2023届高考英语语法复习专项试卷：动词（4）（含解析）

2023届高考英语语法复习专项试卷：动词（4）一、填空1.Theoldmanwasutterly________(吸引)inthebook..2.Mybrothertookthepillsforonlythreedaysbeforehefullyrecovered,sothemedicine_________(prove)effective.3.Anartist____________(inspire)bythescenepaintedthisbeautifulpicture.4.Shetreatedthe_________(adopt)sonasifhewereherown.5.Perhaps,oneday,readersofF.SottFitzgerald'smostadmiredworkwillfindthemselves__________(glue)totheirscreensbyepisodesofTheGreatGatsby.6.Withhisattention________(focus)onhisbook,hedidn’tnoticemeenterhisstudy.7.________(tire)andhungry,thetouristswantedtofindarestauranttohavesomethingtoeat.8.Manystudentsbelievethattheywillchoosetheircoursesanduniversities__________(base)ontheirowninterests.9.Tosaveenergy,we’dbetterbuythegoodswhichcanber________.10.Goats'cheesemaybe________(加工)inmanyways.11.Athleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardcanbe_______(admit)ascompetitors.12.You’dbetternotget___________(annoy)athisignorance.13.Shefeltproudwithherliving______(earn)byherself.14.Theseflowerswilldieunless________(water)everyday.15.________(surround)byacrowdoffans,hecouldn’tmoveabit.二、语法填空16.

Smell,morethananyothersense,isdeeplyrootedinmemory.Itisbelievedbyscientists①_____smellscanrecallfeelingsofdistantmemories.Thescientistssay

②_____areaofthebrainassignsmemoriestosmellsandstores③_____(they)fordecades.Theareacaninstantlyrecallthememorieswithgreatclearnessyearslaterifapersonencountersthesmellagain.ChristinaStrauch,fromtheRuhrUniversitätBochuminGermany,sayssmells④______(store)intheolfactorybrain.Theword"olfactory"meansanythingrelated

⑤_____thesenseofsmell.

Manysmellscantransportusbacktoourchildhood.Smellsfromcookiesbakinginthekitchenorthesmellofahome-madedishcanbringback⑥_____(amaze)memoriesofgrowingup.Somesmellscantakeyouawaytoanotherpointintime.Somesmellscanmakeyouwishyou⑦_____(be)backinthepast,ormakeyouwanttoescape,whichdependsonwhetherthesmellhasapositiveornegative⑧_____(associate).Somedoctorspartlydependonthisfortheirpatients.Smellscanevenencourageyou⑨_____(buy)thingsinstores.Manystoresintroducecertainsmellstoawakeparticularmemories,⑩_____canmakepeoplebuythingstheylovedyearsago.17.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。PMstandsforparticulate(微粒的)matter:thetermforamixtureofsolidparticles(粒子)andliquiddropletsintheair.Someparticlesarelargeordarkenoughtobeseenbyoureyes.Othersaresosmallthattheycanonly①________(discover)withamicroscope.Theseparticlescomeinmanysizesand②________(shape)andcanbemadeupofmanydifferentchemicals.Somecomedirectlyfromasource,suchasfieldsorfires.Mostparticlesform

③________

theatmosphereasaresultofcomplexreactionsofchemicals,

④________

arepollutantsfrompowerplants,industriesandautomobiles.Particulatematter⑤________(contain)microscopicparticlesthataresosmallthattheycanbebreathedinandmakeone⑥________(serious)ill.Someparticleslessthan10micrometersindiametercangetdeepintoyourlungs

⑦________

somemayevengetintoyourbloodstream.Ofthese,particleslessthan2.5micrometersindiameter,alsoknownasPM2.5,createthe⑧________(great)risktohealth.Fortunately,everydaytheAirQualityIndex(AQI)tellsyouhowcleanor⑨________(pollute)youroutdoorairis,alongwithassociatedhealtheffectsthatmaybeofconcern.TheAQItranslatesairqualitydataintonumbersandcolorsthathelpyouunderstandwhen​⑩________(take)actiontoprotectyourhealth.

答案以及解析1.答案：absorbed解析：考查翻译填空。句意：那位老人全神贯注于这本书.beabsorbedin是固定短语"全神贯注于"，所以填：absorbed.2.答案：proved解析：考查系动词prove的用法。句意是"我哥哥只吃了三天的药丸就康复了，所以这药证明是非常起作用的。"句中prove是系动词，后面接形容词effective作表语，prove表示"证明是"，不用于被动语态。由took可知句子是一般过去时态，所以prove用过去式proved.故答案是proved.3.答案：inspired解析：句意：受现场启发的艺术家绘了这幅美丽的图画。考查翻译填空。根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，artist与inspire，之间是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语，故填inspired。4.答案：adopted解析：句意：她对这个儿子就像自己亲生的一样。考查单词填空。根据后面的名词可知需要用形容词，adopted收养的，故填adopted。5.答案：glued解析：句意：也许，有一天，菲茨杰拉德最受赞赏的作品的读者会发现自己被《了不起的盖茨比》的剧集完全吸引住了。分析句子可知，所给词glue这里表示"完全吸引；使专注于"之意，动词find后面接复合宾语，themselves与glue之间为被动关系，应用过去分词glued作宾语补足语，表示"发现自己被完全吸引"，故填glued.6.答案：focused解析：Withhisattention...hisbook,这句话是伴随状语,不构成一个完整的句子,不缺少谓语,考虑非谓语动词。又因为他的注意力是被他聚焦,所以考虑被动。故正确答案为focused。7.答案：Tired解析：句意：又累又饿，游客们想找家饭店吃点儿东西。此处是形容词作状语，表示"疲惫的"，所以填Tired。8.答案：based解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学生认为他们会根据自己的兴趣来选择课程和大学。在that引导的宾语从句中，谓语是willchoose，宾语theircoursesanduniversities故base要用非谓语形式，base与名词coursesanduniversities之间是被动关系，故填based。9.答案：recycled解析：考查语态。句意：为了节约能源，我们最好购买可回收的物品。结合句意，定语从句的谓语动词是含有情态动词的被动语态，故填recycled。10.答案：processed解析：process表示"加工"，cheese与process之间是动宾关系，要用情态动词的被动语态。故填processed。11.答案：admitted解析：考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：只有达到商定标准的运动员才能被接纳为参赛者。分析句子可知主语athletes和admit之间是被动关系，句中给出了willbe，可知句子用一股将来时的被动语态，admit用过去分词admitted。故填admitted。12.答案：annoyed解析：get是连系动词，后接形容词作表语；过去分词作表语，多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化，其主语多半是人。故填：annoyed。13.答案：earned解析：考查”with+o+oc”结构,earn与逻辑主语herliving构成动宾关系，因此用过去分词。14.答案：watered解析：本题考查unless引导的条件状语从句的省略问题。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句的动词是be动词时,可将从句的主语和be动词一起省去。主句主语是theflowers,从句主语也是theflowers,且与动词water（浇水）之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。由“everyday(每天)”，得知，时态是一般现在时。其完整形式:unlesstheflowersarewateredeveryday。可以把“theflowersare”省略，所以本空直接填入watered。15.答案：Surrounded解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:被一群粉丝包围着,他动不了了。因为he和surround之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词短语作状语。16.答案：①that②an③them④arestored⑤to⑥amazing⑦were⑧association⑨tobuy⑩which

解析：①考查名词性从句。句意为:科学家们相信气味能唤起关于遥远记忆的感觉。分析句子结构可知,此处引导主语从句,It为形式主语,且从句中不缺成分,句意完整,应用that引导该从句。故填that。②考查冠词。句意为:科学家们说,大脑的一个区域将记忆分配给气味,并将这些记忆储存几十年。此处表泛指,应用不定冠词,且area的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。③考查代词。句意见上一题解析。此处作动词stores的宾语,应用they的宾格形式。故填them。④考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为:德国波鸿鲁尔大学的克里斯蒂娜•施特劳赫说,气味储存在嗅觉大脑中。分析句子结构可知,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,从句主语smells与从句谓语动词store之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且smells为复数形式。故填arestored。⑤考查介词。句意为:"olfactory"这个词是指任何与嗅觉有关的东西。berelatedto意为"与......有关",为固定短语。故填to。⑥考查词性转换。句意为:厨房里烘烤的饼干的气味,或者家里做的菜的气味,都能勾起成长的美好回忆。此处修饰名词memories,应用形容词作定语,意为"令人惊喜的"。故填amazing。⑦考查虚拟语气。句意为:有些气味会让你希望回到过去,或者让你想要逃离,这取决于这种气味是有积极的还是消极的联想。wish后跟宾语从句时,从句要用虚拟语气。此处表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时,be动词应用were。故填were。⑧考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知,positive和negative是形容词,应修饰名词,此处作has的宾语。故填association。⑨考查非谓语动词。句意为:气味甚至可以促使你去商店购物。encouragesb.todosth.为固定搭配,意为"促使、鼓励某人做某事"。故填tobuy。⑩考查定语从句。句意为:许多商店会引入某些气味来唤起特定的记忆,让人们购买多年前喜欢的东西。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子,从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。17.答案：1.bediscovered2.shapes3.in4.which5.contains6.seriously7.and/while8.greatest9.polluted10.totake

解析：①本题主要考查被动语态。分析成分可知，they和discover之间是被动关系，因此应用被动语态。前有情态动词should，此处be动词应用原形。故正确答案为bediscovered。②