2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit3

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit32016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit32016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit3xxx公司2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit3文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度Unit3FriendshipandLoyalty

I.NewwordsandexpressionsNewwords1.reflectionn.（关于某主题的）思考，回忆

2.loyaltyn.忠诚；忠实；忠心耿耿

3.recognizev.承认；意识到

4.betrayv.辜负；对…不忠

5.indeedadv.其实；实际上

6.virtue

n.高尚的道德；正直的品性；德行

7.trendn.趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向

8.befriendv.做（尤指需要帮助者的）朋友；友善相待

9.requestv.（礼貌或正式地）请求，要求

10.trendyadj.时髦的；赶时髦的

11.multituden.众多；大量

12.mutual

adj.共有的；共同的

mutualrespect/understanding

辨析：mutual/manual/manure/mature/menu/mental

13.termn.词语；术语：措辞

14.siten.网站；站点

15.acronymn.首字母缩略词

16.perishv.丧失；湮灭；毁灭

17.thoughtn.想法；看法；主意；记忆

18.gossipn.流言蜚语

19.challengev.考查…的能力；考验…的技巧

20.akinadj.相似的；类似的

21.depositn.存款

22.account

n.账户

accountant

currentaccount

depositaccount

23.interestn.利息

24.well-beingn.健康；安乐；康乐

25.welfaren.（个体或群体的）幸福，安全与健康

26.essencen.本质；实质；精髓

27.seekv.寻找

28.notoriety

n.恶名；坏名声

notorious相当于infamous

29.premisen.前提；假定；

30.exploitv.利用（…为自己谋利）

31.reconnectv.再联系；再联络

32.virtualadj.（通过计算机软件，如在因特网上）模拟的，虚拟的

33.assure

v.使确信；向…保证

assuresb.ofsth.

assuresb.that…

34.cautionn.警告；告诫

35.lyricn.歌词

36.undisputedadj.不容置疑的；毫无疑问的；不可争辩的

37.generation

n.（统称）一代人，同代人，同辈人

generationgap

fourgenerationslivingunderthesameroofPhrasesandExpressions1.stickby坚持忠于；不离不弃（某人）

2.throughthickandthin

不畏艰难险阻

gothroughthickandthin

3.leadto导致，造成（后果）

4.amultitudeof众多的；大量的

5.perishthethought甭想了；但愿不会如此

6.engagein（使）从事，参加

7.inessence本质上

8.assure…of…使放心；向…保证

9.payattentionto注意

10.warn…of…警告某人某事II.TextLearningReflections:Friendshipandloyalty①Howmanyofusrecognizetrueloyaltyinafriend

Loyalty

consistsof（参考Unit1，TextA）afriend,whowillstickbyyou,throughthickandthin.Afriendwhoisalwayshonestwithyouandneverbetraysthefriendshipwithliesisaloyalfriend.

Ifyouhavealoyalfriend,youhaveindeedfoundatruevirtueinthatfriend.（承上句）

②Thecurrent

trend

ontheinternetisbefriendinganyonewhorequeststobeyourfriend.However,thisnewtrendmay

leadto

disasters.（承上句）Itmaybepopularandtrendytohaveanetworkfilledwithamultitudeofmutualfriends.However,onetrueloyalfriendmaybetheonlyfriendyouneed.

③AtermusedonthepopularFacebooksiteis

B.F.F.

Thisacronymmeans

bestfriendsforever.Aretheyreallyyourbestfriendsforever

Youmightaskyourselfthisquestion,"WilltheysharemyprivatematterswithothersonthepagesofFacebook,or

perishthethought,engageingossipaboutmewithothers"

(1)Iftheanswertothatis,"Idon'tknow",

morethanlikely,theywillnotbeyourbestfriendsforever.

Maybenot,evenforaday.

本部分重点及难点：1.Iftheanswertothatis,"Idon'tknow",

morethanlikely（很有可能）,theywillnotbeyourbestfriendsforever.

morethanlikely:verylikely

morethanhappy:veryhappy

morethanpleased:verypleased请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】6.Heis_______willingtoshallhishappinesswithus.A．moreB．morethanC．enoughD．too【答案】B

【解析】本题考查morethan+adj.。"morethan"后接形容词相当于"very+形容词"，本句中morethanwilling意为"非常乐意"。句子的意思是"他非常乐意同我们分享他的幸福。"注意D选项：too…to…意为"太……以至于不能……"意思不符。

【知识点】morethan+adj④Ichoosetohavea

B.L.F.,

abestloyalfriend,forthoseofyouwhomaybechallengedbytheuseofacronymsduringthisageoftechnologyandfast-talking.

⑤(2)Loyaltyfoundinafriendis

akintomakingadeposit

inabankaccount.

Moreoftenthannot,yourdeposits

gaininternet,aninternetinyour

well-being

andwelfare.Aloyalfriendattractsanotherloyalfriend.(3)Inessence,waterdoesseekitsownlevel.（承上、总结的句子）

⑥(4)IfyouwereaB.L.F.

waybefore

Facebookgainednotoriety,thenI'msureyouunderstandthepremiseofloyaltyinafriend.

YoushouldneverexploityourB.L.F.togainmorefriendsormakeyourselfseemmoreimportanttoothers.

Thesearenotthetraitsofabestloyalfriend.（承上句）

⑦Abestloyalfrienddoesnotcarewhoisinvitedtoyourparty.Theywillattendyourpartyandcelebrateyou,justinthewayabestloyalfriendshoulddo.

⑧ReconnectingwithabestloyalfriendiseasiertodoonthepagesofFacebook.However,avirtualfriend

doesnotassureyouofhisloyalty.Mycautiontoyouisthatyou'dbetterpayattentiontothesmilingfacesontheFacebookpages.Intheeightieswewerewarnedofsmilingfacesinasong,whichcontainedtheselyrics,"Asmileisjustafrownturnedupsidedown,myfriend."Now,thatisthe

undisputedtruth

formygeneration.

本部分重点及难点：2.Loyaltyfoundinafriendis

akintomakingadeposit

inabankaccount.

(1)akinto:similarto

(2)makeadepositinabankaccount往银行账户存款

makewithdrawalsfromabankaccount

3.Inessence,waterdoesseekitsownlevel.本质上，水自然会向下流--朋友间总是惺惺相惜。

4.IfyouwereaB.L.F.

waybefore

Facebookgainednotoriety,thenI'msureyouunderstandthepriiseofloyaltyinafriend.

way（与介词或副词连用，加强程度）veryfar很远

如：Shefinishedtheracewayaheadoftheotherrunners.她第一个跑到终点，远远领先于其他选手。

Theshotwaswayofftarget.这次射的远离目标。

Thepriceiswayabovewhatwecanafford.价格高得我们绝对付不起。

wayback:alongtimeago很久以前

Ifirstmethimwayback.我和他初次见面时很久以前的事了。III.部分练习讲解P149BridgingtheGapDirections:Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.

解题方法：把词分类while(连词)

share(动词/名词)

on（介词）unique（形容词）

whatever（连接词）

that（关系代词/指示代词/连接词）opposites（名词）acoupleof（数词）personalities（名词）wisely（副词）Inthedailydramaandcomedyofourlife,it'snicetohavefriends.

___1

While___

familyisextremelyimportant,friendsareadifferentsupportsystemofyourchoosing.

Asthesayinggoes,youcan'tchooseyourfamily,butyoucanchooseyourfriends."Choosingthem___2

wisely___

canmakeyourlifemoreexcitingandinspiring.

Decidingwhomyouchooseasyourfriendssaysasmuchaboutyouasitdoesthem.Youmaychooseyourfriendsbased

___3

on___

similarinterests.Youmaychoosethembecauseyou'rebothpolar

___4

opposites___

ofeachotherandfindthisinterestingandintriguing.Often,friendsbecome"friends"becausetheynaturallygravitate（被吸引）towardseachotherbecauseofsimilar

___5

personalities___

andtemperaments.Sometimesit'sjustcircumstances

___6

that___

bringtwoindividualstogetherwhothenbecomefriends.

___7

Whatever___

promptsafriendship,developingoneisaveryrewardingexperience.Thisisespeciallytruewhen,beforeyouknowit,acertainfriendshipturnsintoa

___8unique___

lifelongclosefriendship.Again,it'sbeensaidthatapersonnormallyhasonly___9

acoupleof___

veryclosefriendsintheirlife.Thinkofwhomyoudeemastrulyclosefriends.Thesearethoseselectindividualsyoucanconfidein（信赖，吐露秘密）and___10

share___

deepthoughtsandconcernswith,withoutanyreservations.I.NewwordsandexpressionsNewwords1.tributen.（尤指对死者的）致敬；悼念；吊唁礼物

2.rear

v.抚养；养育；培养

比较：rear/rare

3.ungrateful

adj.不领情的；忘恩负义的

比较：ungrateful/disgraceful

4.traitorn.背叛者；叛徒；卖国贼

5.faithn.信任；相信；信心

6.reputationn.名誉；名声

7.proneadj.易于发生某事的；很可能…的

8.malice

n.恶意；怨恨

malicious

9.settlev.把…放好；安放

10.absoluteadj.肯定的；无疑的；明确的

11.unselfish

adj.无私的；忘我的；不谋私利的

selfless

12.selfishadj.自私的

13.desert

v.抛弃，离弃，遗弃（某人）

dessert

14.treacherousadj.不可信任的；背叛的；奸诈的

15.prosperity

n.兴旺；繁荣；成功；昌盛

prosperv.

prosperousadj.

16.poverty

n.贫穷；贫困

poor

poverty-stricken

conscience-stricken

grief-stricken

panic-stricken

17.sicknessn.疾病；不健康

18.wintry

adj.冬天的；寒冷的

19.fiercelyadv.猛烈地

20.lickv.舔

21.sore

n.痛处；伤处；疮

22.woundn.（心灵上的）伤，创伤

23.roughnessn.艰辛；艰难

24.guard

n./v.警卫；守卫；保卫

securityguard

lifeguard

bodyguard

blackguard

25.pauper

n.穷人；贫民；乞丐

26.constantadj.不变的；固定的；恒定的

27.journeyn.（尤指长途）旅行，行程

28.heavenn.(theheavens[pl.]天空

29.outcastn.被抛弃者；被排斥者

30.friendless

adj.没有朋友的

31.homelessadj.无家的

32.faithfuladj.忠实的；忠诚的

33.privilegen.特殊利益；优惠待遇

34.accompany

v.陪同；陪伴

accompanysb.totheairport

accompanysb.onthepiano

35.scenen.事件；场面；情景

36.embracen.拥抱

37.pursue

v.追求；致力于

pursuit

inhotpursuitofsb./sth.

inpursuitofthesun

38.pawn.（动物的）爪

39.alertadj.警觉的；警惕的；戒备的

40.watchfulnessn.警惕PhrasesandExpressions1.turnagainst

背叛

2.beproneto易于

3.standby支持；帮助；忠于

4.takewings

飞走

5.falltopieces

崩溃；倒塌；解体II.TextLearningATributetotheDog1

Thebestfriendamanhasinthisworldmayturnagainsthimandbecomehisenemy.（主题句）Hissonordaughterwhomhehasrearedwithlovingcaremayproveungrateful.(1)Thosewhoarenearestanddearesttous,thosewhomwe

trustwith

ourhappinessandour

goodname,maybecometraitorstotheirfaith.

2Themoneythatamanhashemaylose.

Itfliesawayfromhim,perhapswhenheneedsitmost.（承上句）(2)Aman'sreputationmaybesacrificedinamomentof

ill-consideredaction.

(3)Thepeoplewhoarepronetofallontheirkneestodoushonorwhensuccessiswithusmaybethefirsttothrowthestoneofmalicewhenfailuresettlesitsclouduponourheads.

Theoneabsolute,unselfishfriendamanmayhaveinthisselfishworld,theonethatneverdesertshim,theonethatneverprovesungratefulortreacherous,ishisdog.

本部分重点及难点：1.Thosewhoarenearestanddearesttous,thosewhomwe

trustwith

ourhappinessandourgoodname,maybecometraitorstotheirfaith

(1)…thosewhomwe

trustwith

ourhappinessandourgoodname，定语从句中whom是trust的宾语，即trustwhomwithourhappinessandourgoodname我们把自己的幸福和名誉都寄托在他们身上

(2)trustsb.withsth.信得过，托付，寄托

I'dtrusthimwithmylife.我把命交给他都放心。

1.Aman'sreputationmaybesacrificedinamomentof

ill-considered（欠考虑的，考虑不周的）action.

ill-considered欠考虑的（结合Unit1讲过的ill-informed）

ill-humored/good-humored

ill-bred/well-bred

ill-intentioned/well-intentioned

ill-informed/well-informed

3.Thepeoplewho

arepronetofallontheirknees

to

doushonor

whensuccessiswithusmaybethefirsttothrowthestoneofmalicewhenfailuresettlesitsclouduponourheads.

(1)bepronetodosth.容易，倾向于

(2)fallonone'sknees下跪

(3)dosb.honor向某人表示敬意

(4)译文：当我们功成名就，一些人卑躬屈膝极力讨好；当失败的阴云笼罩在我们的头顶，那些人又可能最先对我们落井下石。3

Aman'sdog

standsby

himinprosperityandinpoverty,inhealthandinsickness.

（主题句）Hewillsleeponthecoldgroundwhenthewintrywindsblowandthesnowdrivesfiercely,ifonlyhecanbenearhismaster'sside.Hewillkissthehandthathasnofoodtooffer.Hewilllickthesoresandwoundsthatcomeintheencounterwiththe

roughnessoftheworld.

Heguardsthesleepofhispaupermasterasifhewereaprince.（承上、总结的句子）

4Whenallotherfriendsdesert,heremains.(4)Whenrichestakewingsandreputationfallstopieces,heisasconstantinhisloveasthesuninitsjourneyth