北师大八年级上Unit-2-How-often-do-you-exercise-知识点总结(教案)

张喆第三次行课Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?【知识点讲解】1.howoftenHowoften提出的问题表示询问动作发生的频率，意为“多久一次”，可用onceaday,twiceaweek,threetimesamouth等词语来回答。一howoftendoyouplaysoccer?你多久踢一次足球？一Iplayfootballtwiceaweek.频率副词顺序（由高到低）：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,hardly,never在句中位置：频度副词在句中通常放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，在实义动词之前Sheisoftenlateforschool./Icanneverbesure./Healwayshelpsme.（易混辨析）howlonghowsoonhowmanytimeshowfar(1)howlong对时间提问时，意为“多长时间，多久”，答语常用for+一段时间一howlongdidyoulivehere?你住这儿多久了？一Foraboutthreeyears．大约三年.(2)howsoon意为“多久以后”.多用于将来时间，其答语为in+一段时间.—Howsoonwillyourmothercomeback?你妈妈多久以后回来?一Shewillbebackintenminutes．她十分钟以后回来.(3)howmanytimes意为“多少次”，它只询问次数，即“多少次”.一HowmanytimesdidyougettoBeijing?你去北京几次了?—Oh，fourtimes．哦，四次了.(4)howfar意为“离……多远”，多用来询问路程.Howfarisitfromyourschooltoyourhome?你家距离学校有多远?(5)Howabout…?……如何？……怎么样？Howaboutgoingtothemovies?（易混辨析）house,family,home(1)house一般指所居住的建筑物，即“房子，住宅”.Hishousewasburnedinabigfire．他的房子在一场大火中被烧毁了.(2)family着重指家庭成员.(3)home则指某人出生及生活的环境，包括住处及家人.Myfamilyareauhere．我们一家都在这儿.Helefthomeattheageof18．他18岁离开了家.（易混辨析）(1)sometime是副词，意为“在某个时候”，“某时”Willyoucomeagainsometimenextweek?下周的某个时候你会再来吗？Shewastheresometimelastyear.(2)sometime是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用Iwillstayhereforsometime.我将在这呆一段时间。Heworkedforthatcompanyforsometime.(3)sometimes是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍”Imethimsometimesinthestreetlastmonth.上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。Thefactoryissometimeslargerthanthatone.这间工厂比那间大好几倍。(4)sometimes是频度副词，意为“有时”Hesometimesgoesskateboardingonweekends.他有时周末去滑滑板。2.trytrytodosth．试图做某事，想要做某事tryone'sbest竭尽所能ShetriestolearnEnglish．她试着去学英语.Jacktrieshisbesttowinthegame．杰克尽力去赢这场比赛.3.alotof,many,muchalotof既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词；many修饰可数名词复数；much修饰不可数名词.Wehavealotoffriends．Wehavemanyfriends．我们有许多朋友.Doyouhavealotofmoney?=Doyouhavemuchmoney?你有许多钱吗?在修饰可数名词复数时，alot／lotsof可与many互换；在修饰不可数名词时，alot／lotsof可与much互换.但alot／lotsof一般不用于否定句和疑问句中，在这两类句子中要用many或much.4.kindofkindof后接形容词或副词，意为“有点，有几分”.Hefeltkindoftired．他感觉有点累.Thebikeiskindofexpensive．那辆自行车有点贵.(1)akindof一种Thiskindofquestionishardtoanswer．这种问题很难回答.(2)allkinds+n．各种各样的ThereareallkindsofflowersiIlthepark．公园里有各种各样的花.(3)differentkindsof+n．不同种类的Therearedifferentkindsofanimalsinthezoo.动物园里有不同种类的动物.5．Maybe,perhaps,likelypossible,probablymaybe.perhaps和probably都有“也许，大概”的意思.perhaps也许，大体和possibly同义；probably大概，肯定的成分较大，是mostlikely的意思；possibly可能，常和call，may，must等情态动词连用，比probably语气弱得多；maybe或许，比perhaps普通，但不庄重；6．although,thoughalthough和though作连词用，意为“尽管，虽然”，二者可以通用.Although／Thoughtheyaresopoor,theyhaveenoughtoeat·他们虽然穷，食物还是够吃的.注意：在一个句子中，用了although或though就不能用but了，用了but则不能用although或though，即：“虽然……但是……”不见面，但是可以用yet.7．hard,hardlyhard既可作形容词，也可作副词，其词义丰富；hardly是具有“几乎没有，几乎不”这种否定含义的独立副词.msgroundistoohardtodig．这块地太硬，挖不动.(adj．)Chineseishardtolearnforforeigners．对于外国人来说汉语很难学.(adj.)Youshouldstudyhard．你应该努力学习.(adv．)I’msotiredthatIcan_____run我如此得累以至于我几乎跑不动了。Thereishardlyanycoffeeleft．几乎没剩下什么咖啡了.Hardlyanybodycame．几乎没有什么人来.【边讲边练】___doyouvisityouruncle?--___canyoubeready，Andy?Onceaweek,atleast．一Intenminutes.．A．HowlongB．HowmanyA．HowmuchB．HowoftenC．HowoftenD．HowsoonC．HowlongD．Howsoon8.Somestudentsdohomeworkthreeorfourtimesaweek.time表示不可数名词，意为“时间”。表示可数名词，意为“次数，倍数”What

time

is

it?I

go

to

the

movies

three

times

a

week.注意“次数”的表达方法：一次

once，

两次

twice，三次或三次以上用基数词加上times：three

times、five

times、one

hundred

times.表示“……几次”的表达方法是：onceaday/aweek/amonth/ayear9.

Asforhomework,moststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.as

for意为“就……而论”，“至于”As

for

fruit，I

eat

it

sometimes.Asforhim，Ineverwanttoseehimhere.至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。10．Mymotherwantsmetodrinkit.wanttodosth.想要做某事wantsb.todosth.想要某人干某事Doyouwanttogotothemovieswithme？你想和我一起去看电影吗？Iwantyoutohelpmewithmymath.我想要你帮我学数学。类似动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语：ask

tell

help

11.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.begoodfor...表示“对……有益（有好处）”It'sgoodforustodomorereading.多读书对我们有好处。Drinking

milk

is

good

for

your

health.喝牛奶对你的健康有益。其反义为：bebadfor...对……有害/无益Readinginbedisbadforyoureyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。12.usuallywhenIcomehomefromschoolWhen+从句当……时候Ioftenstayathomewhenitisrainy.13..Itrytoeatalotofvegetables.trytodosth.尽量/尽力做某事I’lltrytolearnEnglishwell.我会尽量尝试学好英语的。Youmusttrytotakemoreexercise.你必须尽量多做运动。14.Ilookaftermyhealth.lookafter照顾Mybrotherisill.Ihavetolookafterhimtoday.我的弟弟病了。我今天不得不照顾他。15.Myhealthylifestylehelpsmegetgoodgrades.helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事Sheoftenhelpsmelearnmath.她经常帮助我学数学。Goodfoodandexercisehelpmetostudybetter.16.Isherlifestylethesameasyourlifestyleorisherlifestyledifferentfromyourlifestyle?bethesameas…/bedifferentfrom…与……一样/与……不同Shelooksthesameashersister.她看起来跟她的妹妹很像。Thisbookisdifferentfromthatone.17.Alotofvegetableshelpyoutokeepingoodhealth.Alotof=lotsof=many/much许多keepingoodhealth=keephealthy=stayhealthykeep+形容词表保持某种状态Keepquiet!Thebabyissleeping.那婴儿正在睡觉，保持安静！Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.我们必须保持我们的教室干净。18.Thatsoundsinteresting.sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象）grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。Ittastesgood.这味道好。Themusicsoundsverysweet.这音乐听起来很入耳。【语法复习】一般现在时态一般现在时的用法：1、表示现在的状态：e.g:He’stwelve.2、表示经常或习惯性的动作：e.g:Igetupat6:30everyday.3、表示主语具备的性格和能力等：e.g:Shelikesnoodles.4、表示不受时间限制的普遍真理和自然规律：e.g:Twoandfourissix.一般现在时的具体结构:1、be动词的一般现在时的句式肯定句：主语+be+表语(n./adj.等)e.g.Heisaworker.否定句：主语+be+not+表语e.g.Heisnotaworker.一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?e.g.Isheaworker?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.2、实意动词的一般现在时的句式肯定句：主语（I/We/You/They）+实义动词+其他e.g:IstayathomeonSaturdays.主语（He/She/It）+实义动词第三人称单数形式+其他e.g:HestaysathomeonSaturdays.否定句：主语（I/We/You/They）+do+not+动词原形+其他e.g:Idon’tstayathomeonSaturdays.主语（He/She/It）+does+not+动词原形+其他e.g:Hedoesn’tstayathomeonSaturdays.一般疑问句：Do+主语（I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？e.g:DoyoustayathomeonSaturdays?Does+主语（he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？e.g:DoeshestayathomeonSaturdays?动词变换规则:1、一般情况直接加s;e.g:reads,plays,works,makes2、以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的加ese.g:do—does,go—goes,watch—watches,wash—washes,brush—brushes,push—pushes3、以辅音字母加y结尾的,去y变i加ese.g:dry—dries,fly—flies，study—studies4、特殊情况e.g:have–has【课后练习】一、按要求改写句子1、Sheexerciseeverymorning.(就划线部分提问)________________doessheexercise?2、Sheoftengoestothemovies.(就划线部分提问________________sheoften______?3、MyfriendwatchesTVtwiceaweek.(就划线部分提问)________________doesyourfriend______TV?4、Ilikejunkfoodbest.(改为同义句)My______food______junkfood.5、Ithinkshehasahealthylifestyle.(改为否定句)I____________she______ahealthylifestyle.二、用所给词的适当形式填空1、I’mworriedbecausemymotheris_______.(health)2、Howoften______yourfather______(drink)wine?3、I______(hard)everseehim.4、Myparentswantme______(play)sportseveryday.三、根据汉语完成句子1、做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。Doing_________________is_______________youreyes.2、尽管我学习不好，但我从未放弃过。________Ididn’tdowellinmylessons,I_______gaveup.3、——他多久给你发一次电子邮件？——一周一次。——______________________hesendyouane-mail?——________aweek.4、大量的蔬菜帮助你保持健康。Alotofvegetableshelpyou____________________________.5、或许我不健康，虽然我有一个健康的生活方式。_______I’mnotveryhealthy,______Ihaveonehealthyhabit.6、你应该尽量少吃点肉。Youshould_____________________________________.重点短语1.gotothemovies=gotothecinema看电影2.lookafter=takecareof照顾3.surftheInternet上网4.healthylifestyle健康的生活方式5.goskateboarding去划板6.(be)ingoodhealth=（be）healthy身体健康7.keephealthy=keepingoodhealth保持健康8.asfor至于9.take/doexercise=play/dosports锻炼,做运动10.eatinghabits饮食习惯11.thesameas与……相同12.onceamonth一月一次13.bedifferentfrom不同14.twiceaweek一周两次15.makeadifferenceto对什么有影响16.howoften多久一次17.although=though虽然18.mostofthestudents=moststudents大多数学生19.activitysurvey活动调查20.goshopping=dosomeshopping购物21.doeyeexercises做眼保健操22.dohousework做家务事23.junkfood垃圾食物24.begood/badfor对……有益(害)25.on/atweekends在周末26.wanttodosth=wouldliketodosth=feellikedoingsth想要做某事27.wantsbtodos