中考英语复习-第一部分-教材知识梳理-八下-Unit-7-8

八年级(下)Unit7-8第1页重点单词1.squaren.平方;广场;正方形2.deepadj.深,纵深adv.深入地deeplyadv.深刻地3.desertn.沙漠v.遗弃;逃走4.populationn.人口;人口数量5.tourn./v.旅游,旅行touristn.旅行者,观光者6.includev.包含,含有includingprep.包含,包含7.ancientadj.古代;古老8.protectv.保护,防护protectionn.保护,保卫9.wideadj.宽;宽敞

widthn.宽度;广度

narrow(反义词)adj.窄第2页10.achievementn.成就;成绩achievev.到达,实现;成功11.conditionn.条件;情况12.succeedv.实现目标,成功successn.成功successfuladj.成功successfullyadv.成功地13.amazingadj.令人惊奇;令人惊喜amazedadj.惊奇,吃惊14.thickadj.厚;浓thin(反义词)adj.薄;瘦15.recordn.唱片;统计

v.录制;录(音)16.naturen.自然界,大自然naturaladj.自然;本质17.forcen.力量;力气v.迫使18.weighv.重量是;称重weightn.重量19.birthn.出生,诞生20.researchn./v.研究,调查21.awakeadj.醒着wakev.叫醒;醒来22.excitementn.激动,兴奋23.remainingadj.遗留,剩下remainv.保持;留下24.governmentn.政府;内阁governv.治理;统治25.hugeadj.巨大;极多26.treasuren.珠宝;财富v.珍视第3页27.hurryv.慌忙,赶快n.慌忙,着急28.tooln.工具29.markn.迹象;记号;分数v.做记号;打分markern.标识;记号笔30.toward(s)prep.朝向;对着31.landv.登陆,着陆n.土地32.technologyn.科技;工艺33.abroadadv.在国外;到国外34.fann.迷,狂热者;风扇35.southernadj.南方southn.南方,南部adv.在南方adj.南方36.modernadj.当代;当代37.belongv.属于;归属38.introducev.介绍;引见introductionn.介绍;引言39.linen.行;排40.laughtern.笑;笑声第4页重点短语1.feelfree(能够)随便(做某事)2.asfarasIknow据我所知

3.takein吸入,吞入

4.inthefaceof面对,面临

5.eventhough/evenif即使,尽管

6.atbirth出生时

7.upto到达,不多于

8.walkinto走进;不慎陷入9.orso大约

10.befullof充满;大量;丰富

第5页11.hurryup赶快,急忙12.landin着陆

13.eversince自从

14.belongto属于

15.oneanother相互

16.fallover绊倒

17.achieveone’sdream实现梦想

18.makearecord制作唱片第6页第7页单元高频词汇训练

Ⅰ.依据首字母及汉语提醒填空1.Itissaidthatthetreasure(财宝)wasfoundbythescientistsonthatisland.2.Weneedtoprotect(保护)ourlivingareas.3.Ifyouwanttosucceed(成功),youshouldworkharder.4.Therearemanypeoplewhowillworkhardtoachieve(实现)thesegoals.5.Thepopulation(人口)ofthattownhasincreasedbyabout2%eachyear.6.Ourscientistshavedonealotofresearch(研究)onflu.7.Itissaidthatlaughter(笑声)canhelpcuresomeillness.8.Hedidverywell,butfailedtobreaktherecord(纪录).9.ManyEnglishwordswereintroduced(引入)intoChineseinthe1900s.10.Theplanelanded(着陆)safelyafteritcameacrossabigstorm.第8页Ⅱ.用括号中所给词适当形式填空1.Iwasstillawake(wake)whenDadcameback.2.Theriverisabout80metersinwidth(wide).3.Theyallwentthere,butIremained(remain).4.ManypeoplecometoWestLaketoenjoythenatural(nature)sceneryandrelaxthemselvesonweekends.第9页重点句型重点单词考点1

include和including使用方法

Even

more

serious

difficulties

include

freezing

weather

conditions

and

heavy

storms.愈加严峻困难包含极冷天气情况和巨大风暴。(P51)include为动词,意为“包含,包含,使……成为一部分”,通常不用于进行时态和被动语态。其现在分词和动名词形式为including,普通被看成介词使用,和其后名词或代词一起组成介宾短语,意为“包含……在内”,且including+宾语=宾语+included。比如:1.ThetourincludedavisittotheScienceMuseum.这趟旅行包含一次科学博物馆之行。2.Thereare40studentsintheclassroom,includingme.=Thereare40studentsintheclassroom,meincluded.包含我在内,教室里面有40名学生。第10页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用—WhyisHarvey’smothersohappy—Becauseonlythreestudentspassedtheexam,hissonHarvey.

A.besides B.except C.including D.without【解析】考查介词。依据语境可知,只有三个学生及格了,包含哈维在内,用including。【答案】C第11页重点句型重点单词考点2

succeed

使用方法

The

first

Chinese

team

did

so

in

1960,while

the

first

woman

to

succeed

was

Junko

Tabei

from

Japan

in

1975.在1960年第一支中国登山队成功登上山顶,而在1975年成功登山第一个女性是来自日本田部井淳子。(P51)succeed意为“成功”,作不及物动词,后面不能直接接宾语,不过能够用“in+名词/动名词短语”作宾语。其名词形式为success,表示“成功”时为不可数名词;表示“一个成功人或一件成功事”时为可数名词。其形容词形式为successful,固定搭配besuccessfulin(doing)sth.“成功做某事”。比如:1.Hesucceededingettingaplaceinanartschool.他成功地取得了一个进入艺术学校学习机会。2.Confidenceisthekeytosuccess!自信是通往成功关键!3.Thepartywasagreatsuccesslastnight!昨晚派对大获成功!4.Ifyouworkhardallthetime,youwillbesuccessfulinbusiness.假如你一直努力,你一定会事业有成。第12页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用Afterthreeyears’hardwork,hehas

inpassingthefinalhighschoolentranceexam.

A.succeeded B.managedC.prepared D.realized【解析】考查动词。依据“hard

work”及语境可知,他最终成功经过了高中入学考试。succeed

in

doing

sth.为固定搭配,意为“成功做某事”。【答案】A第13页重点句型重点单词考点3

辨析achieve和come

trueThe

spirit

of

these

climbers

shows

us

that

we

should

never

give

up

trying

to

achieve

our

dreams.这些登山者精神向我们证实:我们决不应该放弃实现自己梦想。(P51)1.cometrue是不及物动词词组,后不接宾语。主语为梦想、愿望等词语。比如:Ibelievehisdreamwillcometruesoonerorlater.我相信他理想迟早会实现。2.achieve是及物动词,后要接宾语。主语为人,宾语为目标、梦想、愿望等词语。惯用结构achieveone’saim/goal“实现某人目标”。比如:Noonecanachieveanythingwithouteffort.没有些人不努力就能有所成就。第14页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用Althoughthegoalofcontrollingseveraldangerousdiseaseshas

,whatworriesusisthatsomeofthemarereturning.

A.achieved B.gotC.improved D.made【解析】考查动词。此处指控制一些疾病目标已经实现,用achieve。【答案】A第15页重点句型重点单词考点4

辨析other,another,others,the

other和the

othersAnother

200

or

so

live

in

zoos

or

research

centers

in

China

and

other

countries.另外还有大约200只(大熊猫)生活在中国以及其它国家动物园和研究中心。(P54)1.other作形容词时,意为“别,其它”;作代词时,泛指“其它(人或物)”。比如:Putitinyourotherhand.把它放在你另一只手里。2.another泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上中另一个,只能代替或修饰可数名词单数。比如:Idon’tlikethisone.Pleaseshowmeanother.我不喜欢这一个,请给我看看另一个。3.others是other复数形式,泛指“另外几个,其余”,表示除了前面提到之外剩下大部分。比如:Someofuslikesinginganddancing,othersgoinforsports.我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞,其余从事体育活动。第16页重点句型重点单词4.theother指两个人或物中另一个,此时other作代词。theother后可加可数名词单数,也可加可数名词复数,此时other作形容词。比如:1)Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,theotherisaworker.他有两个女儿。一个是护士,另一个是工人。2)Maryismuchtallerthantheothergirls.玛丽比其它女孩高得多。5.theothers意为“其它东西,其余人”,特指某一范围内“其它(人或物)”。相当于“theother+复数名词”,是theother复数形式。比如:Twoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.两个男孩将去动物园,其余人留在家里。第17页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用(·呼和浩特)TherearefiftystudentsinClassOne.Twentyofthemareboys;

aregirls.

A.theother B.theothersC.others D.another【解析】考查代词。句意:一班有50名学生。其中20名是男生,其它是女生。分析句子结构可知,空处作主语,表示两部分中另一部分,故用the

others。【答案】B第18页重点句型重点单词考点5—DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld你知道中国是世界上最古老国家之一吗—Yes,Idid.It’smucholderthanmycountry.是,我知道。它比我国家古老得多。(P50)形容词、副词最高级惯用句型:1.“the+最高级+单数名词+表示范围in/of短语或从句”表示“……中最……”。比如:1)Heisthefastestrunnerofthethreeboys.他是这三个男孩中跑得最快。2)ThisisthemostboringbookI’veeverread.这是我读过最乏味书。2.“oneof+the+最高级+复数名词+表示范围in/of短语或从句”表示“……中最……之一”。比如:1)Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.中国是世界上最大国家之一。2)SheisoneofthebestrunnersI’veeverseen.她是我见过最优异赛跑选手之一。第19页重点句型重点单词第20页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用(·广西贵港)HewatchedJourney

to

the

Westlastnight.Hethoughtitwasoneof

TVprograms.

A.interesting B.moreinterestingC.mostinteresting D.themostinteresting【解析】考查形容词最高级。one

of+the+形容词最高级+复数可数名词,表示“……中最……之一”。【答案】D第21页重点句型重点单词考点6HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet你阅读过《金银岛》吗(P57)现在完成时基本使用方法以下:1.现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已经完成动作对现在造成了影响。也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去,但它影响现在还存在,强调是现在。比如:Ihavealreadysentthephoto.我已经把照片寄走了。(强调send这一动作对现在影响。)2.现在完成时能够用来表示发生在过去某一时刻、连续到现在动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示),常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或含过去时态句子)连用,谓语动词必须是延续性动词。比如:Hehaslivedheresince1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这里。(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。)第22页重点句型重点单词第23页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用(·北京)Lilyismyclassmate.We

eachothersinceshecametoourschool.

A.know B.knewC.haveknown D.willknow【解析】考查动词时态。句意:莉莉是我同学。自从她来到我们学校,我们就彼此认识了。since引导时间状语从句,主句通惯用现在完成时。【答案】C第24页1.(·安徽第34题)Iamsurprisedatthenewlookofmyhometown,foritalotovertheyears.(D)

A.changed B.changesC.willchange D.haschanged2.(·安徽第34题)Whenthebabydog,itwasveryhungry.Sowegaveitsomefood.(B)

A.isfound B.wasfoundC.hasbeenfound D.willbefound3.(·安徽第32题)Wecan’tdoitthatway—butwhetheritwillworkismatter.(B)

A.other B.another C.each D.every4.(·安徽第47题)—What’syourplanforthesummerholidays—I’llgotoBeijingtheschooltermends.(C)

A.inorderthat B.sothatC.assoonas D.eventhough第25页1.Theprojectthey’reworkingon

manyteenagerproblemsthattheycareabout.(B)

A.covering B.coversC.include D.including2.Throughoneyear’shardwork,LiMingfinallysucceedin

theexamination.(B)

A.pass B.passing C.passed D.topass3.—Ifyouprefertheredeveningdress,you’llhavetopay

30dollars,becauseit’smadeofsilk.

—OK.Hereyouare.(D)A.other B.theother C.more D.another4.Whenhearrivedattheairport,ZhangJiefoundthat

fanswerewaitingforhimthere.(D)

A.thousand B.thousandsC.thousandof D.thousandsof第26页5.—I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitinglong.—Nevermind.Ihereforonlyafewminutes.(A)

A.havebeen B.havecomeC.havearrived D.waited6.—Lily,whyareyoustillhereSchoolisoverforhalfanhour.—BecauseImytaskyet.Istillneedonemorehour.(C)

A.won’tfinish B.didn’tfinishC.haven’tfinished D.don’tfinish7.—HaveyouheardofEarthDay—Yes,wehaveonlyoneearth.Wehavenochoicebutit.(D)

A.protect B.protectedC.protecting D.toprotect第27页8.Everybodyshouldbegiventhechancetotheirdreams.(C)

A.memorize B.remindC.achieve D.forget9.—Canyoutellmewhatthemostimportantisinourlife

—Ithinkitishealth.(A)A.treasure B.trouble C.silence D.chance10.IfoundIwasthreepoundsheavierthanbeforewhenIyesterday.(D)

A.protected B.coveredC.prevented D.weighed第28页个人兴趣从近年全国各地中考书面表示命题来看,个人兴趣是热点之一。个人兴趣这个命题贴近生活,让每一位考生都有话可说,表示中考命题公平性标准。这类命题能够包括兴趣、娱乐活动、旅游等,考生写起来得心应手。第29页【词汇积累】interest兴趣hobby兴趣favorite最爱 sparetime业余时间makefriends交朋友 befondof喜欢listentomusic听音乐 joinclubs参加社团giveaconcert举行音乐会beinterestedin对……感兴趣enjoyreadingbooks喜欢看书takepartindifferentsports参加不一样体育项目collectstamps搜集邮票playfootball/basketball踢足球/打篮球developgoodstudyinghabits养成良好学习习惯lovewatchingAmericanmovies喜欢看美国电影watchafootballmatch观看足球比赛第30页【句式训练】仿写句子1.例句:Ihaveaninterestinreadingbooks.仿写:

2.例句:Hobbiesbringusfriendshipandpleasure.仿写:

3.例句:Readingcanhelpusimprovethinkingabilities.仿写:

4.例句:ThemostimportantreasonisthatIcanhavealotofthingstodo.仿写:

5.例句:Weshouldtryourbesttomakeitcometrue.仿写:

第31页【语段训练】为促进全民阅读,某校针对全体学生课外阅读情况做了个问卷调查。请依据以下调查数据和相关文字提醒,以“Let’sreadmore!”为题,用英语写一篇短文,说明课外阅读现实状况和意义,并就中学生怎样更加好地开展课外阅读活动提出你提议。第32页第33页

[连句成篇]Let’s

read

more!Togowiththecivilreading,ourschoolhasdoneasurveyandfoundthat56%ofthestudents1.spentlessthanonehourreadingafterclasseachday,while33%readfor1to2hours,andonly11%readformorethan2hours.

Thisisnotsatisfying.Asweallknow,readingmakesafullman.Readingnotonlyincreasesourknowledgeand2.improvesourabilitytosolveproblems,butalso3.helpsusformagoodhabitandmake