthepartyandthennoonecame.M:Howcome?Q:Howdoesthewomanfeel?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Readthespeechtoher. B.Giveadifferentspeech.C.Finishwritingthespeech. D.Stopworryingaboutthespeech.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:I’msotired.IspentalllastnightthinkingaboutthegraduationspeechIhavetogivenextweek.W:Comeon,youwillbefine.Justdon’tstressyourselfout.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Gethiscarwindowclosed. B.Lendhisumbrellatothewoman.C.Borrowthewoman’scarkey. D.Listentotheweatherforecast.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:IthinkIforgotmyumbrella.Didyounoticethatitwasrainingoutside?M:Yeah,itis.AndIjustrealizethatIleftmycarwindowopen.Q:Whatwillthemanmostprobablydonext?7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.He’snotfeelingfine. B.Hecan’tseeverywell.C.Hiseyedoesn’thurtmuch. D.Hiseyeisn’thealingquickly.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whatonearthdidyoudotoyoureye?M:Oh,nothing.Itlooksalotworsethanitfeels.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Theyneedtodresssimilarly. B.Thewomanshouldavoidjeans.C.Theyhadbetterdressformally. D.Themanislookingforanewjacket.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:It’sallrighttowearjeansforaclasspresentation,isn’tit?M:That’swhatI’mwearing.Butifwewearjacketstoo,maybewewon’tlooksocasual.Q:Whatistheman’ssuggestion?9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】AThejobiswell-paid. B.Hehasjustworkedforaday.C.Theweatherisnotaproblem. D.Hehastroubleridingabicycle.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ihearthatyouareworkingasapizzadelivererthissummer.It’sgottobeawfullyhotridingabicyclealldaytoeverycornerofthetown.M:Well,totellthetruth,butforthepay,Icouldn’tevenworkforaday.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Thewomansoldhercarbecauseshehatesdriving.B.Thewomanthinksitisnotconvenienttodriveacar.C.Thewomanwillbetravellingbysubwayfromnowon.D.Thewomanmovedbecauseshedidn’twanttodriveanymore.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:You’vesoldyourcar.Youdon’tneedone?W:Notreally.I’veneverlikeddrivinganyway.Nowthatwehavemovedtoaplacenearthesubway,wecangetaboutquiteconvenientlywithoutacar.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andonelongerconversationandyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.A.5%. B.80%. C.40%. D.10%.12.A.Pollutingtheenvironment.B.Destroyingwildlifehabitats.C.Endangeringnewspecies.D.Huntingtoagreatextent.13.A.Toappealtopeopletoprotectwildlife.B.ToemphasizetheimportanceoftheEarth.C.Todescribedifferentwaystostoppollution.D.Toanalyzethereasonsforwildlife’sdisappearing.【答案】11.C12.C13.A【解析】【原文】Hugenumbersofunknownplantsandanimalsareindanger.TheEarth,accordingtovariousestimates,supportsbetween5millionand80millionspecies.“Species,”saysDrLovejoy,“aredisappearingbeforewehaveachancetolearnhowtheymightbenefittherestoftheworld.”Thousandsofkindsofplantscouldhelpfeedagrowingworldpopulation.Aboutfouroutofeverytenmedicinescomefromingredientsfoundinplants.Someanimalsalsoprovidemedicines.“It’snaturalforspeciestobecomeextinctovermillionsofyears,”saysDrLovejoy.What’sunnaturalisthathumansarespeedinguptheprocessmanytimesover.”Actually,humanshaveagreatimpactonotherlivingthingsthatsharetheEarth.Andpeoplearedoingthisinfourmainways:makingthelivingplacesofwildlifelesshabitable,huntingexcessively,introducingnewspeciesthatendangernativewildlife,andmakingtheenvironmentdirtyandpolluted.Theseactivitiesaffectallspeciesinonewayoranother,becausealllifeisinterconnected.Istheretimetopreventdisaster?“Justbarely,”sayscientists.Worldwideactionwillbedifficultandcostly.Butscientistsagreethatactionmustbetakenquickly.Timeisrunningout.Questions:11.Whatpercentageofplantsprovidemedicinesforhumans?12.Whichofthefollowingisnotresponsibleforthedisappearingofwildlife?13.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.A.Becauseitishisnickname.B.Becauseheisoftencalledtoputoutfires.C.Becausehebringsmoretechnicaltechnologytoeachproject.D.Becauseheistheonewhogetscalledtoaddresstroubledprojects.15.A.Hecontributesmorevaluethanothers.B.Hestruggledtosettleproblemsbutfailed.C.Heinterferedwiththedistributionserviceprojects.D.Helearnsfrompastmistakesandsuccessesconsciously.16.A.Toaskforapayraise. B.Tobecomeafireman.C.Tobetheteamleader. D.Topresentabetterimage.【答案】14.D15.D16.A【解析】【原文】DuringthesevenyearsthatI’vebeenworkingwiththeaircraftpartsmarketingteam,I’mfamiliarwitheachnewprojectassignment.Ithinkit’sfairtosaythatIcontributealotmorevaluetodaythanIdidaboutsevenyearsago.Onereasonisthat,witheachtechnicalproject,Ibringmoretechnicalknow-howthanIdidbefore.ImakeaconsciousefforttolearnfrompastmistakesandsuccessesandtomakesurethateachnewprojectbenefitsfromthelessonsthatIhavelearnedinthepreviousones.Anotherfactorisleadership–theabilitytoleadtroubledprojectstosuccess.WhenourBrazilianpassengeraircraftprojectwasintroublelastyear,Isteppedin.WhendistributionserviceprojectsinGermanynearlyfellthroughthisyear,Isteppedin.Ithinkyou’refamiliarwithmynickname,“thefireman.”I’mthe“go-to”guywhogetscalledintoputoutfiresandgettroubledprojectsgoingagain.Icouldgoon,butIthinkyougetthepicture.Businesstodayisaboutcreatingvalueatalllevels.AndI’mallaboutvalue.So,Ithinkyou’llagreethatI’mdueforapayraise.Thankyou.Questions:14.Whyisthespeakercalled“thefireman”?15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeaker?16.Whydoesthespeakermakethespeech?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.A.Blackorwhitecoffee. B.Theirteachersinclasses.C.Worldhistoryclasses. D.Thebeginningofthesemester.18.A.Shehastotakethecourse. B.Shefindsitinteresting.CTheprofessorgivesgoodinstructions. D.Therearemanydiscussions.19.A.Sheholdsbiglectures. B.Shetakesherstudentsseriously.C.Shelovesthesubjectsomuch. D.Shegivesausualtestinclass.20.A.Talktotheman’steacher. B.Takeanotherhistorycourse.C.Meetthemannextday. D.Gototheman’sworldhistoryclass.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.D【解析】【原文】W:Mm,thiscoffeeisreallystrong.M:Itissostrong.Ilikewhitecoffee.W:SodoI.ButIlikeblackcoffeetoday.DuringmylastclassIwasthinkingaboutcominghereandcouldalmosttastethecoffee.M:Soundslikeitwasn’ttoointeresting.W:Iwasboredtodeath.I’minthatpsychologyclassonlybecauseitisarequirement,soIhavetostickitout.Theproblemis,theprofessordoesn’tknowhowtoarouseourinterest.Shejustwalksin,givesuslecturesandassignments.Thereisnodiscussion.Doyouhaveanyclasseslikethat?M:Ihaveonlyonebiglectureclass—worldhistory—andtheprofessor’sthebest.It’ssoappealingthatI’malwaysontheedgeofmyseat.Andwhenwehavediscussions,theroomisfilledwithelectricity.W:I’mjealous.Itissobad.Ihavealreadytakenworldhistory.M:Youknow,onedayitoccurredtomethatIwasluckytobeinherclassbecauseIfoundmyselfthinkingalotaboutwhatshesaid.Didyoueverhaveateacherlikethat?W:I’dhavetothinkaboutit.M:Youshouldcomewithmetoclasssometime,justtoseewhatImean.Iguesswhatitreallycomesdowntoisherenthusiasmforthesubject.Irememberatthebeginningofthissemester;Iwasnottakinganythinginschoolveryseriously.Iboomedthefirsthistorytest,butthenIstartedreallyenjoyingschool,especiallyherclass.W:Youhavegotmereallycuriousaboutthisteacher.IthinkIwillvisityourclass.Whendoesitmeet?Questions:17.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?18.Whydoesthewomantakepsychologycourse?19.Inwhatwaydoestheman’sworldhistoryteacherimpresshimmost?20.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherent.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword.Fortheotherblanks,fillineachblankwithoneproperword.Makesurethatyouranswersaregrammaticallycorrect.DNAanalysisrevealstwowavesofmigrationTheresultsofthestudy,publishedintheScienceBulletin,revealedtwomajormigrationwavesinhistory.Inthispioneeringstudy,scientistsfromFudanUniversity___21___(dig)intotheancientDNAofindividualsburiedinGansuprovince,revealinginterestinginsightsintothegeneticmakeupofHexiCorridorresidentsdatingbackover12centuries.TheresearchemployedancientDNAdata___22___(explore)humanmigrationalongtheHexiCorridor.TheHexiCorridor,wasanarrowyetcruciallink___23___(connect)theheartlandofancientChinatotheWesternTerritory.Characterizedbyitsloftymountainsanddeserts,theancientpathwaywasdottedwithcities___24___(found)alongshortrivers.Historicaldocumentsattest(证实)totheHexiCorridor’ssignificanceasacrossroads___25___WesternandEasterncivilizationsmixedthroughtrade,religionandoccasionalconflictsfollowingtheestablishmentoftheSilkRoadduringtheHanDynasty.___26___technologicaladvancesinbiologyopennewavenuesforexploration,archaeologistsareincreasinglydrawntoanalyzingDNAsamples.LedbyWenShaoqingfromFudanUniversity’sInstituteofArchaeologicalScience,theteamsuccessfullyextractedDNAdata___27___theteethandbonesfoundattwositesnearDunhuang.TheDNAanalysispinpointedtwooutliers(异常样本)datingtotheWeiDynastyandtheTang.Furtherexaminationrevealedonehadapproximately50percentwesternEurasianancestryand___28___30percent,suggestingtheindividualswerelikelydescendantsofunionsbetweenwesternEurasianwomenandlocalmen.___29___theteamconcludedwasthatthegeneticmixcouldbepartiallyattributedtothosemigrations.Expertssaidthesecondmajormigrationperiod____30____(mark)byasignificantshiftinthegenepool.HistoricalrecordssaymigrationfacilitatedbyChineseexplorerZhangQian’svisittotheWesternTerritoryfrom138BCresultedinthecreationoftheSilkRoad.【答案】21.dug##havedug22.toexplore23.connecting24.founded25.where26.As27.from28.theother29What30.wasmarked【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了发表在《科学公报》上的研究结果揭示了历史上两次主要的移民浪潮。在这项开创性的研究中，复旦大学的科学家们挖掘了甘肃省埋葬的个体的古代DNA，揭示了12世纪前河西走廊居民基因组成的有趣见解。该研究利用古代DNA数据来探索河西走廊沿线的人类迁徙。【21题详解】考查时态。句意：在这项开创性的研究中，复旦大学的科学家们挖掘了甘肃省埋葬的个体的古代DNA，揭示了12世纪前河西走廊居民基因组成的有趣见解。此处作谓语，可理解为发生在过去用一般过去时，也可用现在完成时，主语为scientists，助动词用have。故填dug/havedug。【22题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该研究利用古代DNA数据来探索河西走廊沿线的人类迁徙。短语employsth.todosth.表示“利用某物做某事”。故填toexplore。【23题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：河西走廊是连接古代中国中心地带和西域的一条狭窄而重要的通道。分析句子结构可知connect与link构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填connecting。【24题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这条古老的古道以高山和沙漠为特征，沿着短河流点缀着城市。此处cities与found构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填founded。【25题详解】考查定语从句。句意：历史文献证明了河西走廊作为东西方文明的十字路口的重要意义，在这里，随着汉朝丝绸之路的建立，东西方文明通过贸易、宗教和偶尔的冲突融合在一起。定语从句修饰先行词crossroads，关系词在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。【26题详解】考查状语从句。句意：随着生物学技术的进步为探索开辟了新的途径，考古学家越来越热衷于分析DNA样本。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用as，首字母大写。故填As。【27题详解】考查介词。句意：在复旦大学考古科学研究所温少青的带领下，研究小组成功地从敦煌附近两个遗址中发现的牙齿和骨头中提取了DNA数据。此处表示“从……中”应用介词from。故填from。【28题详解】考查短语。句意：进一步的研究显示，其中一人有大约50%的西部欧亚血统，另一人有30%的西部欧亚血统，这表明这些人可能是西部欧亚女性和当地男性结合的后代。根据上文twooutliers可知，此处指两者中的另一个，应用theother。故填theother。【29题详解】考查主语从句。句意：研究小组得出的结论是，基因混合可以部分归因于这些迁徙。引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用what，首字母大写。故填What。【30题详解】考查时态语态。句意：专家表示，第二次大迁徙时期的标志是基因库发生了重大变化。主语secondmajormigrationperiod与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文said可知用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填wasmarked。SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.actuallyB.amazedC.breathtakingD.criticsE.graduallyF.prizeG.reflectionH.releaseI.solidJ.standardizeK.switchedWillAIallowhumanstoplayapart?Rebeccausedtohavearegularjob,translatingafashionbrand’swebsiteintoGerman.Onedayabigchangehappened.Thecompany___31___tousingmachinetranslation.Shekeptthejob,anditstillpaidthebills;however,shewasnowtheretocheckand___32___whateverwasproducedbythecomputer.Buttherewasacomplaint.“Whatitmeant,___33___,wasthatwehumansweretrainingamachine,”shesays.Eachcorrectedcaptionforamid-pricedT-shirt,eachpairofskinnyjeans,wasadatapointfortherobotthatwasgoingtoreplaceher.Withthe___34___ofchatprogramsthatcanimitatehumans,theworldisnowbeginningtoconsiderwhatthecomingofartificialintelligencemeans.Whatwillitdoforourjobsifmanyonce___35___professions—law,accountancy,medicine—disappear?Whatdoesitmeantobeahumanwhenthethingthathumansmost___36___—intelligence—hasbecomethecheapestproductontheplanet?Translators,forgoodandill,don’thavetowonder.“Youcantaketheworldoftranslatorsandinterpretersasa___37___oftheworld,”saysNickiBone,chairwomanoftheboardoftheInstituteofTranslatingandInterpreting.Notallofthemareadjusting.“Ofcourse,wehaveour___38___,”butsheadds,“Therearealsoopportunities,andoptimists.”Thespeedofchange,though,hasbeen___39___.Increasingly,saysBone,sheandhercolleaguesareactingaseditorsofamachine’sfirstpass,ratherthantranslatorsoftherawmaterial.Forsome,that’sfine.“Peoplewillsay,‘OK,insteadofworkingatonerateforthisnumberofwordsperhour,I’mworkingatmanymorewordsperhour,butforamuchlowerrate.’Somearehappytotakeon.Somewon’t,asamatterofprinciple.”Asweare___40___atChatGPTanditsgreatabilitytoimitatehumanwriting,translatorsare,comparedwiththerestoftheprofessions,sensitive.Anyway,thistechnologyisheretostay.【答案】31.K32.J33.A34.H35.I36.F37.G38.D39.C40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能对于语言翻译行业的影响。【31题详解】考查动词。句意：该公司转而使用机器翻译。根据“tousingmachinetranslation”以及句意“转变”可知应填动词switch，发生在过去用一般过去时。故选K。【32题详解】考查动词。句意：她保住了那份工作，而且还能养家糊口；然而，她现在在那里检查和规范计算机产生的任何东西。根据“whateverwasproducedbythecomputer”以及句意“规范”可知应填动词standardize，根据上文tocheckand可知应填原形。故选J。【33题详解】考查副词。句意：“实际上，这意味着我们人类在训练一台机器，”她说。根据“wasthatwehumansweretrainingamachine”以及句意“实际上”可知应填副词actually，作状语。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词。句意：随着可以模仿人类的聊天程序的发布，世界开始考虑人工智能的到来意味着什么。根据“ofchatprogramsthatcanimitatehumans”以及句意“发布”可知应填名词release，作宾语，不可数。故选H。【35题详解】考查形容词。句意：如果许多曾经坚实的职业——法律、会计、医学——消失，对我们的工作将会有什么影响？根据“law,accountancy,medicine”以及句意“坚实的”可知应填形容词solid，作定语修饰名词professions。故选I。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：当人类最珍视的东西——智力——成为这个星球上最便宜的产品时，作为人类意味着什么？根据“intelligence”以及句意“珍视”可知应填动词prize，作谓语，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用原形。故选F。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：“你可以把笔译和口译员的世界看作是世界的反映，”翻译和口译协会董事会主席尼基·伯恩说。根据“oftheworld”以及句意“反映”可知应填名词reflection，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故选G。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：“当然，我们也有批评者，”但她补充说，“也有机会，也有乐观主义者。”根据“Notallofthemareadjusting.”以及句意“批评者”可知应填复数名词critics，作宾语。故选D。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，变化的速度是惊人的。根据“Increasingly,saysBone,sheandhercolleaguesareactingaseditorsofamachine’sfirstpass,ratherthantranslatorsoftherawmaterial.(Bone说，她和她的同事们越来越多地扮演着机器第一遍编辑的角色，而不是原始材料的翻译)”以及句意“惊人的”可知应填形容词breathtaking，故选C。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：当我们惊叹于ChatGPT及其模仿人类写作的强大能力时，与其他职业相比，翻译是敏感的。根据“atChatGPTanditsgreatabilitytoimitatehumanwriting”以及句意“惊叹”可知应填形容词amazed，作表语。故选B。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.SandhyaSriramisimpatient.Thestem-cell(干细胞)scientistwantedtoputherknowledgetouse,developingcultivatedseafood.YetnoonewasdoingthatinSingapore.Sofouryearsago,shesetupacompanytocreatelab-growncrustacean(甲壳纲动物)meat.___41___,sheregisteredhercompany,ShiokMeatsinAugust2018.“Nobodywasdoingcrustaceans,”saysSriram,Shiok’sGroupCEOandco-founder.“WhatdoAsianseatthemost?Seafood.Itwasasimpleanswer.Andthey’resodelicious.”Alifelong___42___,shehadnevertriedrealshrimp,butshesampledittheweeksheregisteredthecompany.Today,theresultsofher___43___canbeseenattheheadquartersofhercompany.Duringafall2022visit,abio-processengineerlookedintoamicroscopecarefully.Hehadtakensamplesfromabioreactorintheroomnextdoor,wherethecompanyis___44___crustaceancells.Underthelens,hewascheckingtoseeifthecellswerereadytoharvest.ShiokMeatshasalreadyrevealedshrimp,lobster,andcrabprototypes(最初形态)toaselectgroupoftasters,anditplansto___45___regulatoryapprovaltosellitslab-grownshrimpbyApril2023.Thatcouldmakeitthefirstintheworldtobringcultivatedshrimptodiners,puttingitattheleadingpositionofthecultivated-meat___46___.Asofthiswriting,onlyonecompanyhasgainedregulatoryapprovaltoselllab-grownanimal-proteinproducts:EatJus’sculturedchickenis___47___butonlyinSingapore.ShiokMeatsstillneedstosubmitallthepaperworknecessaryandgetregulatoryapproval,butthecompanyhopestoseeitsproductsinrestaurantsbymid-2024,offeringfoodiesamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyoptionfreeof___48___thancrustaceansfromfarms.Butevenifthatambitious___49___ismet,itwilllikelybeawhilebeforetheaveragepersoniseatingcultivatedcrustaceans.Itwillrequirenotjustregulatoryapprovalbutalsomorefundingandabiggerfactory,alongwith___50___consumersandgovernmentsaroundtheworldtoacceptlab-grownseafood.“We’reataninterestingstageofastartup;it’scalledtheValleyofDeath,”saysSriram.“Weareinthespacewherewehaven’tsubmittedforregulatoryapprovalyet,butwe’relookingtocommercializeinthenexttwoyears.”Nevertheless,theimpatiententrepreneuris___51___.Sriramhopestohavethecompany’snextmanufacturingplantreadybytheendof2023,wherea500-literanda2,000-literbioreactorwillbeamajor___52___fromitscurrent50-and200-literbioreactors.ThegoalisforherproductstoenterthemainstreaminSingaporeinfivetosevenyears.___53___theseproductscouldhelptacklesomeoftheenvironmentalimpactsofcrustaceanproduction.Organicwaste,chemicals,andantibioticsfromseafoodfarmscanpollutegroundwater.ShiokMeatssaysthewayitproducescrustaceanmeatminimizesanimalcruelty,asgrowingproteininalabhelpsavoid___54___animals.Andcultivatingshrimpclosertowhereit’s___55___cutsemissionsfromfishing-boatfuelandshippingproductsaroundtheworld.Inaword,whensciencemeetsseafood,manywonderfulthingshappennaturally.41.A.Eagerly B.Hurriedly C.Incidentally D.Interestingly42.A.dieter B.foodie C.taster D.vegetarian43.A.discipline B.enthusiasm C.discovery D.mindset44.A.growing B.investigating C.increasing D.targeting45.A.accept B.adopt C.grant D.seek46.A.farm B.race C.section D.line47.A.available B.affordable C.competitive D.profitable48.A.additive B.cruelty C.meat D.salt49.A.guideline B.transformation C.condition D.timeline50.A.demanding B.directing C.persuading D.training51.A.delightful B.insightful C.open-minded D.optimistic52.A.difference B.emergence C.sacrifice D.leap53.A.Tracking B.Supervising C.Popularizing D.Sampling54.A.feeding B.killing C.mistreating D.trapping55.A.captured B.stranded C.consumed D.produced【答案】41.A42.D43.B44.A45.D46.B47.A48.B49.D50.C51.D52.D53.C54.B55.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了企业家SandhyaSriram把知识用于开发养殖海鲜，成立了一家公司，生产实验室培育的甲壳类动物肉。【41题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：2018年8月，她急切地注册了自己的公司ShiokMeats。A.Eagerly急切地；B.Hurriedly急忙；C.Incidentally偶然地；D.Interestingly有趣地。根据上文“SandhyaSriramisimpatient.(SandhyaSriram没有耐心)”可知，指她急切地注册了自己的公司ShiokMeats。故选A。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她一生都是素食主义者，从来没有吃过真正的虾，但在她注册公司的那一周，她尝了一口。A.dieter节食者；B.foodie美食家；C.taster试味员；D.vegetarian素食者。根据后文“shehadnevertriedrealshrimp”推测她是素食主义者。故选D。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，她的“热情”的结果可以在她的公司总部看到。A.discipline纪律；B.enthusiasm热情；C.discovery发现；D.mindset观念。根据上文“WhatdoAsianseatthemost?Seafood.Itwasasimpleanswer.Andthey’resodelicious.(亚洲人最得吃多的什么？海鲜。答案很简单。它们太好吃了。)”此处指她对于海鲜的热情。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从隔壁房间的生物反应器中提取了样本，该公司正在那里培养甲壳类动物细胞。A.growing生长；B.investigating调查；C.increasing增加；D.targeting把……作为目标。根据上文“Hehadtakensamplesfromabioreactorintheroomnextdoor”指公司在生物反应器中培养甲壳类动物细胞。故选A。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：ShiokMeats已经向一组精选的品尝者展示了虾、龙虾和螃蟹的原型，并计划在2023年4月之前寻求监管部门的批准，出售实验室培育的虾。A.accept接受；B.adopt采取；C.grant给予；D.seek寻找。根据后文“regulatoryapprovaltosellitslab-grownshrimp”指寻求监管部门的批准，出售实验室培育的虾。故选D。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能使它成为世界上第一家将养殖虾送到食客面前的公司，使其在养殖肉竞赛中处于领先地位。A.farm农场；B.race比赛；C.section部分；D.line线条。根据上文“puttingitattheleadingpositionofthecultivated-meat”可知，这家公司成为世界上第一家将养殖虾送到食客面前的公司，使其在养殖肉竞赛中处于领先地位。故选B。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在撰写本文时，只有一家公司获得了监管部门的批准，可以销售实验室培育的动物蛋白产品：EatJus的养殖鸡，但只在新加坡销售。A.available可获得的；B.affordable便宜的；C.competitive竞争的；D.profitable盈利的。根据后文“butonlyinSingapore”可知，这家公司可以销售实验室培育的动物蛋白产品：EatJus的养殖鸡，但只在新加坡销售。故选A。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：ShiokMeats仍需提交所有必要的文件并获得监管部门的批准，但该公司希望在2024年年中看到其产品进入餐馆，为美食家提供比农场甲壳类动物更环保、更无公害的选择。A.additive添加剂；B.cruelty残酷；C.meat肉；D.salt盐。根据上文“offeringfoodiesamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyoptionfreeof”指该公司希望在2024年年中看到其产品进入餐馆，为美食家提供比农场甲壳类动物更环保、更无公害的选择。短语freeofcruelty表示“无公害。”故选B。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但即使这个雄心勃勃的时间表得以实现，普通人吃到人工养殖的甲壳类动物可能还需要一段时间。A.guideline指导方针；B.transformation变化；C.condition条件；D.timeline时间轴。对应上文“seeitsproductsinrestaurantsbymid-2024”指在2024年让这种产品进入餐厅的时间表，故选D。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅需要监管部门的批准，还需要更多的资金和更大的工厂，还要说服世界各地的消费者和政府接受实验室种植的海鲜。A.demanding要求；B.directing指导；C.persuading说服；D.training训练。根据后文“consumersandgovernmentsaroundtheworldtoacceptlab-grownseafood”指说服世界各地的消费者和政府接受实验室种植的海鲜。故选C。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位不耐烦的企业家是乐观的。A.delightful令人高兴的；B.insightful富有洞察力的；C.open-minded虚心的；D.optimistic乐观的。根据上文““We’reataninterestingstageofastartup;it’scalledtheValleyofDeath,”saysSriram.“Weareinthespacewherewehaven’tsubmittedforregulatoryapprovalyet,butwe’relookingtocommercializeinthenexttwoyears.”(“我们正处于创业的一个有趣阶段；它被称为死亡之谷，”斯里拉姆说。“我们目前所处的领域还没有提交监管机构的批准，但我们希望在未来两年内实现商业化。”)”以及however表示转折，说明这位企业家的心态是乐观的。故选D。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯利拉姆希望在2023年底之前建成公司的下一个制造工厂，届时500升和2000升的生物反应器将是目前50升和200升生物反应器的重大飞跃。A.difference差异；B.emergence出现；C.sacrifice牺牲；D.leap跳跃。根据后文“fromitscurrent50-and200-literbioreactors”指500升和2000升的生物反应器将是目前50升和200升生物反应器的重大飞跃。故选D。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：推广这些产品可以帮助解决甲壳类动物生产对环境的一些影响。A.Tracking追踪；B.Supervising监督；C.Popularizing普及；D.Sampling取样。根据后文“theseproductscouldhelptacklesomeoftheenvironmentalimpactsofcrustaceanproduction”此处指推广这些产品可以帮助解决甲壳类动物生产对环境的一些影响。故选C。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：ShiokMeats表示，他们生产甲壳类动物肉的方式最大限度地减少了对动物的虐待，因为在实验室里培育蛋白质有助于避免动物死亡。A.feeding喂养；B.killing杀死；C.mistreating虐待；D.trapping困住。根据上文“growingproteininalabhelpsavoid”可知，蛋白质是实验室培育的，所以避免了杀死动物。故选B。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在离虾的消费地更近的地方养殖虾可以减少渔船燃料和世界各地运输产品的排放。A.captured捕捉；B.stranded搁浅；C.consumed消耗；D.produced产生。根据后文“cutsemissionsfromfishing-boatfuelandshippingproductsaroundtheworld”可知，减少渔船燃料和世界各地运输产品的排放是因为离虾的消费地更近。故选C。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AThereisnoknowndateforwhentheancientGreeksorRomansfirstsharedtheirstoriesaboutgods,monstersandheroes.ButforthemodernmythknownasStarWars,thatdateisMay25,1977,whentheoriginalmovieopenedintheatersandkickedoffaglobalphenomenonthatspannedfilms,TVshows,novels,comicbooks,toys,lunchboxes,bedsheetsandmore.Eventoday,StarWarsremainsanenduringtouchstone(检验标准)ofpopculture.Criticallypraisedornot,themoviescontinuetobeabighit.Andjustasweknowwhenthemythologybegan,wealsoknowwhoinventedit:writer-directorGeorgeLucas.Hisinspiration,hetoldTIMEin1977,was“allthebooksandfilmsandcomicsthatIlikedwhenIwasachild…Mymainreasonformakingitwastogiveyoungpeopleanhonest,wholesomefantasylife,thekindmygenerationhad.”NoonecouldpredictjusthowmuchLucas’creationwouldcatchon—notevenLucashimselforthefilm’sstarMarkHamill,whoplayedyoungheroLukeSk