2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 （原卷版）

2/2大庆铁人中学2021级高二上学期期末考试英语试题试题说明：1、本试题满分150分,答题时间120分钟。2、请将答案填写在答题卡上,考试结束后只交答题卡。第一部分听力(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置,听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatmonthisitnow?A.January. B.February. C.March.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoweknowabouttheboy?A.Hepreferseatingcoldfood.B.Heatesomethingelseinadvance.C.Hedoesn’tlikehismom’scooking.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredidthewomangobeforethemeal?A.Toherhome. B.Toacinema. C.Toacafe.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onatrain. B.Inanelevator. C.Inataxi.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdidthemangethisshirt?A.Fromhisfather. B.Fromane-mall. C.Fromasouvenirshop.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whowillbetheaudiencefortheman’spresentation?A.Histutor. B.Seniorstudents. C.Freshmen.7.Whereisthepresentationgoingtobeheld?A.Intheschoollibrary. B.Intheschooltheatre. C.IntheStudents’Union.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whenisthegarbagecanemptiedusually?A.Wednesday. B.Thursday. C.Friday.9.Wherewastheannouncementposted?A.Onawebsite. B.Onanoticeboard. C.Onthenewspaper.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Howlonghasthefridgebeenusedapproximately?A.9years. B.10years. C.11years.11.What’swrongwiththefridge?A.It’stoonoisy. B.Itstopsworking. C.Itcoststoomuch.12.Whatwasthematterwiththedoorofthefridge?A.Itfelldown. B.Itdidn’tstayshut. C.Itcouldn’tbeopened.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatjobdoesthegirldecidetotake?A.Receptionist. B.ManagerAssistant. C.Officeassistant.14.What’sthedutyofthejob?A.Answeringphonecalls. B.Makingphonecalls. C.Talkingfacetoface.15.What’sthetimeoftheinterview?A.10:30a.m.Friday. B.10:30a.m.Thursday. C.11:30a.m.Friday.16Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Overthephone. B.Onsocialmedia. C.Intheoffice.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whendidthespeakerbuyhisticket?A.Threemonthsinadvance.B.Fivetotendaysinadvance.C.Threeweeksinadvance.18.Howmuchdoesaguidegenerallypayforaplaneticket?A.Halfoftheregularfare.B.Onequarteroftheregularfare.C.Two-thirdsoftheregularfare.19.Wherecanseniorandyouthpassesbeused?A.InIndia. B.InEurope. C.InJapan.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howtobuytraintickets.B.Howtotravelonaplane.C.Howtotravelforless.第二部分阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分,满分50分)第一节阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ANaturehasinspiredmanyofthemostfascinatingdesignsaroundus,includingthoseinarchitecture.Today,architectscontinuetoexplorewaystocapturethebeautyofnaturalforms,tomimicthewaynatureworksoreventomakenaturalorganismspartofabuilding.ArtScienceMuseum,SingaporePeoplewhoseinterestisexploringtherelationshipbetweenartandsciencewillenjoySingapore’sArtScienceMuseum.Thebuildingwasdesignedtoshowtheconnectionbetweennatureandthemoderncityenvironmentinwhichitsits.Shapedtoresemblealotusflower,itappearstofloatabovethewaterfrontpromenade(滨海步道)andthewaterthatsurroundsit.Itsroofcollectsrainwaterandchannelsit35metersdowntoawaterfallinthecentreofthespace.Thewateristhenrecycledthroughthebuilding’splumbingsystem.Thebuildingsotrulycapturesthebeautyofnaturalforms.TheAlgaeHouse,HamburgTheworld’sfirstalgae-poweredbuildingisinHamburg,Germany.Thesurfaceoftheapartmentbuildingiscoveredinpanelsthatcontainalgae(水藻).Inbrightsunshine,theygrowfasterandprovideshade.Thepanelsalsocaptureheatfromthesunandconvertitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding.Andthat’snotall—thealgaeinsidethepanelscanbeharvestedandusedtoproducefuel.Thebuildingthereforenotonlyrespondstoitsenvironmentanduseslessenergy,butalsoreducesdamagetotheenvironmentbygeneratingitsownrenewableenergy.Creatingbuildingsuchastheseenablesustoliveincloserharmonywithourenvironment.Tomeettheneedsoftodaywhileprotectingtheworldoftomorrowmaybeachallenge,buteventhesimplestorganismscanhelpteachushowtoachievethis.21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhyarchitectscontinuetoexplorenature?A.Toimitatethewaynatureworks. B.Tomakenaturepartofarchitecture.C.Tocapturethebeautyofnature. D.Tomakenaturalorganismsalive.22.HowcantheAlgaeHousereducedamagetotheenvironment?A.Byusinglessenergy. B.ByprovidingshadeforpeopleC.Bycapturingheatfromthesun. D.Byproducingitsownrenewableenergy.23.Inwhichmagazinewouldyoumostlikelyfindthepassage?A.ArchitectureFrontier. B.ExtraordinaryArchitects.C.NaturalWorld. D.LivingonEarth.BFirst,allparticipantsfounditquiteeasytolinkcolorsandemotions.Thiswasparticularlytrueforcolorslikered,black,oryellow.Othercolors,likebrownandpurple,receivedfewerassociations.Wefoundthatcolour-emotionassociationswerenotone-to-one,butmany-to-many.Participantsdidnotselectoneemotionforacolour,butoftenchoseseveralemotions.Inturn,differentcolorswerelinkedtothesameemotion,likepleasure,whichwasassociatedwithredbutalsoyellow,orange,pinkandpurple.Whatyoucanalsoseeisthatmostcolorswereassociatedwithpositiveemotions.Onlybrown,greyandblack—thatis,darkercolors—wereassociatedwithnegativeemotions.Redwasthemostcontroversialcolour.Forsome,itwasaverypositivecolour—thecolourofpassion,loveanddesire.Forothers,itwasanegativecolour—thecolourofdanger,angerandhate.Forevenothers,itwasbothpositiveandnegative.Whatconnectsalltheseemotionsandideasisthefactthatredisactivatingandstrong.Second,wefoundfewculturaldifferences.Inotherwords,manycolour-emotionassociationsseemeduniversal.Mostparticipantsagreedthatpinkwasassociatedwithloveandpleasure,yellowwithjoyandamusement,orthatblackwasthesaddestcolour.Third,ifyouareinterestedinculturaldifferences,wefoundsomespecificitiestoo.Forexample,inadditiontotheuniversalassociationsofloveandangerwithred,Chineseparticipantsalsoassociatedjoyandamusement,whileNigerianparticipantsadditionallyassociatedfearwithred.AnotherexampleistheassociationbetweenpurpleandsadnessthatonlyGreekparticipantschose.Forothers,purplewasgenerallyapositivecolourwithverylittleagreementontheexactemotionsassociatedwithpurple.Fourth,participantswhoselanguagesweremoresimilartoeachotheralsohadmoresimilarassociations.Toarriveatthisfinding,weestimatedthedegreeoflinguistic(语言的)similaritybetweentwolanguages,whichshowshowrelatedorunrelatedtheyare.Andthen,languagesfromdifferentlanguagefamilies,likeEnglishandChinese,wouldhavethelowestsimilarityscores.24.Whichcolourismostlikelytocausecontroversy?A.Black. B.Red. C.Yellow. D.Brown.25.Whatispinkassociatedwithaccordingtomostparticipants?A.Loveandpleasure. B.Joyandamusement.C.Angerandsadness. D.Fearanddisappointment.26.Whichgroupofpeopleassociatepurplewithsadness?A.Chineseparticipants. B.Nigerianparticipants.C.Greekparticipants. D.Englishparticipants.27.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheDeepMeaningofColoursB.TheLinkBetweenColoursandEmotionsC.CulturalDifferencesinDifferentCountriesD.LinguisticSimilarityBetweenTwoLanguagesCZhengQinwenannouncedherselfasamajornewforceinwomen’stenniswithanimportantFrenchOpendebut(首秀)lastmonth.NowtheChineseteenagerhopesthefightingspiritsheshowedattheGrandSlam(大满贯)tournamentcanencouragekidsstartingoutinthesporttochasetheirdreamsonthecourtwiththesamedetermination.“Iftennisisyourdream,Ithinkyoualwayshavetofightforyourdream.Becauseweonlyhaveonelife,youshouldn’thaveanyregrets,”Zhengsaidlastweekinaninterview.The19-year-oldshowedshepossessesthetalenttobeacontenderattheverytopleveloftenniswithabreakoutcampaignatFrenchOpen.Accountingfortwo-timeGrandSlamwinnerSimonaHalepalongtheway,Zheng’sjourneywasendedinthefourthroundbyathree-setdefeattoeventualchampionIgaSwiatek.Zheng,though,gavethePolishworldNo.1abigscare,battlingbackfrom3-0downinthefirstsettoforceandwinatiebreak(平分决胜局).“ThatwasthefirsttimeIhadplayedagainsttheworldNo.1,soIreallywantedtograbthischancesoIcouldjudgeherlevelandtestmyself,”saidZheng.“Ididn’twanttogiveherthematchsoeasylikethat.Itwasprettydifficultformetoholdoninthatmatchbecauseofwhatmybodywasgoingthrough,butIwantedtoshowherI’mnoteasilybeaten.”LookingbackatZhengQinwen’sperformancesinthisyear’sFrenchOpen,there’snodoubtthatshe’satruefighter.Zhengsayssheavoidsbeingdiscouragedbyhigher-rankedopponentsbysimplyfocusingonthenextpoint,oneshotatatime.Supportedbyherteam,shehopesshecanonedaywinaGrandSlamtitle.Zheng’simpressiveFrenchOpenrunhasinevitably(不可避免地)ledtocomparisonswithChina’ssolitaryGrandSlamsingleschampionLiNa,whowonthe2011FrenchOpenand2014AustralianOpentitles.“WhenIwasakid,LiNashowedthatAsianpeoplealsocandosomethingreallygoodintennis.Shewasthefirstone.Iwilljustfocusonmyowngameandthenlet’sseeifIcanreallycompeteatthehighestlevel,”saidZheng.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contender”inparagraph3mean?A.Competitor B.Announcer. C.Campaigner. D.Designer.29.WhatistheresultofthematchbetweenZhengandIgaSwiatek?A.IgaSwiatekbeatZhengeasily.B.ZhenglosttoIgaSwiatekatlast.C.Zhengwonthematchdespiteherpain.D.IgaSwiateklostbecauseofhermistakes.30.WhyisLiNamentionedinparagraph7?A.ToshowhowexcellentZhengQinwenis.B.Toprovefailureisthemotherofsuccess.C.ToexplainwhyLiNahasachievedalot.D.TocomparethedifferencebetweenZhengQinwenandLiNa.31.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeZhengQinwen?A.Optimisticandgenerous B.Adventurousandrealistic.C.Independentandhelpful D.Strugglinganddetermined.DOnSeptember26,2022,NASAsuccessfullycompleteditsDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTest(DART)missionbyintentionallycrashinganunmannedspacecraftintotheasteroid(小行星)Dimorphos.Thegoalwasnottodestroytheasteroidbuttochangeitsorbit.Withthesuccessfulmission,NASAprovedtheconceptthatthistechniquecouldkeepapotentiallydangerousasteroidfromcrashingintoEarthinthefuture.DimorphosisasmallasteroidorbitingthelargerasteroidDidymos.NASAnotedthatDimorphosisnotathreattoEarth,butbecauseitpassesrelativelyclosetoEarth,itwaschosenasthetargetforthetestmission.Althoughtheintendedcrashshouldchangetheasteroid’spositionslightly,itwilladdtoamajorshiftovertime.“Ifyouweregoingtodothisforplanetarydefense,youwoulddoit5,10,15,or20yearsinadvanceforthistechniquetowork,”saidNASAprogramexecutiveAndreaRiley.“Thisiswhywetest.Wewanttodoitnowratherthanwhenthere’sanactualneed.”AsteroidscanposeasignificantthreattoplanetEarth.Forexample,around66millionyearsago,anasteroidaround6to9milesacrossstrucktheEarthinwhatisnowtheYucatanPeninsula.Theresultingimpactwassocatastrophic(灾难性的)thatitcausedoneofthelargestextinctioneventsinEarth’shistory.Therefore,DART’ssuccessisanimportantstepforwardinprotectingtheplanetfrompotentialdamagefromanasteroid.Thisshowshumansarenolongerpowerlesstopreventthistypeofnaturaldisaster.TheDARTspacecraftwaslaunchedbyNASAonNovember242021.ItwasaccompaniedbyanothercraftcalledLICIACube,suppliedbytheItalianSpaceAgency,andseparatedfromDARTjust15daysbeforethecrash.LICIACuberemainedinorbitaroundtheasteroidandtookphotographsofthecrashandmaterialejected(弹出)fromtheasteroid’ssurface.32.WhatisthepurposeoftheDARTmission?A.TodestroyDimorphoscompletely.B.TochangetheorbitofDimorphos.C.Totrackpotentiallydangerousasteroids.D.TopreventDimorphosfromhittingtheEarth.33.HowcanwedescribethetestaccordingtoAndreaRiley?A.Betterlatethannever.B.RobPetertopayPaul.C.Prepareforarainyday.D.Barkupthewrongtree.34.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinparagraph4?A.ToprovethesignificanceofDART’ssuccess.B.Topresenttheeffectofthelargestextinctioneventsonhumans.C.ToexplainthedifficultyofprotectingtheEarthfromasteroidstrikes.D.Toshowthenecessityofconductingresearchonnaturaldisasters.35.WhatisLICIACubeintendedfor?A.Recordingthecrashtestwithphotos.B.CollectingrocksamplesfromDimorphos’ssurface.C.ProvidingadditionalenergyfortheDARTspacecraft.D.IncreasingtheforceofcrashingtheDARTspacecraftintoDimorphos.第二节根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’sagoodideaforeveryonetoknowfirstaidtechniques.___36___becausemostoutdooractivitiestakeparticipants(参与者)awayfrompopulated(人口密集的)areas.___37___ifyou’rehikingormountainbikingawayfrompopulatedareas.Firstisthatanaccidentorahealtheventcanhappenanytimeand,secondly,helpmaytakeawhiletoreachyou.Dependingonyourlocation,thefirstaidskillsofafriendoranearbystrangermaymeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Inmostcases,apersontrainedinfirstaidcareisunlikelytobearound.___38___ifweknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid.Amajorhealtheventcanoccuranytimeatanyplace,sogettingtrainedinfirstaidcanensureyou’llbeabletohelpthoseinneed.___39___.Whendifferenttypesofconditionspresentthemselves,treatmentinthefirst10minutescanchangethatperson’schanceofsurvival.Firstaidknowledgecouldsaveyourownlife.It’slikelythatanaccidentcouldoccurinasituationwherenooneistrainedtogivefirstaid.Gettrained,andyoumaybeabletoinstructothersonhowtoproperlytreatyouorapplyfirstaidtechniquesyourself,dependingonthesituation.___40___.A.ChancesofsurvivalareincreasedB.TherearetwothingsyoumustbeawareofC.YoumaybetheonlyoneinagrouptohavetheknowledgeD.Ineithercase,yourchancesoffullrecoveryaregreatlyimprovedE.Bytakingaspecialcourse,you’llbeabletorespondimmediatelyF.TheremayalsobesomesituationsthatrequirethistypeoftrainingG.Butitmaybeevenmoreimportantforthosewholiveanactiveoutdoorlifestyle第三部分语言运用(共25小题;满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aphoto,shotintheLudingearthquake,soonwentviral(迅速传播).Inthephoto,a20-year-oldfirefighter,ZhangZili,was____41____holdinga2-month-oldbaby,_____42_____theheartsofpeople.Peoplenouicedtheword“Wenchuan”onZhang’sleftarmband.Zhang,bornin2002inacountyneighboringWenchuan,washencelovinglyreferredtoas“WenchuanBrother”.OnMay122008,Zhangwasattendinga____43____classwhenthemagnitude-8.0earthquakestruck.Heandhisclassmateswerecryingontheplayground,not____44____whatwasgoingon.____45____,thePeople’sLiberationArmycametotheirrescue.He____46____howemergencysupplieswereair-droppedfromhelicoptersandhowPLAsoldiersbuilt____47____andofferedinstantnoodlestolocals.One____48____evenhuggedandcomfortedZhang,saying“Don’tbe____49____,weareherenow”.ThewordsleftadeepimpressiononZhang.Thisyear,whentheWenchuanbrigade(消防队)was_____50_____firefighters,hedidnothesitatetojoin,hopingtosavepeoplejustlikethePLAsoldiers.Inlessthanfourmonths,hehastakenpartinseveralforestfirefighting_____51_____andrescueoperations.ByThursday,Zhang’sbrigadehadurgently_____52_____tworescuechannelsinthebaby’svillagetotransportthevillagers.Actually,manyWenchuanBrothershaveparticipatedinthesearchandrescueoperationsfortheLudingearthquake.Ofthe74peoplefromtheWenchuanbrigade,manyare_____53_____fromWenchuan.Withanaverageageof27,they_____54_____theWenchuanearthquakeandwanttohelppeoplefacing_____55_____difficulties.41.A.firmly B.relaxingly C.eagerly D.tenderly42.A.touching B.breaking C.opening D.freezing43.A.Chinese B.sports C.maths D.music44.A.wondering B.doubting C.expecting D.knowing45.A.Longbefore B.Shortlyafterwards C.Totheirsurprise D.Asaconsequence46.A.acknowledged B.indicated C.recalled D.commented47.A.tents B.bridges C.roads D.houses48.A.classmate B.teacher C.parent D.soldier49.A.hesitant B.afraid C.angry D.shy50.A.training B.organizing C.recruiting D.calling51.A.scenes B.missions C.procedures D.routines52.A.setup B.madeup C.builtup D.takenup53.A.volunteers B.members C.immigrants D.locals54.A.understood B.imagined C.experienced D.remembered55.A.particular B.endless C.similar D.increasing第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)语法填空Antarcticaisaplaceofextremes.Itisthecoldest,highest,driestandwindiestcontinentonEarth.Antarcticaisacontinent___56___(cover)byaninlandicesheetupto4.8kmthick,___57___(hold)about90%oftheworld’sfreshwater.Theicesheetis___58___heavythatithaspushedthelandbelowsealevelinplaces.TheSouthPoleis1,235kmfromtheclosestcoastlineandislocatedhighonthepolarplateau(高原)(height2,800m).Hereitmaybeascoldas-75℃,buttheworld’s___59___(low)temperaturerecordisfromanevenmoreremoteAntarcticstation,Vostok,___60___recordedatemperatureof-89℃.Onlyabout0.4%ofthesurfaceofAntarcticaisfree___61___snowandice.Thetopsofmountainsstickupthroughtheice—thehighestisMountVinson,4,900mabovesealevel.Overthepastfewdecades,Britain___62___(play)amajorroleintheexplorationandstudyofAntarctica.CaptainJamesCookwasthefirstperson___63___(cross)theAntarcticcirclein___64___1770s.Laterexplorationsinvolvedsearchingforcommercial(商业的)opportunities,usuallyhuntingforsealsorwhales.Atthestartofthetwentiethcentury,___65___(explore)ScottandShackletonmadescientificexplorations,atraditionwhichcontinuestothepresent.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分25分)66.你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“HowtoFaceFailure”为题写一篇发言稿参赛,内容包括：1.分析失败对我们的影响2.提出面对失败的一些建议注意：1.词数100左右2.题目已为你写好HowtoFaceFailure_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读后续写(满分15分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thelastraceofthedaywasover.Mybreathinggraduallystilledalongwiththeripples(波纹)inthepoolbutIstayedinthewater,watchingsadlyasthewinnersgatheredforth