中考英语复习-第一部分-教材知识梳理-八上-Unit-7-8

八年级(上)Unit7-8第1页重点单词1.papern.纸张;论文;试卷2.futuren.未来;未来adj.未来3.environmentn.环境environmentaladj.环境4.plantn.植物v.种植5.partn.角色;部分6.peacen.和平;平静peacefuladj.和平;安宁7.humann.人类adj.人类8.dangerousadj.危险;不安全safe(反义词)adj.安全dangern.危险9.alreadyadv.已经;早已10.believev.相信;认为可能believableadj.可相信unbelievable(反义词)adj.难以置信11.evenadv.甚至,连;愈加12.shapen.外形;形状13.fallv.坍毁;跌倒;掉落fell(过去式)fallen(过去分词)14.insideprep.在……里面outside(反义词)prep.在……外面15.possibleadj.可能;可能存在或发生impossible(反义词)adj.不可能possibilityn.可能性;可能16.siden.一方意见(或态度、观点、立场等)第2页17.probablyadv.很可能;大约probableadj.可能18.duringprep.在……期间19.holidayn.假期,节日20.shaken./v.抖动;摇动shook(过去式)shaken(过去分词)21.addv.增加,添加22.finallyadv.最终;最终finaladj.最终23.machinen.机器;机械装置24.digv.挖;凿dug(过去式/过去分词)25.holen.洞;孔26.piecen.片;块;段27.traditionaladj.传统;通例traditionn.传统28.autumnn.秋天,秋季29.travel(l)ern.旅行者travelv./n.旅行30.celebratev.庆贺,庆贺celebrationn.庆贺31.fillv.充满;填满32.covern.覆盖物33.servev.服务;接待;提供servicen.服务;接待第3页34.temperaturen.温度;气温;体温35.pollutionn.污染;污染物pollutev.污染36.factoryn.工厂37.mixv.使……混合mixturen.混合物38.cornn.玉米;谷物第4页重点短语1.apieceofpaper一张纸2.inthefuture在未来3.playapart参加;发挥作用4.overandoveragain屡次,重复5.falldown摔倒,跌倒6.turnon接通(电流、煤气、水等),打开7.addto加上8.fill...with...用……填满……9.takeone’stemperature测量某人体温10.shakehands握手11.mix...with...将……与……混合12.becoveredwith被……覆盖13.serveas担当14.not...until直到……才15.hundredsof许多;大量16.lookfor寻找;寻求第5页第6页第7页单元高频词汇训练

Ⅰ.依据首字母及汉语提醒填空1.Weneedtotakeactionstopreventpollution(污染).2.Childrenneedahappyhomeenvironment(环境)fortheirhealthygrowth.3.It’sdangerous(危险)forpeopletostayinspacewithoutanyprotection.4.Heusuallysolves(处理)alltheproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylife.5.Chinesecelebrate(庆贺)theSpringFestivalinJanuaryorFebruary.6.Thecandlesinthisshopareindifferentshapes(形状)andsizes.7.Everycoinhastwosides(方面).Soweshouldthinkaboutsomethingforasecondtime.8.Tomb-sweepingDayisatraditional(传统)Chinesefestival.第8页Ⅱ.用括号中所给词适当形式填空1.Inthefuturepeoplewillhavemore(much)freetimebecausetherewillbefewer(few)thingstodo.2.TheRussiantravel(l)ers(travel)areequippedwithmanyelectronicdevices.3.Itisbelieved(believe)thatthemeetingwillchangeeverythingaroundtheworld.4.Theanimalsinthefarmlookpeaceful(peace)andhappy.第9页重点短语重点单词重点句型考点1

a

few,few,a

little与little使用方法区分

There

will

be

fewer

trees

and

the

environment

will

be

in

great

danger.树木将会变少,环境将会受到危害。(P50)第10页重点短语重点单词重点句型a

little还可用作程度副词,修饰形容词、副词及其比较级,而a

few不能;few和little是含有否定意义词,表示“几乎没有”,不能与not连用。◆活学活用用afew,few,alittle或little填空1.Thereislittleinkinmypen.Wouldyougivemealittle

2.Thisisaveryoldsong,sofewyoungpeopleknowit.3.Mr.Smithisquitebusytoday.Hehasafewmeetingstoattend.

【解析】考查little,alittle和few,afew区分。alittle和afew表示必定意义,little和few都表示否定意义,而little和alittle修饰不可数名词,few和afew修饰可数名词。第11页重点短语重点单词重点句型考点2

probably使用方法

In

the

future,people

will

work

more

so

they’ll

probably

have

fewer

vacations,but

I

think

I’ll

take

a

holiday

in

Hong

Kong

when

possible.未来人们会工作得更多,所以他们假期可能会更少,但有可能话我想去香港度假。(P55)probably作副词,意为“很可能,大约,可能”,其形容词形式为probable,意为“可能,大约”。比如:1.Itwasprobablyhermostpopularsong.这可能是她最受欢迎歌曲。2.Itisprobablethatthediseasehasbeencausedbyanenvironmentalproblem.这种疾病很可能是由某种环境问题引发。第12页重点短语重点单词重点句型辨析probably,perhaps,maybe和possibly(1)probably

表示可能性比maybe,perhaps

都要大,且经常与动词连用。比如:John

probably

told

him

all

about

the

matter.或许约翰已经把全部事情都告诉他了。(2)perhaps意为“或许,可能,大约”,相对于maybe

较为正式,可表示提议、请求和温和命令。比如:Perhaps

you

would

like

to

join

us

for

the

picnic.可能你愿意加入我们野餐队伍。(3)maybe“大约,或许”,多用于口语,表示礼貌请求或提议,多放于句首或句末。比如:Maybe

you

are

right.可能你是正确。(4)possibly意为“可能,可能”,较probably语气弱。在必定句中表可能性很小,与can,could连用,以加强语气,表示“设法,尽力地”;在否定、疑问句中与can,could连用,表示“不论怎样也不”。比如:I’ll

do

it

as

possibly

as

I

can.我将尽我所能去做。I

can’t

possibly

drink

any

more.我不论怎样不能再喝了。第13页重点短语重点单词重点句型◆活学活用—AreyougoingtoTom’spartythisweekend—not.Imayhavetowork.

A.Probably B.CertainlyC.Especially D.Properly【解析】考查副词。句意:——这个周末你准备去汤姆聚会吗——可能不会,我可能要工作。probably意为“可能地,大约”,符合语境。【答案】A第14页重点短语重点单词重点句型考点3

finally使用方法

Finally,don’t

forget

to

add

some

salt.最终,别忘了加点盐。(P58)finally作副词,意为“最终,终于”,普通指经过长时间努力,尤其指经过克服困难之后才终于抵达目标,也能够用于列举最终一件事情。其形容词形式为final,意为“最终,最终”。比如:1.Whentheyfinallyarrived,itwaswellpastmidnight.当他们最终抵达时,已经过了凌晨。2.Shepassedthefinalexaminationthroughhardwork.她经过努力终于经过了期末考试。第15页重点短语重点单词重点句型表示“最终”意思还有in

the

end和at

last。in

the

end指经历长时间之后,或者一系列事情之后结果;at

last

指经过长时间延误或努力之后结果。通常情况下,at

last和in

the

end能够交换。比如:He

tried

various

jobs

and

in

the

end

he

became

a

taxi

driver.他尝试各种工作之后,最终成为一名出租车司机。His

chance

came

at

last!他机会终于来了!第16页重点短语重点单词重点句型◆活学活用Hermotherthoughtforawhileand

allowedhimtogothere.

A.firstly B.easilyC.fully D.finally【解析】考查副词。A项“首先”;B项“轻易地”;C项“充分地”;D项“最终,最终”。依据句意可知,应选finally。【答案】D第17页重点短语重点单词重点句型考点4Inthefuture,therewillbelessfreshwaterbecausetherewillbemorepollutioninthesea.在未来淡水会更少,因为海洋中将会有更多污染。(P51)will用于普通未来时使用方法以下:1.“will+动词原形”指对未来事物近期或远期预见,表示个人主观意图、征求对方意见或表示客气邀请。比如:1)IwillshowmyphotostoyounextMonday.下周一给你看我照片。2)Willyousendthisletterforme,please请你替我把这封信寄出去行吗3)WillyoucometomybirthdaypartyonFriday你周五能来参加我生日聚会吗2.therewillbe单纯地表示将要发生动作,或对将要发生动作猜测。比如:Therewillbenowatertomorrowfrom8a.m.to3p.m.明天早晨八点至下午三点停水。第18页重点短语重点单词重点句型◆活学活用(·天津)Let’swaitandseewhetherbooks

bytheInternetinthefuture.

A.replaceB.replacedC.willbereplacedD.werereplaced【解析】考查动词时态和语态。依据句中“in

the

future”可知,该句用普通未来时,且books和动词replace之间是被动关系,故用普通未来时被动语态。【答案】C第19页1.(·安徽第45题)—Ithinkittakesalotofpracticetoplaytheviolinwell.—

.Practicemakesperfect.(D)

A.Noway B.MypleasureC.I’mafraidnot D.That’strue2.(·安徽第41题)Mr.WanghasleftforGuangzhou.He

aspeechthereintwodays.(C)

A.gives B.gave C.willgive D.hasgiven3.(·安徽第36题)Welcometoourhotel!Ihopeyou’llhaveagoodtime

yourstayhere.(B)

A.after B.during C.with D.since第20页1.Whilehewasridinghisbikecarelessly,he

hisbikeandhurthimself.(B)

A.tookoff B.felloffC.pulledoff D.cutoff2.—Ourschoolfoodfestivalhasbeenabigsuccess.—

(A)

A.Congratulations! B.Noproblem.C.Goodidea! D.Noway.3.I’mafraidofsnakesbecauseIthinktheyare

.(D)

A.meaningful B.interestingC.successful D.dangerous第21页4.—CouldyoutellmehowpeopletheDragonBoatFestivalinChina

—Sure.Peopleusuallywatchthedragonboatracesandeatzongzi.(A)A.celebrate B.regardC.introduce D.develop5.Therearepeopleshoppinginthenewsupermarket,becauseitisonsale.(D)

A.fourhundreds B.fourhundredofC.hundredof D.hundredsof6.Theworld’spopulationisgrowingandthereislandandwaterforgrowingrice.(C)

A.more;less B.larger;fewerC.larger;less D.more;fewer第22页7.Theweatherforecastsaysthatanotherstormtomorrow.(B)

A.therewillhave B.therewillbeC.therehas D.therehasbeen8.—Jenny,willyouleavefortheUSAnow—No.ItwillbetwoweeksIleavehere.(C)

A.until B.sinceC.before D.when第23页未来生活与打算关于未来生活与打算在《考试纲要》中也有相关话题,如计划与打算、日常生活等。对于该话题,考生应该抓住“生活”和“打算”两个方面内容进行整理和搜集素材,尤其是关于中学生未来学校生活以及相关理想、信念、职业等方面素材。另外,考生还应掌握未来时态利用,方便在写作时能够得心应手。第24页【词汇积累】want想要hope希望wish希望 expect期望believe相信 ideal理想stickto坚持 hopefor希望hadbetterdosth.最好做某事besupposedtodosth.应该做某事makeadecision做决定makeefforttodosth.努力做某事workdayandnight夜以继日地工作tryone’sbest尽力realizeone’sdream实现梦想besuccessfulindoingsth.成功做某事第25页【句式训练】仿写句子1.例句:Wearegoingtoakeyseniormiddleschool.仿写:

2.例句:Iwilltravelaroundtheworldaftergraduation.仿写:

3.例句:Ifyouputyourheartintoit,yourdreamwillcometrue.仿写:

4.例句:IwanttobeateacherwhenIgrowup.仿写:

5.例句:Aslongasweworkhard,wewillrealizewhatwewant.仿写:

第26页【语段训练】毕业计划依据提醒,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。1.最近我们班级举行了一次班会,讨论了初中毕业