备战2024年高考英语一轮复习易错题03形容词和副词含解析

专题03形容词和副词易错题【01】混淆去掉最终一个字母e的场合易错题【02】形容词和副词的比较级的常用句型01混淆去掉最终一个字母e的场合（2024年全国Ⅰ，语法填空，1.5分）Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis___________(extreme)challenging.【警示】本题简单出错的主要缘由是混淆去掉最终一个字母e的场合。【问诊】形容词变副词，绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍旧干脆加-ly例如：wise-

wisely;polite-politely;absolute-absolutely;complete-completely;entire-entirely【答案】extremely【嘱咐】形容词变副词的规则：在形容词词尾干脆加-ly。如:real-really;helpful-helpfully;careful-carefully;hopeful-hopefully;slow-slowly;quick-quickly;quiet-quietlypolite-politely,wide-widely以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily;angry-angrily;easy-easily;happy-happily;heavy-heavily;noisy----noisily;healthy----healthily;3以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y。如:true-truly；4.以le结尾的形容词，去e加y变成副词。如:terrible-terribly;gentle-gently;possible-possibly;probable—probably;responsible—responsibly;comfortable-comfortably;gentle----gently;simple----simply5.另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来。如:loud(adj.)-aloud(adv.)1.(2024·全国Ⅲ卷)Asthesmallboatmoved________(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.【答案】gently【解析】句意：当小船在河上轻轻移动的时候，他被在水中静静地倒映着的山峦惊得说不出话来。此处修饰动词move，用副词形式。2.(2024·全国Ⅱ卷)Heryearsofhardworkhave______(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominatedhertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.【答案】finally【解析】句意：她多年的努力工作最终被认可，之后一名顾客提名她为柴郡的年度女性。havebeenacknowledged是谓语，用副词作状语修饰。故填finally。02形容词和副词的比较级的常用句型（2024年新课标全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空，1.5分）Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters,moreso_____thefamiliarnearside.【警示】本题简单出错的主要缘由是固定搭配记忆不牢。【问诊】句意：科学家们对月球的远侧特殊感爱好，因为它有许多深的陨石坑，更常见的是近处。【答案】than【嘱咐】常用句型1比较级+and+比较级“越来越…”Myhometownisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.2the+比较级,the+比较级“越…,越…”TheolderIget,thehappierIfeel.3“比较级+than+anyother+单数名词”可替换最高级Tomrunsfasterthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=Tomrunsfastestinhisclass.4“比较级+than+alltheother+复数名词”可替换最高级Sheismorebeautifulthanalltheothergirlsinourschool.=Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlinourschool.5“否定词+比较级+than+其他”替换最高级Nothingismorevaluablethanhealthforus.=Healthisthemostvaluableforus.6“否定词+as/so+原级+as”替换最高级Nostudentisas/sodiligentasJiminourclass.=Jimisthemostdiligentstudentinourclass.7“the+形容词比较级+of…”两者中较….的一个Heisthetallerofthetwobrothers.8.MorethanHeismorethanafriendtome.9.LessthanThelightestweighslessthan50kilograms.10.nomorethanHisentireschooleducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear.11.NotmorethanHehasnotmorethantwentyyuaninhispocket.12.Beseniorto/bejuniorto/besuperiorto/beinferiortoIamfiveyearssenior/juniortoJane.Thiscomputerissuperiortotheoneyoubought.Thisphotoisinferiortothatone.13oneof形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的状语Shanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinourcountry.14序数词+形容词最高级+名词Africaisthesecondlargestcontinentintheworld.15倍数+as+形容词/副词+as倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than倍数+the+名词（height/length/depth/size）of倍数+what从句The+名词+be+倍数+that/thoseofAsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.Theproductionnowisthreetimeswhatitwastenyearsago.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.【答案】worse【解析】考查比较级。短语Evenworse意为"更糟糕的是"，表示意义的递进。故用worse。2.Itwas(consider)ofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.【答案】considerate【解析】句意：Michael通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担忧，想得真周到。本句运用了Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todosth.这一结构。故此处要用形容词，应填considerate"考虑周到的"。错(2024江苏,34)Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel,themanageris

(reluctance)toinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.(2024江苏,28)Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople

(flexibility)optionstoexercise.(2024全国I)However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.(2024全国II)TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost70(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.(2024江苏)OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs’death,smart\|phonesdefeated（convention）PCsinsales.(2024江苏)Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.But（alternate）explanationsarehardtofind.(2024浙江)Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda57(shine)object.(2024（全国I）)ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.(2024（全国II）)Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,whichisontherooftopoftheirhouse.(2024（全国III）)Ienjoyedstudyingdifferentkindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.(2024（全国III）)Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatestmusicalbums.(2024（全国III）)Itis50(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon’twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan’tmodelanymore."(2024（全国II）)...itmusthavebeen66(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.(2024（全国I）)Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.(2024（全国II）)Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.(2024（全国II)）Beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationfromtheInternet.(2024（全国I）)Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.(2024浙江)Sixteenyears60(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring61tocookameal.（2024·浙江）IhavealwaysenjoyedalltheeventsyouorganizedandIhopetoattend_________(many)moreinthecomingyears.（2024·福建）Itwas(consider)ofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.（2024·安徽）I’mso(gratitude)toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.（2024·湖北）Eventhoughtheconferencehallisnearhisapartment,hehastohurryalittleifhewantstobe(punctuality).（2024·浙江）Listeningisthusanactive,nota(passivity),behaviorconsistingofhearing,understandingandremembering.（2024·新课标全国Ⅱ）Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,(and)someofthemlookedveryanxiousand(disappoint).（2024·辽宁）Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecome(pain).（2024·湖北）Whatwasso(impress)aboutJasmineWestland’svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbare-footed.（2024·湖北）Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima________________(tolerance)smileandlethimgo.（2024·安徽）Mygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftme(optimism)aboutmyfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere.（2013·湖北）Peoplecomplainthatdecisionstoapproveordenyapermitareoften____________(arbitrarily)ratherthanbasedonfixedcriteria.（2013·湖北）Hedidn’tselfishlykeepforhimselfthemoneyinheritedfromhisuncle.Instead,hemadea(generously)contributiontohelpthecommunity.（2013·福建）TheForbiddenCityattractsa(constantly)streamofvisitorseveryday,especiallyduringnationalholidays.（2013·安徽）Davidis(allergy)toanimalfur,sohewon’tvisitanyonewhohascatsordogsinthehouse.（2012·山东）Be(reason)—youcan’texpectmetofinishallthisworkinsolittletime.（2012·天津）Thesecretaryarrangeda(n)(convenience)timeandplacefortheapplicantstohaveaninterview.（2024·全国Ⅲ)改错）Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn’tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.（2024·新课标全国Ⅰ改错）Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.（2024·新课标全国Ⅰ改错）Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.（2024·新课标全国Ⅰ改错）Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.（2024·新课标全国Ⅰ改错）Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.（2024·新课标全国Ⅱ改错）Wedidn’tneedtodosomanyhomework.（2024·新课标全国Ⅱ改错）Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.（2024·（全国Ⅰ））Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe________________(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.（2024·（全国Ⅱ））Recentstudies(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks(regular).（2024·(全国Ⅲ)）Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich______________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.（2024·浙江）Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience,（especial）ifyouaretravellingathighspeed.（2024·四川）Chinesescientists(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.（2024·新课标全国Ⅰ）Afewhours,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with(its)(it)chokingsmog.（2024·新课标全国Ⅱ）Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.（2024·安徽）Theygavemoneytotheoldpeople’shomeeither(personal)orthroughtheircompanies.（2024·新课标全国Ⅰ）Theriverwassopollutedthatit(actual)caughtfireandburned.（2024·浙江）Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers(blind).（2024·湖北）HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaid(sharp),"Don’tbesomean,"pointingafingerofwarningather.（2024·江西）Thanksforyourdirectionstothehouse;wewouldn’thavefoundit.（2013·湖北）Don’tdefendhimanymore.It’sobviousthathe(deliberate)destroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapology.（2013·福建）Thosepoorandneedyteenagerswereexcitedtofindashopatthecornerwheretheycouldbuy(afford)pricedbikes.（2013·浙江）Ifweleaverightaway,(hopeful)we’llarriveontime.（2012·湖北）"PerhapsweneedtosendforDr.Smithtoseewhatwecandoaboutit,"Fathersuggested(tentative)tohisneighborwhohadcometodiscusstheproblem.（2012·辽宁）Weusedtoseeeachother(regular),butIhaven’theardfromhimsincelastyear.（2012·福建）Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbe(equal)respected.（2024·（全国Ⅰ）改错）Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.（2024·(全国Ⅲ)改错）However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinksuch.（2024·新课标全国Ⅱ改错）DadandIwereterribleworried.（2024·新课标全国Ⅰ改错）Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpofourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.（2024·新课标全国Ⅰ改错）Asaresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.（2024·（全国Ⅱ））Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof(great)andlessimportance.（2024·四川）Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itis(good)hehasevergot.（2024·新课标全国Ⅰ）Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris___________________(clean)thanever.Raymond’sparentswantedhimtohave(good)possibleeducation.（2013·新课标全国Ⅱ）Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforea(good)oneisputforward,we’llmakedowithit.（2013·天津）IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime—thereare_____________(meaningful)thingstodo.（2013·辽宁）Thisisbyfar(inspiring)moviethatIhaveeverseen.（2012·新课标全国）Theresultisnotveryimportanttous,butifwedowin,thensomuchthe________________(good).（2012·上海春）Aftertheaccident,weare(concerned)withthesafetyofschoolbusesthanweusedtobe.（2012·北京）Manypeoplehavedonatedthattypeofblood;however,thebloodbankneeds_______________(much).（2024·(全国Ⅲ)改错）Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.（2024·四川改错）ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom’sfavoritiest.（2013·浙江改错）Tomakemattersbad,nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister,Maggie.（2013·安徽）It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwicelargeaswhatitwas.（2013·江西改错）Thereareasmallnumberofpeopleinvolved,possiblyaslittleastwenty.答案：reluctant句意:尽管这家宾馆的服务质量很糟糕,但是宾馆经理还是不情愿在给员工足够的培训方面投资。考查形容词。设空处作表语,依据提示词可知本空填reluctant。答案flexible句意:不同于传统健身房,应用程序支持的健身房给人们供应了敏捷的健身选择。设空处在句中作定语,修饰名词options,故填形容词。flexible敏捷的;易弯曲的;有弹性的。careful考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful"当心的"构成系表结构。successful考查词性转换。依据语境并结合空前的themost可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。句意：仅仅在史蒂夫·乔布斯去世五年后，智能手机在销量方面击败了传统的个人电脑。conventional"传统的"，符合句意。句意：恐龙的消逝未必就是由天文事务引起的，但是很难找到其他的说明。alternative"可替代的，另外的"符合句意。5.shiny/shining考查形容词。依据上文的"a"及下文的名词"object"可知，此处须要用形容词作定语修饰名词，故填shiny或shining。suddenly改为sudden。考查形容词。该句中的名词stop应用形容词修饰，所以把suddenly改为sudden。interesting改为interested。考查形容词。因为是描述主语they的心理状态，所以运用interested"对……感爱好的"。late改为latest。考查形近词辨析。结合句意，这里表示收集最新的音乐专辑，故将late改为latest。difference改为different。考查形容词。名词kinds前须要形容词来修饰，因此把名词difference改为形容词different。certainly考查副词。此处fun是名词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。【学问拓展】考查形容词与副词时，除了要考虑词性相互转换，还要考虑形容词与副词的反义词。比如括号里给出fortunate一词，须要改为副词形式fortunately，同时还要结合句意来推断，是否要改为unfortunately。fairly考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant，故在其前填fairly。late改为later。考查副词。late意为"迟，晚"。"一段时间+later"表示"一段时间之后"，故把late改为later。earlier改为early。考查副词。此处没有比较的含义，所以用early的原级。Beside改为Besides。考查副词。beside意为"在……旁"，而besides意为"此外"。worse考查比较级。短语Evenworse意为"更糟糕的是"，表示意义的递进。故用worse。earlier考查副词的比较级。此处表示"16年前"，故填earlier"……之前，从前"。many句意：我始终都很宠爱你组织的全部活动，我也希望能在将来的几年参与更多这样的活动。依据句意可知，此处表示"更多的活动"，故填many,此处manymore相当于manymoreevents。considerate句意：Michael通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担忧，想得真周到。本句运用了Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todosth.这一结构。故此处要用形容词，应填considerate"考虑周到的"。grateful句意：我特别感谢全部的那些志愿者，因为他们的帮助让我糟糕的一天有了个欢乐的结局。此处要用形容词，故填grateful"感谢的"。punctual句意：虽然会议大厅在他的公寓旁边，但是假如他想准时（赶到），他必需得抓紧点。依据句意可知，这里应用punctual表示"准时的"。passive句意：因此，听力是一种主动主动的，而非消极被动的行为，它包含听到、领悟和记住。passive意为"被动的，消极的"。由"Listeningis...not..."可知前后是相对的。.disappointedlookdisappointed是系表结构，表示"看起来悲观"。painful考查形容词。句中动词become是系动词，其后接形容词作表语。impressive句意：JasmineWestland的成功给人印象如此深刻的一点就是，她光着脚跑马拉松赛并且夺得了第一名。impressive"给人深刻印象的"，符合句意。tolerant句意：她没有指责那个打碎了花瓶的孩子，而是冲着他宽容地一笑，让他走了。tolerant"宽容的，容忍的"，符合句意。optimistic依据performance前的good可知应用optimistic，求职面试中表现好，自然就会对将来持"乐观的"看法。句意：我在求职面试中的良好表现让我对我的将来以及我可以在这里做什么持乐观的看法。arbitrary句意：人们埋怨说，同意颁发许可证或拒绝授予许可证的确定通常是随意的（行为），而不是基于固定的标准。空处与后面的fixedcriteria呼应，故用arbitrary，表示"为所欲为的，随意的"。generous句意：他没有自私地把从他叔叔那里继承的钱自己留着，而是慷慨地捐赠了出去，帮助社区。依据句意可知应用generous，表示"慷慨的，大方的"。constant句意：故宫每天都吸引着川流不息的游客，特殊是在全国性的假日期间。aconstantstreamofvisitors表示"川流不息的游客"。allergicbeallergicto"对……过敏"；依据空格后面的"sohewon'tvisitanyonewhohascatsordogsinthehouse"可知，David对动物皮毛"过敏"。reasonable句意：要讲道理呀，你不能希望我在这么短的时间内完成全部这些工作。reasonable"公允的，合理的，明智的"，符合语境。convenient句意：秘书为申请者支配了便利的时间和地点面试。convenient"便利的，便利的"，符合句意。freely→free考查形容词的句法功能。系动词be后应为形容词作表语。seriously→serious应用形容词serious修饰名词，因此把seriously改为serious。Much→ManyMuch修饰不行数名词，rareanimals为复数形式，因此把Much改为Many。taste→tasty考查形容词。句中的juicy为形容词，因此把taste改为tasty"好吃的"，用形容词作表语。much→many此处表示"圣女果太多了，因此我们常与邻居共享"。many修饰可数名词，much修饰不行数名词。因此把much改为many。many→much考查不行数名词的修饰词。由于homework是不行数名词，故修饰该词应用much，而many修饰可数名词。故把many改为much。helpfully→helpful考查形容词。依据句子结构可知，此处要用形容词作表语。故把helpfully改为helpful。officially考查词性转换。修饰动词应当用副词，所以填officially。regularly考查词性转换。副词修饰谓语动词take，故填regularly"有规律地"。gradually考查副词。应用副词修饰动词。especially句意：急刹车会是特别吓人的经验，特殊是假如你正在高速前行。especially"特殊，尤其"符合语境。recently考查副词。依据句子结构可知，此处用副词作状语。before/earlier考查副词。本句为过去完成时，描述的是作者来阳朔之前的状况，因此填副词before/earlier。slowly考查形容词转化为副词。修饰动词应用副词。personally由句中的"orthroughtheircompanies"可知此处应填所给词的副词形式personally"亲自"。句意：他们或者亲自或者通过公司把钱捐给了敬老院。actually考查词形转换。空格在动词前，故应用副词，本空填actually。blindly句意：教化的目的是教化年轻人自行思索而不是盲从别人。blindly"盲目地，不加思索地"。sharply句意：Sabrina的话音刚落，Albert就冲她伸出一根手指表示警告，并且厉声说，"别那么小气。"sharply"严厉地"符合句意。otherwise句意：感谢你给我们指明方向，否则我们不行能找到这栋房子。otherwise表示"否则"，符合语境。deliberately句意：别再为他辩护了。明显他是有意把花园的栅栏弄坏的，甚至都不致歉。deliberately表示"蓄意，有