2024年浙江省杭州市紫金港中学中考英语一模试卷

第1页（共1页）2024年浙江省杭州市紫金港中学中考英语一模试卷一、听力第一节听小对话，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，回答问题。1．（1分）Whichsigndothespeakerssee？A.B.C.2．（1分）Whichsubjectdoestheboyhaveproblemswith？A.Math.B.English.C.History.3．（1分）Howwillthewomangettotheairport？A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.4．（1分）WhenwillthemangettoGuangzhou？A.At9：15a.m.B.At10：45a.m.C.At11：05a.m.5．（1分）Whatdoesthemanmean？A.Danieldidterriblyinhisnewmovie.B.Danielhasimprovedhisactingskills.C.Danielshouldteachactingintheuniversity.第二节听较长对话，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，回答问题。6．（2分）（1）Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout？A.Abook.B.Awriter.C.Aboy.（2）What'stheboy'sadviceforthegirl？A.Sheshouldstopreading.B.Sheshouldrelaxhereyes.C.Sheshouldtakesomerisks.7．（3分）（1）WhoisKate？A.Thewoman'sdaughter.B.Theman'sdaughter.C.Theman'ssister.（2）WhatdoesKatelooklikenow？A.She'stallwithlonghair.B.She'sshortwithlonghair.C.She'stallwithshorthair.（3）WhendidthewomanlastseeKate？A.Twoyearsago.B.LastJuly.C.Twomonthsago.第三节听独白，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，回答问题。8．（10分）（1）Whatisthespeakerworriedabout？A.Howtofindapenpal.B.Whattowritetoherpenpal.C.Whichpenpaltowriteto.（2）Howdidthespeakergettheinformationofherpenpal？A.BysurfingtheInternet.B.Byreadinganewspaper.C.Throughherteacher.（3）Whereisthespeakernow？A.InEngland.B.InChina.C.InAustralia.（4）Whatcanweknowaboutthespeaker'sfamily？A.Herbigbrotherlostatooth.B.Herfamilygotanewcat.C.Herparentsworkinaschool.（5）Whatmightthespeakerprobablyhavedifficultyin？A.Makingadecision.B.Makingnewfriends.C.WritinginEnglish.二、阅读理解阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。9．（6分）Hello，boysandgirls!Nicetoseeyouagaininourartclub.Todaywearegoingtolearnaboutanewartform.ItwascreatedbyanAmericanartistHaring.Heisgoodatdifferentkindsofscrawling（涂鸦）.Nowlet'smakesomeHaringsportsscenes.Pleasefollowtheinstructions.Ifyouhaveanyquestions，letmeknow.（1）TherearestepstomakeaHaringsportsfigurebeforeaddinginmoredetails.A.fiveB.sixC.sevenD.eight（2）Wedon'tneedfromStep2toStep4.A.scissorsB.tacksC.glueD.cards（3）Inthisperiodoftheartclubactivities，youprobablymakesomeposes.A.runningB.thinkingC.singingD.drawing10．（8分）TheMogaoCavesareaveryspecialplaceinChina，whicharelocatedinDunhuang，GansuProvince.TheMogaoCavesarethousandsofyearsoldandwerelistedasaworldheritage（遗产）sitebyUNESCOin1987.Manypeople，includingarchaeologists（考古学家）andresearchers，workhardtotakecareoftheMogaoCavesandlearnmoreaboutthem.FanJinshiisoneofthem.FanwasborninBeijingonJuly9，1938.HerfatherwasagraduateofTsinghuaUniversityandhadastronginterestinChineseclassicalartandculture.Influencedbyherfather，Fanlikedvisitingmuseumswhenshewasinmiddleschool.WiththegreatloveofChineseculture，shestudiedinthearchaeologydepartmentinPekingUniversityandgraduatedin1963.ThenshestartedworkingatDunhuangandhasworkedthereeversince.Shespendsalmost60yearstakingcareofDunhuang.Peoplecallherthe"DaughterofDunhuang".OnMay4，2023，"DaughterofDunhuang"FanJinshireturnedtoPekingUniversityandbroughtback10millionRMBdonationstosetuptheFanJinshiEducationFund（基金）to▲."Moneymadeshouldbespentintherightway.Peoplecannotonlythinkofthemselves，"shesaid."HopefullythesettingoftheFundcanhelpDunhuangstudiesattheuniversity，soitcanraiseculturalconfidenceandstrength."（1）HowlonghasFanJinshiworkedatDunhuang？A．Foralmostfortyyears.B．Forabouteightyyears.C．Foralmostsixtyyears.D．Foroverseventyyears.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph2referto？A．Archaeologists.B．TheMogaoCaves.C．Researchers.D．Worldheritagesites.（3）Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinto"▲"inParagraph5？A．tellpeoplemoreaboutDunhuangandteachtheclassicalartB．takecareoftheMogaoCavesandlearnmoreaboutthemC．supporttheresearchofDunhuangstudiesatPekingUniversityD．helptakecareofDunhuangandgetpicturesforthemuseum（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage？A．ProtectingDunhuangB．FanJinshi："DaughterofDunhuang"C．HelpingDunhuangStudiesD．AGreatDaughter11．（8分）Twoyearsago，Iwassittinginmycarwaitinginlineforpayingthetoll（通行费）.WhenIfinallyreachedthetollstation，thetollstationworkertoldmethatthepersoninfronthadpaidformeandIwasfreetogo.Iwassoshocked.Ididn'tneedtosavethe5dollars.Iwouldneverknowwhohewas.Iwastiredoftheheavytrafficandthelongline，andthatbehaviorwassurprisingandunbelievable，whichreallytouchedmyheart.SoIdecidedtopayforthenextcarwaitinginline.ThefirsttimeItriedtopayforwardthetoll，Ikeptlookingintomyrear﹣viewmirror（后视镜）toseewhoI'dbepayingfor.Inthemirror，Isawatired﹣lookingtaxidriver.AndIfeltsatisfiedthatmymoneywouldbegoingtoagoodplace.Butbeforewegottothetollstation，thetaxidriverhadsuddenlychangedhiswayandnowtherewassomeoneelsebehindme.Shelookedupsetandwasgesturing（打手势）angrilyinaconversationwithherfriend.Iwasn'twillingtobepayingforawomanlikethatandwascertainlyjudgingherbywhatIwasseeinginthemirror.Anyway，Ipaidthetollforbothofusandleft.ThirtysecondslaterIwassurprisedtohearahonk（汽车喇叭声）.Itwasthewomanandherfriendwavingatmefromtheotherway!Shelookedcheerfulandhappy.Shewasn'twhatIthoughtshewaslike.ThiswasavaluablelessonthatIshouldn'tjudgepeoplesoquickly.Afterall，Idon'tknowtheirstories.（1）Whopaidforthewriter？A．Acaringstranger.B．Aclosefriend.C．Adisappointedwoman.D．Thetollstationworker.（2）Whydidthewriterpayforwardthetoll？A．Becausehedidn'tneedtosavemoney.B．Becausehewantedtopassonthekindness.C．Becausehewassatisfiedwiththetaxidriver.D．Becausehemadeamistakebecauseofthetiredness.（3）WhatistheCORRECTorderofthefollowingstatementsaccordingtothepassage？①Thewritersawanupsetandangrywomanbutstillpaidforher.②Thewriterdecidedtopayforwardthetollforataxidriver.③Thewritersawthewomanandchangedhisjudgement.④Thepersoninfrontofthewriterpaidforhim.A．①③②④B．②④①③C．④②③①D．④②①③（4）Whatdoweknowaboutthewriterfromthepassage？A．Hedislikedthewomanintheend.B．Hewarmlyhelpedthetaxidriver.C．Hegladlypaidforthewoman.D．Hechangedhisfeelingstowardsthewoman.12．（8分）Howwasyoursleeplastnight？Sleepisimportantforhealth.Howcanwehaveahealthysleep？Takealookatsomeadvice.WakeupnaturallyWakinguptoaringingalarmisneverfun.Studiesshowthatwhenyougetshockedbythealarm，yourbreathingwillgoup，yourheartwillhavemorebeatsandyourbloodpressurewillrise."Thisisaveryunhappywaytostarttheday，"sleepscientistWhitneyRobansaid."You'llfeelworseifyougobacktosleepafewmoreminutes.It'simportanttofollowyourbody'snaturalsleep﹣wakecycle."Sowhatshouldwedo？Trytouseanalarmwithsofterandlowersounds.Orleaveacrack（缝隙）inthecurtains（窗帘）—therisingsunwillwakeyouup.SleepearlyandgetupearlySomeyoungpeoplemaygotobedlateandgetuplate，suchassleepingfrom2a.m.to10a.m.Theythinkaslongastheyhaveeighthoursofsleep，everythingwillbefine.Butinfact，ourbodiescantelltime.Theyuselightandtemperaturetodoso.Ifwewakeuptoolate，ourbodiesmightfeelstuckbetweensleepandbeingawake.That'swhysometimeswefeelevenmoretiredafteroversleeping.（1）Accordingtostudies，whatwillhappentoourbodiesifanalarmwakesusupsuddenly？A．Ourheartswillbeatfaster.B．Wemaybreathemoreslowly.C．Ourbodytemperatureswillgoup.D．Wewillhavelowerbloodpressure.（2）WhichofthefollowingmayWhitneyRobanagree？A．Tryingtouseanalarmwithloudersounds.B．Goingbacktosleepagainafterwakingup.C．Readingmagazinesonlinebeforegoingtobed.D．Wakingupnaturallywiththehelpofthesun.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？A．It'sOKtogotobedlateaslongasyougetenoughsleep.B．It'snecessaryforpeopletooversleep.C．Oversleepingalwaysmakesusfeelhappy.D．Peopleshouldgotobedearlyandgetupearly.（4）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A．Whypeopleshouldgetenoughsleep.B．Whypeoplehavesleepingproblems.C．Howtohaveahealthysleep.D．Howtowakeupinanaturalway.阅读材料，从方框中所给的A—E五个选项中选择小标题（其中有一项是多余选项），将其序号填入，并回答问题。13．（10分）Haveyoueverbeentoazoo？Doyouknowhowmuchfoodalltheanimalsinthezooneedinoneday？Actually，manyzoosarelackofmoney.Sohowdotheygetmoremoney？Let'shavealook.（1）ShanghaiWildlifeParklive﹣streamseverymorningtoshowhowtheanimalslive.Thousandsofpeoplewatchpandaseatingbamboo.Sofar，thezoohasnearly3.5millionfans.（2）NanjingHongshanForestZoogetshelpfromonlineadoption.It'sanewwayformorepeopletocareaboutanimals.About150animalshavebeenadopted（收养）.（3）BeijingZoohasbroughtoutice﹣creamsintheshapeofelephants，giraffesandpandas.Italsomakesstuffed（有柔软填充物的）toyswiththeimageoftigers.（4）NantongForestSafariParkmadeamonkeynamedKaiSabecomeastar.ThousandsofKaiSa'sfanshaveboughtthezoo'sannualmembershipcards（年卡）andvisititeveryweekend.A．OnlineadoptionB．SellcardsofanimalsC．Live﹣streamanimalsD．MakeculturalandcreativeproductsE.Createanimalstars（5）Inwhichwaywouldyouliketohelpthezoo？Why？（40词以内）三、英语知识运用第一节完形填空通读短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。14．（15分）Recently，IwentouttoabarwithmyfriendNicole.Ididn'tactuallyknow（1）wellaswehadonlymetonceatameeting.WhenIfoundmyselfinhertown，wedecidedto（2）up.Sinceweknewlittleabouteachother，wesharedourstories，andsheaskedmemanyquestionsaboutmy（3）.WhenansweringherquestionsaboutwhatIhadlearnedinmytravels，ItoldNicolethattravelhadgreatlyimprovedmyabilityto"（4）"peopleandsituations."Oh？OK.Readmy（5）overthere，"shechallengedme.SoIofferedhermyopinionsaboutherfriendsandtheotherpeopleinthebar.（6）didIdo？IaskedwhenIhadfinished."Wow!"Shewasshocked.YoumightwanttoknowhowIwasabletogetthosepeopleright.Forsure，I（7）nothingaboutmindgames.Ijudgedtheirpersonalitiessimplybyreadingtheirbodylanguage，facialexpressions，dress，andthe（8）theytalkedwithoneanother.Ihadtraveled（9）before.WhenIwastraveling，I（10）alwaysunderstandwhatpeopleweretryingtosaytomeasmostofthemdidn'tspeakEnglish.Non﹣verbal（非言语的）communicationbecameveryimportant.Wheneverwords（11），Idependedonpeople'sfacialexpressions.（12）watchinghowpeoplebehaved，Itriedto（13）howtheyfeltaboutsomething.Thetone（音调）inpeople'svoiceswasquitehelpful，too.ThemoreItraveledandthemoreItalkedwithdifferentpeople，the（14）Ibecameat"reading"people.Ifyoutravelwidely，youwillbeabletodevelopthis（15），too.（1）A．itB．himC．herD．you（2）A．meetB．lookC．takeD．come（3）A．workB．hometownC．parentsD．travels（4）A．readB．findC．danceD．write（5）A．sistersB．brothersC．cousinsD．friends（6）A．WhatB．HowC．WhyD．When（7）A．reducedB．punishedC．knewD．had（8）A．riskB．wayC．decisionD．smell（9）A．alittleB．afewC．abitD．alot（10）A．shouldn'tB．couldn'tC．needn'tD．mustn't（11）A．failedB．lostC．gotD．left（12）A．ForB．OnC．ByD．In（13）A．handoutB．workoutC．giveoutD．carryout（14）A．lessB．moreC．worseD．better（15）A．toolB．hobbyC．abilityD．life阅读材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。15．（10分）Itseemsthatoneverystreetcornerintheworld，thereisafast﹣foodrestaurant.Peopleeverywherearebusy，（1）theydonotwanttowaitfortheirfood.Aroundtheworld，＄240billionayear（2）（spend）onfastfood.Yet，eventhoughfastfoodhasbecomequitepopular，therearemanymythsaboutit.Thefirstmythisthatfastfoodisarecent（3）（invent）.Thisisnottrue.（4）（many）than2，000yearsago，thepeopleofRomelinedupinthestreettobuyquick（5）（meal）atsmallstands.Onetypeoftheirmostpopularfastfoodlookedalot（6）amodernhamburger.Allthroughhistory，peoplehavealwayseatenfastfood.ThesecondmythisthatallfastfoodisAmerican.Whilemanymodernfast﹣foodrestaurantsareAmerican，somevery（7）（tradition）Chinesefoodisnearlyfastfood.Thisincludesmantou，noodlesandChinesedumplings.Infact，oneofthemostpopularfast﹣foodchains（连锁店）intheUSA（8）（be）aChinesefoodchain，PandaExpress.Ithasmorethan1，600restaurantsinAmerica.Finally，manypeoplethinkthatfastfoodisalwaysbadforthem.Thisistrueforalotoffastfood.（9），nearlyeveryfast﹣foodrestauranthassomehealthyfoodonitsmenu，andsomefast﹣foodrestaurantsonlymakehealthyfood.Theproblemisnotfastfood，butthechoiceswemake.Wecanchoose（10）（eat）healthyfood，evenatfast﹣foodrestaurants.四、写作词汇运用用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，每个单词或短语仅用一次。16．（5分）time，fall，careful，problem，atleastTeethCareChina'sTeethCareDay（1）onSeptember20th.InWangBin'sclass，elevenstudentshavetooth（2）whichbringthemalotoftrouble.Forabadtooth，youusuallyhavetoseethedentistthreeorfour（3）.Tohavehealthyteeth，brushthem（4）twiceaday.Ifyoucan，brushthemaftereverymeal.Brushyourteeth（5）.Spendfourminutesormoreeachtime.根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。17．（10分）"Weallhavesufferedfromairpollution.Ifwedon'tcallforanendtofirecrackers，theenvironmentwillgetworseandworseinthe（1）（未来），"saidZhangWei.Heputupanoticeinhisneighborhood.Inthenotice，hecalledonmorepeopletosetofffewerfirecrackers（2）thisyear'sSpringFestival.LotsofparentsagreedwithZhangWei.Theysaidthattheyhatedthenoiseoffirecrackers.Thenoiseoftenwokeuptheirbabies（3）e.Andthebabiesreallyneededapeacefulplacetoget（4）（足够的）sleep.MoreandmoreChinesepeoplearelookingforwardtocelebratingtheholidayingreenerways.Manypeopledecidenottosetofffirecrackersandtheydecidenotto（5）food.Theythinkthatthenewwaysarefashionable."Myfamilydidn'tbuyfirecrakersthisyear.I（6），wegavethemoneyawaytoacharity.It'sgoodfortheenvironmentandthecharity，"theInternetuser"Fighter"（7）（写）ontheblog.Inmyopinion，it'sveryimportantforustocelebrateourtraditionalfestival—theSpringFestival.Butit'smoreimportantto（8）（减少）airpollutionandprotectourenvironment.Wehadbetterexpressourcheerfulfeelingsandbestwishesin（9）（更环保的）ways.WeneedmorepeoplelikeZhangWeior"Fighter"whouseselectronicwayslikeQQ，WeChatorBlogtospreadtheideasofenvironmentalprotection.I（10）（相信）moreandmorepeoplewilljointhemandourenvironmentwillgetbetterandbetter.书面表达18．（20分）当前中小学生近视率居高不下，对于中小学生的近视问题，你有何看法和建议？请你根据下面的提示，写一篇短文，说明近视的原因并告诉大家如何保护视力。要求：（1）包含提示中的所有要点，语言表达准确，语句通顺，可适当发挥；（2）词数80—100；（3）请勿在文中出现真实的姓名、校名及地名。________

2024年浙江省杭州市紫金港中学中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、听力第一节听小对话，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，回答问题。1．（1分）Whichsigndothespeakerssee？A.B.C.【解答】略2．（1分）Whichsubjectdoestheboyhaveproblemswith？A.Math.B.English.C.History.【解答】略3．（1分）Howwillthewomangettotheairport？A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.【解答】略4．（1分）WhenwillthemangettoGuangzhou？A.At9：15a.m.B.At10：45a.m.C.At11：05a.m.【解答】略5．（1分）Whatdoesthemanmean？A.Danieldidterriblyinhisnewmovie.B.Danielhasimprovedhisactingskills.C.Danielshouldteachactingintheuniversity.【解答】略第二节听较长对话，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，回答问题。6．（2分）（1）Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout？A.Abook.B.Awriter.C.Aboy.（2）What'stheboy'sadviceforthegirl？A.Sheshouldstopreading.B.Sheshouldrelaxhereyes.C.Sheshouldtakesomerisks.【解答】略7．（3分）（1）WhoisKate？A.Thewoman'sdaughter.B.Theman'sdaughter.C.Theman'ssister.（2）WhatdoesKatelooklikenow？A.She'stallwithlonghair.B.She'sshortwithlonghair.C.She'stallwithshorthair.（3）WhendidthewomanlastseeKate？A.Twoyearsago.B.LastJuly.C.Twomonthsago.【解答】略第三节听独白，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，回答问题。8．（10分）（1）Whatisthespeakerworriedabout？A.Howtofindapenpal.B.Whattowritetoherpenpal.C.Whichpenpaltowriteto.（2）Howdidthespeakergettheinformationofherpenpal？A.BysurfingtheInternet.B.Byreadinganewspaper.C.Throughherteacher.（3）Whereisthespeakernow？A.InEngland.B.InChina.C.InAustralia.（4）Whatcanweknowaboutthespeaker'sfamily？A.Herbigbrotherlostatooth.B.Herfamilygotanewcat.C.Herparentsworkinaschool.（5）Whatmightthespeakerprobablyhavedifficultyin？A.Makingadecision.B.Makingnewfriends.C.WritinginEnglish.【解答】略二、阅读理解阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。9．（6分）Hello，boysandgirls!Nicetoseeyouagaininourartclub.Todaywearegoingtolearnaboutanewartform.ItwascreatedbyanAmericanartistHaring.Heisgoodatdifferentkindsofscrawling（涂鸦）.Nowlet'smakesomeHaringsportsscenes.Pleasefollowtheinstructions.Ifyouhaveanyquestions，letmeknow.（1）ThereareDstepstomakeaHaringsportsfigurebeforeaddinginmoredetails.A.fiveB.sixC.sevenD.eight（2）Wedon'tneedCfromStep2toStep4.A.scissorsB.tacksC.glueD.cards（3）Inthisperiodoftheartclubactivities，youprobablymakesomeAposes.A.runningB.thinkingC.singingD.drawing【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据图片可知文中共提到创作Haring风格的运动场景的8个步骤。故选D。（2）推理判断题。根据图片2Drawthehead，twobentandtwostraightarmsandlegs.（画一个头，两条弯曲的手臂和腿，两条直的手臂和腿。），图片3Carefullycutoutalloftheseshapeswithscissors.（小心地用剪刀剪出所有这些图案。），图片4Putthemintoasportyposeandtackthemtocoloredpaper.（把它们摆出运动的造型，用图钉固定在彩色纸上。）可知这三步没有用到胶水。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据第一段Nowlet'smakesomeHaringsportsscenes.（让我们做一些Haring风格的运动场景。）可知在这个活动中，可以摆出一些跑步造型。故选A。10．（8分）TheMogaoCavesareaveryspecialplaceinChina，whicharelocatedinDunhuang，GansuProvince.TheMogaoCavesarethousandsofyearsoldandwerelistedasaworldheritage（遗产）sitebyUNESCOin1987.Manypeople，includingarchaeologists（考古学家）andresearchers，workhardtotakecareoftheMogaoCavesandlearnmoreaboutthem.FanJinshiisoneofthem.FanwasborninBeijingonJuly9，1938.HerfatherwasagraduateofTsinghuaUniversityandhadastronginterestinChineseclassicalartandculture.Influencedbyherfather，Fanlikedvisitingmuseumswhenshewasinmiddleschool.WiththegreatloveofChineseculture，shestudiedinthearchaeologydepartmentinPekingUniversityandgraduatedin1963.ThenshestartedworkingatDunhuangandhasworkedthereeversince.Shespendsalmost60yearstakingcareofDunhuang.Peoplecallherthe"DaughterofDunhuang".OnMay4，2023，"DaughterofDunhuang"FanJinshireturnedtoPekingUniversityandbroughtback10millionRMBdonationstosetuptheFanJinshiEducationFund（基金）to▲."Moneymadeshouldbespentintherightway.Peoplecannotonlythinkofthemselves，"shesaid."HopefullythesettingoftheFundcanhelpDunhuangstudiesattheuniversity，soitcanraiseculturalconfidenceandstrength."（1）HowlonghasFanJinshiworkedatDunhuang？CA．Foralmostfortyyears.B．Forabouteightyyears.C．Foralmostsixtyyears.D．Foroverseventyyears.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph2referto？BA．Archaeologists.B．TheMogaoCaves.C．Researchers.D．Worldheritagesites.（3）Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinto"▲"inParagraph5？CA．tellpeoplemoreaboutDunhuangandteachtheclassicalartB．takecareoftheMogaoCavesandlearnmoreaboutthemC．supporttheresearchofDunhuangstudiesatPekingUniversityD．helptakecareofDunhuangandgetpicturesforthemuseum（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage？BA．ProtectingDunhuangB．FanJinshi："DaughterofDunhuang"C．HelpingDunhuangStudiesD．AGreatDaughter【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段"ThenshestartedworkingatDunhuangandhasworkedthereeversince.Shespendsalmost60yearstakingcareofDunhuang."（然后她开始在敦煌工作，从那以后一直在那里工作。她花了近60年的时间照顾敦煌。）可知，樊锦诗在敦煌工作了约六十年。故选C。（2）代词指代题。根据第二段"Manypeople，includingarchaeologists（考古学家）andresearchers，workhardtotakecareoftheMogaoCavesandlearnmoreaboutthem."（许多人，包括考古学家和研究人员，努力照顾莫高窟，并对它们有更多的了解。）可知，them代指的是前面提到的theMogaoCaves。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段"HopefullythesettingoftheFundcanhelpDunhuangstudiesattheuniversity，"（希望该基金的设置可以帮助大学的敦煌学研究，）可知，成立樊锦诗教育基金是为了支持敦煌非遗成果在大学的研究，选项C"支持北京大学敦煌研究"符合语境。故选C。（4）标题归纳题。根据第四段"ThenshestartedworkingatDunhuangandhasworkedthereeversince.Shespendsalmost60yearstakingcareofDunhuang.Peoplecallherthe'DaughterofDunhuang'."（然后她开始在敦煌工作，从那以后一直在那里工作。她花了近60年的时间照顾敦煌。人们称她为"敦煌的女儿"。）并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了被人们誉为"敦煌女儿"的樊锦诗的努力和贡献，因此选项B"樊锦诗：'敦煌之女'"适合作为本文的标题。故选B。11．（8分）Twoyearsago，Iwassittinginmycarwaitinginlineforpayingthetoll（通行费）.WhenIfinallyreachedthetollstation，thetollstationworkertoldmethatthepersoninfronthadpaidformeandIwasfreetogo.Iwassoshocked.Ididn'tneedtosavethe5dollars.Iwouldneverknowwhohewas.Iwastiredoftheheavytrafficandthelongline，andthatbehaviorwassurprisingandunbelievable，whichreallytouchedmyheart.SoIdecidedtopayforthenextcarwaitinginline.ThefirsttimeItriedtopayforwardthetoll，Ikeptlookingintomyrear﹣viewmirror（后视镜）toseewhoI'dbepayingfor.Inthemirror，Isawatired﹣lookingtaxidriver.AndIfeltsatisfiedthatmymoneywouldbegoingtoagoodplace.Butbeforewegottothetollstation，thetaxidriverhadsuddenlychangedhiswayandnowtherewassomeoneelsebehindme.Shelookedupsetandwasgesturing（打手势）angrilyinaconversationwithherfriend.Iwasn'twillingtobepayingforawomanlikethatandwascertainlyjudgingherbywhatIwasseeinginthemirror.Anyway，Ipaidthetollforbothofusandleft.ThirtysecondslaterIwassurprisedtohearahonk（汽车喇叭声）.Itwasthewomanandherfriendwavingatmefromtheotherway!Shelookedcheerfulandhappy.Shewasn'twhatIthoughtshewaslike.ThiswasavaluablelessonthatIshouldn'tjudgepeoplesoquickly.Afterall，Idon'tknowtheirstories.（1）Whopaidforthewriter？AA．Acaringstranger.B．Aclosefriend.C．Adisappointedwoman.D．Thetollstationworker.（2）Whydidthewriterpayforwardthetoll？BA．Becausehedidn'tneedtosavemoney.B．Becausehewantedtopassonthekindness.C．Becausehewassatisfiedwiththetaxidriver.D．Becausehemadeamistakebecauseofthetiredness.（3）WhatistheCORRECTorderofthefollowingstatementsaccordingtothepassage？D①Thewritersawanupsetandangrywomanbutstillpaidforher.②Thewriterdecidedtopayforwardthetollforataxidriver.③Thewritersawthewomanandchangedhisjudgement.④Thepersoninfrontofthewriterpaidforhim.A．①③②④B．②④①③C．④②③①D．④②①③（4）Whatdoweknowaboutthewriterfromthepassage？DA．Hedislikedthewomanintheend.B．Hewarmlyhelpedthetaxidriver.C．Hegladlypaidforthewoman.D．Hechangedhisfeelingstowardsthewoman.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"WhenIfinallyreachedthetollstation，thetollstationworkertoldmethatthepersoninfronthadpaidformeandIwasfreetogo.（当我终于到达收费站时，收费站工作人员告诉我，前面的人已经为我支付了费用，我可以自由通行。）"可知，一个好心的陌生人帮作者付了钱。故选A。（2）推理判断题。根据第一段"Iwastiredoftheheavytrafficandthelongline，andthatbehaviorwassurprisingandunbelievable，whichreallytouchedmyheart.SoIdecidedtopayforthenextcarwaitinginline.（我厌倦了拥挤的交通和长长的队伍，那种行为令人惊讶和难以置信，这真的触动了我的心。所以我决定为下一辆排队等候的车付钱。）"可知，作者是为了将前面为他买单的人将善意传下去。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据第一段"WhenIfinallyreachedthetollstation，thetollstationworkertoldmethatthepersoninfronthadpaidformeandIwasfreetogo.（当我终于到达收费站时，收费站工作人员告诉我，前面的人已经为我支付了费用，我可以自由通行。）"；第二段"Inthemirror，Isawatired﹣lookingtaxidriver.AndIfeltsatisfiedthatmymoneywouldbegoingtoagoodplace.（在镜子里，我看到一个满脸疲惫的出租车司机。我很满意我的钱会用在好的地方。）"；第二段"Anyway，Ipaidthetollforbothofusandleft.（总之，我付了我们俩的路费就走了。）"；最后一段"Shelookedcheerfulandhappy.Shewasn'twhatIthoughtshewaslike.（她看上去快乐幸福。她不是我想象的那样。）"可知，正确的顺序是：④作者前面的人替他付了钱；②作者决定预付出租车司机的通行费；①作者看到了一个心烦气躁的女人，但还是为她付了钱；③作者看到了那个女人，改变了他的判断。故选D。（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Shewasn'twhatIthoughtshewaslike.（她不是我想象的那样。）"可知，他改变了对那个女人的感觉。故选D。12．（8分）Howwasyoursleeplastnight？Sleepisimportantforhealth.Howcanwehaveahealthysleep？Takealookatsomeadvice.WakeupnaturallyWakinguptoaringingalarmisneverfun.Studiesshowthatwhenyougetshockedbythealarm，yourbreathingwillgoup，yourheartwillhavemorebeatsandyourbloodpressurewillrise."Thisisaveryunhappywaytostarttheday，"sleepscientistWhitneyRobansaid."You'llfeelworseifyougobacktosleepafewmoreminutes.It'simportanttofollowyourbody'snaturalsleep﹣wakecycle."Sowhatshouldwedo？Trytouseanalarmwithsofterandlowersounds.Orleaveacrack（缝隙）inthecurtains（窗帘）—therisingsunwillwakeyouup.SleepearlyandgetupearlySomeyoungpeoplemaygotobedlateandgetuplate，suchassleepingfrom2a.m.to10a.m.Theythinkaslongastheyhaveeighthoursofsleep，everythingwillbefine.Butinfact，ourbodiescantelltime.Theyuselightandtemperaturetodoso.Ifwewakeuptoolate，ourbodiesmightfeelstuckbetweensleepandbeingawake.That'swhysometimeswefeelevenmoretiredafteroversleeping.（1）Accordingtostudies，whatwillhappentoourbodiesifanalarmwakesusupsuddenly？AA．Ourheartswillbeatfaster.B．Wemaybreathemoreslowly.C．Ourbodytemperatureswillgoup.D．Wewillhavelowerbloodpressure.（2）WhichofthefollowingmayWhitneyRobanagree？DA．Tryingtouseanalarmwithloudersounds.B．Goingbacktosleepagainafterwakingup.C．Readingmagazinesonlinebeforegoingtobed.D．Wakingupnaturallywiththehelpofthesun.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？DA．It'sOKtogotobedlateaslongasyougetenoughsleep.B．It'snecessaryforpeopletooversleep.C．Oversleepingalwaysmakesusfeelhappy.D．Peopleshouldgotobedearlyandgetupearly.（4）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？CA．Whypeopleshouldgetenoughsleep.B．Whypeoplehavesleepingproblems.C．Howtohaveahealthysleep.D．Howtowakeupinanaturalway.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"Studiesshowthatwhenyougetshockedbythealarm，yourbreathingwillgoup，yourheartwillhavemorebeatsandyourbloodpressurewillrise."（研究表明，当你被闹钟铃声震惊时，你的呼吸会加快，心跳会加快，血压会升高。）可知，被闹钟突然叫醒，你的心跳会加快，血压将会上升。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段"It'simportanttofollowyourbody'snaturalsleep﹣wakecycle."（遵循身体的自然睡眠﹣觉醒周期是很重要的。）以及"第四段Orleaveacrack（缝隙）inthecurtains（窗帘）—the