2024届高考英语二轮复习阶段测试卷(新高考II卷专用)03( 含解析)

2024届高考二轮复习阶段测试卷（新高考II卷专用）03

英语

（语法填空为原创试题）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷二。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸

±o

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每

段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshin?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Bossandemployee.B.Husbandandwife.C.Waiterandcustomer.

2.Wheredidthewomanleavehercellphone?

A.Onthefootballfield.B.Attheoffice.C.Atthecafe.

3.Whatwillthewomanspeakerdo?

A.Makealist.B.Buysportsequipment.C.Contactthebuscompany.

4.Whydoesthewomanmakeacall?

A.Tochangetheplan.B.Tohaveadiscussion.C.Tomakearesenation.

5.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Goodsexchange.B.CDpurchase.C.After-salesservice.

第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或读白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳

选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Wheredidthespeakersgoswimming?

A.Inthesea.B.Intheriver.C.Inthelake.

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthecampsite?

A.Itneededashop.B.Itwastoosmall.C.Ithadgoodshowers.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatisthemanspeakersatisfiedwith?

A.Thesong.B.Thebook.C.Thescreenplay.

9.Whatisthewoman'sopinionabouttheendingofthefilm?

A.Appealing.B.Accurate.C.Unsatisfactory.

听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。

10.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?

A.Toaskafavor.B.Tofetchhiscar.C.Toofteralift.

11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

A.Sendthepaperonline.B.Buyanewcomputer.C.Usehersister'scar.

12.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheman?

A.Outofdate.B.Clever.C.Cool.

13.Whatwillthemando?

A.Drivetoschool.B.Callhisprofessor.C.Gotothewoman'shouse.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Howdidthewomanknowthegym?

A.Fromafriend.B.Fromawebsite.C.Fromanewspaper.

15.Huwlongisllicgymopenaday?

A.16hours.B.19hours.C.24hours.

16.Whatdoesthegymoffer?

A.Nutritiousmeals.B.Freepersonaltrainers.C.Thelowestmembershipfee.

17.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodoatlast?

A.Payavisittothegym.B.Chooseapersonaltrainer.C.Applyfbramembershipcard.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Wheredohugestormsformeveryyear?

A.InNorthernAfrica.B.IntheUnitedStates.C.IntheAtlanticOcean.

19.Whatisthereasonfbrmoreseverestorms?

A.Dustcarriedbywinds.B.Norainfallfbrlong.C.Changeablewind.

20.Whatistheprobableinfluenceofthedust?

A.Itpollutesthewholecountry.

B.Itdoeshanntopeople'shealth.

C.ItisathreattotheSaharaDesert.

【答案】1-5CCCAC6-10CAACA11-15AACAB16-20CAABB

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Whetheryou'removingacrossthecountryoracrosstheworld,it'simportanttochooseamovingcompany

that'stherightfitfbryourexactneedsorbudget.Readaboutthetoppackingandmovingcompanieswithourguide

coveringprosandcons,offerings,andcustomerreviews.

OURRATING:

BestforVehicle

Relocation

4.7/5ALLIED

Withover90yearsofexperience,themovingcompanyhasfinishedover750,000movesindifferentstatesin

theU.S.inthelast15yearsalone.

ProsandCons

,Availablefbrlocal,long-dislanceandinternationalmoves

“Greatcustomerservice

XDiscountinformationisnotreadilyavailable

OURRATING：

MostExperienced.

MoverAN

AVLfbcuscsonprovidinghighlyexperiencedandskillfultroverstoyourpackingservices.Themoving

companyprovidesitsscniccsineverystate.

ProsandCons

✓Highlyskilledmoverswithanaverageof10yearsofexperience

VPromisestomatchorbeatthepriceifthesameseniceisfoundatalowercost

XAnup-fiontdepositisrequired

XLimitedpricinginformationonline

OURRATING:

BestFull-Service

lntE>rn<9tional

MoverVanLes

4.8/51VL

IVLprovidesitspackingandmovingservicesfbrbothlocalandlong-distancemovesinall50states,aswell

as18()countries.Andthecompanyallowsyoutohavecontroloveryourpackingexperience.

ProsandCons

✓Specialtyservicesfbrdifficultitemssuchasartwork,antiquesandpianos

•Protectionplanswithanadjustablecoveragecap

XCustomerreviewsmentiontiiedifficultyincommunicationattimes

OURRATING:

BestforClaimsnorthAmerican

★★★★杳4.6/5MOVINGSERVICES

Thisfull-surviccmovinguoinpanyhasmorethan8()yearsofmovingexperienceandanetworkofmorethan

500locationsnationwide.

ProsandCons

✓Onlineshipmenttracking

VMovingcontainersavailablefbrinterstatemoves

XServiceandexperiencemayvarybyagent

XNoinstantonlinequotes

21.Whichofthefollowingcompaniesrateshighest?

A.Allied.B.AmericanVanLincs.

C.IntcniationaiVanLincs.D.NorthAmericanMovingServices.

22.WhatistheadvantageofAmericanVanLines?

A.Itgivespricinginfbnnationonline.B.Itisexperiencedinpackingexpensiveitems.

C.Ithasmovingcontainersfbrinterstatemoves.D.Itguaranteesthelowestpriceofthesameservice.

23.Whatdothefourcompanieshav，incommonaccordingtothetext?

A.Theyfeaturehighlyskilledmovers.B.Theyhaveover80yearsofexperience.

C.Theycanprovidemovingservicesnationwide.D.Theycanofferservicesfbrcustomizedpacking.

【答案】21.C22.D23.C

【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家顶级的包装和搬家公司，包括其服务、优缺点和评分等信息。

21.细节理解题。根据四张图片中Allied的评分4.7/5、AmericanVanLines的评分4.5/5,InternationalVanLines

的评分4.8/5、NorthAmericanMovingServices的评分4.6/5可知，InlemationalVanLines公司E勺评分最高。

故选C项。

22.细节理解题。根据AmericanVanLines的ProsandCons部分中“Promisestomatchorbeatthepriceifthe

sameseniceisfoundatalowercost”（承诺如果以更低的成本找到相同的服务，就会提供相同或更低的价格）

可知，AmericanVanLincs的优势在于保证了相同服务的最低价格。故选D项。

23.细节理解题“根据Allied部分中“Withover9（）yearsofexperience,themovingcompanyhasfinishedover

750,000movesindifferentstatesintheU.S.inthelast15yearsalone.^^（凭借超过90年的经验，这家搬家公司

仅在过去的15年里就在美国的不同州完成了超过75万次搬家。）、AmericanVanLines部分中“Themoving

companyprovidesitsservicesineverystate.^^（这家搬家公司在每个州都提供服务。）、InternationalVanLines

部分中“VLprovidesitspackingandmovingservicesfbrbothlocalandlong-distancemovesinall50states,as

wellas180countries."（IVL为所有50个州以及180个国家的本地和长途移动提供包装和搬家服务。）、North

AmericanMovingServices-部分中“Thisfull-serviccmovingcompanyhasinorcthan8（）yearsofmoving

experienceandanetworkofmorethan500locationsnationwide.^^（这家全方位服务的搬家公司拥有80多年的

搬家经验和遍布全国500多个地点的网络。）可知，四家公司的共同点是可以提供全国范围内的搬家服务。

故选C项。

B

Asarchaeologists（考古学家）examinedancienttombsinTurfaninwesternChina,theydiscoveredsome

surprisinglywell-preservedandfamiliarrehes.Thoughhardenedfromover1,000years,theresatlittledumplings.

Exactlywhoinventeddumplingsremainsamystery.Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadby

nomadic（游牧的）TurkicpeopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobethecasebecause

“manti,“meaning“dumpling"or“steamedbun”inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfor

dumplinginseveralotherlanguages.AncientTurkicpeopleprobablyfilledtheirdumplingswithmeat.Butit's

unclearwhenthispracticebegan,orwhethertheylearnedtheartofdumpling-makingfromothers.Howeverthis

happened,dumplingscertainlygatheredsteaminancientChina.

DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears.Insteadofthetraditional

meatfilling,somecommunitieschosevegetarian（素食）dumplings.Peopledevelopednewcookingmethods.The

relationshipbetweenChinesedumplingsandthoseinotherareasistrickytotrace,butfoodhistorianshavemade

theirbestguessesbasedonavailableclues.

BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealsocontributedtothespreadof

dumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope.Thesedumplingscouldhavecomebywayof

ChinaordirectlyfromsomeoftheTurkicpeoplestheMongolshiredtoruntheirempire.Onetheoryisthatthis

gaverisetodumplingslikepelmeniinRussia,pierogiinPolandandvarenikiinUkraine.TheMongolEmpirealso

controlledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumplingvarietieswere

introducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemcumplings,whichmeans“littlelumps”.During

theSecondWorldWar,Chinese“jiaozi”werebroughttoJapan.SowhatabouttheItaliandumpling-1ikepasta?

SomehistoriansthinkitmightbebroughtbyArabconquerors.

It'sunlikelythatalldumplingdishescamefromthesamercottradition.However,wecanappreciatethe

mysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious.

24.WhatmadeTurkicpeoplessuspectedtofirstspreaddumplings?

A.Thelanguagestheyused.B.Theireatinghabits.

C.Theirdumpling-makingskills.D.Thenewlyfoundtombs.

25.Whatdocsthephrase“gatheredstcairf'iiiparagraph2mean?

A.Originated.B.Stabilized.C.Gotwell-cooked.D.Becamepopular.

26.Whatdoesparagraph4fbcuson?

A.Thespreadingprocessofdumplings.B.Thepossibleoriginsofdumplings.

C.DifferencesbetweenvariousdumplingsD.Reasonsfbrthepopularityofdumplings.

27.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribedunnplingsaccordingtothepassage?

A.Delicious.B.Diverse.C.Unusual.D.Regional.

【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B

【解析1本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了有关饺子传播的一些历史。

24.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadbynomadic（游牧的）Turkic

peopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobethecasebecause'manti,'meaning

'dumpling'or'steamedbun'inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfbrdumplinginseveralother

languages.（但一些学者怀疑，它们最早是由生活在中国西部和中亚的突厥游牧民族传播的。之所以会被认为

是这种情况，是因为，manti，在许多突厥语中的意思是，饺子，或，馒头，，在其他几种语言中似乎是饺子的词根。户

可知，由于突厥语的“manti”在其他几种语言中似乎是饺子的词根，所以突厥民族被怀疑是最初传播饺子的

人。故选Ao

25.短语猜测题。根据第三段中的“DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousand

years.（在接下来的一千年里，饺子在中国继续流行并多样化。户可知，在突厥之后的一千年里，饺子继续受

到人们的喜壹，并口出现了多种膨式,由此可推测出,“dumplingscertainlygatheredsteaminancientChina”

表示的是饺子无疑在古代中国很受欢迎。gathersteam意为“受欢迎，流行"，与becomepopular的意思最接

近。故选D。

26.主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealso

contributedtothespreadofdumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope.（除了突厥部落，一些

学者认为蒙古帝国也对饺子的传播做出了贡献，也许将饺子引入了东欧的部分地区。户和“TheMongolEmpire

alsocontrolledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumplingvarieties

wereintroducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemdumplings,whichmeans"littlelumps,.

DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Chinesetjiaozi,werebroughttoJapan.（蒙古帝国也控制了朝鲜，并可能在那里引

入了饺子,后来，随着中国饺子品种被引入更多的国家，讲英语的人开始称它们为饺子，意思是，小肿块

第二次世界大战期间，中国的，饺子'被带到了日本。户可知，第四段主要讲述了饺子的传播过程。故选A。

27.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousand

years.Insteadofihctraditionalmeatfilling,someuorninuniticsL：hosevegetarian（素食）duinplings.People

developednewcookingmethods.（在接下来的一千年里，饺子在中国继续流行并多样化。一些社会选择了素

食饺子，而不是传统的肉馅。人门开发了新的烹饪方法。）”和最后一段中的“However,wecanappreciatethe

mysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious.（然而，我们可以欣赏到使饺子如此多样化的神秘历史

之网。）“可知，饺子经过千年来的发展演变，有了不同的口味和烹饪方法，由此可推测出，用“多样化”（diverse）

最能描述饺子。故选B。

C

AnewstudyhasfoundthatsmilingatLondonbusdriversincreaseshappiness.Ilowever,ontheNumber24

bustoHampsteadHeath,Londonersarcsceptical,"Busdrivers,nsaysLizHands,apassenger,,karcgenerally

annoying.^^

ItmightseemimprobablethatareportonLondon'sbusescouldchangebehaviour.Butithashappenedbefore.

London'sbuseshaveanunderappreciatedroleinthehistoryofmedicalscience.Inthe1940s,asinglestudyof

London'stransportworkerstransformedepidemiology（流行病学），medicineandthewaywelivenow.Everytime

yougoonarun,checkyourstep-count,ortakethestairsinsteadofthelift,youarefollowingapathpioneeredby

thefeetoftheworkersonLondon'sbuses.

Inthelate1940s,doctorswereworried.Britain,likemanyrichcountries,wassufferingfroman“epidemic”of

heartdiseaseandnooneknewwhy.Varioushypotheses,suchasstress,weresuggested;butonethingthatwasnot

exercisingresearcherswasexercise.Theideathathealthandexercisewerelinked"wasn'itheacceptedfactthatwe

knewtoday"，saysNickWareham,aprofessorofepidemiologyatCambridgeUniversity.Someevenfeltthat”too

muchphysicalactivitywasabadthingfbryourhealth”.Minersandfarmerswhodidphysicalexercisealso

sufleredfromvariousdiseasesanddiedyoung.

AtthistimeayoungdoctorcalledJerryMorrisstartedtosuspectthattheincreasingdeathsfromheartdisease

mightbelinkedtooccupation.Hebeganstudyingthemedicalrecordsof31,000Londontransportworkers.His

findingswerebreathtaking:conductors,whospenttheirtimerunningupanddownstairs,hadanapproximately

30%lowerpossibilityofdiseasethandrivers,whosatdownallday.Exercisewaskeepingpeoplealive.

Morris'sresearchwaseventuallypublishedin1953,justthreeyearsafterastudybyRichardDollprovingthe

linkbetweensmokingandlungcancer.Morris'sworkhadconsequencesbothbigandsmall.Morrisnowalsotook

upexercise,handinghisjackettohisdaughterandjustrunning.tlPeoplethoughtIwasbananas/'Slowly,therestof

theworldtookoffitsjacketandfollowed.

28.Whydocstheauthormentionthenewstudyinthefirstparagraph?

A.Toclarifyaconcept.B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Topresenttheargument.D.Toprovideanexample.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“exercisingresearchers”inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Encouragingresearcherstoworkout.B.Helpingwithresearchers,inquiry.

C.Holdbackresearchers1progress.D.Drawingresearchers'attention.

30.HowdidMorrisconducthisstucyonthetransportemployees?

A.Bycarryingoutsurvey.B.Byobservingtheirroutines.

C.Bydoingmedicalexaminations.D.Byanalyzingthemedicaldata.

31.Whatisthebesttitlefbrthetext?

A.SmilingandItsEffectsonLondonBusDrivers.

B.TheEvolutionofLondon'sTransportationSystem.

C.HowLondonBusDriversLedtheworldtoexercise.

D.WhatLondonersThinkaboutStudiesonBusDrivers.

【答案】28.B29.D30.D31.C

【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了伦敦公共汽车上的工人曾经改变了人们如今的生活方式，曾经

人们认为锻炼有害身体，结果对工人的研究发现锻炼使人保持活力。

28.推理判断题。根据第newstudyhasfoundthatsmilingatLondonbusdriversincreaseshappiness.

However,ontheNumber24bustoHampsteadHeath,Londonersaresceptical.t4Busdrivers,MsaysLizHands,a

pa於enger,“aregenerallyannoying.”（一项新的研究发现，对伦敦公交司机微笑会增加幸福感。然而，在前往

汉普斯特德希思的24路公共汽车上，伦敦人持怀疑态度。”公交车司机，”乘客LizHands说，“通常都很烦

人。以及第二段“Inthe1940s,asinglestudyofLondon'stransportworkerstransformedepidemiology（流行病

学），medicineandthewaywelivenow.Everytimeyougoonarun,checkyourstep-count,ortakethestairs

insteadofthelift,youarefollowingapathpioneeredbythefeetoftheworkersonLondon'sbuses.（20世纪40年

代，一项针对伦敦运输工人的研究改变了流行病学、医学和我们现在的生活方式。每当你跑步、检查步数、

或走楼梯而不是乘电梯时，你都是在追随伦敦公共汽车上工人们的脚步）“可推知，作者在第•段提到了这项

新研究是为了引入文章话题。故选

29.词句猜测题°根据划线词“wasexercise”以及后文“Theideathathealthandexercisewerelinked"wasn'tthe

acceptedfactthatweknowtoday"，saysNickWareham,aprofessorofepidemiologyatCambridgeUniversity.

Someevenfeltthat“toomuchphysicalactivitywasabadthingforyourhealth”.Minersandfannerswhodid

physicalexercisealsosufferedfromvariousdiseasesanddiedyoung.（剑桥大学流行病学教授NickWareham表示,

健康和运动有关的观点“在当时并不是我们今天所知道的公认事实'些人甚至认为“过多的体育活动对你

的健康有害从事体育锻炼的矿工和农民也会患上各种疾病，英年早逝）”可知，当时认为锻炼会对健康有

害，即锻炼没有引起研究人员的注意。故划线词意思是“引起研究人员的注意故选D。

30.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“AtthistimeayoungdoctorcalledJerryMorrisstartedtosuspectthatthe

increasingdeathsfromheartdiseasemightbelinkedtooccupation.Hebeganstudyingthemedicalrecordsof

31,000Londontransportworkers.（这时，一位名叫杰瑞・莫里斯的年轻医生开始怀疑，心脏病死亡人数的增加

可能与职业有关。他开始研究31,000名伦敦交通工人的医疗记录）”可知，莫里斯通过解析运输员工的医疗

数据进行研究。故选D。

31.主旨大意题。根据第二段“ItmightseemimprobablethatareportonLondon'sbusescouldchangebehaviour.

Butithashappenedbefore.London'sbuseshaveanunderappreciatedroleinthehistoryofmedicalscience.Inthe

1940s,asinglestudyofLondon'stransportworkerstransformedepidemiology（流行病学），medicineandtheway

welivenow.Everytimeyougoonarun,checkyourstep-count,ortakethestairsinsteadofth?lift,youare

followingapathpioneeredbythefeetoftheworkersonLondon'sbuses.（一份关于伦敦公交车的报告似乎不太

可能改变人们的行为。但这种情况以前也发生过。伦敦的公共汽车在医学科学史上的作用被低估了。20世

纪40年代，一项针对伦敦交通工人的研究改变了流行病学、医学和我们现在的生活方式。每当你跑步、检

查步数、或走楼梯而不是乘电梯时，你都是在追随伦敦公共汽车上工人们的脚步）''结合文章主要说明了伦敦

公共汽车上的工人曾经改变了人们如今的生活方式，曾经人们认为锻炼有害身体，结果对工人的研究发现

锻炼使人保持活力。可知，C选项“伦敦巴士司机如何引领世界运动“最符合文章标题。故选C，

D

Re-purposingdiaperstomakebuildingmaterialswouldreduce:heamountofgarbagethatgoestoalandfill.It

couldalsomakehomesmoreaffordable.Maybegivinguseddiapersanewusecouldhelptacklebothproblems.

Buildingmaterial—especiallyIhosethatareusedfbrstrengtheningstnictures—areoftenexpensive.They're

oftenthebiggesthurdletomakinghomesaffordable.Soresearchershavepreviouslyinvestigatedunusualmaterials

thatcouldsavecosts.Thesematerialsincludedmanythatwouldotherwisepileupaswaste,suchasflyash.

“ThereisabigneedindevelopingcountriessuchastheSoutheastAsiannation,Indonesia.There,demandfbr

low-costhousingoutstripswhat'savailable.ThenumberofpeopleinIndonesia'scitieshasclimbedbyabout4

percentperyearinthelast30years.By2025,morethantwo-thirdsofIndonesiansareexpectedtoliveinurban

areas.Indonesia'spopulationbocmisintensifyingthedemandfbrhousing,“saysSiswantiZuraida,an

environmentalengineerinIndonesia.

“Despitetheneedfbrmoreaffordablehousing,therearesignificantproblemsthatstandinthewayofadopting

diapers,''Zuraidasays.Useddiapersconlainwoodpulp,coltonandplastic,whicharcpotentiallyusefulbuilding

materials.Diapersplasticcomponentswouldhavetobeseparatedfromtheorganicfibers,acomplicatedrecycling

processcurrentlyavailableonlyindevelopednations.AndIndonesia'sbuildingregulationsrestrict

together-materialstobricks,wood,steelandconcrete（whichisusedtoholdbrickstogether）—materialsthatalso

bearahighcostintermsofcarbonemissions.

Butreusingdiapersmightnotbethatenvironmentallyfriendly,especiallyonalargescale,"It'strickyto

separatedirtydiapersfromwasteanddisinfectthem.Soitwouldtakealotofenergytorecyclediapers.It'smaybe

worthwhiletostartthinkingaboutwaystoreplacesingle-usediaperswithsomethinglessfrequentlythrownaway,“

saysChristofSchrofl,achemistwhoworksatTcchnischcUnivcrsitatDresdeninGermany.

32.Whichstatementdescribestheiccaofre-purposingdiapersbest?

A.Nopains,nogains.B.Wastenot,wantnot.

C.Killtwobirdswithonestone.D.Greatmindsthinkalike.

33.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph2?

A.Phase.B.Barrier.C.Goal.D.Advantage.

34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?

A.ItisillegaltousediapersasbuildingmaterialinIndonesia.

B.Makingbuildingmaterialshaslittleeffectonclimatewarming.

C.Theplasticcomponentsindiaperscanmakebuildingsstronger.

D.Developedcountrieshavedifficultyseparatingorganicfibersondiapers.

35.WhatisSchrofl'sattitudetowarcsreusingdiapers?

A.Indifferent.B.Supportive.C.Admiring.D.Objective.

【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.D

【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了将尿布再利用作为建筑材料，可以减少进入垃圾填埋场的垃圾

数量，同时让人们更负担得起住房。

32.推理判断题“根据第•段”Repurposingdiaperstomakebuildingmaterialswouldreduce:heamountof

garbagethatgoestoalandfill.Itcouldalsomakehomesmoreaftbrdable.（将纸尿裤重新用于制造建筑材料将减

少进入垃圾填埋场的垃圾数量。它还可以让人们更负担得起住房）“可推知，尿布的再利用属于一举两得。故

选Co

33.词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Buildingmaterial—especiallythosethatareusedfbrstrengtheningstructures

—areoftenexpensive/建筑材料----尤其是那些用来加固结构的材料----通常都很昂贵）”以及后文“to

makinghomesafibnlablc”可知，建筑材料昂贵是人们买得起房了的障碍。由此可知，划线词意思是“障碍

故选Bo

34.推理判断题。根据第四段“AndIndonesia'sbuildingregulationsrestricttogether-materialstobricks,wood,

steelandconcrete（whichisusedtoholdbrickstogether）—materialsthatalsobearahighcostintermsofcarbon

emissions4此外，印尼的建筑法规将“合材”材料限制为砖块、木材、钢材和混凝土（用于将砖块粘合在一起）

——这些材料在碳排放方面也承担着高昂的成本厂可推知，在印尼，川尿布做建筑材料是违法的。故选A。

35.推埋判断题。根据最后一段'"'It'strickytoseparatedirtydiapersfromwasteanddisinfectthem.Soitwould

takealotofenergytorecyclediapers.It'smaybeworthwhiletostartthinkingaboutwaystoreplacesingle-use

diaperswithsomethinglessfrequentlythrownaway,“saysChristofSchrofl,achemistwhoworksatTcchnischc

Universit出DresdeninGermany.，将脏尿布与垃圾分开并消毒是件棘手的事情。所以回收尿布需要很多能源。

德国德累斯顿工业技术学院的化学家ChristofSchrofl说：“也许开始考虑用不那么经常被扔掉的东西取代一

次性尿布是值得的。”户可推知，施罗德对尿布重复使用的态度是客观的。故选

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Haveyouevercaughtawhiffofsomethingandbeenstronglyremindedofapersonorplace?Thereseemsto

beadeeppsychologicallinkbetweensmellsandourmemory.Someresearchevensuggeststhatsmellscan

influenceourcognition.

36RojaDove,aperfumer,toldtheBBCthatwhenwearebom,theolfactorybulb（嗅球），whichisthe

areainourbrainthatprocessessmell,isempty,withoutpre-existinginformationorassociation.37Whenwe

smellanodour（气味）again,theoriginalanduniquememorycomesfloodingbackbecauseoftheassociation

acquiredinoutpreviousexperience.

Ourawarenessofsmellsisprimarilyunconscious.38But,low-levelsmellsarestillpickedupbecause

thescentreceptors（感受器）inourbrainarcsopowerfulthatweunconsciouslyregisterthem.Infact,various

studieshavefoundtheclfhctcryhnlhsendsmoreneiirnns（神经元）tomereareasofnurhrainthanm）rhearingor

vision.

Researchsuggeststhatthepowerofsmellcan-alsoaffecthowthebrainperforms39.MarkMossat

NorthumbriaUniversity'sPsychologyDepartmentdiscoveredthatcertainessentialoils,suchaspeppermint,

positivelyimpactcognition,androsemary'ssentcanenhancememory.Healsostudiedlavender（薰衣草），which

hesays“tendstoimpairmemoryandslowreactiontime”.Butresearchbyothershasshownittobeusefulin

reducingpre-treatmentanxietyindentalandmedicalsituations.

40Thenexttimeafamiliarsmellbringsbackaspecialmemory,justrememberthatyournoseisworking

wonders.

A.Whydosmellstakeusback?

B.So,don'ttakeyournosefbrgranted.

C.Howisthesenseofsmellconnectedtoyourbrain?

D.Scentscanrevivememories（hathavebeenlongforgotten.

E.Wearenotactivelyawareofthemunlesstheyareextremelystrong.

F.Thisisespeciallytruewhenitcomestothefragranceofessentialoils.

G.Therefore,ourresponsestosmellsarclearntandhighlyindividualized.

【答案】36.C37.G38.E39.F40.B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气味可以影响我们的认知。

36.根据下文“RojaDove,aperfumer,tokitheBBCthatwhenwearebom,theolfactorybulb（嗅球），whichisthe

areainourbrainthatprocessessmell,isempty,withoutpre-existinginformationorassociation.（香水师RojaDove

告诉BBC,当我们出生时，我们大脑中处理气味的嗅球是空的，没有预先存在的信息或联系）“可知，此处

是在说明嗅觉与大脑的关系，因此选择项C“Howisthesenseofsmellconnectedtoyourbrain?（嗅觉是如何连

接到你的大脑的？厂符合语境。故选C。

37.根据卜文“Whenwesmellanodour（气味）again,theoriginalanduniquememorycomesHoodingback

becauseoftheassociationacquiredinoutpreviousexperience.（当我们再次闻到一种气味时,由卜我们先前经验

中获得的联想，最初的和独特的记忆会大量涌现户可知，我们是后天获得的对气味的反应。因此选择项

GtkTherefore,ourresponsestosmellsarelearntandhighlyindividualized/因此，我们对气味