四川省乐山市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 含解析

机密★启用前〔考试时间：2024年1月23日下午3：00—5：00〕乐山市高中2025届教学质量检测英语(本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试时间120分钟)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时问将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后面有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.答案是B。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atagasstation. B.Inadepartmentstore. C.Atanartgallery.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,canyoutellmethetitleofthisoilpainting?W:Sorry,Idon’tknowforsure.ButIguessit’sanearly18thcenturywork.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendoesthesecondshowstart?A.At7:00. B.At8:00. C.At9:00.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Couldyoutellmethestartingtimeforbothperformances?M:Thefirstbeginsat7:00o’clock,anditlaststwohours.Thesecondfollowsimmediately.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Gatheringmaterials. B.Writingatermpaper. C.Holdingameeting.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Jack,wouldyouliketojointheschooltennisclub?It’swonderful.M:IshouldsayIenvyyou.IjustturnedinmytermpaperandnowIamcollectinginformationfortheschoolconference,whichistobeginnextweek.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherewillthespeakersmostprobablygonext?A.Toabank. B.ToMacao. C.Toagymnasium.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:IneedsomecashformytriptoMacaotomorrow.Iwillrunandgetsome.W:Iwillgowithyou.Ineedsomefreshairandexercise.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthewomangotothecitylibrary?A.Onfoot. B.Bybus. C.Bycar.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,sir.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothecitylibrary?M:Areyoudrivingortakingpublictransportation?W:Well,Ispentthewholedayyesterdaydrivingtoseeallthesights,sotodayIthinkI’dliketogobybus.M:Whydon’tyouwalkwithme?I’mheadinginthedirectionwhereyoucancatchthefirstbusyou’llneedtotake.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Sheboughtgoodsofpoorquality.B.Shedidn’tgetthepromiseddiscount.C.Shemetanimpolitesalesgirl.7.Whatwillthemangivetothewoman?A.Somemoney. B.Aletterofapology. C.Anewproduct.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,I’mlookingforthe…areyouthemanager?M:Yes,Iam.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Iboughtthisyesterday,butIdidn’tlookatthereceiptuntiltoday—andI’mshockedthatIdidn’tgetthediscountthatyouwereadvertising.Ithoughtthatthisitemwouldbe25%off!M:MayIhavealook?Hmm…itsaysitwascheckedoutonregisterfour—that’sHeather.Sheisnewonstaff,sosheprobablydidn’tknowaboutthesale.I’mverysorryaboutthat.I’llfixtheproblemrightawayandgetyousomecash.W:Thanksverymuch.I’lljustbewaitingoverthere.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatdoesRichardplantododuringthesummervacation?A.Workinhisfather’sfirm. B.Startbisownbusiness. C.Washdishesinarestaurant.9.WhatdoesRichardsuggestthewomando?A.Findthemissingstudents. B.Workinthelocalnewspaper. C.Helpchildrenwiththeirstudy.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:Richard,whatareyougoingtododuringthesummervacation?M:IthinkIwillworkinthefamilybusiness.Myfatherrunsasmallbuildingfirm.W:Youarelucky.Ihaven’tfoundajobyet.M:Findingaproperjobisbecomingmoreandmoredifficult.W:Iftheworstcomestotheworst,IthinkI’llbeadishwasher.M:Youcanteachchildrenhowtostudyandhelpthem.W:HowcanIdothat?M:Youcanputanadvertisementinthelocalnewspapertofindsomepupilsorhighschoolstudents.W:OK,I’lltry.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Anewmovie. B.Afamousactor. C.Anadventurebook.11.Whatdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Thevisualeffect. B.Theplot. C.Thecast.12.Whydoesthemanfinallydecidetoseethemovie?A.Thestoryisadventurous. B.Thewomanrecommendsit. C.HeisafanofTomJohnson.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,haveyouwatchedthenewmovieTheLostTreasure?M:No,Ihaven’t.Isitanygood?W:Oh,youhavetowatchit!It’sanadventure-basedfilmwithincrediblevisualeffects.Whatattractsmemostisitsfantasticplot.Thestorylineisinteresting!M:Well,What’sitabout?W:Itfollowsagroupoftreasurehunterswhowentonadangerousjourneytofindalong-losttreasurehiddeninaremoteisland.Alongtheway,theyencounterthrillingandunexpectedadventures.M:Whoarethemainactors?W:Well,theleadroleisplayedbyTomJohnson.Hedoesaphenomenaljobinthismovie.Thesupportingcastisalsoimpressive,withtalentedactorslikeEmilyStoneandMichaelWilson.M:Wow!I’mafanofTomJohnson’swork.Healwaysdeliversgreatperformances.I’lldefinitelycheckoutthismovie.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Placinganorder. B.Sellinginsurance. C.Conductinganinterview.14.WhatdidLeaneystudyforadegree?A.Education. B.Finance. C.PublicRelations.15.WhatistheadvantageofasmallerbusinessaccordingtoLeaney?A.Moreflexibilityinprovidingservices.B.Closeremployeremployeerelationship.C.Greatercontributionstoherfriends.16.WhatisLeaney’splanforthenexttwoweeks?A.Tovisitherparents. B.Tocallherrelatives. C.Tofinishherwork.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,canIspeaktoMissLeaney?W:ThisisLeaney.MayIknowwho’scalling?M:I’mAdamWattfromtheSevenStarInsuranceCompany.Thankyouforyourinterestinourcompany.Ineedsomemoreinformationfromyourside.W:Oh,sure,Mr.Watt.Pleasegoahead.M:You’vegotadegreeinfinance.Whydidyouapplyforthisjob?W:IreadthejobdescriptionanddiscoveredafewinterestingprogramsthatI’dliketobeapartof.They’rechallengingyetrewarding.JustthesortofthingsIconsidertofitmebest.M:Isee.Butgivenyoureducationalbackground,wouldn’tyouwanttoworkforsomebiggercompanies?W:Iprefersmallercompaniestobiggerones,becauseasmallerbusinesshastheabilitytobemoreflexibleinitsserviceofferings.Inasmallcompany,wecanprovideourcustomerswiththeexactservicethattheyneed.Bydoingthis,wecanformacloserrelationshipwithourcustomersasiftheywereourneighborsorrelatives.M:That’sveryinteresting.Whenwillyoubeavailableforemployment?W:Intwoweeks.I’vepromisedmyparentsaten-dayvisit.IcanstartworkimmediatelyafterI’mback.M:Great.Iwillcallyoubackinacoupleofdaysaboutourfinaldecision.W:Okay.Thankyouverymuch.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhendidDessiSieburthstartlovingbirds?A.At6. B.At8. C.At14.18.WhydoesDessimakeboxesforbluebirds?A.Theyarecommonbirds. B.Theyareeasytotrack. C.Theyhavelostnestplaces.19.What’sthefunctionofDessi’swebsite?A.Todoresearchaboutbirds. B.Toteachpeopleaboutbirds. C.Toraisemoneyforbirds.20.WhatdidDessidoinAlaskarecently?A.Heinterviewedbiologists. B.Heboughtsomegoldthere. C.Hestudiedonaspeciesofbird.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,everyone.Today’sguestisjust14yearsold,andheisprotectingbirdsaroundtheworld.HisnameisDessiSieburth.Hisloveofbirdsstartedwhenhemadehisfirstbirdfeederaboutsixyearsago.Now,hehashisowngroupcalled“ProtectingOurBirds”.Hehasbeenmakingwesternbluebirdboxesforaboutfouryears.Dessihangsthemupintreesandtakesthemdowneveryweekandlooksatthemtoseeifthebluebirdsarenesting.Hedoesthateveryyearduringthesummer.Hechoosesthebluebirdbecausetheynestindeadtrees,butalotofdeadtreesarebeingcutdown.Dessimakestheseboxestotaketheplaceofthetrees.Hedoesresearchaboutbirds,runsawebsitetoteachpeopleaboutbirdsandhowtohelpthem,andbuildsboxesforbirds.Dessihasinterviewedbiologists,writtenalotofarticlesonbirdsforlocalnewspaper.Dessialsorecentlyspent10daysinAlaskawithhisfamilywherehedidresearchongoldeneaglesinDenaliNationalPark.Sonowlet’swelcomeDessiSieburth!第二部阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFindinganewbooktoreadcanbehard.Hereareseveraldifferentwaysyoucanfindyournextfavoritebooktoread!LocalLibraryMostlibrariesallowanyonetowalkinandlookaround.Headovertothesectionsthatinterestyouandbrowsetheshelves,thenuseyourphonetolookupanybooksthatcatchyoureye.Orifyouwanttosupportyourlocallibrary,justcheckthebookout.Youcouldalsotalktothelibrarian.Ifyoutellthemwhatkindsofbooksyou’relookingfor,they’llbeabletopointyouintherightdirection.OnlineBookStoresAmazon,AbeBooks,andBetterWorldBooksareallgreatoptions.Mostonlinebookstoresallowsortingbyrecentreleases,andit’sagreatwaytodiscoverbooksyou’veneverheardofbefore.Checkoutthefirstfewpages’previews,reviewsandratings,andifyoulikeit,buyit!MeetupBookClubsIfyouprefertogetyourbookrecommendationsthroughdialogueanddiscussion,thenMeetupmightbetheoptionforyou.BookclubsonMeetupareprettystraightforward;theytellyouwhichbooktoread,andthenyoudiscussitasagroup.Meetupgroupsmightholdeventsonceamonth,onceaweek,ormaybeevenmultipletimesaweek.Ifonegroupisn’tenough,youcanalwaysjoinmultiple.GoodreadsOneoftheeasiestwaystodiscovernewbookstoreadistouseabookrecommendationsitelikeGoodreads.Everyyear,Goodreadsputsout“BestBooks”forallmajorgenres(体裁),includingFantasy,Horror,Poetry,Romance,andYoungAdult.Eachgenrehas20entries,andyoucanviewpastyears’awardsbackto2011.Onceyou’veaddedandratedenoughbooks,Goodreadswillbeginrecommendingotherbooksthatyoumightlike.21.Whathelpcanyoureceivefromalocallibrary?A.Financialsupport. B.Thelibrarian’sassistance.C.Groupstudy. D.Adviceonbookchoice.22.What’sspecialaboutMeetupBookClubs?A.Theyholdreadingactivitiesonadailybasis. B.Theysortoutbooksbyrecentreleases.C.Theyoffergroupdiscussionsaboutbooks. D.Theyallowmemberstogetbooksforfree.23.Whichofthefollowingrecommendsbooksbasedonyourpreference?A.LocalLibrary. B.OnlineBookStores.C.MeetupBookClubs. D.Goodreads.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个可以让你找到你最喜欢的书的方法。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Youcouldalsotalktothelibrarian.Ifyoutellthemwhatkindsofbooksyou’relookingfor,they’llbeabletopointyouintherightdirection.(你也可以和图书管理员谈谈。如果你告诉他们你在找什么样的书，他们就能给你指出正确的方向)”可知，你能从当地图书馆得到图书管理员的协助。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Ifyouprefertogetyourbookrecommendationsthroughdialogueanddiscussion,thenMeetupmightbetheoptionforyou.(如果你更喜欢通过对话和讨论来推荐你的书，那么Meetup可能是你的选择)”和“Meetupgroupsmightholdeventsonceamonth,onceaweek,ormaybeevenmultipletimesaweek.(聚会小组可能每月举行一次活动，一周一次，甚至一周多次)”可知，聚会读书会的特别之处在于他们提供关于书籍的小组讨论。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Onceyou’veaddedandratedenoughbooks,Goodreadswillbeginrecommendingotherbooksthatyoumightlike.(一旦你添加并评价了足够多的书，Goodreads就会开始推荐其他你可能喜欢的书)”可知，Goodreads根据你的喜好推荐书籍。故选D。BBeesarecuteandgiveusdeliciousthings,likehoney,andusefulthings,likebeeswax.Butthey’vealsogotthoseinfamousstingers(毒刺).Beescanbealittlescary,andingroups,theycanbedeadly.SowhenreportshitthenewsaboutColonyCollapseDisorder(蜂群崩溃症候群),someofusmighthavethought,what’sthebigdeal?Whatwouldhappenifallthebeesdied?Unfortunately,we’dlosealotmorethanorganiccandlesifbeeswentextinct.Therearemorethan20,000speciesofbeesintheworld,Together,theyareprobablythemostimportantgroupofinsectpollinators(传粉者).Ifallthebeessuddenlydisappeared,therewouldbeagapinourecosystemsthatwouldbeveryhardtofill.First,flowerswouldlikelygoextinctwithoutbees.Otherplantsthatbeespollinatemightsurvivewithotherpollinators.Buttheywouldbeatadisadvantage.Someanimalsrelyonbeesforfood.Ifwelostthebees,someofourmostbeautifulnaturalspeciescouldbenext.Allthesechangeswouldhavechaineffectsthroughoutecosystemsandintohumansociety.Humanityprobablywouldn’tstarvewithoutbeeswithmanyofourmaincropspollinatedbythewind.Butnutritiousfruitsandvegetablescouldbelostorbecomesoexpensivethatfewpeoplecouldaffordthem.Andeatinghealthilyishardenoughasitis.It’shardtoknowjusthowsuchahugechangetothenaturalworldwouldend.Luckily,thisisjustanimagination,right?But,ColonyCollapseDisorderisveryreal.Scientistsbelievehumanactivityistoblame.Thelossofbeeshasalsobeenlinkedtothepesticidesweuseandtoman-madeclimatechange.Andsomestudiesshowedthatit’snotjustbees.Insectnumbershavedroppeddramaticallyoverthelastfewdecades.Nearlyhalfofallinsectlivesmayhavediedoutinthelast35years.Beesandotherbugsmaybealittlescary,butaworldwithoutthemwouldbemuchscarier.24.HowdoestheauthorleadinthetopicinParagraph1?A.Bylistingtheharmsbeesbringabout. B.Byexplainingatheoryaboutbees.C.Byreviewingthehistoryofbees. D.Bytellingfactsaboutbees.25.Whyarebeesimportantintheecosystem?A.Theyhelpcontrolotherinsects’populations. B.Theyprovidehoneyandbeeswax.C.Theyserveasakeylinkintheecosystem. D.Theypollinateourmaincrops.26.Whatisthepossibledangerifbeesdiedout?A.Lossofbiodiversityandfoodvariety. B.Endangeredinsectsbecomingextinct.C.Climatechangespeedingupitspace. D.Therapidgrowthofcertainflowers.27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Bees:CuteButDangerous. B.ColonyCollapseDisorderIsReal.C.Honey:ADoubleEdgedSword. D.BeesAreaThreattoHumans.【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了蜂群衰竭失调症会导致蜜蜂灭绝，而蜜蜂灭绝会导致生物多样性和粮食品种的丧失。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Beesarecuteandgiveusdeliciousthings,likehoney,andusefulthings,likebeeswax.Butthey’vealsogotthoseinfamousstingers(毒刺).Beescanbealittlescary,andingroups,theycanbedeadly.SowhenreportshitthenewsaboutColonyCollapseDisorder(蜂群崩溃症候群),someofusmighthavethought,what’sthebigdeal?(蜜蜂很可爱，给我们提供美味的东西，比如蜂蜜，还有有用的东西，比如蜂蜡。但它们也有臭名昭著的毒刺。蜜蜂可能有点可怕，成群结队的蜜蜂可能是致命的。因此，当有关蜂群衰竭失调症的报道出现在新闻中时，我们中的一些人可能会想，这有什么大不了的？)”可知，作者在第一段通过讲述蜜蜂的事实引出主题。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ifallthebeessuddenlydisappeared,therewouldbeagapinourecosystemsthatwouldbeveryhardtofill.First,flowerswouldlikelygoextinctwithoutbees.Otherplantsthatbeespollinatemightsurvivewithotherpollinators.Buttheywouldbeatadisadvantage.(如果所有的蜜蜂突然消失，我们的生态系统将出现一个很难填补的空白。首先，如果没有蜜蜂，花很可能会灭绝。蜜蜂授粉的其他植物可能会与其他传粉者一起生存。但他们将处于不利地位)”可知，蜜蜂在生态系统中如此重要是因为它们是生态系统的关键环节。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“First,flowerswouldlikelygoextinctwithoutbees.Otherplantsthatbeespollinatemightsurvivewithotherpollinators.(首先，如果没有蜜蜂，花很可能会灭绝。蜜蜂授粉的其他植物可能会与其他传粉者一起生存)”以及第三段“Humanityprobablywouldn’tstarvewithoutbeeswithmanyofourmaincropspollinatedbythewind.Butnutritiousfruitsandvegetablescouldbelostorbecomesoexpensivethatfewpeoplecouldaffordthem.(如果没有蜜蜂，人类可能不会挨饿，因为我们的许多主要作物都是靠风授粉的。但是营养丰富的水果和蔬菜可能会丢失，或者变得非常昂贵，以至于很少有人能买得起)”可知，如果蜜蜂灭绝了，会导致生物多样性和粮食品种的丧失。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“SowhenreportshitthenewsaboutColonyCollapseDisorder(蜂群崩溃症候群),someofusmighthavethought,what’sthebigdeal?(因此，当有关蜂群衰竭失调症的报道出现在新闻中时，我们中的一些人可能会想，这有什么大不了的？)”结合文章主要说明了蜂群衰竭失调症会导致蜜蜂灭绝，而蜜蜂灭绝会导致生物多样性和粮食品种的丧失。可知，B选项“蜂群衰竭失调是真实存在的”最符合文章标题。故选B。CLab-grownchickenisfinallymakingitswayontomenusintheUnitedStates.TheUSDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)hasrecentlygivenpermissionforsellingcell-cultured(细胞培养的)meatproducedbyGOODMeatandUPSIDEFoods,markingasignificantbreakthroughfortheculturedmeatindustry.Thesecompaniesareabletogrowsmallamountsofchickencellsintomeatwithouttheneedfortraditionalslaughter(屠宰).However,it’simportanttonotethatthispermissioniscurrentlylimitedtochickenproducts.Bothcompaniesstillrequireadditionalpermissiontomarketcell-culturedbeef,pork,orseafood.ConcernshavebeengrowingamongAmericansabouttraditionalmeatproduction,whichcontributestoabout14.5percentofglobalcarbonemissionsandcanencourageantibiotic-resistant(耐抗生素的)bacteriagrowth.Additionally,itpolluteswaterwayswithanimalwaste.Andtheanimalsthemselvesoftenliverelativelyshortlivesincages.“Wethinkthecurrentwayoftraditionalmeatproductionisattheverytipofthespearofalltheseharms,”saysGOODMeatCEOJoshTetrick.Despitetheseconcerns,meatremainsasignificantpartofmanypeople’sdietsduetocultural,traditional,andnutritionalreasons.Culturedmeatcompaniespositionthemselvesasproducingsustainableandpropermeat,aimingtoprovidemeatloverswithaguilt-freechoicethatsatisfiestheirdesirefortastyfood.Theproductionprocessforlab-grownmeatisrelativelystraightforward,withthemainchallengelyinginbuildingsufficientproductionfacilities.Bothcompanies,nowarmedwithUSDAandFDApermission,canfocusonexpandingtoproduceenoughcell-culturedmeattomeetthedemand.Atthebeginning,lab-grownchickenwillonlybeavailableatselectrestaurants,includingBarCrenninSanFranciscoandarestaurantownedbychefJoséAndrésinWashington.D.C.28.WhatdoestheapprovalmeanforGOODMeatandUPSIDEFoods?A.Theycanselllab-grownmeatintheU.S. B.Theydon’thavetokillanimalsformeat.C.Theycandevelopcell-culturedmeatinlabs. D.Theycanoffervarioustypesoflab-grownmeat.29.Whatdoes“attheverytipofthespear”underlinedinParagraph2mean?A.Thebestsolution. B.Themajorchallenge.C.Thegreatestchange. D.Thebiggestreason.30.Whatcanwelearnfromtraditionalandculturedmeats?A.Traditionalmeathasmoreculturalmeanings. B.Culturedmeatismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Culturedmeatfacesfiercemarketcompetition. D.Peoplecanonlyeatlab-grownmeatinthefuture.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Culturedmeatchallengestraditionaldietingcustom.B.Environmentalpollutionontraditionalslaughter.C.USGovernmentpermitsculturedmeat’sproduction.D.Atechnologicalinnovationinculturedmeat.【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国政府批准人造肉进入市场，介绍了传统肉类的生产方式以及人造肉的好处。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Lab-grownchickenisfinallymakingitswayontomenusintheUnitedStates.TheUSDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)hasrecentlygivenpermissionforsellingcell-cultured(细胞培养)meatproducedbyGOODMeatandUPSIDEFoods,markingasignificantbreakthroughfortheculturedmeatindustry.Thesecompaniesareabletogrowsmallamountsofchickencellsintomeatwithouttheneedfortraditionalslaughter(屠宰).(实验室培育的鸡肉终于进入了美国的菜单。美国农业部(USDA)最近批准销售由GOODmeat和UPSIDEFoods生产的细胞培养肉，这标志着培养肉行业取得了重大突破。这些公司能够在不需要传统屠宰的情况下，将少量鸡细胞培育成肉)”可知，对GOODMeat和UPSIDEFoods的批准意味着他们可以在美国销售实验室培育的肉。故选A。29题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“ConcernshavebeengrowingamongAmericansabouttraditionalmeatproduction,whichcontributestoabout14.5percentofglobalcarbonemissionsandcanencourageantibiotic-resistant(耐抗生素的)bacteriagrowth.Additionally,itpolluteswaterwayswithanimalwaste.Andtheanimalsthemselvesoftenliverelativelyshortlivesincages.(美国人对传统肉类生产的担忧越来越大，这种生产占全球碳排放量的14.5%，可能会促进耐抗生素细菌的生长。此外，它还用动物粪便污染水道。而动物本身在笼子里的寿命往往相对较短)”可知，上文列举了传统肉类生产存在的问题，可知传统肉类生产方式是危害的最大原因。故划线词意思是“最大的原因”。故选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Culturedmeatcompaniespositionthemselvesasproducingsustainableandpropermeat,aimingtoprovidemeatloverswithaguilt-freechoicethatsatisfiestheirdesirefortastyfood.(人造肉公司将自己定位为生产可持续和合适的肉类，旨在为肉类爱好者提供一个没有罪恶感的选择，满足他们对美味食物的渴望)”可知，人造肉更环保。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Lab-grownchickenisfinallymakingitswayontomenusintheUnitedStates.TheUSDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)hasrecentlygivenpermissionforsellingcell-cultured(细胞培养的)meatproducedbyGOODMeatandUPSIDEFoods,markingasignificantbreakthroughfortheculturedmeatindustry.Thesecompaniesareabletogrowsmallamountsofchickencellsintomeatwithouttheneedfortraditionalslaughter(屠宰).(实验室培育的鸡肉终于进入了美国的菜单。美国农业部(USDA)最近批准销售由GOODmeat和UPSIDEFoods生产的细胞培养肉，这标志着培养肉行业取得了重大突破。这些公司能够在不需要传统屠宰的情况下，将少量鸡细胞培育成肉)”结合文章主要说明了美国政府批准人造肉进入市场，介绍了传统肉类的生产方式以及人造肉的好处。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是美国政府允许生产人造肉。故选C。DJenniferDestefanoansweredacallfromanumbershedidnotrecognize.“Mom,thesebadmenhaveme,”herdaughter’svoicetoldher,crying.Amancontinuedtodemandmoney,orhewoulddrugherdaughterandleaveherinMexico.Butwhileshekepthimonthephone,friendsmanagedtoreachherdaughter,onlytodiscoverthatshewasfreeandwellonaskiingtripinArizona.Thevoiceusedonthephonewasafake(冒充品).Infact,voicecloninghasfar-reachinginfluences.AbriefsampleofaparticularindividualvoicecanbeusedtotrainanAImodel,whichcanthenspeakanygiventextsoundinglikethatperson.ThefeatureistobeincludediniPhone’snewoperatingsystemIOS17tohelppeoplewhomaybeindangeroflosingtheirvoices.ElevenLabs,anAIstartup,offersusersthechancetocreatetheirownclonesinminutes.Whengeneratingarecording,thesystemalsooffersacontrollerthatallowsuserstochoosebetweenvariability,alifelikeintonation(语调),andstability,similartoacalmnewsreader,bothaccurate.Withcloningcoming,voicesclaimingtobesomeonemayprovetobefakes.Thatdisturbsfinancialindustry(金融业),whichusesvoiceasanimportantidentification.Injournalism,fewerpeoplewilltrustnewsbasedonrecordings.Theoppositeproblemwillarisewhenpublicfiguresrefusetoadmittheirgenuinerecordings.Now,evermorepeoplecaughtupinillegalbehaviorswillbeattractedbythedefence,“Itwasn’tme.”Creativeindustriescouldfacechallengestoo.Voiceactors’skills,trainedoveralifetime,canbetakenawayinamatterofseconds.TheTelegraphrecentlyreportedonactorswhohadmistakenlygivenuprightstotheirvoices,makingitpossibletoclonethemfornothing.Butastheoldsayinggoes,acoinhastwosides.ValKilmer,whohaslostmuchofhisvoicetothroatcancer,wasdelightedtohavehisvoicerestoredforTopGun:Maverick.Andsomeothersmaybesparedheadingtothestudioforretakes.32.WhydoestheauthortalkaboutDestefano’sexperience?A.ToexplainwhyDestefanowascheated. B.Topraiseamother’sloveforherdaughter.C.Toteachpeoplehowtorecognizefakevoices. D.Todrawreaders’attentiontovoicecloning.33.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2?A.Cloningvoicescanbevariouslystyled. B.IOStrainspeopledisabledinspeaking.C.Cloningone’svoiceistime-consuming. D.AIlearnshumanvoicefromtexts.34.Whatimpactmayvoicecloningmake?A.Financialindustrywillabandonvoiceidentification.B.Broadcastingwilldisappearinjournalism.C.Criminalsuseitasanexcusetoescapepunishment.D.Publicfiguresdarenotmakerecordings.35.Whatisvoicecloning’sinfluenceincreativeindustries?A.Disastrous. B.Doubleedged. C.Beneficial. D.Short-termed.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语音克隆技术的现实应用和潜在风险。语音克隆技术可以通过简短的语音样本来训练人工智能模型，使其能够模仿特定人的声音。然而，语音克隆也带来了身份验证问题，特别是在金融行业和新闻业，以及对配音演员等创意产业从业者的影响。尽管存在风险，语音克隆技术也为某些情况下的声音恢复提供了可能。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“JenniferDestefanoansweredacallfromanumbershedidnotrecognize.“Mom,thesebadmenhaveme,”herdaughter’svoicetoldher,crying.Amancontinuedtodemandmoney,orhewoulddrugherdaughterandleaveherinMexico.Butwhileshekepthimonthephone,friendsmanagedtoreachherdaughter,onlytodiscoverthatshewasfreeandwellonaskiingtripinArizona.Thevoiceusedonthephonewasafake(冒充品).(JenniferDestefano接了一个她不认识的号码打来的电话。“妈妈，这些坏人抓住了我，”女儿的声音哭着告诉她。一个男人继续向她要钱，否则他就给她的女儿下药，把她留在墨西哥。但是，当她让他打电话时，朋友们设法联系上了她的女儿，却发现她在亚利桑那州滑雪旅行中很自由。电话里的声音是假的。)”可知，作者叙述了Destefano被冒充女儿声音的电话所骗的经过，然后指出声音是假的，文章后文围绕语音克隆技术展开。由此推知，作者谈到Destefano的经历是为了引起读者对语音克隆的注意。故选D项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Whengeneratingarecording,thesystemalsooffersacontrollerthatallowsuserstochoosebetweenvariability,alifelikeintonation(语调),andstability,similartoacalmnewsreader,bothaccurate.(当生成录音时，系统还提供了一个控制器，允许用户在可变性(逼真的语调)和稳定性(类似于平静的新闻播音员)之间进行选择，两者都很准确。)”可知，生成的录音可以由用户自己选择可变性和稳定性，由此可知，克隆语音可以有多种风格。故选A项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Now,evermorepeoplecaughtupinillegalbehaviorswillbeattractedbythedefence,“Itwasn’tme.”(现在，越来越多被卷入非法行为的人会被“不是我”的辩护吸引。)”可知，克隆语音可能导致罪犯用它作为逃避惩罚的借口。故选C项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Creativeindustriescouldfacechallengestoo.Voiceactors’skills,trainedoveralifetime,canbetakenawayinamatterofseconds.(创意产业也可能面临挑战。配音演员的技能，经过了一辈子的训练，可以在几秒钟内消失。)”和“Butastheoldsayinggoes,acoinhastwosides.ValKilmer,whohaslostmuchofhisvoicetothroatcancer,wasdelightedtohavehisvoicerestoredforTopGun:Maverick.Andsomeothersmaybesparedheadingtothestudioforretakes.(但正如那句老话所说，硬币有两面。ValKilmer因喉癌失去了大部分声音，他很高兴能在《壮志凌云：独行侠》中恢复声音。还有一些人可能就不用去摄影棚重拍了。)”可知，语音克隆可能会夺走配音演员来之不易的技能，但也能帮助一些不幸失去声音的人恢复声音，避免摄影棚的重拍工作。由此可知，语音克隆对创意产业的影响是一把双刃剑。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoMakeNewYear’sResolutionsDoyoumakeresolutionsinthenewyear?____36____However,youwillgiveyourselfyourbestshotatsuccessifyourresolutionsareSMART(specific,measurable,achievable,realisticandtime-bound).Specific.Yourresolutionsshouldbeabsolutelyclear.Makingaspecificgoalisreallyimportantratherthanjustroughlysaying“Iwanttoloseweight.”Howmuchweightdoyouwanttoloseandhowlongwillitlast?____37____Measurable.Establishstandardsformeasuringprogresstowardtheachievementofeachgoalyouset.If,forexample,youwanttolearnaforeignlanguage,memorize20wordsorpractisespeakingitfor30minuteseveryday.____38____Achievable.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatyoucan’thavebiggoals.____39____Savingenoughmoneytoretireinfiveyearswhenyouare30yearsoldisunlikelytoachieve,butsavinganextra$100amonthisaccessible.Realistic.____40____Areyouwillingtodevotetimeandenergytoit?Youtrulyknowthatitcanbeaccomplishedwithyourabilitiesandresourcesavailabletoyou.Whenyouidentifythegoals,youbegintofigureoutwaysthatyoumakethemcometrue.Time-bound.Thetimelinetowardreachingyourgoalss