专题04 形容词-2023年中考英语总复习真题探究与变式训练（上海专用）（原卷版）

专题04形容词命题方向重要指数考向一形容词用法（掌握点）考向二形容词原级（常考点）考向三形容词比较级（必考点）考向四形容词最高级（必考点）考向一形容词用法例1（2022·上海崇明·模拟预测）（形容词作定语）Duringtheone-hourlesson,Linusedsome________waystoteachushowtoplaytheguitar.A．interest B．interests C．interested D．interesting例2（2022·上海嘉定·九年级期中）（形容词作表语）Julialooked________whenshefinishedherperformanceandsaidthankstotheaudience.A．happily B．quietly C．lovely D．seriously例3（2022·上海虹口·二模）（形容词作宾语补足语）Ourmonitorcameupwithanewideaformakingrailtravel________.A．attract B．attractive C．attraction D．attractively定义：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。形容词的作用，见下表：作用例句定语Youcanseealotofbeautifulflowersinthegarden.表语Yourcoatistoosmall.宾语补足语Theoldwomankeepseverythingcleanandtidy.注意：1.有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone,afraid,asleep等。例如：Don’twakethesleepingbabyup.Heisasleep.Theoldmanisalone.2.形容词用来修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。例如：You’dbettertellussomethinginteresting.Thepolicefoundnothingstrangeintheroom.3.多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词2）数词3）性质4）大小5）形状6）表示老少，新旧7）颜色8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如：Hisgrandpastilllivesinthissmallshorthouse.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。ThewomanboughttwobeautifulChineseplates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。4.形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white(表示人种等)。例如：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.在这个国家，富人从来不帮助穷人。5.else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如：Didyouseeanybodyelse?你看到别的人了吗？【变式1】（2021·上海黄浦·九年级期中）Thesteaksmellsso________thatitshouldbethrownawayatonce.A．bad B．badly C．wonderful D．wonderfully【变式2】（2021·上海市民办新复兴初级中学九年级期中）Theweatherwas_______coldandeverythingseemedtobe_______.A．freezing,frozen B．freezing,freezing C．frozen.frozen D．frozen,freezing【变式3】（2022·上海奉贤·二模）Thebabyfelt_______whilehismotherheldhiminherarms.A．safe B．safely C．safety D．save【变式4】（2022·上海金山·二模）TheSmithsarevery________,theyoftenfeedthehomelesscatsintheirneighbourhood.A．gently B．happily C．friendly D．beautifully【变式5】（2022·上海长宁·二模）Christinewearsareddresstoday.Shelooksas________asaBarbiedoll.A．beautifully B．likely C．lovely D．softly【变式6】（2022·上海·模拟预测）Mysisterhasthreepenfriends.Oneis_________,andtheothertwoare_________.A．Japanese;America B．Russian;GermanyC．Canada;Australian D．English;Frenchmen【变式7】（2022·上海崇明·一模）Jacktalkswithhisclientquitepolitelyonthephone,andhisvoicesounds________too.A．friendly B．softly C．safely D．beautifully【变式8】（2022·上海奉贤·一模）Hegrew________afterwaitingatthegateofthecinemaforalmosthalfanhour.A．patient B．patiently C．impatient D．impatiently【变式9】（2022·上海嘉定·一模）Thefamousplayer,Jeff,looked________andheevenagreedtotakepictureswiththefans.A．happily B．gently C．friendly D．beautifully【变式10】（2022·上海杨浦·一模）Atfirst,thestudentsdidn’tseem________withtheirnewteacher.Nowtheylovehislessons.A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．unhappy考向二形容词原级例1（2022·上海金山·一模）Exercisingintheplaygroundisas________asstudyingintheclassroom.A．important B．moreimportant C．mostimportant D．themostimportant【变式1】（2022·上海·模拟预测）Teenagersshoulduseas________electronicproductsaspossibletoprotecttheireyes.A．little B．few C．fewer D．least【变式2】（2022·上海杨浦·一模）Playingvideogamesisnotas________asexercising.A．good B．better C．best D．thebest【变式3】（2022·上海杨浦·三模）Theradioonlyweighsapoundandis______asacigarettepacket.A．small B．assmall C．sosmall D．smaller【变式4】（2022·上海嘉定·九年级期中）NowadaysCD-ROMorDVD-ROMisn’tas________ascloudstorage.A．popular B．morepopular C．lesspopular D．themostpopular【变式5】（2022·上海青浦·二模）Thefamousattractionsweren’tas________astheyusedtobe.A．crowded B．morecrowded C．mostcrowded D．themostcrowded考向三形容词比较级例1（2022·上海·中考真题）（两者相比较含than）Thisdetectivestoryis_______thantheoneIreadlastnight.A．attractive B．moreattractive C．mostattractive D．themostattractive例2（2022·上海杨浦·二模）（两者相比较语境）Movingtoanewplacemarksaturningpointinmylife.I’mmuch________inmynewschool.A．confident B．moreconfident C．mostconfident D．themostconfident例3（2022·上海·一模）（the+比较级）Themorecarefullywelistentoourteacherinclass,________progresswewillmake.A．thegreatest B．thegreater C．greater D．great例4（2021·上海黄浦·九年级期中）（比较级+than+anyother+n）SuBingtian,astherecordholderinthe100mraceinAsia,runsmorequicklythan________inAsiancountries.A．anyathlete B．anyotherathletes C．otherathletes D．anyotherathlete例5（2021·上海市民办新复兴初级中学九年级期中）（比较级的否定表最高级）—DidyouenjoyyourjourneytoHainan?—Yes,Ihaveneverbeentoa_______placebefore.A．beautiful B．mostbeautiful C．morebeautiful D．lessbeautiful例6（2022·上海青浦·一模）（修饰词）Nowadayswearehavingamuch________lifewiththehelpofsmartphones.A．good B．well C．better D．best1、分类：形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。2、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。a)直接加er,est：b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more/most.3、不规则变化:原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好；(身体)好的,bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的ill(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数)more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多(不可数)；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法(1)讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。基本句型是：主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(very/too/so/quite/rather…)+形容词/副词原级+….如：Heisveryoldnow.(他现在很老了)Theyranquitefast.(它们跑得相当快)Theweatherlooksratherbad.(天气看上去相当糟)Iamsohappy!(我是如此的快乐)☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物)+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+第二个人物+….如：Heisasexcitedashisyoungersister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋)Lilyrodeherbikeasslowlyasanoldlady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢)Theypickedasmanyapplesasthefarmers(did).(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多)☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物)+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+第二个人物+….如：Heisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋)Lilydidnotrideherbikesoasslowlyasanoldlady.(莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢)Theydidn’tpickso/asmanyapplesasthefarmers(did).(他们摘的苹果不如农民多)讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。基本句型：主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+(much/alittle/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+第二个人物(‘B’)+….如：Amoderntrainismuchfasterthanacar.(现代的火车比轿车快多了)Thisbookdidn’tcostmemorethanthatone.(这本书花费我的钱不比那本多)讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人物时,用比较级。句型是：主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+less+(多音节形/副)比较级+than+第二个人物(‘B’)+….如：IthinkEnglishislessdifficultthanmaths.(我认为英语不比数学难)Doyouthinkitlessimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage?(你认为学外语不那么重要吗？)(3)讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时,用最高级。句型是：主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(the)+形容词/副词最高级+in/of….如：TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestinChina.(长江是中国最长的河流)Hejumped(the)highestofthethree(boys).(三个男生中他跳得最高)关于比较等级的重要注释：以上六个句型中,如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词；如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。如：Thiscaristhefastestofthefour.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的)Thiscarruns(the)fastestofthefour.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。如：Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.(天越来越温暖了)“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”。如：Themoretreesweplant,thebetteritwillbe.(我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好)Theharderyoutry,thegreateryourprogressis.(你越是努力,进步就越大)一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/alittle/even/still,而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/any/no/one/two/many/several/alot等词。如：Itismuchcoldertodaythanyesterday.(今天比昨天冷多了)Wouldyoulikesomemorecoffee?(你还要些咖啡吗？)Hedidnoteatanymore.(他没有再吃)morethan/lessthan分别可以理解为“多于/少于”,相当于副词,morethan=over;lessthan=under.IlivedinNewYorkformorethanfourmonths.(我在纽约生活了四个多月)“oneofthe+最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。Oneoftheoldesthouseshasbeenburntinafire.(最古老的一幢房子在一场大火被烧毁了)“Which/Who+动词+形/副,□,□or□?”句型中,如果有两个选项,形/副用比较级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。Whohasmorebooks,LinTaoorHanMei?(林涛和韩梅谁的书最多？)Whichistheheaviest,apig,ahorseoranelephant?(猪、马、象哪个最重？)上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加the；含有all/none/noone/every等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。--Doyoulikethesmallerone?—Neither.(小一点的那个你喜欢吗？一个都不喜欢)--Whichdoyoulikebest?–Allofthem!(你最喜欢哪个？全部。)【变式1】（2022·上海·一模）TheEnglishCornermakesme_________inspeakingEnglishthanbefore.A．confident B．themostconfidentC．mostconfident D．moreconfident【变式2】（2022·上海·模拟预测）TheweatherinShanghaiischangeablethisspring.Itseemsmuch________tocatchacold.A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．moreeasily【变式3】（2022·上海黄浦·二模）RachelWhite,aladyinherearlysixties,looksmuch________forherage.A．young B．younger C．youngest D．theyoungest【变式4】（2022·上海虹口·二模）Itismuch________toshoponlinewiththehelpoftrustworthyApps.A．convenient B．moreconvenientC．mostconvenient D．mostconveniently【变式5】（2022·上海浦东新·二模）Themoretimeyouwasteonthegames,the________youwillachieve.A．much B．more C．little D．less【变式6】（2022·上海黄浦·二模）TheAppleiPhone13proMaxcoststoomuch.Iwouldliketobuya________one.A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．thecheapest【变式7】（2022·上海徐汇·二模）Heoftenhasalotofmeateveryday,butIhavealotofvegetableseveryday.Sohisdietis________mine.A．ashealthyas B．healthierthan C．lesshealthythan D．asunhealthyas【变式8】（2022·上海·模拟预测）Themorerelaxedyouare,________youwillperformwhenyoutaketheinterview.A．thegood B．thewell C．thebetter D．thebest【变式9】（2022·上海·模拟预测）—Ieat________meatand________vegetablesthanIdidlastyear.—That’swhyyou’regettingfatter.A．less;fewer B．more;fewer C．less;more D．many;much【变式10】（2022·上海·模拟预测）Stevenlookedoutofthewindowandfoundtherainwasmuch________.A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．theheaviest考向四形容词最高级例1（2022·上海黄浦·一模）（形容词最高级变化规则）ThecityofChennaihasseenseverefloodingafterits_________rainfallsince2015.A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．theheaviest例2（2022·上海·模拟预测）（the+最高级+范围）OurPEteacheralwaysmakesusrelaxed,heis________teacherI’veevermet.A．mosthumorous B．morehumorous C．themosthumorous D．ahumorous例3（2022·上海奉贤·九年级期中）（oneofthe+最高级+名词复数）ForforeignerswhoareinterestedinChinesegardens,Suzhouisoneof______placestovisit.A．attractive B．moreattractive C．mostattractive D．themostattractive例4（2022·上海嘉定·二模）（序数词+最高级）Hansisthesecond_______boyinhisclass.A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest【变式1】（2022·上海普陀·九年级期中）Myparents’bedroomis_________amongalltheroomsinourhouse.A．bright B．brighter C．brightest D．thebrightest【变式2】（2022·上海奉贤·九年级期中）TangshanEarthquakeis_______filmIhaveeverseen.A．great B．greater C．greatest D．thegreatest【变式3】（2021·上海黄浦·九年级期中）Accordingtothelatestrankinglist,TsinghuaandPekinguniversitiesmark________positioneverachievedbyChinesemainlanduniversities.A．high