专题15 阅读还原精练【考题猜想】解析版

第十三讲：阅读还原精练Passage1（2023年广州中考试题）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1-5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Yearsago,greenwassimplyacolor.Nowit’smuchmore!Inthe1970s,somepeoplebegantoworryaboutwhatwedidtomotherEarth.___1___Itisabigideathattouchesgovernmentsallovertheworld,andasmallideathattouchesusallinourhomes.Architects(建筑师)andbuildingengineersarethinkingabouthowtomakebuildingsgreener.Thesedays,greenarchitectureisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.____2____Weneedtobeverycarefulaboutthematerials(材料)weuse.Itisbettertochooserenewablematerials-thosethattheEarthreplacesquickly.____3____Also,forthosematerialsthatarenotrenewable,weneedtousethemaslittleaspossible.OurmotherEarthhasofferedusmanyotherpossibilities,suchaswindandsolarpower.Plannersmustthinkabouttheneedsofthosewhowillspendtimeingreenbuildings.Inmanycases,greenenergyismorecomfortableforpeople.____4____Naturallightingisoftenkindertotheeyesthanelectriclighting.Infact,manypeoplewholiveorworkingreenbuildingsreportfeelinghappierandhealthier.____5____Forexample,theymighttrytouseaslittlelandaspossible.Ifabuildingcoversalargearea,therewillbelessspaceforplantsandtrees.Theyalsohavetothinkaboutcuttingdownwasteandpollutionwhilethebuildingworkisgoingon.Althoughgreenbuildingsaremoreexpensivetobuild,theyarelessexpensivetorun.A.Orwecanreusesomematerials.B.Asaresult,greenthinkingwasborn.C.Tounderstandit,wehavetolookatthreedifferentareas.D.Forexample,naturalwindbringspeoplecleanerandfresherair.E.Architectsmustconsiderwhatthebuildingwilldototheenvironment.【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.E【解析】本文主要介绍绿色建筑。1.根据“Itisabigideathattouchesgovernmentsallovertheworld,andasmallideathattouchesusallinourhomes.”可知此处介绍了一个想法，大到影响全世界的政府，小到影响我们每个人的家，结合下文可知与绿色相关。故选项B“因此，绿色思维诞生了”符合语境，故选B。2.根据“Weneedtobeverycarefulaboutthematerials(材料)weuse.”及下文可知此处介绍了绿色建筑需要考虑的事情，如使用的材料等。故选项C“为了理解它，我们不得不看到三个区域”符合语境，故选C。3.根据“Itisbettertochooserenewablematerials-thosethattheEarthreplacesquickly.”可知此处介绍的是可再生的材料，接下来也应是类似的绿色材料。故选项A“或者我们可以重复使用一些材料”符合语境，故选A。4.根据“Inmanycases,greenenergyismorecomfortableforpeople.”可知此处介绍的是绿色能源，故选项D“例如，自然风带给人们更干净和更清新的空气”符合语境，故选D。5.根据“Forexample,theymighttrytouseaslittlelandaspossible.Ifabuildingcoversalargearea,therewillbelessspaceforplantsandtrees.Theyalsohavetothinkaboutcuttingdownwasteandpollutionwhilethebuildingworkisgoingon.”可知此处介绍的是绿色建筑对环境方面的考虑，故选项E“建筑师必须考虑建筑对环境的影响”符合语境，故选E。Passage2（2023年山东济南中考试题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wealllovespendingtimebythesea.Someluckyonesmightliveonthecoastandenjoythebenefits(益处)allaroundtheyear.____1____Mostofuswouldsaywefeelhealthierbytheocean.Inthepast,doctorswouldactuallysuggestspendingtimebytheseatotheirpatients.Andresearchhasshownthatpeoplewholiveonthecoastaremorelikelytobelievetheirhealthisgoodcomparedtothoselivinginacity.Sohowdowebenefit,exactly?Well,tostartwith,it’sgreatforourmental(心理)health.Scientistshavediscoveredthatwehavesomethingcalledabluemind.Theyhaveshownthatwatching,listeningtothewaves(海浪)orbeingintheoceanhelpsourbrainsslowdown.____2____Thisiswhypeoplewhohavetroublesleepingareoftentoldtolistentorecordingsofthesoundofwaveshittingthebeachtohelpthemrelaxatbedtime.____3____Wegooutalotmorewhenwe’reonholidaybythesea.Weoftenbecomemoreactiveonholidaysandpeoplewholiveonthecoastareusuallymoreactivetoo.____4____Walkingonsandrequiresmoreeffortthanonthepavement.Andtheseaairisgoodforpeoplewithbreathingproblemstoo.Thereislesspollutionintheairneartheoceanandinautumnandwintertheairisfresher.Thisishealthierthanthedryairinhomeswithcentralheating.Ithasevenbeenfoundthatthechemicalsinseawatermayhelpushavehealthyskin.____5____Welookforwardsomuchtohavingournextone!A.Breathingtheairinthecitymakesyoumoreactive.B.Othersusuallyhavetowaitforthenextvacation.C.Beingbytheseaisalsogoodforourphysicalhealth.D.Kidsespeciallyliketohavefunbytheseainsummer.E.Naturallyweoftenfeelsogreatattheendofaseasideholiday.F.Thesoundofthemcanhelpusrelaxandfeelfreefromstress.G.Andifyoutakeyourwalksonthebeach,thisisalotbetter.【答案】1.B2.F3.C4.G5.E【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍如何从海边受益。1.根据“Someluckyonesmightliveonthecoastandenjoythebenefits(益处)allaroundtheyear.”可知，一些幸运的人可能住在海边，一年四季都能享受到好处。结合选项，此处是some...others...结构，选项B“其他人通常要等到下一个假期。”符合语境，故选B。2.根据“Theyhaveshownthatwatching,listeningtothewaves(海浪)orbeingintheoceanhelpsourbrainsslowdown.”可知，他们已经证明，观察、倾听海浪或在海洋中可以帮助我们的大脑慢下来。此处提到帮助我们慢下来的大海的声音，选项F“它们的声音可以帮助我们放松，摆脱压力。”符合语境，故选F。3.根据“Wegooutalotmorewhenwe’reonholidaybythesea.Weoftenbecomemoreactiveonholidaysandpeoplewholiveonthecoastareusuallymoreactivetoo.”可知，当我们在海边度假时，我们外出的次数要多得多。我们经常在假期变得更活跃，住在海边的人通常也更活跃。此处提到在海边对人们的好处，选项C“在海边对我们的身体健康也有好处。”符合语境，故选C。4.根据“Walkingonsandrequiresmoreeffortthanonthepavement.”可知，在沙滩上行走比在人行道上行走更费力气。此处提到在沙滩上行走，选项G“如果你在沙滩上散步，这就好多了。”符合语境，故选G。5.根据“Welookforwardsomuchtohavingournextone!”可知，我们非常期待我们的下一次，因为度假的经历很棒，所以期待下一次在海边度假。选项E“在海边度假结束时，我们自然会感觉很棒。”符合语境，故选E。Passage3（2023年山东青岛中考试题）根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。EnjoyNaturewithForaging(搜寻)!Doyouenjoywalkinginnature?Doyoulikelearningabouttreesandplants?____31____.Foragingisalotlikelookingforatreasure.Youlookaroundinplaceslikeforestsandlakestofinddifferentkindsofplantsthatyoucaneat.Foragingisalotoffun.____32____.Someoftheseplantsaredangerous.Someofthemaregoodtoeat.Youcanspendmanyrelaxinghourswalkingaroundinthewild,lookingforgoodplantstoeat.____33____.Itisexcitingandchallengingtofindplantsthatyoucaneat,butdonoteatthemuntilyouareverysureofwhattheyare.Beforeyougoforaging,takeaclassaboutit.Learnhowthedifferentkindsofplantsthatyoucaneatlookinthewild.Practicefindingthemwithyourforagingteacher.Thenjoinagroupofforagers.____34____.Nevereatanythinguntilyouare100%sureofwhatitis.Somepeoplehavebecomesickbyaccidentbecausetheyateawildplantthatwasdangerous.Foragersfollowsomeimportantrules.Theydonotcollectalloftheplantsinonearea.Ifyoutakealltheplantsfromonearea,nomorewillgrowthere.____35____,likebyaroadorparkinglot.Iftheareaisverydirty,theplantstherewillnotbegoodtoeatandmaymakeyouverysick.A.YouranswerisyesB.YoumaylikeforagingC.LookforwildplantstogetherD.DonotlookforplantsinareaswithalotofcarsE.Whileforagingisalotoffun,youstillhavetobecarefulF.Whenyouwalkintheforest,youcanfindmanykindsofplants【答案】1.B2.F3.E4.C5.D【解析】本文主要讲在搜寻中享受大自然。1.根据“Foragingisalotlikelookingforatreasure.”可知此处提到了可能喜欢搜寻，B项“你可能喜欢搜寻”符合语境。故选B。2.根据“Someoftheseplantsaredangerous.Someofthemaregoodtoeat.”可知搜寻中发现了植物，F项“当你在森林里散步时，你可以发现许多种类的植物”符合语境。故选F。3.根据“Itisexcitingandchallengingtofindplantsthatyoucaneat,butdonoteatthemuntilyouareverysureofwhattheyare.”可知要小心，不能随便吃，E项“虽然搜寻很有趣，但你还是要小心”符合语境。故选E。4.根据“Thenjoinagroupofforagers.”可知可以加入团队一起搜寻，C项“一起寻找野生植物”符合语境。故选C。5.根据“likebyaroadorparkinglot”可知路边或停车场汽车多，D项“不要在有很多汽车的地区寻找植物”符合语境。故选D。Passage4（2023年四川成都中考试题）补全短文根据短文内容，从短文后的A～F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。Moneymaynotbuyhappiness,butithelps.Manyteenagerswanttolearnhowtomanagemoneybeforegoingoutintotheworld.___1___ThisideaisraisedbyDr.MaraHarvey,amoneyexpert.Thefollowingaresomeofhertips.Learntomakemoney.Askparentsorneighborsifyoucandochorestomakepocketmoney.Thesecouldincludewashingacarortakingthedogforawalk.___2___Inthisway,youcanalsoimproveyourcommunicationskills,whichwillhelpwhenyouhaveagrown-upjob,too.Helpyourmoneygrow.Moneycan’tgrowifit’ssittinginsideapiggybank.Putyourmoneyinthebankandyoucangetinterest(利息).___3___Onedayyoumayfeelsurprisedathowmuchmoneyyouhave.Makeaplan.Ifyouhaveabigevent,suchasaholidaycomingup,itmightmeanyouwillneedtospendmoreofyourpocketmoney.Trymakingaplanforspendingandsaving.___4___Thenitwillhelpyoutakecontrolofyourmoney.___5___Figureouthowmuchyoucanreasonablyspendeachmonth.Spendyourmoneyonwhatyoutrulyneed.Thentrytocutdownonspending.Forexample,ratherthaneatingout,youcanchoosetocookathome.A.Spendyourmoneywisely.B.Besmartwithyourmoney.C.Setagoalofsavingmoney.D.Saveyourmoneyinthelongrun.E.Agreeonthevalueofdifferentjobsbeforeyoustart.F.Writedownhowmuchmoneyyouhaveandwhatyouarespending.【答案】1.B2.E3.D4.F5.A【解析】本文主要介绍了由拉·哈维博士提出如何理财的一些建议。1.根据“Manyteenagerswanttolearnhowtomanagemoneybeforegoingoutintotheworld”及“ThisideaisraisedbyDr.MaraHarvey,amoneyexpert”可知，此处提出了一个有关理财的理念，B选项“善于理财”符合，故选B。2.根据“Inthisway,youcanalsoimproveyourcommunicationskills,whichwillhelpwhenyouhaveagrown-upjob,too.”可知，此处提出了一个可以帮助提高沟通技巧的方式，并且这种方式对以后的一些工作有帮助，E选项“在你开始之前，就不同工作的价值达成一致”符合，故选E。3.根据“Putyourmoneyinthebankandyoucangetinterest”可知，此处的建议与存在银行有关，D选项“从长远来看，要存钱”符合，故选D。4.根据“Trymakingaplanforspendingandsaving”可知，制定一个消费和储蓄的计划，F选项“写下你有多少钱，你要花多少钱写下你有多少钱，你要花多少钱”符合，故选F。5.根据“Spendyourmoneyonwhatyoutrulyneed”可知，要理智地消费，A选项“明智地花钱”符合，故选A。Passage5（2023年湖北荆州中考试题）阅读下面短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。Oneafternoon,yourcomputershutoffallofasudden.Itwascausedbyablackout(断电).__1___Thetrafficlightsonthestreetsalsostoppedworking.BlackoutscanhappenatanytimeIt’simportanttobepreparedforablackout.Hereareafewtipsforyou.Keepaflashlightineveryroomofyourhome.__2___However,ifablackoutlastsforseveralhours,youmightwanttosavethatphonechargeforothertasks.___3___Butpleasebecarefulwhileusingthem.Youcanneverbetoocarefulwithfire.___4___Cannedfoodwouldworkwellhere.Also,remembertokeepsomebottledwaterathome.Ifyourfamilyhasmedicinethatneedstobekeptcold,makesureyouhavesomeicepacksready.___5___Whenablackouthits,onlyopenyourfridgewhenyouneedthemedicine–thecoldairinsiderunsawayeachtimeit’sopened.A.Keepsomecandlesandmatches.B.Sure,yourmobilephonehasaflashlight.C.Keepsomefoodthatdoesn’trequirecooking.D.Putthemalongwiththemedicineinyourfridge.E.Withoutelectricity,peoplecouldn’twork,cookorwatchTV.【答案】1.E2.B3A4.C5.D【解析】本文主要介绍了断电在任何时候发生，为停电做好准备是很重要的，就此本文提出了一些建议。1.根据“Itwascausedbyablackout”及“Thetrafficlightsonthestreetsalsostoppedworking”可知，此处介绍断电带来的不便之处，E选项“没有电，人们不能工作，做饭或看电视”符合，故选E。2.根据“Keepaflashlightineveryroomofyourhome”可知，此处提到了与可以照亮的物品有关的内容，B选项“当然，你的手机有手电筒”符合，故选B。3.根据“Butpleasebecarefulwhileusingthem.Youcanneverbetoocarefulwithfire”可知，此处提到了“火”，所以接下来提醒要小心火，A选项“准备一些蜡烛和火柴”符合，故选A。4.根据“Cannedfoodwouldworkwellhere”可知，家里要保留一些像罐头这样不需要烹饪的食物，C选项“保留一些不需要烹饪的食物”符合，故选C。5.根据“Ifyourfamilyhasmedicinethatneedstobekeptcold,makesureyouhavesomeicepacksready”可知，接下来介绍准备好的冰袋如何处理，D选项“把它们和药一起放在冰箱里”符合，故选D。Passage6（2023年湖南长沙中考试题）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。HowtoImproveYourReadingLearninghowtoreadwellinEnglishmightnotbeaneasytask.____1___ReadingwellinEnglishisusefulformanyreasons,notonlyfortakingtests.IfyouwanttoimproveyourreadinginEnglish,thefollowingarejustforyou!Chooserightreadingmaterials(材料).Therearesomanychoices!Therearetextbooksandgradedreaders,buttherearealsoalotmorebooksyoucanread.____2____Hereisagoodruletofollow:choosereadingmaterialswhereyouunderstandatleast80%ofthecontent(内容).Beintentional(意图明确的).Beingintentionalmeansdoingsomethingonpurposewithareasoninmind.Withreading,youneedtobeintentionalbysettingareadingaim.Decideonacertainnumberofpagesyouwanttoreadeachday.____3____Tomakesureyourdailypracticegetsdone,sparesometimeandputitinyourstudyplan!____4____Readingcanbothintroduceyoutonewvocabulary(词汇)andteachyouhowtousethem.ManywordsinEnglishareoftenusedtogetherinaconsistent(相互连贯的)way.Readinggroupsofwords,orwordsthatgotogether,willhelpyoubetterunderstandhowtouseyournewvocabulary.Don’ttrytounderstandeverything.Asyou’repracticingyourreadingyouneedtoacceptthefactthatyoumightnotunderstandeverysingleword,andthat’sOK!Yourbraincan’tlearnsomanynewthingsatonetime.It’smoreimportanttogetthebigpictureofwhatyouarereading.___5____A.Readwordgroups.B.Don’tchooseabookthatistooeasyortoodifficult.C.Youcouldalsobeintentionalwithplanningatimetoread.D.Butit’ssomethingyou’llhavetodoonyourlanguagelearningjourney.E.Andyoucangobacktocheckthenewthingsyoudon’tunderstandlater.【答案】1.D2B3C4.A5.E【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍如何提高你的阅读。1.根据“LearninghowtoreadwellinEnglishmightnotbeaneasytask.”可知，学习如何用英语阅读可能不是一件容易的事，但确是必做的事。选项D“但这是你在学习语言的过程中必须要做的。”符合语境，故选D。2.根据“Chooserightreadingmaterials.”和“choosereadingmaterialswhereyouunderstandatleast80%ofthecontent”可知，本段就选择正确的阅读材料给出建议，建议选择至少理解80%内容的阅读材料，选项B“不要选择太容易或太难的书。”符合语境，故选B。3.根据“Decideonacertainnumberofpagesyouwanttoreadeachday.”可知，确定你每天要读的页数，此处与计划相关，选项C“你也可以有意识地计划一个阅读时间。”符合语境，故选C。4.根据“Readingcanbothintroduceyoutonewvocabularyandteachyouhowtousethem.”可知，阅读既可以向你介绍新词汇，也可以教你如何使用它们。本段与新词汇相关，选项A“阅读词组。”符合语境，故选A。5.根据“Asyou’repracticingyourreading,youneedtoacceptthefactthatyoumightnotunderstandeverysingleword,andthat’sOK!”可知，当你在练习阅读时，你需要接受你可能不理解每个单词的事实，这没关系！可以读完再回头检查不理解的部分，选项E“你可以回头检查你不理解的新东西。”符合语境，故选E。Passage7（2023年江苏连云港中考试题）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。“Ifeelmyheartbeating,myeyeswidenandalmostautomatically(自动地),Istarttosmile,”PrayitnoGoenartosaid.Thisishowhefeelswhenheseesanewkindofbird.GoenartoisabirdwatcherandwildlifephotographerfromIndonesia.Heisnow31yearsold.Whenhebecamesickincollege,hisdoctoraskedhimtogooutmoreoftenforsunlight,exerciseandfreshair.____1____Abirdwatcherneedstoknowalotandbebraveandstrong.Goenartospendsmostofhistimeworkinginthewild.Heknowswhereandwhentofinddifferentkindsofbirds.Sometimeshehastogodeepintotheforesttofindtheshybirds.____2____Hemightgetlost.Hehastolookoutforsnakesandsomebiganimals.Once,Goenartowenttoafarawayislandtolookforsomerarebirds.____3____Heworkedinwetclothesforthewholetrip.Goenartoloveshiswork.Birdwatchinghelpshimstayhealthyandhecanmakefriendswithotherbirdwatchers.____4____Thishelpsmorepeoplelearnaboutbirdsandtakeactiontoprotectthem.That’sthebestpartofthejob!____5____Theystudyandprotecttherarebirds.TerryTownshendisaBritishbirdwatcherinChina.HehasstudiedBeijingswiftsforovertenyears.XuZhuoprotectsred-crownedcranesinHeilongjiang.Herfather,auntandgrandparentsalsospenttheirlifetimelookingafterthebirds.Nowtheyounggirlhasthejob.A.Itcanbedangerous.B.Itrainedheavilyeveryday.C.Mostbirdsareactiveinthedaytime.D.That’swhenhestartedwatchingbirds.E.Ifwedonothing,theremaybenoneleftsoon.F.Moreover,hecatcheswonderfulmomentsofbirds.G.InChina,therearelotsofbirdwatcherslikeGoenarto.【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.F5.G【解析】本文介绍了PrayitnoGoenarto作为一名观鸟者和野生动物摄影师的工作。1.根据“Whenhebecamesickincollege,hisdoctoraskedhimtogooutmoreoftenforsunlight,exerciseandfreshair.”可知，此处介绍Goenarto成为观鸟者的背景。选项D“从那时起，他开始观察鸟类。”符合语境。故选D。2.根据“Hemightgetlost.Hehastolookoutforsnakesandsomebiganimals.”可知，此处介绍了Goenarto在野外遇到的危险。选项A“这可能很危险。”符合语境。故选A。3.根据“Heworkedinwetclothesforthewholetrip.”可知，此处介绍Goenarto总是穿着湿衣服工作，说明天在下雨。选项B“每天都下大雨。”符合语境。故选B。4.根据“Thishelpsmorepeoplelearnaboutbirdsandtakeactiontoprotectthem.That’sthebestpartofthejob!”可知，此处介绍Goenarto的工作让人们更多地去了解鸟类。选项F“此外，他还捕捉到了鸟类的精彩时刻。”符合语境。故选F。5.根据“Theystudyandprotecttherarebirds.TerryTownshendisaBritishbirdwatcherinChina.”可知，此处介绍一些其他观鸟者。选项G“在中国，有很多像Goenarto这样的观鸟者。”符合语境。故选G。Passage8（2023年湖北黄冈中考试题）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。（每个选项只用一次，选项中有一项为多余选项）Sometimeswemayforgetsomethingeasily.Don’tworry.Ifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory,pleasefollowme.____1____Myfirstadviceisthatifyouwanttoremembersomethingwell,youhavetoreviewitregularly(有规律地).Afteryoulearnthematerial,youneedtoreviewitrightaway,thentwodayslater,thenaweeklater,thentwoweekslater,andthenamonthlater.____2____Mysecondadviceistomarktheimportantpartsofyourbook.Thiswillhelpyouintwoways.Ontheonehand,itwillhelpyouconcentrateon(专注于)themostimportantparts.Itisalwayseasiertorememberonlythekeypoints.____3____Whenyouopenyourbook,thecoloredpartswillshowyouthemostimportantpartsatonce.Inthisway,youneedn’treadeverywordagain.____4___Onegoodtimeformemorizinginformationisintheevening.Reviewwhatyouhavelearntbeforegoingtobed.Itwillbekeptinyourminddeeply.Theothergoodtimeisinthemorningbecauseyouhavejustrestedandyourbrainisfreshandclear.___5____Rememberalltheadviceabove,andyourmemorywillbebetterandbetter.A.Ontheotherhand,thiswillmakereviewingeasier.B.Hereissomeadvicetohelpimproveyourmemory.C.Anotherpieceofadviceistoreviewatapropertime.D.Youhavetoreadthewholebookfromthebeginningtotheend.E.Soit’seasytomemorizetheimportantinformationinthemorning.F.Afteramonth,youwillfindthatyoucanrememberthematerialeasily.【答案】1.B2.F3.A4.C5.E【解析】本文主要介绍了几个可以帮助提高记忆力的建议。1.根据“Ifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory,pleasefollowme.”以及“Myfirstadvice...”“Mysecondadviceisto...”可知下文主要介绍了几个提高记忆力的建议，选项B“这里有一些建议可以帮助你提高记忆力”符合语境。故选B。2.根据“Afteryoulearnthematerial,youneedtoreviewitrightaway,thentwodayslater,thenaweeklater,thentwoweekslater,andthenamonthlater.”可知在一个月复习之后，会记住这些东西，选项F“一个月后，你会发现你很容易记住材料”符合语境。故选F。3.根据“Ontheonehand,itwillhelpyouconcentrateon(专注于)themostimportantparts.Itisalwayseasiertorememberonlythekeypoints”可知此处说明做标记的另一个好处，选项A“另一方面，这将使复习更容易”符合语境。故选A。4.根据“Onegoodtimeformemorizinginformationisintheevening”可知本段介绍的建议和复习时间有关，选项C“另一个建议是在适当的时候复习”符合语境。故选C。5.根据“Theothergoodtimeisinthemorningbecauseyouhavejustrestedandyourbrainisfreshandclear”可知早上的时候，大脑非常清晰，所以早上也是记忆的好时间，选项E“所以早上很容易记住重要的信息”符合语境。故选E。Passage9（2023年广州天河区一模试题）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。Payingforbusrideswithplasticusuallymakespeoplethinkofplasticbuscards.ButoneIndonesiancityhasdecidedtoacceptrecyclableplasticwasteinplaceofmoneyforcitybuses.Surabaya,Indonesia’ssecondlargestcity,madethisdecisioninApril,2018.___1___Atwo-hourbusridecosts10plasticcupsor5bottles.Indonesiaisthesecondlargestoceanplasticpolluter,producingupto2.4milliontonsofplasticwasteintotheoceanseveryyear.___2___That’swhythecitymadethisdecision.Ithopestoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironment,especiallyaboutplasticwaste.Eachcitybuscancollectupto550poundsofplasticbottlesandcupseveryday.Thecollectedbottlesaresoldtorecyclingcompanies,andthemoneymadefromitgoestowardsrunningthebuscompaniesandprovidingmoneyforgreenspaceinthecity.___3___Thedecisionispartofthecity’spurpose—tobecomeplasticwaste-freeby2020.___4___Thenewbusesareair-conditioned,comfortableandeasyforelderlyanddisabledpassengerstogetonandoff.Theprogrammeiswellreceived.PeopleinSurabayasaid,“___5___Itisawin-winsituation.”Thistypeofprogrammecanbeamodelforothercitiesworldwideandencouragecitizenstorecycletheirplasticwaste.A.Thisiscertainlyturningrubbishintoanationaltreasure.B.InSurabayaonly,nearly400tonsofplasticwasteisproducedeveryday.C.Wecanreducewaste,soitdoesn’tpileupathomebecausewecanmakegooduseofitD.Inordertoencouragelocalpeopletotakebuses,thecityalsoaddedthenewSuroboyobuses.E.Now,localscanpayfortheirbusridesbyputtingplasticcupsorbottlesdirectlyonthebus.【答案】1.E2.B3.A4.D5.C【解析】本文主要介绍了印尼的第二大城市Surabaya采用可回收的塑料支付公交车的费用，这个举措提高了公众的环境意识，尤其使人们对塑料垃圾的认识。1.根据“Atwo-hourbusridecosts10plasticcupsor5bottles.”乘坐两个小时的公交车需要10个塑料杯或5个瓶子。可知此处说的应是人们可以用塑料支付公交车的费用。选项E“现在，当地人可以直接在公交车上放塑料杯或塑料瓶来支付乘坐公交车的费用”，符合语境。故选E。2.根据“Indonesiaisthesecondlargestoceanplasticpolluter,producingupto2.4milliontonsofplasticwasteintotheoceanseveryyear.”印度尼西亚是第二大海洋塑料污染国，每年向海洋产生多达240万吨塑料垃圾，以及“That’swhythecitymadethisdecision.”这就是该市做出这一决定的原因。可知此处应该说的是这个城市塑料污染的情况。选项B“仅在Surabaya，每天就产生近400吨塑料垃圾”，符合语境，故选B。3.根据“Thecollectedbottlesaresoldtorecyclingcompanies,andthemoneymadefromitgoestowardsrunningthebuscompaniesandprovidingmoneyforgreenspaceinthecity.”收集到的瓶子被卖给回收公司，从中赚的钱用于运营公交公司和为城市绿地提供资金。可知此处说的应是这项决定的好处。选项A“这无疑是在把垃圾变成国家财富”，符合语境。故选A。4.根据“Thenewbusesareair-conditioned,comfortableandeasyforelderlyanddisabledpassengerstogetonandoff.”新巴士装有空调，舒适，方便老年人和残疾乘客上下车。可知此处应该说的是新的公交车。选项D“为了鼓励当地人乘坐公交车，该市还增加了新的Suroboyo公交车”，符合语境。故选D。5.根据“Thistypeofprogrammecanbeamodelforothercitiesworldwideandencouragecitizenstorecycletheirplasticwaste.”这类计划可以成为世界其他城市的典范，鼓励市民回收塑料垃圾。可知此处说的应是塑料垃圾的回收利用。选项C“我们可以减少浪费，这样它就不会堆积在家里，因为我们可以很好地利用它”，符合语境。故选C。Passage10（2023年广州越秀一模中考试题）阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空自处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。HaveyouheardoftheAPPChatGPT?____1____Itoffersprivateandgroupchats,emojis,stickers,images,andvideos,andmakesconversationsmoreinterestingandattractive.ThedialogueformatmakesitpossibleforChatGPTtoanswerquestions,admititsmistakesandrefuseimproperrequirements.____2____However,anAPPnamedGPTZerocanhelptopreventthat.EdwardTianisacomputersciencestudentatPrincetonUniversity.The22-year-oldcreatedGPTZeroinresponseto（作为回应）thewidespreaduseofChatGPT.Accordingtothestudent,thesoftwareisabletorespondquicklyandcorrectly.Inonlyafewseconds,itcantellyouifagiventextiswrittenbyAIorahuman.____3____ThesetextshelpittofindoutwhetheranarticleistheworkofAIornot.Toexamineonearticle,theAPPwillcheckhowfamiliaritiswiththegivenarticlebasedonthetextshehasseenduringtraining.Thelessfamiliaritis,themorelikelyitistobetheworkofahuman.GPTZerothenscansthearticletoseehowdifferentitis.Ahuman-writtenarticleusuallydiffersalot.____4____Mr.TianisanAIsupporter.____5____HesaysthatChatGPTisusefulinhelpinghimtowritecomputercodeandsolveotherproblems.Atthesametime,headds,itisimportanttodevelopsafeguards（防护措施）fornewtechnologies.A.Afterthesetwosteps,itwillgiveafinalscore.B.GPTZerohasbeentrainedwithdifferenttexts.C.Itisafreeonlinechatbotthatcanperfectlywritealmostanything.D.HebelievesthatAIwillsurelybeagreathelptolifeandworkifusedproperly.E.Sinceitslaunch,ithasbeenusedbystudentsandworkerstocheatbycreatingwrittenworkforthem.【答案】1.C2.E3.B4.A5.D【解析】本文主要介绍了人工智能ChatGPT的好处以及弊端，以及GPTZero是如何运作的。1.根据“HaveyouheardoftheAPPChatGPT”可知，此处应介绍ChatGPT是什么，C选项“它是一个免费的在线聊天机器人，几乎可以完美地写任何东西”符合，故选C。2.根据“ThedialogueformatmakesitpossibleforChatGPTtoanswerquestions,admititsmistakesandrefuseimproperrequirements”可知，此处应介绍有哪些不适当的请求，E选项“自推出以来，它一直被学生和工人用来通过为他们创作书面作业来作弊”符合，故选E。3.根据“ThesetextshelpittofindoutwhetheranarticleistheworkofAIornot”可知，此处提到了text，B选项“GPTZero已经接受过不同文本的训练”符合，故选B。4.根据“Toexamineonearticle…GPTZerothenscansthearticletoseehowdifferentitis”可知，经过这些步骤之后，GPTZero会做出判断，A选项“在这两步之后，它将给出一个最终的分数”符合，故选A。5.根据“HesaysthatChatGPTisusefulinhelpinghimtowritecomputercodeandsolveotherproblems”可知，此处是他对这项人工智能的判断和评价，D选项“他认为，如果使用得当，人工智能肯定会对生活和工作有很大的帮助”符合，故选D。Passage11（2023年深圳罗浮区二模试题）以下是一则短文，请阅读短文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。Therearenotmanynationsthatcansaytheirnationaldishhasbecomeinternational.___1___Botharefamousallovertheworld,andbothhavemadethehistoryofItalianfood.Peoplehavebeeneatingpizza,inoneformoranother,forcenturies.Theyeatiteverywhere—athome,inrestaurants,oronstreetcorners.__2___Longago,piecesofflatbread,toppedwithmushroomsandherbs（香料）,wereasimpleandtastymeal.Theyweremostlyforthosewhodidn’thaveenoughmoneytobuyplates,orwhowereonthego.Inthe18thcentury,Naples,insouthernItaly,hadbecomeoneofthelargestcitiesinEurope,anditwasgrowingfast.Lotsofcitypeoplewerepoorandtheywerealwaysrushingaroundtolookforwork.Theyneededfoodthatwascheapandeasytoeat.___3__Theywereinexpensive,usedeasy-to-findingredients（原料）,andcouldbemadewithplentyoftastes.ItwasinAmericathatpizzafounditssecondhome.In1905,thefirstpizzeria（披萨店）,Lombardi’s,wasopenedinNewYorkCity.___4___Itwasincreasinglyconsideredasafast,funnyfood.PeoplemightlikeNewYork-stylethinpizza,orChicagodeep-dishthickpizza.Somewantextracheeseontheirpizzaswhileothersonlylikevegetables.___5___Foralotofpeopleinwesterncountries,whentheycannotdecidewhattoeat,theyorderpizzas.A.Thesecretis,almosteveryonelikespizzas.B.Theword“pizza”camefromtheLatinword“pinsa”meaningflatbread.C.Itbecameagreatsuccess.D.Italyhastwosuchdishes,spaghetti（意大利面）andpizza.E.Soon,pizzaspreadacrossthecountrywiththerapiddevelopmentofthecity.F.Pizzaswerecuttomeetthecustomers’needs.【答案】1.D2.B3.F4.E5.A【解析】本文讲了意大利的食品披萨，详细地介绍了它的历史和发展情况。1.根据下文“Botharefamousallovertheworld,andbothhavemadethehistoryofItalianfood.”可知，说的是两种菜，与其对应的应该是选项D“意大利有两种这样的菜，意大利面和披萨。”。故选D。2.根据下文“Longago,piecesofflatbread...wereasimpleandtastymeal”可知，说的是披萨的来源，与其对应的应该是选项B“单词‘pizza’来源于拉丁语‘pinsa’，意思是扁面包。”。故选B。3.根据上文“Theyneededfoodthatwascheapandeasytoeat.”及下文“Theywereinexpensive...ma