福建省福州市十校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语英语试题（含解析）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省福州市十校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C二个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whateventarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Snowboarding. B.Figureskating. C.Speedskating.【答案】A【原文】W:Didyoucatchanyofthesnowboardingeventsthiswinter?M:Don’tgetmestarted.Besidesfigureskatingandspeedskating,snowboardingisanothersportthatattractsme.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inadepartmentstore. B.Atarestaurant. C.Atthebookingoffice.【答案】B【原文】W:George,lookatthelongwaitingline.Iamgladyouhavebookedatable.M:Iguessitisbecausethedishesherearecheapanddelicious.W:Ithinkso.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepresentation?A.Informative. B.Convincing. C.Unique.【答案】B【原文】M:WhatdoyouthinkofMr.Johnson’spresentation?W:Itwasfarbeyondmyexpectation.Ineverthoughthewassuchapersuasivespeaker.4.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthebills?A.$15. B.$20. C.$25.【答案】A【原文】M:I’vereceivedthismonth’sgasbillof20dollarsandelectricitybillof25dollars.W:Thethreeofussharetheapartmentandwewillsharethetotalcostequally.M:OK.That’sfair.5.Whatwillthewomando?A.Visitthenationalgallery. B.Gotothedentist. C.Havehercarrepaired.【答案】C【原文】M:Thereisanoilpaintingexhibitionatthenationalgallery.AndJohnwillgotherewithmeafterhehashisteethexamined.Caretojoinus?W:I’dloveto.ButIhadaflattirejustnow.I’mafraidIhavetohaveitchecked.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Sheisonadiet.B.Sheisagoodswimmer.C.Shelikesplayingbadminton.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Acouple.C.Coachandplayer.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:So,shallwepayforanotheryear’sfamilymembership?W:Ofcourse!I’dliketocarryonplayingbadmintonandyouenjoyswimming.It’sanicethingtodoafterwork,isn’tit?M:Iagree.Andmaybeweshouldhaveourmealearlierintheeveningratherthansolateatnight.Whatdoyouthink?W:It’sworthtrying.We’realwayshungryafterthegym.M:Andit’snotgoodtogotobedwithafullstomach.Butwecan’tstayuptoolate,becausewe’vebothgottogetupsoearlyforworkeveryday.W:Iknow.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Toseektipsonusingthebussystem.B.TomakeaplantouringaroundChicago.C.ToreserveavisittotheModernArtMuseum.9.Whoisthewoman?A.Atouristguide. B.Abusdriver. C.Aticketseller.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】W:Sir,howcanIhelp?M:I’mnotfromthecityandI’mtryingtousethebussystemforthefirsttime.W:Well,welcometoChicagoandIcandefinitelyhelpyouwiththebusroutes.Whereareyouheading?M:MyplanfortodayistovisittheModernArtMuseum,stopatthezooandtheneatdinnerdowntown.W:Thatsoundslikeafunday.Youshouldprobablygeta24-hourbuspassforunlimitedbusrides.Thatwayyoucanstopandexploreasmuchasyouwantineachneighborhoodfortheentireday.M:Great.W:Alotoftouristspreferthisoption.It’sagooddealtoo.Insteadofpaying$2perbusride,youcanpay$8andrideallday.M:Perfect,pleasegetmetwo.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhichofthefollowingisLinda’sjob?A.Wrappingfruit. B.Cleaninghouses. C.Pullingweeds.11.Howdoesthewomanfindherpart-timejob?.A.Boring. B.Meaningful. C.Enviable.12.Whenwillthemanplanttreesforhisneighbors?A.Thismorning. B.Thisafternoon. C.Thisweekend.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【原文】M:Oh,Linda.Whatareyouuptothesedays?Itseemsagessincewemetinouruniversitycanteen.W:Well,Iworkparttimeatasupermarket.M:Whatdoyoudothere?W:Iusuallyworkintheproducesectionintheearlymorning,wrappingfreshfruitandvegetables.Sometimesitreallygetsbusy.Haveyougotajob,Phil?M:Yeah,Idogardenworkonweekends.Watering,cleaningleaves,pullingweeds,andthingslikethat.W:Itmustbenicetoworkoutdoors.M:Sometimesitis,exceptwhenitrainsorsnows.W:Everyjobhasitsshortcomings.TherearetimeswhenIgetprettytired.Butajobisajob,andonthewholeitensuresagreatsenseofachievement.AndIhopetocovermycollegefeesasmuchaspossible.M:Metoo.Well,I’dbettergetgoing.I’vegottoplantsometreesformyneighboursthisafternoon.W:Allright,seeyou!听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Conductinganinterview.B.Hostingaworkshop.C.Attendingalecture.14.WhydidGigistarttheproject?A.Toshowrespecttoretiredteachers.B.Tomakeretiredteachersavailabletokids.C.Toimproveteachingenvironmentforschools.15.Whatshouldstudentsdoattheendofeachsession?A.Raisequestions. B.Changegroups. C.Givepresentations.16.WhatisachallengeforGigi’swork?A.Networkcrash. B.Languagebarrier. C.Staffshortage.【答案】13.A14.B.15.C16.A【原文】M:Thanksforjoiningustonight,Gigi.YourprojectTheSchoolintheCloudhasbeengainingsomesteam.Couldyoutellouraudienceaboutit?W:Sure.ItisaprojectIcreatedin2017.Yousee,therearemanyretiredteachersoutthere.Onceateacher,alwaysateacher.Iwantedtofindawaytomakethemavailableonlineforchildrenaroundtheworld.M:So,howdoesTheSchoolintheCloudwork?W:Itisquitesimple.Intheself-organizedlearningclassrooms,studentsaregivenabigquestion.Theychoosetheirowngroupsandcanchangegroupsanytime.Groupsareexpectedtopresentwhattheyhavelearnedattheendofeachsession.M:Haveyoucomeacrossanychallenges?W:Quiteoften,infact.We’vehadproblemswithsoundorvision,orevenboth.Andwehavetotrycommunicationbytext.ThereisalsonoguaranteethattheInternetwillalwayswork.Insomeareasthereareshortagesofproperequipment.M:NowGigi,someofourviewerspostedquestionsforyouonourwebsite.Itseemsquiteafewofthemarelookingtojoinyourproject.W:Really?Well,I’dliketosay“welcomeaboard”tothemall.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdoweknowaboutLinda?A.Shetaughtnursing.B.Shelackedcompany.C.Shesetuptheprogram.18.WhatmadeLindaandJessyformapair?A.Theircommoninterest.B.Theirworkexperiences.C.Theireducationbackgrounds.19.Howdothehighschoolstudentshelpelderlypeople?A.Byreadingstories.B.Bychattingwiththem.C.Bydesigningeducationalprograms20.Whatcanwesayabouttheprograms.A.Itisafortune-makingproject.B.Itneedsfurtherimprovements.C.Itisawin-winpractice.【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.C【原文】InCanada,alocalprogramwassetup,whichhasbenefitedbothelderlypeopleandstudents.LindaJones,whousedtobeanurse,is99yearsoldnow.Shefeltlonelybecauseherchildrencouldn’tkeephercompany.Recently,shesignedupforalocalprogramconnectingelderlypeoplewithyoungpeople.Lindaand17-year-oldJessyBrownformedapairbecauseJessyBrownisalsointerestedinthenursingwork.Linda’slifestoryasanurseisinspiringBrown,whoalsowantstobecomeanurse.Forthehighschoolstudentsinvolvedintheprogram,thetimespentwithelderlypeoplecanbeusedtowardvolunteerworkwhichisneededforgraduation.Theyaresupposedtospeakfor30minuteswithelderlypeopleeachweek.Theprogramhasbeenagoodfortunetobothelderlypeopleandhighschoolstudents.Duetovariousreasons,elderlypeoplecan’tmeettheirfamiliesandstudentsarehavingtroublegettingtheirvolunteerhours.Therefore,therehasbeenahugepositiveresponsefrombothofthem.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhistlerTravelGuideSnow-cappedpeaksandpowderedsteeps;sparklinglakesandrushingwaterfalls;challenginghikingroutesandinvitingrestaurants—Whistler’sofferingssuiteveryseason.ThingstodoTheentiretowndisplaystheski-chicatmosphere,hostingdozensofskiandsnowboardcompetitionsandfestivalsannually.Inthewarmermonths,moreoutdoorenthusiastscomeouttoplay.Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.WhileWhistlerisanidealvacationspotfortheactivetypes,othertravelerscanenjoythelocalmuseumsandartgalleriesfilledwithinformativeexhibits.Plus,therearefamily-friendlyactivitiesandattractionslikesummerconcerts,alongwithplentyofshoppingoptions.WhentovisitThebesttimestovisitWhistlerarefromJunethroughAugustandbetweenDecemberandMarch.HowtogetaroundThebestwaystogetaroundWhistlerareonfootorbybike.Or,youcantaketheshuttlebusesfromWhistlerVillage,whichtransportvisitorstoLostLakeParkandtheMarketplace.Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.Whatyouneedtoknow●Whistlerreceivesfeetofsnoweachyear.Ifyou’redrivinginwinter,slowdownandmakesuretorentorcomewithareliableSUV.●SnowslidesarelikelytooccuronBackcountryroutes,soonlyadvancedskiersshouldtaketothisoff-the-maparea.●Whistler’swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.21.WhatareactivetravelersrecommendedtodoinWhistler?A.Bikeupthemountains. B.Hostskicompetitions.C.Goshoppingatthemalls. D.Visitmuseumexhibitions.22.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularamongtravelers?A.WhistlerVillage. B.LostLakePark. C.TheMarketplace. D.WhistlerTrainWreck.23.WhataretravelersprohibitedfromdoinginWhistler?A.DrivingarentedSUV. B.Feedinggrizzlybears.C.Exploringthewilderness. D.SkiingonBackcountryroutes.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇惠斯勒旅游指南，介绍了旅游特色和注意事项等。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.(游客可以尝试徒步旅行或骑自行车上山)”可知，惠斯勒推荐活跃的旅行者骑车上山。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.(同时，拥有一辆车可以让你自由地探索像惠斯勒火车残骸和亚历山大瀑布这样的顶级景点，而不必花很多钱打车)”可知，WhistlerTrainWreck最受游客欢迎。故选D。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一短“Whistler’swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.(惠斯勒的荒野是许多黑熊和灰熊的家园。保持距离，不要喂它们)”可知，旅客在惠斯勒禁止喂灰熊。故选B。B“It’snotunusualforgueststofeelemotionalwhentheydiscoverthestorybehindourfood,”saysPatrickNavis.“Nottomentionwhentheytasteit.Oneevencriedwithhappiness.”Thesettingforthesetearfulscenes?Navis’srestaurantinaDutchcity.Here,theownerandhisteamcreateexperimentalfoodusingherbs,roots,flowersandnuts—somecommon,otherslessso.Mostoftheseingredients(食材)comefromtheKetelbroekFoodForestnearby.Totheuntrainedeye,it’slikeanordinarywood.Butthere’sonekeydifference:everythinginitisedible.Itwassetupin2009byDutchbotanistandenvironmentalistNoahEckasanexperimentinslowfarming,toseewhatwouldhappeniftherightcombinationoffoodplantswerelefttogrowtogetherlikeanaturalforest,withoutchemicals.“It’sthefirst‘foodforest’ofitskindinEuropeandwe’reoneofthefewrestaurantsaroundtheworldcooperatinginthisway,”saysNavis.“Wehaveover400differentspeciesofedibleplantsweplanourmenusaround,includingsomewepreviouslyknewlittleabout.”Heharveststheingredientsand,withhisfellowchefs,worksthemintobeautifullypresentedtastingmenus,servedinadiningroomhiddeninthebackstreetsofthecity,“Tous,finediningisnotaboutthefameofarestaurant,itslocation,expensivedecoration,fancycookingandwinelist,”saysNavis.“It’saboutaddingvaluethroughcreativityandusingingredientsnobodyknowsof,whicharegrownwithgreatattention.”However,headds,luxurycookingcanbeaboutenhancingeverydayingredients,too.“Whenlookingatcookinginthisway,whocanarguethatcaviar(鱼子酱),forexample,ismorevaluablethanacarrotgrownwithspecialistknowledge?”ExperimentationisextremelyimportanttoNavis.Inthenextfiveyears,hehopestoopenanoutdoorrestaurant.Butfornow,themostimportantthingistocontinuefocusingonhowplantsarebeinggrownandtheperennialsystemusedintheFoodForest,reducingtheneedforreplantingeachseason.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutNavis’srestaurant?A.Itiswellreceivedbyitsguests.B.Itservesfoodwithmovingstories.C.Itoffersexperimentalfoodforfree.D.Itisknownforitsrarefoodsources.25.HowisKetelbrockFoodForestdifferentfromordinarywoods?A.Itisanaturalforest. B.Diverseplantscoexistinit.C.Plantstheretakelongertogrow.D.Itprovidessafefoodingredients.26.WhatisthekeyelementoffinediningaccordingtoNavis?A.Convenientlocations.B.Expensiveingredients.C.Innovativemenus.D.Fancycookingtechniques.27.Whatdoes“theperennialsystem”inthelastparagraphprobablyreferto?A.Thesustainablefarmingpractice. B.Farmingwithproperuseofchemicals.C.Naturalfarmingwithouthumanintervention. D.Anexperimentalfarmforanoutdoorrestaurant.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.A【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了PatrickNavis运用Ketelbroek食品森林中的食材来烹饪食物，提供创新性菜单，在客人中受到欢迎的事迹。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段““It’snotunusualforgueststofeelemotionalwhentheydiscoverthestorybehindourfood,”saysPatrickNavis.“Nottomentionwhentheytasteit.Oneevencriedwithhappiness.”Thesettingforthesetearfulscenes?(帕特里克·纳维斯说:“当客人们发现我们的食物背后的故事时，感到激动是很正常的。更不用说他们品尝的时候了。有一个人甚至高兴得哭了。”这些泪流满面的场景是在哪里)”可推知，Navis的餐馆受到客人的欢迎。故选A。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Mostoftheseingredients(食材)comefromtheKetelbroekFoodForestnearby.Totheuntrainedeye,it’slikeanordinarywood.Butthere’sonekeydifference:everythinginitisedible.(这些食材大多来自附近的Ketelbroek食品森林。对于没有受过训练的人来说，它就像一块普通的木头。但有一个关键的区别：里面的所有东西都可以吃）以及最后一句话“Itwassetupin2009byDutchbotanistandenvironmentalistNoahEckasanexperimentinslowfarming,...withoutchemicals.”可知，Ketelbrock食品森林与普通森林不同之处在于，该森林提供安全的食材,故选D。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段““Tous,finediningisnotaboutthefameofarestaurant,itslocation,expensivedecoration,fancycookingandwinelist,”saysNavis.“It’saboutaddingvaluethroughcreativityandusingingredientsnobodyknowsof,whicharegrownwithgreatattention.”(纳维斯说:“对我们来说，好餐厅不在于餐厅的名气、位置、昂贵的装修、高档的烹饪和酒单。它是通过创造性和使用无人知晓的成分来增加价值，这些成分都是经过精心培育的。”)”可知，对于Navis来说，优质餐饮的关键在于创新的菜单。故选C。【27题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“themostimportantthingistocontinuefocusingonhowplantsarebeinggrown(最重要的是继续关注植物是如何生长的)”及后文“reducingtheneedforreplantingeachseason(减少了每个季节重新种植的需要)”可知，Navis认为重要的是可以创造可持续农业，这样就不用每个季节重新种植，划线词与A选项“可持续农业实践”意思一致。故选A。CAbout5,300yearsago,peoplefromthegrasslandsofmodern-dayRussiaandUkraineexpandedrapidlyacrossEurasia.Withinafewcenturiesthese“Yamnaya”leftalastinggeneticmarkonpopulationsfromcentralEuropetotheCaspianSea.Today,archaeologistscallthem“easterncowboys”fortheirlivestockherding(畜牧)andhighlymobilelifestyle.Butonepartoftheclassiccowboypicturewasmissing:horsebackriding.AlthoughcattlebonesandsolidcarriageshavebeenfoundinYamnayasites,horsebonesarehardtofind,andmostarchaeologistsassumedpeopledidnotstarttoridehorsesuntilatleast1,000yearslater.InanewstudypublishedinScienceAdvances,researcherssaythey’vefoundtheearliestevidenceofhorsebackridingnotinthebonesofancienthorses,butintheirYamnayariders.“Everyonehasfocusedonhorseremainstogetanideaofearlyhorseriding,”saysco-authorandUniversityofHelsinkiarchaeologistVolkerHeyd.“Ourapproachwastolookathumans.”Theresearcherslookedatmorethan150bonesunearthedinRomania,Hungary,andBulgaria—thewesternfrontierofYamnayaexpansion.TheYamnayawerewell-fed,healthy,andtall;thechemicalcompositionoftheirbonesshowedproteinrichdietsconsistentwithherdingcattleandsheep.Butthebonesshowedsignsofdistinctivewearandtear.Theyalsoshowedthickspotsonthelegboneconsistentwithlotsoftimespentonthehorseback.Healedinjuriesmatchedthekindsofdamageakickinghorsemightcause,orwhatsportsmedicinedoctorstodayseeinridersthrownfromtheirhorses.“Intermsoftryingtoidentifypeopleridinghorses,Ithinkthey’vedonethebestjobpossiblebioarchaeologically,”saysbioarchaeologistJaneBuikstra.“Thatdoesn’tmeanit’sperfect,orconvincing,ultimately.”Moresamples—includinghorseboneswithsignsofriding,suchasbitmarksorbackbonedamagefromtheweightofarider—wouldhelpmakethecase,saysCUbioarchaeologistLaurenHosek.Whatthegrouphasfound“isreallyinteresting”,shesays.“Butthere’salotmoreworktobedonewhentherisksofdrawingthefinalconclusionareashighastheearliesthorseriding.”28.Whyarethearchaeologistslookingforthehorsebones?A.ToprovetheYamnaya’srapidexpansion.B.ToconfirmtheYamnaya’sherdingvariety.C.TofurtherunderstandthelifestyleofYamnaya.D.Totracetheoriginoftheclassiccowboypicture.29.HowisVolkerHeyd’sresearchdifferentfromothers?A.Itincludesfieldtrips.B.Itfocusesonhumanbones.C.Itisbasedonhorseremains.D.Itcomparesthecompositionsofbones.30.WhatdoweknowabouttheYamnayafromParagraph4?A.Theirbonesboretheevidenceofhorseriding.B.ManyYamnayapeoplediedfromhorsekicks.C.Theirlifestyleofherdingledtosevereinjuries.D.TheymainlylivedinRomania,HungaryandBulgaria.31.WhatisLaurenHosek’sattitudetotheresearchfindings?A.Objective.B.Favorable.C.Disapproving.D.Unclear.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的考古研究从古代颜那亚骑手的骨头上，而非古代马的骨头上，发现了颜那亚人最早的骑马证据。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中VolkerHeyd所说的话“Everyonehasfocusedonhorseremainstogetanideaofearlyhorseriding(每个人都把注意力集中在马的遗骸上，以了解早期的骑马活动)”可知，考古学家寻找马骨是为了进一步了解颜那亚人的骑马活动，即他们的生活方式。故选C项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中VolkerHeyd所说的话“Ourapproachwastolookathumans.(我们的方法是观察人类。)”可知，VolkerHeyd的研究不同于其他研究的地方在于该研究从人类入手，专注于人类的骨头。故选B项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Butthebonesshowedsignsofdistinctivewearandtear.Theyalsoshowedthickspotsonthelegboneconsistentwithlotsoftimespentonthehorseback.Healedinjuriesmatchedthekindsofdamageakickinghorsemightcause,orwhatsportsmedicinedoctorstodayseeinridersthrownfromtheirhorses.(但这些骨头显示出明显的磨损迹象。它们还展示了腿骨上的厚厚的斑点，这与在马背上待了很长时间一致。愈合的伤口与被马踢伤可能造成的伤害相匹配，或者与今天运动医学医生看到的骑手从马上摔下来的情况相匹配。)”可知，这些颜那亚骑手骨头上的情况与骑马活动及受伤的情况相匹配。由此可知，他们的骨头显示了骑马的痕迹。故选A项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whatthegrouphasfound“isreallyinteresting”,shesays.“Butthere’salotmoreworktobedonewhentherisksofdrawingthefinalconclusionareashighastheearliesthorseriding.”(她说，研究小组的发现“非常有趣”。“但是，当得出最终结论的风险与最早的骑马一样高时，还有很多工作要做。”)”可知，LaurenHosek既肯定了该研究发现的价值，也提出了需要谨慎对待该研究发现，去开展更多的工作。由此推知，她对该研究发现的态度是客观的（objective）。故选A项。DAgroupofsmall,wiggling(扭动)robotsthatcommunicatebyflashinglightscanmakecollectivedecisions.Thisissimilartotheprocessbeesusetoreachaconsensus（共识）onwheretobuildtheirnest.“Webelievethatinthenearfuturetherearegoingtobesimplerobotsthatwilldojobsthatwedon’twanttodo,anditwillbeveryimportantthattheymakedecisionsinanautonomousmanner,”saysCarmenMiguelattheUniversityofBarcelonainSpain.Sheandherteamtestedhowimitatingbeesmighthelpwiththat.Whenbeesgohouse-hunting,theycommunicatetheirpreferredlocationsthrougha“wiggledance”.Themoreabeerecommendsonelocation,thelongerandharderitwiggles.Eventuallyotherbeesjointhem,andtheyreachaconsensuswhenamajorityarewigglingtogether.Researcherspreviouslytranslatedthisbehaviorintoamathematicalmodel,andMiguelandhercolleaguesusedittoprogramdecision-makingrulesintosmallrobotscalledkilobots.Eachkilobotwiththreethinlegshadaninfrared-lightemitter(红外线发射器)andreceiver,andacoloredLEDlight.Withinagroup,kilobotscouldmovearound,turnclockwiseoranticlockwiseanduseinfraredsignalstoexchangeinformation.EzequielFerreroattheUniversityofBarcelonasaysthatacrossalltheexperiments,kilobotsreachedaconsensuswithinabouthalfanhour,evenwhentheydidn’thavemanyimmediateneighborstocommunicatewith.Hesaysthatgettingtherightcombinationofhowlongtheyspendtransmittingtheirmessageandhowmuchtheywalkaroundallowedthemtomakeacollectivedecisionintheend.32．Howdobeesagreewitheachotheraboutwheretoconstructanewhome?A．Bydoingagroupdance. B．Byimitatingsimplerobots.C．Bygivingoutflashinglights. D．Byadvisingafavouredplace.33．Whatdidtheteamdotoenablekilobotstobecomesmart?A．Theyexposedkilobotstorealbees.B．Theyequippedkilobotswiththinlegs.C．Theyputaprogrammeintokilobots. D．Theybuiltaspecialmathematicalmodel.34．What’sthekeyelementforkilobotstomakegroupjudgement?A．Doingmorepracticalexperiments. B．Havingenoughcompanionsaround.C．Combiningdifferentfiguresaccurately. D．Sendingbriefmessagesautomatically.35．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．Beesarenaturalwiggledancers.B．Robotslearntodancebyimitatingbees.C．Wiggledancesmeanalotincommunication.D．Robotsreachaconsensusbyimitatingbeeswiggling.【答案】32．A33.C34.C35．D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一组小型机器人通过模仿蜜蜂的舞蹈来做出集体决策。32．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Whenbeesgohouse-hunting,theycommunicatetheirpreferredlocationsthrougha“wiggledance”.Themoreabeerecommendsonelocation,thelongerandharderitwiggles.(当蜜蜂去找房子时，它们通过“摆动舞”来交流自己喜欢的位置。蜜蜂越推荐一个地方，它摆动的时间就越长，越用力)”可知，蜜蜂通过集体舞蹈来同意在哪里建设新家。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Researcherspreviouslytranslatedthisbehaviorintoamathematicalmodel,andMiguelandhercolleaguesusedittoprogramdecision-makingrulesintosmallrobotscalledkilobots.(研究人员之前将这种行为转化为数学模型，米格尔和她的同事利用它将决策规则编程到名为“kilobots”的小型机器人中)”可知，研究团队人员通过在kilobots里安装编程程序使其变聪明。故选C。34．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Hesaysthatgettingtherightcombinationofhowlongtheyspendtransmittingtheirmessageandhowmuchtheywalkaroundallowedthemtomakeacollectivedecisionintheend.(他说，正确地结合他们花多长时间传递信息和他们走了多少路，最终可以让他们做出集体决定)”可知，kilobots能做出集体决定的关键因素在于它们准确地组合不同的数字。故选C。35．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Agroupofsmall,wiggling(扭动)robotsthatcommunicatebyflashinglightscanmakecollectivedecisions.Thisissimilartotheprocessbeesusetoreachaconsensusonwheretobuildtheirnest.(一群通过闪光进行交流的小型移动机器人可以做出集体决策。这类似于蜜蜂在筑巢地点上达成一致的过程)”可知，本文主要讲述了一组小型机器人通过模仿蜜蜂的舞蹈来做出集体决策，D选项“机器人通过模仿蜜蜂的摆动达成共识”最好地概括全文，为最佳标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Olympicmedalsareamongthemostrespectedhonorsinthesportingworld,symbolizingnotonlyathleticvictory,butalsotherichhistory,finecraftsmanship,andlongstandingtraditionsoftheGames. 36Aretheymadeentirelyofgold,silver,andbronze?AndwhatmakestheParis2024Olympicmedalsspecial?Originally,Olympicwinnersin776BCEwerehonoredwitholivewreaths(橄榄花环)ratherthanmedals.Theconceptofmedalsasweknowthemtodayfirstemergedatthe1896AthensGames.However,solidgoldmedalswerenolongerawardedafter1912. 37Asaresult,theInternationalOlympicCommitteelaterupdatedtheregulationsregardingmedalcompositionanddesign.Moderngoldmedalsareprimarilycomposedof92.5%silverwithasix-gramgoldplatingforappearance. 38Theycontainatleast92.5%puresilver,andbronzemedalsconsistof95%copperand5%zinc(锌).Thismixtureensuresthemedals’longevityandmakesthemcheaper.AnOlympicgoldmedalmaybeworthover£500,butitsvaluetoathletesgoesbeyonditsfinancialworth. 39Forinstance,the2012LondonOlympicsmedalsfeaturedtheRiverThamesandLondonskyline.Rio2016focusedonsustainabilitybyusingleftovermirrorsandX-rayplates.Tokyo2020medals,madefromrecycledelectronics,emphasizedtechnologicalinnovation.FortheParis2024Olympics,themedalsareparticularlydistinctive.Eachfeaturesahexagon(六边形)withtheParis2024logoononesideandNike,theGreekgoddessofvictory,infrontoftheEiffelTowerontheother. 40AsThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,stated,“ThesemedalsofferathletesaphysicalpieceofParistotakehome.”A.Puregoldissoftandeasilydamaged.B.Whenwerethesemedalsfirstintroduced?C.Whoisresponsiblefordesigningthemedals?D.Silvermedals,bycontrast,liveuptotheirnames.E.Withthesesymbols,theyhonorthehistoryoftheOlympics.F.Uniquetothisyear,themedalsusemetalfromtheEiffelTower.G.Thedesignofmedalsreflectsthehostcity’sdistinctstyleandvalues.【答案】36.B37.A38.D39.G40.F【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了奥运会奖牌的历史、材质以及2024届伦敦奥运会奖牌的特点。【36题详析】根据空后“Aretheymadeentirelyofgold,silver,andbronze?AndwhatmakestheParis2024Olympicmedalsspecial?(它们是用金、银和青铜制成的吗？是什么让2024年巴黎奥运会的奖牌与众不同？)”可知，后文提出了与奥运奖牌相关的问题，故此空应与后文排比，同样设问，且根据文章第二段内容“Theconceptofmedalsasweknowthemtodayfirstemergedatthe1896AthensGames.(奖牌的概念首先出现在1896年雅典奥运会。)”可知，文章第二段在解释此空提出的问题，故B项“这些奖牌于什么时候首次引入的呢？”符合，故选B项。【37题详析】根据空前“However,solidgoldmedalswerenolongerawardedafter1912.(然而，自1912年后，不再颁发纯金牌。)”和空后“Asaresult,theInternationalOlympicCommitteelaterupdatedtheregulationsregardingmedalcompositionanddesign.(结果，后来国际奥委会更新了关于金牌成分和设计的规则。)”可知，空前提到不再颁发纯金牌，空后又提出了关于金牌成分和设计规则的改变，故A项“纯金很软，容易损坏。”符合，承接前文不再颁发纯金牌的原因，又引出空后修改金牌的成分和设计的规则，故选A项。【38题详析】根据空前“Moderngoldmedalsareprimarilycomposedof92.5%silverwithasix-gramgoldplatingforappearance.(现代金牌主要由92.5%的银和六克镀金组成。)”可知，空前解释了金牌的成分，且根据空后“Theycontainatleast92.5%puresilver(它们含有至少92.5%的纯银。)”可知，空后提出了银的成分，故D项“相比之下，银牌是名副其实的。”符合，与前文构成对比，金牌由92.5%的银和六克镀金组成，相比之下，银牌是名副其实的，它们含有至少92.5%的纯银，且空后的They指代D项中的Silvermedals，故选D项。【39题详析】根据空后“Forinstance,the2012LondonOlympicsmedalsfeaturedtheRiverThamesandLondonskyline.Rio2016focusedonsustainabilitybyusingleftovermirrorsandX-rayplates.Tokyo2020medals,madefromrecycledelectronics,emphasizedtechnologicalinnovation.(例如，2012年伦敦奥运会奖牌